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Heydari A, KhajeHassani M, Daneshafruz H, Hamedi S, Dorchei F, Kotlár M, Kazeminava F, Sadjadi S, Doostan F, Chodak I, Sheibani H. Thermoplastic starch/bentonite clay nanocomposite reinforced with vitamin B 2: Physicochemical characteristics and release behavior. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:124742. [PMID: 37148934 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
This study presents the development and characterization of a nanocomposite material, consisting of thermoplastic starch (TPS) reinforced with bentonite clay (BC) and encapsulated with vitamin B2 (VB). The research is motivated by the potential of TPS as a renewable and biodegradable substitute for petroleum-based materials in the biopolymer industry. The effects of VB on the physicochemical properties of TPS/BC films, including mechanical and thermal properties, water uptake, and weight loss in water, were investigated. In addition, the surface morphology and chemical composition of the TPS samples were analyzed using high-resolution SEM microscopy and EDS, providing insight into the structure-property relationship of the nanocomposites. The results showed that the addition of VB significantly increased the tensile strength and Young's modulus of TPS/BC films, with the highest values observed for nanocomposites containing 5 php of VB and 3 php of BC. Furthermore, the release of VB was controlled by the BC content, with higher BC content leading to lower VB release. These findings demonstrate the potential of TPS/BC/VB nanocomposites as environmentally friendly materials with improved mechanical properties and controlled release of VB, which can have significant applications in the biopolymer industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Heydari
- Polymer Institute of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 84541 Bratislava, Slovakia; National Institute of Rheumatic Diseases, Nábrežie I. Krasku 4782/4, 921 12 Piešťany, Slovakia.
| | - Milad KhajeHassani
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman 76169, Iran
| | - Haniyeh Daneshafruz
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman 76169, Iran
| | - Sepideh Hamedi
- Faculty of New Technologies Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faeze Dorchei
- Polymer Institute of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 84541 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Mário Kotlár
- Centre for Nanodiagnostics of Materials, Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Vazovova 5, Bratislava 81243, Slovakia
| | - Fahimeh Kazeminava
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Samahe Sadjadi
- Gas Conversion Department, Faculty of Petrochemicals, Iran polymer and Petrochemical Institute, PO Box 14975-112, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farideh Doostan
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ivan Chodak
- Polymer Institute of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 84541 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Hassan Sheibani
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman 76169, Iran
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Ucpinar Durmaz B, Aytac A. Preparation and properties of poly (vinyl alcohol)/sodium caseinate blend films crosslinked with glutaraldehyde and glyoxal. JOURNAL OF POLYMER ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2021-0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Bio-based films containing poly (vinyl alcohol)/casein have poor mechanical and water vapor barrier properties that limit their use in packaging application. Some properties such as water resistance and tensile strength can be increased by the cross-linking process. For this reason, poly(vinyl alcohol)/sodium caseinate (PVA/SC) blends were crosslinked by adding glutaraldehyde (GLA) and glyoxal (GL) at different ratios in this work. The films were prepared by solution casting technique. Fourier transform infrared analysis (FTIR) confirmed the crosslinking reaction between the components. As a result of the crosslinking, the thicknesses, water vapor barrier properties and water contact angle values of the films have increased. The total soluble matters (TSM) of PVA/SC film decreased with increasing amounts of crosslinkers and GLA crosslinked films exhibited lower TSM. The addition of GLA and GL resulted in more strengthened films as verified by the tensile test. On the other hand, GLA crosslinked films were more flexible than un-crosslinked and GL crosslinked PVA/SC films. The hydrophilic PVA/SC film became more hydrophobic with the increasing amounts of crosslinkers. With the crosslinking, the PVA/SC film became more thermally stable. In conclusion, the crosslinked PVA/SC films were obtained with suitable properties for packaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bedriye Ucpinar Durmaz
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Engineering Faculty, Kocaeli University , 41380 Kocaeli , Turkey
| | - Ayse Aytac
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Engineering Faculty, Kocaeli University , 41380 Kocaeli , Turkey
- Polymer Science and Technology Programme, Kocaeli University , 41380 Kocaeli , Turkey
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