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Meamar M, Rashidy-Pour A, Rahmani M, Vafaei AA, Raise-Abdullahi P. Glucocorticoid- β-adrenoceptors interactions in the infralimbic cortex in acquisition and consolidation of auditory fear memory extinction in rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2023; 225:173560. [PMID: 37094708 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2023.173560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the interactive effect of glucocorticoid and β-adrenoceptors in the infralimbic (IL) cortex on the acquisition and consolidation of fear extinction in rats' auditory fear conditioning (AFC) task. On day 1, rats underwent habituation for 9 min (12 tonnes, 10 s, 4 kHz, 80 dB, without footshock). On day 2 (conditioning), rats received 3 mild electrical footshocks (US; 2 s, 0.5 mA) paired with the auditory-conditioned stimulus (CS; tone: 30 s, 4 kHz, 80 dB). On days 3-5 (Ext 1-3), rats received 15 tonnes with no footshock in the test box. Intra-IL injection of corticosterone (CORT, 20 ng/0.5 μl per side) before Ext 1 and after Ext 1-2, respectively, facilitated the acquisition and consolidation of fear memory extinction. Intra-IL injection of the β2-adrenoceptor agonist clenbuterol (CLEN, 50 ng/0.5 μl per side) inhibited, but the β-adrenoceptor antagonist propranolol (PROP, 500 ng/0.5 μl per side) enhanced the facilitatory effects of CORT on fear memory extinction. CORT injection before the acquisition of fear extinction increased p-ERK levels in the IL. Co-injection of CORT with CLEN increased, but PROP decreased p-ERK activities. CORT injection after the consolidation of fear extinction increased p-CREB in the IL. Co-injection of CORT with CLEN increased, but PROP reduced p-CREB activities. Our findings show that corticosterone facilitates the acquisition and consolidation of fear memory extinction. GRs and β-adrenoceptors in the IL jointly regulate fear memory extinction via ERK and CREB signaling pathways. This pre-clinical animal study may highlight the effect of GRs and β-adrenoceptors of the IL cortex in regulating fear memory processes in fear-related disorders such as PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morvarid Meamar
- Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Ali Rashidy-Pour
- Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Mehrnoush Rahmani
- Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Abbas Ali Vafaei
- Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
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Noorani SK, Hojati V, Akbari E, Ehsani S, Sakurai T, Ardeshiri MR. The role of interaction between orexin receptors and β2 adrenergic receptors in basolateral amygdala in dentate gyrus synaptic plasticity in male rats. Brain Res Bull 2021; 177:164-171. [PMID: 34601056 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2021.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Orexin receptors expressed in basolateral amygdala (BLA) have been proposed for memory processing and hippocampal plasticity. There are several investigations about the effect of the adrenergic system in BLA on memory enhancement. However, there is no information about the molecular basis of this effect. Adrenergic and orexinergic fibers are found in BLA. In this study, the effects of both adrenergic and orexinergic systems were investigated on the amygdala function. To this end, the selective beta 2 adrenergic agonist (clenbuterol) and orexin receptors' antagonists (OX1R and OX2R, SB-334867-A and TCS-OX2-29, respectively) were administered into the BLA, then the high frequency stimulation (200-Hz) was applied to the perforant pathway and the synaptic plasticity of the dentate granular cells was studied in anaesthetized rats. Clenbuterol injection into the BLA enhanced the population spike (PS) component of LTP in the dentate gyrus (DG), as compared to that observed after dimethyl sulfoxide treatment. In addition, after orexin 1 or 2 receptor antagonists (SB-334867-A and TCS-OX2-29, respectively) injecting into the BLA, the enhancing effect of clenbuterol on PS was reduced. Moreover, the population excitatory post-synaptic potential also decreased in the SB-clenbuterol and TCS- clenbuterol experimental groups. However, the PS amplitude was also decreased in the group treated only by SB or TCS relative to the clenbuterol treated group. The PS amplitude or EPSP slope in the groups treated by both application of orexin receptors' antagonists and clenbuterol was considerably lower relative to the groups treated only by orexin receptors' antagonists. It is concluded that the BLA orexinergic system modulates hippocampal plasticity in relation with the adrenergic system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vida Hojati
- Department of Biology, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Akbari
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; Immunogenetics Research Center, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Simin Ehsani
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Takeshi Sakurai
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Motahareh Rouhi Ardeshiri
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; Immunogenetics Research Center, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
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Noorani SK, Hojati V, Ardeshiri MR, Akbari E, Ehsani S. Modulation of long-term and short-term plasticity in the dentate gyrus granule cells by activating the β-adrenergic receptors of the basolateral amygdala. Neurosci Lett 2020; 725:134878. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.134878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Abstract
Neuropharmacological interventions in preclinical translational models of impulsivity have tremendously contributed to a better understanding of the neurochemistry and neural basis of impulsive behaviour. In this regard, much progress has been made over the last years, also due to the introduction of novel techniques in behavioural neuroscience such as optogenetics and chemogenetics. In this chapter, we will provide an update of how the behavioural pharmacology field has progressed and built upon existing data since an earlier review we wrote in 2008. To this aim, we will first give a brief background on preclinical translational models of impulsivity. Next, recent interesting evidence of monoaminergic modulation of impulsivity will be highlighted with a focus on the neurotransmitters dopamine and noradrenaline. Finally, we will close the chapter by discussing some novel directions and drug leads in the neuropharmacological modulation of impulsivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommy Pattij
- Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Louk J M J Vanderschuren
- Division of Behavioural Neuroscience, Department of Animals in Science and Society, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Stowell RD, Sipe GO, Dawes RP, Batchelor HN, Lordy KA, Whitelaw BS, Stoessel MB, Bidlack JM, Brown E, Sur M, Majewska AK. Noradrenergic signaling in the wakeful state inhibits microglial surveillance and synaptic plasticity in the mouse visual cortex. Nat Neurosci 2019; 22:1782-1792. [PMID: 31636451 PMCID: PMC6875777 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-019-0514-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Microglia are the brain's resident innate immune cells and also have a role in synaptic plasticity. Microglial processes continuously survey the brain parenchyma, interact with synaptic elements and maintain tissue homeostasis. However, the mechanisms that control surveillance and its role in synaptic plasticity are poorly understood. Microglial dynamics in vivo have been primarily studied in anesthetized animals. Here we report that microglial surveillance and injury response are reduced in awake mice as compared to anesthetized mice, suggesting that arousal state modulates microglial function. Pharmacologic stimulation of β2-adrenergic receptors recapitulated these observations and disrupted experience-dependent plasticity, and these effects required the presence of β2-adrenergic receptors in microglia. These results indicate that microglial roles in surveillance and synaptic plasticity in the mouse brain are modulated by noradrenergic tone fluctuations between arousal states and emphasize the need to understand the effect of disruptions of adrenergic signaling in neurodevelopment and neuropathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rianne D Stowell
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Grayson O Sipe
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ryan P Dawes
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Hanna N Batchelor
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Katheryn A Lordy
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Brendan S Whitelaw
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Mark B Stoessel
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Jean M Bidlack
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Edward Brown
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Mriganka Sur
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ania K Majewska
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA. .,Center for Visual Science, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
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