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Chang L, Lin S, Zou B, Zheng X, Zhang S, Tang Y. Effect of Frying Conditions on Self-Heating Fried Spanish Mackerel Quality Attributes and Flavor Characteristics. Foods 2021; 10:foods10010098. [PMID: 33466563 PMCID: PMC7824904 DOI: 10.3390/foods10010098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the effects of different frying conditions on the quality characteristics of fried Spanish mackerel (Scaberulous niphonius) to address the food quality degradation of self-heating fish products after frying, sterilization, and reheating. Furthermore, the effect of different moisture contents (65%, 60%, 55%, and 50%) of fried Spanish mackerel on texture, color, and microstructure after sterilization and self-heating were examined. The flavor fingerprints of different frying temperatures (140 °C, 160 °C, 180 °C, and 200 °C) coupled with the optimal moisture content were identified; furthermore, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were studied using headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS) with principal component analysis (PCA). The results indicated that the shear force value significantly increased, while the hardness and chewiness significantly decreased simultaneously with decreasing moisture content. Samples containing 65% moisture content showed the highest L*, a*, and W values, while their b* value was the lowest, and the most clearly visible fibrous veins with tiny cracks could be observed in them. Samples fried at 160 °C and 65% moisture content exhibited the richest VOCs, with a greasy or fried aroma. Based on the PCA, there were significant differences in the sample VOCs under different frying conditions. In summary, among all treatments, frying at 160 °C with 65% moisture content resulted in the highest food quality of fish filets. The results of this study could provide a theoretical basis for improving the food quality of self-heated fish products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Chang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China; (L.C.); (S.L.); (B.Z.); (X.Z.); (S.Z.)
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Songyi Lin
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China; (L.C.); (S.L.); (B.Z.); (X.Z.); (S.Z.)
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Bowen Zou
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China; (L.C.); (S.L.); (B.Z.); (X.Z.); (S.Z.)
| | - Xiaohan Zheng
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China; (L.C.); (S.L.); (B.Z.); (X.Z.); (S.Z.)
| | - Simin Zhang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China; (L.C.); (S.L.); (B.Z.); (X.Z.); (S.Z.)
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Yue Tang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China; (L.C.); (S.L.); (B.Z.); (X.Z.); (S.Z.)
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +86-157-5403-8132
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Sukumaran S, Sebastian W, Francis KX, Gopalakrishnan A. Contemporary and historic patterns of intraspecific diversity in Indian anchovy, Stolephorus indicus, from Indian peninsular waters. Genetica 2019; 147:259-267. [PMID: 31144087 DOI: 10.1007/s10709-019-00068-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We analyzed intraspecific diversity of Indian anchovy, Stolephorus indicus, a commercially and ecologically important species, using mitochondrial DNA markers so as to derive insights into population structuring and historical demography. Analyses were carried out on 128 and 138 individuals collected from 5 locations along the range of distribution using mitochondrial ATPase (843 bp) and COI (663 bp) sequences respectively. Significant connectivity and gene flow was detected among fishes collected from all the geographic locations as indicated by lack of structuring in Bayesian clustering analysis along with insignificant ΦST values. Oceanographic features of the Bay of Bengal, Arabian Sea and Andaman Sea may be favorable for the dispersal of anchovy larvae and subsequent gene flow. Historical demographic analyses indicated a demographic and spatial expansion taken place approximately during 125,000 years before present, the Pleistocene epoch. Indian Ocean witnessed emergence of upwelling events and consequent increase in productivity during the Pleistocene epoch causing a demographic and spatial expansion of anchovies. Management measures for this species should be devised considering it as a single stock along its entire range of distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandhya Sukumaran
- ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Post Box No 1603, Ernakulam North P.O., Kochi, Kerala, 682018, India.
| | - Wilson Sebastian
- ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Post Box No 1603, Ernakulam North P.O., Kochi, Kerala, 682018, India
| | - K X Francis
- ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Post Box No 1603, Ernakulam North P.O., Kochi, Kerala, 682018, India
| | - A Gopalakrishnan
- ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Post Box No 1603, Ernakulam North P.O., Kochi, Kerala, 682018, India
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