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Crites GE, Ward WL, Archuleta P, Fornari A, Hill SEM, Westervelt LM, Raymond N. A Scoping Review of Health Care Faculty Mentorship Programs in Academia: Implications for Program Design, Implementation, and Outcome Evaluation. THE JOURNAL OF CONTINUING EDUCATION IN THE HEALTH PROFESSIONS 2023; 43:42-51. [PMID: 36215162 DOI: 10.1097/ceh.0000000000000459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Formal mentoring programs have direct benefits for academic health care institutions, but it is unclear whether program designs use recommended components and whether outcomes are being captured and evaluated appropriately. The goal of this scoping review is to address these questions. METHODS We completed a literature review using a comprehensive search in SCOPUS and PubMed (1998-2019), a direct solicitation for unpublished programs, and hand-searched key references, while targeting mentor programs in the United States, Puerto Rico, and Canada. After three rounds of screening, team members independently reviewed and extracted assigned articles for 40 design data items into a comprehensive database. RESULTS Fifty-eight distinct mentoring programs were represented in the data set. The team members clarified specific mentor roles to assist the analysis. The analysis identified mentoring program characteristics that were properly implemented, including identifying program goals, specifying the target learners, and performing a needs assessment. The analysis also identified areas for improvement, including consistent use of models/frameworks for program design, implementation of mentor preparation, consistent reporting of objective outcomes and career satisfaction outcomes, engagement of program evaluation methods, increasing frequency of reports as programs as they mature, addressing the needs of specific faculty groups (eg, women and minority faculty), and providing analyses of program cost-effectiveness in relation to resource allocation (return on investment). CONCLUSION The review found that several mentor program design, implementation, outcome, and evaluation components are poorly aligned with recommendations, and content for URM and women faculty members is underrepresented. The review should provide academic leadership information to improve these discrepancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald E Crites
- Dr. Crites: Campus Associate Dean for Faculty Affairs and Development, Professor of Medicine, AU/UGA Medical Partnership: Augusta University and University of Georgia Medical Partnership, UGA Health Science Campus, Athens, GA. Dr. Ward: Associate Provost for Faculty, Professor of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR. Ms. Archuleta: Clinical Instructor, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO. Ms. Fornari: Associate Dean for Educational Skills Development, Professor of Science Education, Family Medicine and Occupational Health, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY. Ms. Hill : College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR. Ms. Westervelt: Director, Office of Faculty Affairs and Leadership Development, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC. Dr. Raymond: Associate Dean of Faculty Affairs and Development, Professor of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 4125A Health Sciences Learning Center, Madison, WI
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Farid H, Bain P, Huang G. A scoping review of peer mentoring in medicine. CLINICAL TEACHER 2022; 19:e13512. [PMID: 35751456 DOI: 10.1111/tct.13512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While studies have demonstrated the benefits of mentoring between junior and senior faculty, the dearth of senior mentors remains a challenge. Peer mentoring arose out of scarcity by creating communities among faculty at similar stages. Although demonstrative studies abound, no synthesis of the literature exists to characterise programme structure, content and impact on faculty. METHODS We conducted a scoping review of peer mentoring programmes for faculty in academic medicine. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science and ERIC for studies of peer mentoring programmes. Two authors independently reviewed the articles and extracted data. FINDINGS We reviewed the titles and abstracts of 1513 studies, 75 full-text articles, and selected 19 studies for our review. About half of peer mentoring programmes were department-sponsored. The overall size varied from 3 to 104 participants; most were organised into small groups and met monthly. Fifty-eight percent included a didactic curriculum. Several studies showed an increase in publications, grant funding, retention rates and promotion, in addition to increased personal satisfaction. Qualitative data demonstrated themes of collaboration and mutual support. DISCUSSION Programme outcomes were invariably positive with respect to participant satisfaction, and additionally, some studies showed an increase in publications, grant funding, retention rates and promotion. Camaraderie emerged as a strong theme in the programmes. CONCLUSIONS This scoping review of peer mentoring programmes can guide institutions in their efforts to create similar initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huma Farid
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Paul Bain
- Countway Library, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Grace Huang
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Ransdell LB, Lane TS, Schwartz AL, Wayment HA, Baldwin JA. Mentoring New and Early-Stage Investigators and Underrepresented Minority Faculty for Research Success in Health-Related Fields: An Integrative Literature Review (2010-2020). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18020432. [PMID: 33430479 PMCID: PMC7826619 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18020432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mentoring to develop research skills is an important strategy for facilitating faculty success. The purpose of this study was to conduct an integrative literature review to examine the barriers and facilitators to mentoring in health-related research, particularly for three categories: new investigators (NI), early-stage investigators (ESI) and underrepresented minority faculty (UMF). PsychINFO, CINAHL and PubMed were searched for papers published in English from 2010 to 2020, and 46 papers were reviewed. Most papers recommended having multiple mentors and many recommended assessing baseline research skills. Barriers and facilitators were both individual and institutional. Individual barriers mentioned most frequently were a lack of time and finding work-life balance. UMF mentioned barriers related to bias, discrimination and isolation. Institutional barriers included lack of mentors, lack of access to resources, and heavy teaching and service loads. UMF experienced institutional barriers such as devaluation of experience or expertise. Individual facilitators were subdivided and included writing and synthesis as technical skills, networking and collaborating as interpersonal skills, and accountability, leadership, time management, and resilience/grit as personal skills. Institutional facilitators included access to mentoring, professional development opportunities, and workload assigned to research. Advocacy for diversity and cultural humility were included as unique interpersonal and institutional facilitators for UMF. Several overlapping and unique barriers and facilitators to mentoring for research success for NI, ESI and UMF in the health-related disciplines are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynda B. Ransdell
- Center for Health Equity Research, Northern Arizona University, 1395 S Knoles Drive, Suite 140, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA; (T.S.L.); (A.L.S.); (H.A.W.); (J.A.B.)
- Department of Health Sciences, Northern Arizona University, 1100 S Beaver St, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Taylor S. Lane
- Center for Health Equity Research, Northern Arizona University, 1395 S Knoles Drive, Suite 140, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA; (T.S.L.); (A.L.S.); (H.A.W.); (J.A.B.)
| | - Anna L. Schwartz
- Center for Health Equity Research, Northern Arizona University, 1395 S Knoles Drive, Suite 140, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA; (T.S.L.); (A.L.S.); (H.A.W.); (J.A.B.)
- School of Nursing, Northern Arizona University, 202 E Pine Knoll Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
| | - Heidi A. Wayment
- Center for Health Equity Research, Northern Arizona University, 1395 S Knoles Drive, Suite 140, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA; (T.S.L.); (A.L.S.); (H.A.W.); (J.A.B.)
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, 1100 S Beaver St, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
| | - Julie A. Baldwin
- Center for Health Equity Research, Northern Arizona University, 1395 S Knoles Drive, Suite 140, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA; (T.S.L.); (A.L.S.); (H.A.W.); (J.A.B.)
- Department of Health Sciences, Northern Arizona University, 1100 S Beaver St, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
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McGuire CM, Riffenburg K, Malope S, Jack B, Borba CPC. Mixed-methods evaluation of family medicine research training and peer mentorship in Lesotho. Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med 2020; 12:e1-e17. [PMID: 33181879 PMCID: PMC7669944 DOI: 10.4102/phcfm.v12i1.2387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Strengthening primary care research capacity is a priority globally. Family medicine training programmes in sub-Saharan Africa represent an important opportunity to build primary care research; however, they are often limited by insufficient research training and mentorship. Peers can be used to extend research mentorship capacity, but have not been evaluated in this context. Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate one family medicine training programme’s research capacity building efforts through a blended research curriculum and peer mentorship. Setting Lesotho is a landlocked country within South Africa of approximately two million people. The Family Medicine Specialty Training Programme (FMSTP) is the only accredited postgraduate medical education programme in Lesotho. Methods This two-year mixed-methods evaluation used: (1) Likert-scale surveys measuring trainee research confidence, (2) written evaluations by trainees, peers, programme faculty and administrators and (3) in-depth, semi-structured interviews. Survey data were analysed using Friedman and sign tests. Interview and written data were analysed thematically via a mixed inductive-deductive approach using Cooke’s framework. Results Family Medicine Specialty Training Programme trainees (n = 8) experienced moderate increases in research confidence that were statistically significant. Skill-building occurred primarily via experiential learning. Research was grounded in trainees’ clinical practice and locally relevant. A positive research culture was created, promising for sustainability. We identified infrastructure gaps, including funding and protected time. Peer research mentorship supported trainees’ motivation and provided a safe space for questions. Conclusion The FMSTP research curriculum and peer mentorship programme were successful in positively impacting a number of Cooke’s research capacity domains. This evaluation identified improvements that are now being implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea M McGuire
- Family Medicine Specialty Training Program, Lesotho-Boston Health Alliance, Leribe, Lesotho; and, Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, United States of America; and, Center for Health System Design and Implementation, Institute for Health System Innovation and Policy, Boston University, Boston.
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Jordan L, Russell D, Baik D, Dooley F, Masterson Creber RM. The Development and Implementation of a Cardiac Home Hospice Program: Results of a RE-AIM Analysis. Am J Hosp Palliat Care 2020; 37:925-935. [PMID: 32421373 DOI: 10.1177/1049909120925432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Use of hospice has grown among patients with heart failure; however, gaps remain in the ability of agencies to tailor services to meet their needs. AIM This study describes the implementation of a cardiac home hospice program and insights for dissemination to other hospice programs. DESIGN We conducted a multimethod analysis structured around the Reach Effectiveness Adoption Implementation and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework. SETTINGS/PARTICIPANTS We used electronic medical records for our quantitative data source and interviews with hospice clinicians from a not-for-profit hospice agency (N = 32) for our qualitative data source. RESULTS Reach-A total of 1273 participants were enrolled in the cardiac home hospice program, of which 57% were female and 42% were black or Hispanic with a mean age was 86 years. Effectiveness-The cardiac home hospice program increased hospice enrollment among patients with heart failure from 7.9% to 9.5% over 1 year (2016-2017). Adoption-Institutional factors that supported the program included the acute need to support medically complex patients at the end of life and an engaged clinical champion. Implementation-Program implementation was supported by interdisciplinary teams who engaged in care coordination. Maintenance-The program has been maintained for over 3 years. CONCLUSION The cardiac home hospice program strengthened hospice clinicians' ability to confidently provide care for patients with heart failure, expanded awareness of their symptoms among clinicians, and was associated with increased enrollment of patients with heart failure over the study period. This RE-AIM evaluation provides lessons learned and strategies for future adoption, implementation, and maintenance of a cardiac home hospice program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizeyka Jordan
- Center for Home Care Policy & Research, Visiting Nurse Service of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - David Russell
- Center for Home Care Policy & Research, Visiting Nurse Service of New York, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Sociology, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC, USA
| | - Dawon Baik
- College of Nursing University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, New York, NY, USA
| | - Frances Dooley
- Hospice and Palliative Care, Visiting Nurse Service of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ruth M Masterson Creber
- Department of Healthcare Research & Policy, Division of Health Informatics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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Anand M, Magnuson A, Patil A, Nuristani H, Plumb S, Obrecht S, Katheria V, Mohile S, Dale W. Developing sustainable national infrastructure supporting high-impact research to improve the care of older adults with cancer: A Delphi investigation of geriatric oncology experts. J Geriatr Oncol 2020; 11:338-342. [PMID: 31648952 PMCID: PMC7054168 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgo.2019.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maya Anand
- University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
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High K, Kritchevsky S. Finding Someone Like Me: The Secret to Successfully Mentoring Specialists in Aging Research. J Am Geriatr Soc 2019; 67:641-643. [PMID: 30893467 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.15884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin High
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina.,Sections on Infectious Diseases, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina.,Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina
| | - Stephen Kritchevsky
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina.,Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina.,Geriatric Medicine/Gerontology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina
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