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Kallerhult Hermansson S, Kasén A, Hilli Y, Norström F, Vaag JR, Bölenius K. Exploring registered nurses' perspectives as mentors for newly qualified nurses: a qualitative interview study. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e082940. [PMID: 38803253 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-082940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Existing research has focused mostly on mentees' experiences of mentoring rather than mentors' experiences. Therefore, this study describes registered nurses' experiences of being a mentor for newly qualified nurses. DESIGN A qualitative interview study based on semistructured individual interviews. Interviews were analysed using qualitative content analysis. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING A purposive sample of experienced registered nurses (n=21) from healthcare units in northern Sweden and northern Norway. Inclusion criteria were to have been a mentor to at least one newly qualified nurse, hold permanent employment of 75%-100% as a registered nurse and to be able to communicate in Swedish or Norwegian. RESULTS Our study's findings suggest that being a mentor plays a crucial role in establishing safety in complex work environments. The main theme consists of three themes: feeling motivated in being a mentor; continuously developing the learning environment; and navigating obstacles and cultivating support. CONCLUSION Being a mentor is a complicated role for registered nurses. The mentoring role is beneficial-ie, positive and rewarding-if facilitated sufficiently in the context of a structured organisation. This study brings a more profound understanding of and provides new insights into registered nurses' perspectives and needs regarding being a mentor and the study's findings make an important contribution to the field of nursing regarding the facilitation of mentoring.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anne Kasén
- Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Nord University, Bodö, Norway
| | - Yvonne Hilli
- Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Nord University, Bodö, Norway
| | - Fredrik Norström
- Department of Epidemiology and Global Health, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Brown JA, Capper T, Hegney D, Donovan H, Williamson M, Calleja P, Solomons T, Wilson S. Individual and environmental factors that influence longevity of newcomers to nursing and midwifery: a scoping review. JBI Evid Synth 2024; 22:753-789. [PMID: 37661721 DOI: 10.11124/jbies-22-00367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this review was to identify the literature and map the individual and environmental factors that influence registered nurses' and midwives' decision to stay or leave their professions within the first 3 years of practice. INTRODUCTION Nursing and midwifery workforce sustainability is an international concern. One aspect is the retention of new registered nurses and midwives in their first years of practice. Several factors are thought to influence the decisions of new registered nurses and midwives to leave or stay in their professions. This review sought to identify and map those factors to enable further research for workforce sustainability development strategies. INCLUSION CRITERIA The study cohort included registered nurses and midwives in their first 3 years of practice, which we called newcomers . Nurses who were required to work under the supervision of registered nurses and midwives (ie, enrolled nurses, licensed practical nurses, and licensed vocational nurses) were excluded. Papers were included only if they explored individual or environmental factors influencing nurses' decision to stay in or leave the professions of nursing or midwifery. Studies could be from any country or care environment, and participants were newcomers providing direct clinical care. Newcomers employed in other health roles, such as education, research, administration, or non-nursing/midwifery roles, were excluded. All research designs and peer-reviewed papers were included; policy documents were excluded. The date of inclusion was from the earliest publication on this topic, which was 1974, to the date of the search. METHODS The JBI methodology for scoping reviews was followed, and reporting followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidance. The search strategy aimed to locate published and unpublished primary studies, reviews, and text and opinion papers. The initial search of relevant databases was conducted in January 2020 and updated in January 2022. Reference lists of included articles were also screened. Following data extraction, descriptive qualitative content analysis was undertaken. RESULTS Twelve articles from 11 studies were included in this review. They were published between 2005 and 2020, and originated from 5 countries. Two studies were observational, 3 were cross-sectional, 5 were longitudinal studies, 1 was a pre- and post-program evaluation, and 1 was a scoping review. All studies focused on registered nurses; no publications on registered midwives met the inclusion criteria. Individual factors we identified that impact newcomers' intention to stay in or leave the profession included physical and psychological health, professional identity, professional commitment, and development. Environmental factors included workplace culture, engagement, and management. CONCLUSIONS Professional self-image, identity, and a sense of pride in the profession are important components of newcomer retention. Strategies that positively support transition to practice and create realistic expectations were highlighted. Managers play an important role in registered nurse retention, as they can influence many of the newcomers' experiences. It is concerning that no studies about newcomer midwives were found. Many studies explored turnover or intention to leave the job/employer rather than the profession. These are important considerations for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tanya Capper
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Sciences, CQ University Australia, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Desley Hegney
- Adelaide Nursing School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Helen Donovan
- Faculty of Health, School of Nursing, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Moira Williamson
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Sciences, CQ University Australia, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Pauline Calleja
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Sciences, CQ University Australia, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Terena Solomons
- The Western Australian Group for Evidence-Informed Healthcare Practice: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Sally Wilson
- The Western Australian Group for Evidence-Informed Healthcare Practice: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
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Kakyo TA, Xiao LD, Chamberlain D. The role of motivation in the initiation and maintening mentoring relationships among nurses and midwives. Int Nurs Rev 2024. [PMID: 38683142 DOI: 10.1111/inr.12977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
AIM To understand clinicians' motivations to engage in mentoring to support newly graduated nurses and midwives working in hospital settings. BACKGROUND Nursing and midwifery literature has established the benefits of mentoring and challenges that affect the effectiveness of formal mentoring programmes. No studies have explored hospital nurses' and midwives' motivations to mentor in the absence of the obligatory status and associated rewards of institutionalised mentoring. METHODS A qualitative descriptive study with 35 nurses and midwives working in three public hospitals in the western, northern and northwestern parts of Uganda. Data were collected using semistructured interviews. Reflexive thematic analysis was applied to interpret the data. We have adhered to COREQ reporting guidelines. RESULTS The study revealed three salient themes that capture nursing and midwifery professionals' mentoring perspectives. Participants expressed confidence in their inherent mentoring capacities and were often motivated by a desire to reciprocate prior mentoring experiences. Their mentoring approaches varied between self-focused and other-focused motivations, with some overlap in perspectives on hierarchical versus relational mentoring. Across the board, there was a strong consensus on the need of mentoring for individual clinicians, healthcare institutions and the broader profession. The study highlights five opportunities that can be harnessed to design future mentoring programmes. CONCLUSIONS The findings delineate a complex interplay between self-centred and altruistic mentoring motivations, aligning with hierarchical or mutually beneficial mentoring paradigms. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING POLICY Nurse managers should tailor mentoring programmes to align with these intrinsic motivations, affirm the enduring need for mentoring, and leverage existing institutional resources to create both acceptable and efficient mentoring frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy Alexis Kakyo
- Flinders University, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Caring Futures Institute, Adelaide, Australia
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Muni University, Arua, Uganda
| | - Lily Dongxia Xiao
- Flinders University, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Caring Futures Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Diane Chamberlain
- Flinders University, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Caring Futures Institute, Adelaide, Australia
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Jeffery J, Rogers S, Redley B, Searby A. Nurse manager support of graduate nurse development of work readiness: An integrative review. J Clin Nurs 2023; 32:5712-5736. [PMID: 36945129 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
AIM To systematically review relevant literature to identify how Nurse Managers support graduate nurse work readiness. BACKGROUND Graduate nurses face many difficulties when transitioning from student to qualified nurse. Nurse managers establish workplace culture through leadership styles, yet little is known about how they can best support graduate nurses to transition to professional practice in the acute hospital environment. DESIGN A five-step, systematic integrative review reported in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 Checklist. METHODS The steps of the review method included (1) problem identification, (2) literature search, (3) data evaluation and quality appraisal, (4) data extraction and analysis and (5) presentation. Analysis used the Framework method and was guided by theory of graduate nurse work readiness and the Theoretical Domains Framework. DATA SOURCES MEDLINE COMPLETE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health (CINAHL) Complete, ERIC and PSYCINFO searched in December 2020. RESULTS Studies eligible for inclusion (N = 40) represented research from 15 countries; most (67.5%, n = 27) used a qualitative design, 22.5% (n = 9) were quantitative and 10% (n = 4) used mixed methods. Three themes related to the social constructs and local area work environments influenced by nurse managers emerged: supporting people, supportive environment and supporting learning. CONCLUSION The review identified a lack of robust evidence about the effectiveness of specific nurse manager-led strategies to support development of graduate work readiness. However, the findings provide a framework to guide nurse managers in supporting graduate nurses and provide a foundation for further research about nurse manager roles in developing graduate work readiness. IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PROFESSION OR PATIENT CARE Previous research has described poor transition of graduate nurses as responsible for increased workplace errors, decreased job satisfaction and high rates of attrition. Exploring the role of nurse managers in graduate nurse transition is essential to ensure quality patient care and a sustainable workforce. IMPACT What Problem Did the Study Address? Graduate nurses face many difficulties when transitioning from student to qualified nurse. Nurse managers establish workplace culture through leadership styles, yet little is known about how they can best support graduate nurses to transition to professional practice in the acute hospital environment. What Were the Main Findings? High rates of attrition are attributed to poor support during the initial transition phase of graduate nurses. Nurse managers can impact transition by providing a supportive environment, support learning and by providing a team of supportive people. Where and on whom will the research have an impact? The research will have an impact on graduate nurses and nurse managers. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION No patient or public contribution (integrative review exploring existing literature). This integrative review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021213142).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqui Jeffery
- Monash Health, Victoria, Clayton, 246 Clayton Rd, Australia
| | - Stacey Rogers
- Monash Health, Victoria, Clayton, 246 Clayton Rd, Australia
| | - Bernice Redley
- Deakin University School of Nursing and Midwifery, Centre for Quality and Patient Safety-Monash Health Partnership, Victoria, Burwood, 221 Burwood Hwy, Australia
| | - Adam Searby
- Deakin University School of Nursing and Midwifery, Institute for Health Transformation, Victoria, Burwood, 221 Burwood Hwy, Australia
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Deng S, Mao X, Meng X, Yu L, Xie F, Huang G, Duan Z. A comparison of Knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of nurses on nursing Post-stroke dysphagia patients between iii-A and ii-A hospitals in China: a propensity score-matched analysis. BMC Nurs 2022; 21:171. [PMID: 35768870 PMCID: PMC9241219 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-022-00950-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Whether knowledge, attitude and practice of nurses on nursing post-stroke dysphagia patients varies between different ranking hospitals is still unknown. This study aimed to compare the knowledge, attitude and practice level of nurses on nursing post-stroke dysphagia patients between iii-A and ii-A hospitals in China. Design A cross-sectional study design was used. Methods Data were collected from eighteen hospitals in Wuhan, Hubei in May–July 2020, and a total of 824 nurses were recruited by convenient sampling. After propensity score matching, 205 participants in iii-A hospitals were matched with 205 participants in ii-A hospitals. Results There were no statistically differences in the socio-demographic characteristics between two groups after propensity score matching. Before matching, the regression coefficients between hospital ranking and knowledge, attitude, practice were -0.415, -0.718 and -1.855, respectively. After matching, the coefficients changed to -0.394, -0.824 and -1.278. Nurses from iii-A hospitals had higher knowledge and attitude scores than nurses from ii-A hospitals, but no significant practice scores difference was observed between various rankings of hospitals. Conclusions The KAP of nurses on nursing post-stroke dysphagia patients were different in iii-A and ii-A hospitals. Administrators should strengthen management, provide more learning resources and trainings to meet nurses’ needs about methods to deal with and recognize dysphagia, so as to further improve the quality of post-stroke dysphagia management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumin Deng
- Department of Clinical Data Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolan Mao
- Neurology department, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xianmei Meng
- Wuhan University School of Nursing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Liping Yu
- Wuhan University School of Nursing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fei Xie
- Neurology department, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guiling Huang
- Neurology department, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhizhou Duan
- Preventive Health Service, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
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Prevalence of horizontal violence of nurses in their first year of practice: A systematic review. Collegian 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colegn.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Kakyo TA, Xiao LD, Chamberlain D. Benefits and challenges for hospital nurses engaged in formal mentoring programs: A systematic integrated review. Int Nurs Rev 2021; 69:229-238. [PMID: 34820833 DOI: 10.1111/inr.12730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To explore the overall benefits and challenges for the mentee, the mentor, and the hospital (stakeholders) in hospital-sponsored mentoring programs. BACKGROUND Formal mentoring programs are widely used to assist nurses to adapt to clinical practice, facilitate their career development, and improve workforce retention. However, the overall benefits and challenges for stakeholders involved in formal mentoring programs remain largely unknown due to a lack of systematic reviews to synthesize relevant studies in this important area. DESIGN A systematic integrated review. DATA SOURCES A systematic search of six databases including CINAHL, Web of Science, MEDLINE, Scopus, Science Direct, and ProQuest was undertaken. REVIEW METHODS Studies that met the inclusion criteria were assessed for methodological quality using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools. Findings from qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-methods studies were extracted and synthesized thematically using a convergent synthesis method. RESULTS Twenty-two original studies were included in the review. Findings are presented under five themes: the benefits for mentees, the benefits for mentors, the benefits for the hospital, challenges perceived by mentees and mentors, and mismatched mentor-mentee pairs. CONCLUSION Mentoring programs that build on reciprocal relationships among mentees and mentors generate substantial benefits for all if mentees are able to navigate the challenges of the complex and dynamic nature of the clinical practice environment. Organizational support is important in overcoming these challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy Alexis Kakyo
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.,Faculty of Health Science, Muni University, Arua, Uganda
| | - Lily Dongxia Xiao
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Diane Chamberlain
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
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Austin C, Halpin Y. Evaluation of a personal professional mentor scheme for newly qualified nurses. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 30:672-676. [PMID: 34109820 DOI: 10.12968/bjon.2021.30.11.672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Newly qualified nurses are known to experience a range of feelings and fears in the first transitional 12 months post-qualifying, with absence and turnover among potential outcomes. AIM To evaluate the personal professional mentor role and scheme, a new pastoral support initiative, from the perspective of participating newly qualified nurses. METHODS Newly qualified paediatric nurses (n=10), who had been assigned a personal professional mentor (an experienced nurse who worked elsewhere in their employing NHS Trust), completed a semi-structured interview. The data were analysed using thematic analysis. FINDINGS The personal professional mentor counteracted some aspects of transition isolation for the newly qualified nurses. They were an independent, accessible, experienced confidant and a welcome new supportive role. CONCLUSION Pairing experienced nurses with newly qualified nurses provided a new type of workplace support during transition. Inexpensive to set up and run, it is an easy addition to any portfolio of support strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Austin
- Paediatric Practice Development Nurse, Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London
| | - Yvonne Halpin
- Associate Professor (Practice Learning), Institute of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University, London
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