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Zhu R, Zhang Q, Tang L, Zhao Y, Li J, Li F. Redescription of Bakuella (Bakuella) marina Agamaliev and Alekperov, 1976 (Protozoa, Hypotrichia), With Notes on Its Morphology, Morphogenesis, and Molecular Phylogeny. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:774226. [PMID: 35222294 PMCID: PMC8867040 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.774226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Because the original description of Bakuella (Bakuella) marina, type of the genus, is only based on protargol-impregnated specimens, one of the important living features, namely, the presence/absence of cortical granules, remains unknown so far. In the present work, a detailed investigation of a Chinese population of B. (Bakuella) marina is carried out using the integrated approaches, and the live morphology, ontogenesis, and molecular information of B. (Bakuella) marina are presented for the first time. The infraciliature of this population corresponds perfectly with that of the original description. The in vivo observation indicates that B. (Bakuella) marina possesses colorless cortical granules. The most prominent morphogenetic feature of B. (Bakuella) marina is that the parental adoral zone of membranelles is completely replaced by the newly formed one of the proters. Molecular phylogenetic analysis based on a small subunit ribosomal gene (SSU rDNA) shows that five Bakuella species are clustered with the species from other six Urostylid genera, namely, Anteholosticha, Apobakuella, Diaxonella, Holosticha, Neobakuella, and Urostyla. The monophyletic probabilities of the family Bakuellidae, genus Bakuella, subgenus B. (Bakuella), and subgenus B. (Pseudobakuella) are rejected by the approximately unbiased test. This study further shows that the family Bakuellidae, genus Bakuella, and subgenus B. (Bakuella) are all nonmonophyletic groups. In order to establish a reasonable classification system, information on molecular and morphogenesis of more Bakuellids and its related species is urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Lan Tang
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingbao Li
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Special Environmental Biophysics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Fengchao Li
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
- Innovation Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology of Hebei Province, Baoding, China
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Song W, Zhang T, Dong J, Luo X, Bourland WA, Wang Y. Taxonomy and Molecular Phylogeny of Two New Urostylid Ciliates (Protozoa: Ciliophora) From Chinese Wetlands and Establishment of a New Genus. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:707954. [PMID: 34394057 PMCID: PMC8361796 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.707954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypotrich ciliates with evolutionary novelties are continually being discovered, challenging the current taxonomic system and attracting increased attention. In the present work, two new urostylid ciliates, Heterobakuella bergeri gen. nov., sp. nov. and Anteholosticha perezuzae sp. nov., isolated from Chinese wetland samples, were identified based on morphology and 18S rRNA gene sequences. Heterobakuella gen. nov. is defined by three frontal cirri, single buccal cirrus, one parabuccal cirrus, midventral complex composed of cirral pairs and one cirral row, one left and two right marginal cirral rows, transverse and pretransverse cirri present, caudal and frontoterminal cirri absent. Heterobakuella can be easily distinguished from the morphologically most similar genus, Apobakuella, mainly by the single buccal cirrus (vs. one buccal cirral row) and one parabuccal cirrus (vs. several parabuccal cirral rows originated from different anlagen). Phylogenetic analyses show that H. bergeri branches within the clade formed by Bergeriella ovata, Monocoronella carnea, Anteholosticha gracilis, and Neourostylopsis spp., rather than the clade represented by Apobakuella. The other species, A. perezuzae, is mainly characterized by a distinctly slender body shape with an average length:width ratio about 7, distinctively shaped biconcave and greenish cortical granules, as well as one or two pretransverse cirri. Phylogenetic analyses indicate the genus Anteholosticha is non-monophyletic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenya Song
- Laboratory of Protozoological Biodiversity and Evolution in Wetland, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
- Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Tengyue Zhang
- Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Department of Zoology, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jingyi Dong
- Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaotian Luo
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - William A. Bourland
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Yurui Wang
- Laboratory of Protozoological Biodiversity and Evolution in Wetland, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
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Luo X, Bourland WA, Song W, Huang J. New contributions to the taxonomy of urostylid ciliates (Ciliophora, Hypotrichia), with establishment of a new genus and new species. Eur J Protistol 2021; 80:125810. [PMID: 34303130 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejop.2021.125810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Hypotrichia, one of the most complex and highly differentiated groups in Ciliophora, has been the object of extensive studies, especially in recent years. Nevertheless, methodological difficulties and insufficient faunistic studies have limited our understanding of their biodiversity and phylogeny. In this study, one novel urostylid ciliate, Pseudoholosticha zhaoi nov. gen., nov. spec. and two populations of Anteholosticha monilata (Kahl, 1928) Berger, 2003, type species of the latter genus, are studied using an integrative approach (live observation, protargol impregnation, scanning electron microscopy, and phylogenetic analysis) to provide further insights into the diversity, classification, and phylogeny of this group of ciliates. Pseudoholosticha nov. gen. can be separated from other morphologically similar genera mainly by the absence of buccal and caudal cirri. A key to 12 morphologically similar genera and illustrations of their cirral patterns are provided. The validation of the new genus and new species is supported by both morphological and phylogenetic analyses. The first 18S rRNA gene sequence of A. monilata, with detailed morphological data, provided a reliable clarification of A. monilata populations and corroborated the phylogenetic position of the type species of the polyphyletic genus Anteholosticha.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotian Luo
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - William A Bourland
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague 128 43, Czech Republic
| | - Weibo Song
- Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
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Jung JH, Omar A, Park MH, Nguyen TV, Jung YH, Yang HM, Min GS. Anteholosticha foissneri n. sp., a marine hypotrich ciliate (Ciliophora: Spirotrichea) from Vietnam: Morphology, morphogenesis, and molecular phylogeny. Eur J Protistol 2021; 78:125768. [PMID: 33549970 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejop.2021.125768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In a study of marine ciliate diversity, we collected an Anteholosticha monilata-like population from Vietnam. To identify this population, we analyzed its morphology, some morphogenetic stages, and molecular phylogeny. Based on these data, we conclude that the Vietnamese population is new to science. Anteholosticha foissneri n. sp. resembles Anteholosticha monilata-like species considering (1) the number and arrangement of macronuclear nodules and micronuclei; (2) the presence of cortical granules; and (3) the saline habitat. However, the new species can be easily distinguished from these species by the arrangement, color, and shape of the cortical granules. The divisional morphogenesis commences with the de novo proliferation of basal bodies as a single longitudinal patch left of the posteriormost midventral cirral pair. This character state has not been reported before in Anteholosticha (based on check of the available data) and probably reflects a distinct clade within the nuclear small subunit ribosomal RNA gene tree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Ho Jung
- Department of Biology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, 25457, South Korea.
| | - Atef Omar
- Natural Science Research Institute, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, 25457, South Korea; Department of Zoology, Al Azhar University, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Mi-Hyun Park
- Natural Science Research Institute, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, 25457, South Korea
| | - Tu Van Nguyen
- Department of Ecology, Institute of Tropical Biology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam
| | - Yun-Hwan Jung
- International Center for Marine Biodiversity, National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon-gun, 33662, South Korea; Marine Bio-Resources Research Unit, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology (KIOST), Busan Metropolitan City, 49111, South Korea
| | - Hee-Min Yang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, South Korea
| | - Gi-Sik Min
- Department of Biological Sciences, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, South Korea
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Chen L, Lyu J, Lyu Z, Warren A, Jiang J. Description and Morphogenesis of a Chinese Population of Bakuella granulifera Foissner, Agatha and Berger, 2002 (Ciliophora, Hypotricha). J Eukaryot Microbiol 2020; 67:678-686. [PMID: 32767613 DOI: 10.1111/jeu.12821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the morphology and morphogenesis of Bakuella granulifera Foissner, Agatha, and Berger, 2002, isolated from soil in the Chanba National Wetland Park, Xi'an, China, were studied based on in vivo observations and protargol staining. The Chinese population is distinctly smaller than the type population from Namibia. Details of the ontogenetic process are provided for the first time and are summarized as follows: (1) the parental adoral zone is partly retained; (2) the left of the endoral forms a rather wide anlage and the proximal adoral membranelles are renewed; (3) the parental midventral complex contributes to the formation of the FVT cirral anlagen; (4) the marginal rows anlagen and dorsal kineties anlagen develop intrakinetally; (5) no caudal cirri are produced; and (6) the macronuclear nodules fuse to a single mass. In combination with previous studies, these findings suggest that the genus Bakuella is ontogenetically diverse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyun Chen
- Laboratory of Microbiota, College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Jing Lyu
- Laboratory of Microbiota, College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Zhao Lyu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Alan Warren
- Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, SW7 5BD, United Kingdom
| | - Jiamei Jiang
- Shanghai Universities Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Taxonomy and Evolution, Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
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Documentation of a new hypotrich species in the family Amphisiellidae, Lamtostyla gui n. sp. (Protista, Ciliophora) using a multidisciplinary approach. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3763. [PMID: 32111909 PMCID: PMC7048753 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60327-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
An integrated approach considering both morphologic and molecular data is now required to improve biodiversity estimations and provide more robust systematics interpretations in hypotrichs, a highly differentiated group of ciliates. In present study, we document a new hypotrich species, Lamtostyla gui n. sp., collected from Chongming wetland, Shanghai, China, based on investigations using living observation, protargol staining, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, and gene sequencing. The new species is mainly recognized by having a short amphisiellid median cirral row composed of four cirri, three frontoventral cirri, three dorsal kinetids, four to eight macronuclear nodules, and small colorless cortical granules distributed as rosettes around dorsal bristles. Transmission electron microscope observation finds the associated microtubules of cirri and pharyngeal discs of L. gui are distinct from those in other hypotrichs. Morphogenesis of this species indicates that parental adoral membranelles retained intact or partial renewed is a potential feature to separate Lamtostyla granulifera-group and Lamtostyla lamottei-group. Phylogenetic analysis based on small subunit ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene shows that this molecular marker is not useful to resolve phylogenetic relationships of the genus Lamtostyla, as well as many other hypotrichous taxa. We additionally characterize the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) region and the almost complete large subunit rRNA, which will be essential for future studies aimed at solving phylogenetic problems of Lamtostyla, or even the family Amphisiellidae. As a final remark, the critical screening of GenBank using ITS genes of our organism allows us to recognize a large amount of hypotrichous sequences have been misclassified as fungi. This observation suggests that hypotrichs could be frequently found in fungi-rich environment and overlooked by fungal specialists.
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Morphology and molecular phylogeny of a new hypotrich ciliate, Anteholosticha songi nov. spec., and an American population of Holosticha pullaster (Müller, 1773) Foissner et al., 1991 (Ciliophora, Hypotrichia). Eur J Protistol 2020; 72:125646. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejop.2019.125646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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8
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Moon JH, Kim JH, Quintela‐Alonso P, Jung J. Morphology, Morphogenesis, and Molecular Phylogeny of
Neobakuella aenigmatica
n. sp. (Ciliophora, Spirotrichea, Bakuellidae). J Eukaryot Microbiol 2019; 67:54-65. [DOI: 10.1111/jeu.12753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hye Moon
- Department of Biology Gangneung‐Wonju National University Jukheon‐gil 7 Gangneung Gangwon‐do 25457 South Korea
| | - Ji Hye Kim
- Natural Science Research Institute Gangneung‐Wonju National University Gangneung 25457 South Korea
| | - Pablo Quintela‐Alonso
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology Faculty of Biology Complutense University of Madrid Madrid 28040 Spain
| | - Jae‐Ho Jung
- Department of Biology Gangneung‐Wonju National University Jukheon‐gil 7 Gangneung Gangwon‐do 25457 South Korea
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Li J, Wen K, Zhu E, Wang J. Morphology and morphogenesis of a Chinese population of a soil urostylid ciliate, Extraholosticha sylvatica (Foissner, 1982) Li et al., 2017 (Ciliophora, Hypotrichia). ACTA PROTOZOOL 2019. [DOI: 10.4467/16890027ap.19.017.12019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A soil urostylid ciliate Extraholosticha sylvatica, isolated from southern China, is studied using live observation and protargol impregnation. The main ontogenetic features of E. sylvatica are as follows: (a) in the proter, only the posterior part of the parental adoral zone of membranelles is renewed, while the anterior portion is retained; undulating membranes anlage undergo, like most hypotrichs, depolymerization of old undulating membranes and differentiation of new structures; (b) the oral primordium in the opisthe and the frontoventraltransverse cirral anlagen in both daughter cells are formed with contribution of the parental midventral cirri; (c) three frontal, one buccal, three to five frontoventral, one or two frontoterminal, two or three pretransverse ventral and six to 11 transverse cirri and 16–22 midventral pairs are generated from frontoventral-transverse cirral anlagen; (d) in both the left and the right marginal rows as well as the dorsal kineties, each two anlagen are formed intrakinetally; three to six caudal cirri are formed at the posterior end of the 5th dorsal kinety anlage; (e) the macronuclear nodules fuse into a single mass during the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingbao Li
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environmental Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Keqing Wen
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environmental Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Erkang Zhu
- Laboratory of Protozoological Biodiversity and Evolution in Wetland, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jingyi Wang
- Laboratory of Protozoological Biodiversity and Evolution in Wetland, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
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Lyu Z, Li J, Zhu E, Shao C. Morphology and morphogenesis of a new soil urostylid ciliate, with the establishment of a new genus Caudiurostyla gen. nov. (Ciliophora, Hypotrichia). Eur J Protistol 2018; 66:166-176. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejop.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Chen L, Wu W, El-Serehy HA, Hu X, Clamp JC. Morphology, morphogenesis, and phylogeny of an Anteholosticha intermedia (Ciliophora, Urostylida) population from the United States. Eur J Protistol 2018; 65:1-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejop.2018.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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Lyu Z, Wang J, Huang J, Warren A, Shao C. Multigene-based phylogeny of Urostylida (Ciliophora, Hypotrichia), with establishment of a novel family. ZOOL SCR 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Lyu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering; Ministry of Education; School of Life Science and Technology; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an China
| | - Jingyi Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering; Ministry of Education; School of Life Science and Technology; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an China
| | - Jie Huang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Hydrobiology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Wuhan China
| | - Alan Warren
- Department of Life Sciences; Natural History Museum; London UK
| | - Chen Shao
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering; Ministry of Education; School of Life Science and Technology; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an China
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13
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Gao F, Huang J, Zhao Y, Li L, Liu W, Miao M, Zhang Q, Li J, Yi Z, El-Serehy HA, Warren A, Song W. Systematic studies on ciliates (Alveolata, Ciliophora) in China: Progress and achievements based on molecular information. Eur J Protistol 2017; 61:409-423. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejop.2017.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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14
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The diverse morphogenetic patterns in spirotrichs and philasterids: Researches based on five-year-projects supported by IRCN-BC and NSFC. Eur J Protistol 2017; 61:439-452. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejop.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Morphology, morphogenesis, and molecular phylogeny of Uroleptus ( Caudiholosticha ) stueberi (Foissner, 1987) comb. nov. (Ciliophora, Hypotricha), and reclassification of the remaining Caudiholosticha species. Eur J Protistol 2017; 59:82-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejop.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Kim KS, Jung JH, Min GS. Morphology and Molecular Phylogeny of Two New Ciliates,Holostichides heterotypicusn. sp. andHolosticha muuiensisn. sp. (Ciliophora: Urostylida). J Eukaryot Microbiol 2017; 64:873-884. [DOI: 10.1111/jeu.12421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kang-San Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences; Inha University; 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu Incheon 22212 South Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Jung
- Department of Biology; Gangneung-Wonju National University; Jukheon-gil, 6 Gangneung-si Gangwon-do 25457 South Korea
| | - Gi-Sik Min
- Department of Biological Sciences; Inha University; 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu Incheon 22212 South Korea
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17
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Lu X, Huang J, Shao C, Al-Farraj SA, Gao S. Morphology and Morphogenesis of a Novel Saline Soil Hypotrichous Ciliate, Gonostomum sinicum nov. spec. (Ciliophora, Hypotrichia, Gonostomatidae), Including a Report on the Small Subunit rDNA Sequence. J Eukaryot Microbiol 2017; 64:632-646. [PMID: 28166376 DOI: 10.1111/jeu.12398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Revised: 01/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Morphology, cirral pattern, and morphogenesis of the new saline soil hypotrich, Gonostomum sinicum nov. spec. collected from Longfeng Wetland in Daqing, north China, were studied, using detailed live observations and protargol-stained specimens. The new species is characterized as follows: (i) a size in vivo of 100-125 × 30-40 μm, (ii) colorless cortical granules, 0.5 μm across, arranged in short rows, (iii) an adoral zone composed of 28-33 membranelles, (iv) three or four frontoventral rows, one of which extends onto the postoral area, (v) left and right marginal rows composed of 18-27 and 21-35, cirri, respectively, and (vi) usually two transverse cirri. Morphogenesis is as usual for the genus Gonostomum, i.e. the cirral primordia II-VI are primary primordia which split into two sets for proter and opisthe in division middle stages, except for anlage I which develops independently. However, the number of frontoventral transverse anlagen is either five or six not only in different individuals but even in proter and opisthe of the same divider. The phylogenetic analyses based on SSU rDNA sequences showed that the genus Gonostomum is nonmonophyletic, indicating that the patterns of cirri and dorsal kineties are homoplasious characters. The new species G. sinicum nov. spec. is perhaps closely related to Cotterillia bromelicola and two congeners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoteng Lu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.,University of Innsbruck, Research Institute for Limnology, Mondseestr. 9, Mondsee, 5310, Austria.,Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Chen Shao
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Saleh A Al-Farraj
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shan Gao
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
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18
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Chen L, Zhao X, Shao C, Miao M, Clamp JC. Morphology and phylogeny of two new ciliates, Sterkiella sinica sp. nov. and Rubrioxytricha tsinlingensis sp. nov. (Protozoa, Ciliophora, Hypotrichia) from north-west China. SYST BIODIVERS 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/14772000.2016.1219426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lingyun Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xiaolu Zhao
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Chen Shao
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Miao Miao
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - John C. Clamp
- Department of Biology, North Carolina Central University, Durham, 1801 Fayetteville St., North Carolina 27707, USA
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Morphology, morphogenesis and molecular phylogeny of a novel saline soil ciliate, Lamtostyla salina n. sp. (Ciliophora, Hypotricha). Eur J Protistol 2016; 56:219-231. [PMID: 27750082 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejop.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The morphology and morphogenesis of a new saline soil hypotrich, Lamtostyla salina n. sp., collected from Longfeng Wetland in Daqing, north China, were studied based on live observations and protargol stained specimens. The new species is characterized as follows: body very flexible but not contractile, lanceolate with anterior end broadly rounded, widest at about 1/3 of body length, posterior end narrowly rounded; cortical granules colourless and scattered; amphisiellid median cirral row ends ahead of mid-body, composed of 5-13 cirri; 4-20 frontoventral cirri arranged in 2-4 rows; three frontal, one buccal and 2-6 transverse cirri; usually one left and one right marginal row, composed of 17-51 and 20-51 cirri respectively; usually two dorsal kineties; two macronuclear nodules and two micronuclei. Morphogenesis is typical of the genus Lamtostyla: parental structures are involved in the formation of frontoventral transverse anlagen in the proter. Phylogenetic analyses based on small subunit ribosomal DNA sequence data reveal that the systematic position of Lamtostyla is rather unstable with low support values across the tree. However, a well-recognized close relationship between Lamtostyla and Bistichella are shown in all phylogenetic analyses.
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Huang J, Luo X, Bourland WA, Gao F, Gao S. Multigene-based phylogeny of the ciliate families Amphisiellidae and Trachelostylidae (Protozoa: Ciliophora: Hypotrichia). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2016; 101:101-110. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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21
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Luo X, Fan Y, Hu X, Miao M, Al-Farraj SA, Song W. Morphology, Ontogeny, and Molecular Phylogeny of Two Freshwater Species of Deviata
(Ciliophora, Hypotrichia) from Southern China. J Eukaryot Microbiol 2016; 63:771-785. [DOI: 10.1111/jeu.12324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 04/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotian Luo
- Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity; Ocean University of China; Qingdao 266003 China
| | - Yangbo Fan
- Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity; Ocean University of China; Qingdao 266003 China
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering; Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Graduate School; Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Xiaozhong Hu
- Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity; Ocean University of China; Qingdao 266003 China
| | - Miao Miao
- Savaid Medical School; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
| | | | - Weibo Song
- Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity; Ocean University of China; Qingdao 266003 China
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22
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Redescription of two little-known urostyloid ciliates, Anteholosticha randani (Grolière, 1975) Berger, 2003 and A. antecirrata Berger, 2006 (Ciliophora, Urostylida). Eur J Protistol 2016; 53:96-108. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejop.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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23
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Pan X, Fan Y, Gao F, Qiu Z, Al-Farraj SA, Warren A, Shao C. Morphology and systematics of two freshwater urostylid ciliates, with description of a new species (Protista, Ciliophora, Hypotrichia). Eur J Protistol 2016; 52:73-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejop.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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24
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Li J, Chen X, Xu K. Morphology and Small Subunit rDNA Phylogeny of Two New Marine Urostylid Ciliates, Caudiholosticha marina sp. nov. and Nothoholosticha flava sp. nov. (Ciliophora, Hypotrichia). J Eukaryot Microbiol 2016; 63:460-70. [PMID: 26663360 DOI: 10.1111/jeu.12290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Two marine urostylid ciliates, Caudiholosticha marina sp. nov. and Nothoholosticha flava sp. nov., isolated from intertidal sediment in the Yellow Sea, are investigated using morphological and small subunit rDNA phylogenetic analyses. Caudiholosticha marina is 210-310 μm × 40-55 μm in vivo, and has 10-20 macronuclear nodules, 23-37 midventral cirral pairs extending to 5-8 transverse cirri, and two caudal cirri. It differs from congeners by its marine habitat, larger size, macronuclear arrangement pattern and high number of midventral pairs. Molecular phylogenetic analyses indicate a polyphyly of Caudiholosticha. Nothoholosticha flava is yellow to brownish and 240-320 μm × 40-60 μm sized, and has a bipartite adoral zone, six frontal cirri in atypical bicorona, usually four frontoterminal, one buccal and 5-7 transverse cirri and 28-54 midventral pairs. Phylogenetic analyses allocate N. flava as sister of N. fasciola, type of the genus. The two Nothoholosticha species differ distinctly by the presence/absence of frontoterminal cirri, a feature often used to define genera in the Hypotrichia. However, the SSU rDNA sequence similarity between these two species is 99.3%, which weakens the justification for separating the new isolate at genus level. The taxonomic significance of frontoterminal cirri is discussed based on morphological and molecular data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Li
- Department of Marine Organism Taxonomy & Phylogeny, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 266071, Qingdao, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Xumiao Chen
- Department of Marine Organism Taxonomy & Phylogeny, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 266071, Qingdao, China
| | - Kuidong Xu
- Department of Marine Organism Taxonomy & Phylogeny, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 266071, Qingdao, China
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25
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Chen L, Lv Z, Shao C, Al-Farraj SA, Song W, Berger H. Morphology, Cell Division, and Phylogeny of Uroleptus longicaudatus
(Ciliophora, Hypotricha), a Species of the Uroleptus limnetis
Complex. J Eukaryot Microbiol 2015; 63:349-62. [DOI: 10.1111/jeu.12284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lingyun Chen
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity; Ocean University of China; Qingdao 266003 China
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering; Ministry of Education; School of Life Science and Technology; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710049 China
| | - Zhao Lv
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering; Ministry of Education; School of Life Science and Technology; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710049 China
| | - Chen Shao
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering; Ministry of Education; School of Life Science and Technology; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710049 China
| | - Saleh A. Al-Farraj
- Zoology Department; College of Science; King Saud University; Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Weibo Song
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity; Ocean University of China; Qingdao 266003 China
| | - Helmut Berger
- Consulting Engineering Office for Ecology; Radetzkystrasse 10 5020 Salzburg Austria
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26
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Luo X, Gao F, Al-Rasheid KAS, Warren A, Hu X, Song W. Redefinition of the hypotrichous ciliate Uncinata, with descriptions of the morphology and phylogeny of three urostylids (Protista, Ciliophora). SYST BIODIVERS 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/14772000.2015.1046967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotian Luo
- Laboratory of Protozoology, Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Laboratory of Protozoology, Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Khaled A. S. Al-Rasheid
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alan Warren
- Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, UK
| | - Xiaozhong Hu
- Laboratory of Protozoology, Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Weibo Song
- Laboratory of Protozoology, Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
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