1
|
Vo-Bui NA, Rogers BA, Pegg EC. Modelling of longitudinally cut carrot curling induced by the vascular cylinder-cortex interference pressure. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2024; 11:230420. [PMID: 38269078 PMCID: PMC10805594 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.230420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Cut carrot pieces are popular convenience foods, which enable the use of misshapen or physiologically imperfect produce. Cut carrots curl due to residual stress, which limits their shelf life and causes unnecessary food waste. The aim of this study is to identify the geometrical and environmental factors which have the most influence on their longevity. An analytical equation was developed using compound cylinder solutions, and this was used to define carrot-specific finite element (FE) models. Over 100 longitudinally cut Lancashire Nantes carrot halves were characterized, each was modelled analytically and verified using FE models. This model was evaluated by comparing predicted curvatures to ones experimentally measured over a week. The average radius of curvature decreased from 1.61 to 1.1 m a week after. A 1.32× reduction in the elastic modulus after 7 days was observed. The moisture content reduction relates to 22% weight loss, correlating to the decreasing radius of curvature. Subsequently, carrots are recommended to be stored in humidity-controlled environments. The experimental results from this study match the predictions made using mechanical principles. The research provides a methodology to predict the deformation of cut root vegetables, and the procedure is likely to be applicable to other plant structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen A. Vo-Bui
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Benedict A. Rogers
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
- ART_AI CDT, Department of Computer Science, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Elise C. Pegg
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
A Systematical Rheological Study of Maize Kernel. Foods 2023; 12:foods12040738. [PMID: 36832812 PMCID: PMC9955850 DOI: 10.3390/foods12040738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the rheological behavior of maize kernel was systematically investigated using a dynamic mechanical analyzer. The loss in toughness caused by drying resulted in a downward shift in the relaxation curve and an upward shift in the creep curve. The long relaxation behavior became obvious when the temperature was above 45 °C, resulting from the weakening of hydrogen bonds with temperature. The maize kernel relaxed more rapidly at high temperatures, caused by a reduction in the cell wall viscosity and polysaccharide tangles. The Deborah numbers were all much smaller than one, suggesting that the Maxwell elements showed viscous behavior. Maize kernel, as a viscoelastic material, showed a dominant viscous property at high temperatures. The decline in β with increasing drying temperature indicated an increase in the width of the relaxation spectrum. A Hookean spring elastic portion made up the majority of the maize kernel creep strain. The order-disorder transformation zone of maize kernel was about 50-60 °C. Due to the complexity of maize kernel, the William-Landel-Ferry constants differed from the universal values; these constants should be ascertained through experiments. Time-temperature superposition was successfully used to describe the rheological behavior. The results show that maize kernel is a thermorheologically simple material. The data acquired in this study can be used for maize processing and storage.
Collapse
|
3
|
Ping Z, Ruijin G, Tianci J, Guozhi Z, Ning X. Collision simulation of potato tubers for mechanized harvesting. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.14278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Ping
- College of Engineering Shenyang Agricultural University Shenyang Liaoning China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crops and Agricultural Equipment Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Shenyang Liaoning China
| | - Guo Ruijin
- College of Engineering Shenyang Agricultural University Shenyang Liaoning China
| | - Jin Tianci
- College of Engineering Shenyang Agricultural University Shenyang Liaoning China
| | - Zhang Guozhi
- Agrotechnical Extension Center of Jianping County Shenyang Liaoning China
| | - Xiaofeng Ning
- College of Engineering Shenyang Agricultural University Shenyang Liaoning China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crops and Agricultural Equipment Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Shenyang Liaoning China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Rashvand M, Altieri G, Genovese F, Matera A, Mammadov O, li Z, Di Renzo GC. Potential of finite element method to optimize the olive harvester machine (hand‐held rotary harvester). J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.14268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Rashvand
- School of Agriculture, Forestry, Food and Environmental Science University of Basilicata Potenza Italy
| | - Giuseppe Altieri
- School of Agriculture, Forestry, Food and Environmental Science University of Basilicata Potenza Italy
| | - Francesco Genovese
- School of Agriculture, Forestry, Food and Environmental Science University of Basilicata Potenza Italy
| | - Attilio Matera
- School of Agriculture, Forestry, Food and Environmental Science University of Basilicata Potenza Italy
| | - Orkhan Mammadov
- School of Agriculture, Forestry, Food and Environmental Science University of Basilicata Potenza Italy
| | - Zhiguo li
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering Northwest A&F University Yangling China
| | - Giovanni Carlo Di Renzo
- School of Agriculture, Forestry, Food and Environmental Science University of Basilicata Potenza Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rashvand M, Hajizadeh A, Akbarnia A, Abbaszadeh R, Nikzadfar M, Pathare PB. Effect of dielectric barrier discharge cold plasma on the bruise susceptibility of plum fruit. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.14182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Rashvand
- School of Agriculture, Forestry, Food and Environmental Science University of Basilicata Potenza Italy
| | - Ali Hajizadeh
- Biosystem Engineering Department, Agricultural Research Institute Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IRSOT) Tehran Iran
| | - Abbas Akbarnia
- Biosystem Engineering Department, Agricultural Research Institute Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IRSOT) Tehran Iran
| | - Rouzbeh Abbaszadeh
- Biosystem Engineering Department, Agricultural Research Institute Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IRSOT) Tehran Iran
| | - Mehrad Nikzadfar
- Biosystem Engineering Department, Agricultural Research Institute Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IRSOT) Tehran Iran
| | - Pankaj B. Pathare
- Department of Soils, Water and Agricultural Engineering, College of Agricultural & Marine Sciences Sultan Qaboos University Muscat Oman
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sáenz‐Baños M, Latorre‐Biel JI, Martínez‐Cámara E, Jiménez‐Macías E, Longo F, Blanco‐Fernández J. Methodology for energy demand reduction of potato cold storage process. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.14127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Sáenz‐Baños
- Department of Mechanical, Energy and Materials Engineering Public University of Navarre Tudela Spain
| | - Juan Ignacio Latorre‐Biel
- Department of Mechanical, Energy and Materials Engineering Public University of Navarre Tudela Spain
| | - Eduardo Martínez‐Cámara
- Department of Mechanical Engineering University of La Rioja, Edificio Departamental Logroño Spain
| | - Emilio Jiménez‐Macías
- Department of Electrical Engineering University of La Rioja, Edificio Departamental Logroño Spain
| | - Francesco Longo
- Department of Mechanical, Energy and Management Engineering University of Calabria Cosenza Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zheng Z, An Z, Liu X, Chen J, Wang Y. Finite Element Analysis and Near-Infrared Hyperspectral Reflectance Imaging for the Determination of Blueberry Bruise Grading. Foods 2022; 11:foods11131899. [PMID: 35804715 PMCID: PMC9265279 DOI: 10.3390/foods11131899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bruising of the subcutaneous tissues of blueberries is an important form of mechanical damage. Different levels of bruising have a significant effect on the post-harvest marketing of blueberries. To distinguish different grades of blueberry bruises and explore the effects of different factors, explicit dynamic simulation and near-infrared hyperspectral reflectance imaging were employed without harming the blueberries in this study. Based on the results of the compression experiment, an explicit dynamic simulation of blueberries was performed to measure the potential locations of bruises and preliminarily divide the bruise stages. A near-infrared hyperspectral reflectance imaging system was used to detect the actual blueberry bruises. According to the blueberry photos taken by the near-infrared hyperspectral reflectance imaging system, the actual bruise rates of blueberries were obtained by using the Environment for Visualizing Images software for training and classification. Bruise grades of blueberries were divided accordingly. Response surface methodology was used to determine the effects of ripeness, loading speed and loading location on the blueberry bruising rate. Under the optimized parameters, the actual damage rate of blueberries was 1.1%. The results provide an important theoretical basis for the accurate and rapid identification and classification of blueberry bruise damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoqi Zheng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Integrated Design and On-Line Monitoring for Light Industry & Food Machinery and Equipment, College of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300222, China; (Z.A.); (X.L.); (J.C.); (Y.W.)
- Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Center of Low-Carbon Green Process Equipment, Tianjin 300222, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Zimin An
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Integrated Design and On-Line Monitoring for Light Industry & Food Machinery and Equipment, College of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300222, China; (Z.A.); (X.L.); (J.C.); (Y.W.)
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Integrated Design and On-Line Monitoring for Light Industry & Food Machinery and Equipment, College of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300222, China; (Z.A.); (X.L.); (J.C.); (Y.W.)
| | - Jinghui Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Integrated Design and On-Line Monitoring for Light Industry & Food Machinery and Equipment, College of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300222, China; (Z.A.); (X.L.); (J.C.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yonghong Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Integrated Design and On-Line Monitoring for Light Industry & Food Machinery and Equipment, College of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300222, China; (Z.A.); (X.L.); (J.C.); (Y.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lang Y, Xie Z, Chen L. Finite element simulation of mechanical properties of
Rosa roxburghii
under compression loading. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.13939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yancheng Lang
- School of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Guizhou Normal University Guiyang China
| | - Zhiping Xie
- School of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Guizhou Normal University Guiyang China
| | - Luqi Chen
- School of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Guizhou Normal University Guiyang China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zheng Z, Chen J, Tian W, Zhang C, An Z. Finite element analysis of blueberry stack damage. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.13840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoqi Zheng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Integrated Design and On‐line Monitoring for Light Industry & Food Machinery and Equipment College of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology Tianjin China
- Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Center of Low‐Carbon Green Process Equipment Tianjin China
| | - Jinghui Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Integrated Design and On‐line Monitoring for Light Industry & Food Machinery and Equipment College of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology Tianjin China
| | - Wei Tian
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Integrated Design and On‐line Monitoring for Light Industry & Food Machinery and Equipment College of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology Tianjin China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Integrated Design and On‐line Monitoring for Light Industry & Food Machinery and Equipment College of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology Tianjin China
| | - Zimin An
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Integrated Design and On‐line Monitoring for Light Industry & Food Machinery and Equipment College of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology Tianjin China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Blahovec J, Kouřím P, Lebovka N. Volumetric Shrinkage and Poisson ‘s Ratio of Carrot Treated by Pulse Electric Fields. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-021-02711-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
11
|
Ahmadi Chenarbon H, Movahhed S. Assessment of physical and aerodynamic properties of corn kernel (
KSC
704). J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.13858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Ahmadi Chenarbon
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Varamin ‐ Pishva Branch Islamic Azad University Varamin Iran
| | - Sara Movahhed
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Varamin ‐ Pishva Branch Islamic Azad University Varamin Iran
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Su Y, Cui T, Xia G, Gao X, Li Y, Qiao M, Xu Y. Effects of different moisture content and varieties on physico–mechanical properties of maize kernel and pedicel. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.13778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Su
- College of Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Tao Cui
- College of Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Guoyi Xia
- College of Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Xiaojun Gao
- College of Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Yibo Li
- College of Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Mengmeng Qiao
- College of Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Yang Xu
- College of Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing China
| |
Collapse
|