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Comparison of Inflation and Ventilation with Hydrogen Sulfide during the Warm Ischemia Phase on Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in a Rat Model of Non-Heart-Beating Donor Lung Transplantation. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 2023:3645304. [PMID: 36778057 PMCID: PMC9911243 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3645304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Donor lung ventilation and inflation during the warm ischemia could attenuate ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) after lung transplantation. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), as a kind of protective gas, has demonstrated the antilung IRI effect. This study is aimed at observing the different methods of administering H2S in the setting of warm ischemia, ventilation, and inflation on the lung graft from a rat non-heart-beating donor. After 1 h of cardiac arrest, donor lungs in situ were inflated with 80 ppm H2S (FS group), ventilated with 80 ppm H2S (VS group), or deflated (control group) for 2 h. Then, the lung transplantation was performed after 3 h cold ischemia. The rats without ischemia and reperfusion were in the sham group. Pulmonary surfactant in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was measured in donor lung. The inflammatory response, cell apoptosis, and lung graft function were assessed at 3 h after reperfusion. The lung injury was exacerbated in the control group, which was attenuated significantly after the H2S treatment. Compared with the FS group, the pulmonary surfactant in the donor was deteriorated, the lung oxygenation function was decreased, and the inflammatory response and cell apoptosis were increased in the graft in the VS group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, H2S inflation during the warm ischemia phase improved the function of lung graft via regulating pulmonary surfactant stability and decreased the lung graft IRI via decreasing the inflammatory response and cell apoptosis.
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Ali A, Pettenuzzo T, Ramadan K, Farrell A, Di Nardo M, Liu M, Keshavjee S, Fan E, Cypel M, Del Sorbo L. Surfactant therapy in lung transplantation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Transplant Rev (Orlando) 2021; 35:100637. [PMID: 34224988 DOI: 10.1016/j.trre.2021.100637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite numerous reports demonstrating the efficacy of exogenous surfactant therapy during lung transplantation, this strategy remains absent in routine clinical use. Here, we systematically review and meta-analyze the effect of exogenous surfactant on respiratory pathophysiological variables during lung transplantation. METHODS To identify relevant clinical and pre-clinical studies, we performed an electronic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane CENTRAL from inception to June 11, 2021. In addition, research-in-progress databases were searched. Randomized and non-randomized adult and pediatric clinical studies and animal experiments that compared the use of surfactant for lung transplantation with a control group were included. The primary outcome was the ratio of arterial oxygen partial pressure to fractional inspired oxygen (PaO2/FiO2 ratio). RESULTS From 1,041 citations, we identified 35 studies, of which 6 were clinical studies and 29 were pre-clinical. Thirty-two studies were included in the quantitative analysis. The administration of surfactant therapy during clinical lung transplantation significantly improved PaO2/FiO2 ratio in recipients (mean difference [MD] 93 mmHg, 95% confidence interval [CI] 25-160 mmHg, p < 0.01). Similar results were seen in pre-clinical settings (MD 201 mmHg, 95% CI 145-256 mmHg, p < 0.01). Moreover, surfactant benefited a range of important physiologic and biologic outcomes after preclinical lung transplantation. The overall certainty of evidence was very low. CONCLUSIONS Exogenous surfactant therapy improves post-transplant lung function; however, its effects on clinical outcomes remain uncertain. High-quality randomized controlled trials are needed to determine whether the physiologic benefits of surfactant therapy affect patient-important outcomes in lung transplant recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aadil Ali
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, University Health Network, University of Toronto, MaRS Discovery District, 101 College St, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada.
| | - Tommaso Pettenuzzo
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University Health Network, University of Toronto, 204 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1T8, Canada.
| | - Khaled Ramadan
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, University Health Network, University of Toronto, MaRS Discovery District, 101 College St, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada.
| | - Ashley Farrell
- Library & Information Services, University Health Network, 101 College St, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada.
| | - Matteo Di Nardo
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, University Health Network, University of Toronto, MaRS Discovery District, 101 College St, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada.
| | - Mingyao Liu
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, University Health Network, University of Toronto, MaRS Discovery District, 101 College St, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada.
| | - Shaf Keshavjee
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, University Health Network, University of Toronto, MaRS Discovery District, 101 College St, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada; Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, 200 Elizabeth St, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2C4, Canada.
| | - Eddy Fan
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University Health Network, University of Toronto, 204 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1T8, Canada.
| | - Marcelo Cypel
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, University Health Network, University of Toronto, MaRS Discovery District, 101 College St, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada; Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, 200 Elizabeth St, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2C4, Canada.
| | - Lorenzo Del Sorbo
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, University Health Network, University of Toronto, MaRS Discovery District, 101 College St, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada; Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University Health Network, University of Toronto, 204 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1T8, Canada.
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Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Lung Transplantation. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061333. [PMID: 34071255 PMCID: PMC8228304 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung transplantation has been established worldwide as the last treatment for end-stage respiratory failure. However, ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI) inevitably occurs after lung transplantation. The most severe form of IRI leads to primary graft failure, which is an important cause of morbidity and mortality after lung transplantation. IRI may also induce rejection, which is the main cause of mortality in recipients. Despite advances in donor management and graft preservation, most donor grafts are still unsuitable for transplantation. Although the pulmonary endothelium is the primary target site of IRI, the pathophysiology of lung IRI remains incompletely understood. It is essential to understand the mechanism of pulmonary IRI to improve the outcomes of lung transplantation. Therefore, we reviewed the state-of-the-art in the management of pulmonary IRI after lung transplantation. Recently, the ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) system has been clinically introduced worldwide. Various promising therapeutic strategies for the protection of the endothelium against IRI, including EVLP, inhalation therapy with therapeutic gases and substances, fibrinolytic treatment, and mesenchymal stromal cell therapy, are awaiting clinical application. We herein review the latest advances in the field of pulmonary IRI in lung transplantation.
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Bertani A, Miceli V, De Monte L, Occhipinti G, Pagano V, Liotta R, Badami E, Tuzzolino F, Arcadipane A. Donor Preconditioning with Inhaled Sevoflurane Mitigates the Effects of Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in a Swine Model of Lung Transplantation. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6625955. [PMID: 33506025 PMCID: PMC7815409 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6625955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Primary graft dysfunction (PGD) and ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) occur in up to 30% of patients undergoing lung transplantation and may impact on the clinical outcome. Several strategies for the prevention and treatment of PGD have been proposed, but with limited use in clinical practice. In this study, we investigate the potential application of sevoflurane (SEV) preconditioning to mitigate IRI after lung transplantation. The study included two groups of swines (preconditioned and not preconditioned with SEV) undergoing left lung transplantation after 24-hour of cold ischemia. Recipients' data was collected for 6 hours after reperfusion. Outcome analysis included assessment of ventilatory, hemodynamic, and hemogasanalytic parameters, evaluation of cellularity and cytokines in BAL samples, and histological analysis of tissue samples. Hemogasanalytic, hemodynamic, and respiratory parameters were significantly favorable, and the histological score showed less inflammatory and fibrotic injury in animals receiving SEV treatment. BAL cellular and cytokine profiling showed an anti-inflammatory pattern in animals receiving SEV compared to controls. In a swine model of lung transplantation after prolonged cold ischemia, SEV showed to mitigate the adverse effects of ischemia/reperfusion and to improve animal survival. Given the low cost and easy applicability, the administration of SEV in lung donors may be more extensively explored in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Bertani
- 1Division of Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplantation, Department for the Treatment and Study of Cardiothoracic Diseases and Cardiothoracic Transplantation, IRCCS-ISMETT, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Lavinia De Monte
- 1Division of Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplantation, Department for the Treatment and Study of Cardiothoracic Diseases and Cardiothoracic Transplantation, IRCCS-ISMETT, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giovanna Occhipinti
- 3Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, IRCCS-ISMETT, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Rosa Liotta
- 5Department of Pathology, IRCCS-ISMETT, Palermo, Italy
| | - Ester Badami
- 4Fondazione Ri.MED, Palermo, Italy
- 6Department of Laboratory Medicine and Advanced Biotechnologies, IRCCS-ISMETT, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Arcadipane
- 3Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, IRCCS-ISMETT, Palermo, Italy
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Yang P, Yang N, Zhang X, Xu X. The significance and mechanism of propofol on treatment of ischemia reperfusion induced lung injury in rats. Cell Biochem Biophys 2015; 70:1527-32. [PMID: 25074530 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-014-0088-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
This study is aimed to investigate the efficacy and underlying the mechanism of propofol in treatment of ischemia reperfusion (IR)-induced lung injury in rats, providing a novel insight of therapeutic strategy for IR-induced lung injury. 120 healthy SD rats were selected and randomly divided into sham operation group, IR group, and propofol group (40 rats per group). Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) protein content, serum protein content, lung permeability index, lung water content rate, methane dicarboxylic aldehyde (MDA) in lung tissue, superoxide dismutase (SOD), nitric oxide (NO), endothelin (ET-1), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), nuclear factor (NF-κB), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were examined and compared among different groups to evaluate the therapeutical effects of propofol on IR-induced lung injury and analyze the mechanism. In sham operation group, neither change in lung tissue nor pulmonary interstitial edema or alveolar wall damage was found under microscope; in IR group, marked pulmonary interstitial edema and alveolar wall damage complicated with inflammatory cell infiltration and hemorrhage were found; in propofol group, alveolar wall widening was observed, however, hemorrhage in alveolar cavity, inflammatory infiltration and tissue damage were less significant than in IR group. At 3 h after reperfusion, BALF protein content, lung permeability index, and lung water content rate were all significantly increased in IR group and propofol group, while the serum protein content was significantly lower than sham operation group (p < 0.05). Moreover, we found that the change of above parameters in propofol group was less significant than in IR group (p < 0.05). No statistically significant difference was found in ET-1 levels in different groups (p > 0.05). In contrast, MDA and NO in IR group and propofol group were significantly increased, while SOD activity was significantly decreased (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the change of above parameters in propofol group was less significant than in IR group (p < 0.05). In addition, mRNAs of TLR4, NF-κB, and TNF-α were significantly increased in IR group and propofol group (p < 0.05) with more significant change in IR group compared with propofol group (p < 0.05). Propofol has protective effects against IR-induced lung injury by improving activity of oxygen radical and restoring NO/ET-1 dynamic balance. Besides, regulation of TLR4, NF-κB, and TNF-α by propofol also play important role in alleviating IR-induced lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
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