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Ishii Y, Iida T, Honda-Sakaki M, Yoshida K, Svensson P, Komiyama O. Comparison of masticatory muscle activity between young adults and elderly participants using a novel standardized bite device. J Dent 2024; 143:104887. [PMID: 38360395 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.104887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Standardized bite training is required to prevent oral hypofunction in elderly individuals. We aimed to compare masticatory muscle activity between 24 young adults and 16 pre-elderly individuals during a biting task using a novel standardized bite device (BD). METHODS The BD was made of silicone rubber and included a high-force or low-force plate spring or no plate spring (dummy). The compressive stiffness of the material in each BD was measured using a texture analyzer. All participants performed a biting task 50-times at a rate of 1/s each using the three types of BDs on the right first molar. Electromyographic (EMG) activity was recorded bilaterally from the masseter and temporalis muscles. The variability of each biting training session was calculated as the coefficient of variance (CV) from the EMG activity during each biting task for each muscle. Masticatory muscle fatigue was assessed using a numerical rating scale (NRS). RESULTS Compressive stiffness was significantly different between each BD (P < 0.001). The CV and NRS scores were not significantly different between the groups. The EMG activities during each bite task in all muscles were not significantly different for any measurement item between the age groups. The EMG activities of high- and low-force BDs in the right temporalis (ipsilateral) muscle were significantly higher than those of the dummy BD (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Compressive stiffness of the BD affected EMG activity only in the ipsilateral temporalis muscle, but not in the masseter or contralateral temporalis muscles, without any age effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Ishii
- Department of Oral Function and Fixed Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1, Sakaecho-nishi, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan; Section for Orofacial Pain and Jaw Function, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Takashi Iida
- Department of Oral Function and Fixed Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1, Sakaecho-nishi, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan.
| | - Mika Honda-Sakaki
- Department of Anatomy, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Yoshida
- Department of Oral Function and Fixed Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1, Sakaecho-nishi, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan; Section for Orofacial Pain and Jaw Function, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Peter Svensson
- Section for Orofacial Pain and Jaw Function, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Denmark; Scandinavian Center for Orofacial Neurosciences (SCON), Aarhus, Denmark; Faculty of Dentistry, Malmø University, Sweden
| | - Osamu Komiyama
- Department of Oral Function and Fixed Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1, Sakaecho-nishi, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan
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Li X, Tao Y, Li H, Huang Z, Li Y, Gao Z, Zhu W, Li X, Yu Y. Periodontitis is associated with altered brain structure and function in normal cognition middle-aged and elderly individuals. J Periodontal Res 2024; 59:299-310. [PMID: 38014515 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies have proposed that periodontitis is a potential risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. However, the association between periodontitis and brain normal cognition in aged and elderly individuals (NCs) is unclear. Such a link could provide clues to Alzheimer's disease development and strategies for early prevention. OBJECTIVE To explore the associations between periodontal condition and metrics of both brain structure and function among NCs with the help of multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHODS High-resolution T1-weighted structural data, resting-state functional-MRI data, and measures of periodontal condition were collected from 40 NCs. Cortical volume, thickness, and area as well as regional homogeneity were calculated with the aid of DPABISurf software. Correlation analyses were then conducted between each imaging metric and periodontal index. RESULTS Consistent negative correlations were observed between severity of periodontitis (mild, moderate, severe) and cortical volume, area, and thickness, not only in brain regions that took charge of primary function but also in brain regions associated with advanced cognition behavior. Among participants with mild attachment loss (AL) and a shallow periodontal pocket depth (PPD), periodontal index was positively correlated with most measures of brain structure and function, while among participants with severe AL and deep PPD, periodontal index was negatively correlated with measures of brain structure and function (all p < .005 for each hemisphere). CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that periodontitis is associated with widespread changes in brain structure and function among middle-aged and elderly adults without signs of cognitive decline, which might be a potential risk factor for brain damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshu Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yufei Tao
- Department of Periodontics, Hefei Stomatological Clinic College, Anhui Medical University & Hefei Stomatological Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ziang Huang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuqing Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ziwen Gao
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wanqiu Zhu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaohu Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yongqiang Yu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Sin JE, Kim HS, Hwang I, Noh M. Age-group-specific association of oral health and systemic health on cognitive function: a cross-sectional study of Korean elders. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:997. [PMID: 38093280 PMCID: PMC10720108 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03724-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the importance of oral and systemic healthcare for elderly people is increasing owing to the rapid ageing of the population in South Korea, studies on the relationship between oral health, systemic health, and cognitive function, as well as on the prediction of cognitive function by oral and systemic health depending upon age groups are lacking. METHODS We included 5,975 out of 6,488 participants from the 8th wave of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA) panel data, divided the participants into three age groups, and performed a hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis to explain cognitive function with four types of predictors: oral health status, sociodemographic factors, objective health status, and subjective health status. RESULTS Oral health status was positively correlated with systemic health status and cognitive function. Of all ages over 54, cognitive function was significantly predicted by oral health variables, such as the number of functional teeth, masticatory ability, and Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI); sociodemographic variables, such as age, sex, education level, and residence; and systemic health variables, such as diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, cancer or malignant tumours, cerebrovascular disease and rheumatoid arthritis, depressive symptom, and self-rated health status. Oral health variables explained cognitive function differently by age group; GOHAI appeared important predictor in the group aged < 75 years, whereas the number of functional teeth did in the group aged ≥ 75 years. Educational level, masticatory ability, depressive symptoms, and self-rated health status were pivotal factors age-independently. CONCLUSIONS The general and age-group-specific association between oral health, systemic health, and cognitive function were confirmed, suggesting that age-group-specific oral healthcare should be emphasized for the effective management of systemic and cognitive health in the elderly group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Eun Sin
- Apple Tree Institute of Biomedical Science, Apple Tree Medical Foundation, 1450 Jungang-ro, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- Apple Tree Dental Hospital, Apple Tree Medical Foundation, 1450 Jungang-ro, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Sung Kim
- Apple Tree Institute of Biomedical Science, Apple Tree Medical Foundation, 1450 Jungang-ro, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- Apple Tree Dental Hospital, Apple Tree Medical Foundation, 1450 Jungang-ro, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Inseong Hwang
- Apple Tree Institute of Biomedical Science, Apple Tree Medical Foundation, 1450 Jungang-ro, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
- Apple Tree Dental Hospital, Apple Tree Medical Foundation, 1450 Jungang-ro, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
| | - Miwha Noh
- DOCSmedi OralBiome Co., Ltd, 143 Gangseong-ro, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
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Chen Y, Li C, Fan Y, Jiao L, Silverman M, Ishimaru M, Wang J, Van Pelt AJ, Wang R. Associations of oral health status and swallowing function with cognitive impairment in the aging population: a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:912. [PMID: 37993856 PMCID: PMC10666324 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03640-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships of oral health status and swallowing function with cognitive impairment in community-dwelling older adults from Changsha, Hunan Province, China. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed the data of 215 participants aged ≥ 50 years which were retrieved from the Xiangya and Panasonic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) Study, a community-based study conducted among the residents of the urban areas of Hunan province in China. Demographic information of all participants was collected. We determined oral function by evaluating oral hygiene, oral dryness, occlusal force, tongue pressure, chewing function, swallowing function, remaining teeth number, and other indicators. The mini-mental state examination (MMSE) was used to screen for cognitive function. The relationship between each oral function evaluation item and cognitive function was investigated using correlation analysis. The associations between oral health status and swallowing function with cognitive impairment were inferred using multiple regression analysis. RESULTS The general characteristics of participants showed statistically significant correlation coefficients in number of teeth remaining (p = 0.003) and number of teeth lost (p < 0.0001). Almost half of the 25 participants (48%) were aged from 70-80 years. Only 25 older adults (11.6% of the participants) were determined to have cognitive impairment by MMSE sores less than 24. Tongue pressure in male participants was the only significant independent variable that was associated with cognitive impairment (p = 0.01971). The results indicate that male participants with lower MMSE scores had a relative deficiency in tongue pressure. CONCLUSIONS In this cross-sectional study, the oral health status and swallowing function of participants were in relatively good condition and showed low correlations with cognitive impairment. However, lower tongue pressures were associated with lower MMSE scores in males, indicating it could serve as a novel oral function index for evaluating cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Chen
- Laboratory of Food Oral Processing, School of Food Science & Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Canyang Li
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Speech and Language Pathology Therapy Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yongmei Fan
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lili Jiao
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital, of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Matthew Silverman
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | | | - Jing Wang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Alice J Van Pelt
- Section of Gastroenterology, Jr. VA Hospital, Edward Hines, Hines, IL, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Rumi Wang
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Speech and Language Pathology Therapy Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Mizutani S, Matsuzaki H, Iyota K, Tani A, Oku S, Tabuchi H, Fujiwara A, Hase-Tamaru S, Kishimoto H, Narazaki K. Changes of Oral and Physical Functions in Older Japanese Who Participated in Keyboard Harmonica and Exercise Classes during COVID-19-Related Movement Restrictions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3700. [PMID: 36834392 PMCID: PMC9961220 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Many older people have restricted activities or movements because of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which causes concerns about secondary health problems. This study aimed to investigate how frailty-prevention activities implemented by local governments have changed the health of community-dwelling older people during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this observational study, the participants were 23 older Japanese people who took part in keyboard harmonica or exercise classes in 2021. Oral function examination and physical function tests were conducted at baseline and after 10 months of follow-up. In each class, the participants met 15 times and worked on assignments at home. The results showed that oral diadochokinesis/pa/, which represents lip dexterity, improved during 10 months (from 6.6 to 6.8 times/s, p < 0.046); however, grip strength (p < 0.005) and total skeletal muscle mass (p < 0.017) decreased in the keyboard harmonica group. In the exercise group, a statistically significant difference was found only in grip strength, which decreased (p < 0.003). The oral and physical functions of older people who participated in frailty-prevention activities implemented by local governments characteristically changed. Moreover, activity restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic may have caused decreased grip strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinsuke Mizutani
- Section of Geriatric Dentistry and Perioperative Medicine in Dentistry, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- OBT Research Center, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hideaki Matsuzaki
- Department of Rehabilitation Center, Fukuoka Mirai Hospital, 5-1 Kashiiteriha, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 813-0017, Japan
- Department of Behavior and Health Sciences, Graduate School of Human–Environment Studies, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kiyomi Iyota
- Section of Geriatric Dentistry and Perioperative Medicine in Dentistry, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Asuka Tani
- Section of Geriatric Dentistry and Perioperative Medicine in Dentistry, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Saori Oku
- Section of Geriatric Dentistry and Perioperative Medicine in Dentistry, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Tabuchi
- Section of Geriatric Dentistry and Perioperative Medicine in Dentistry, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Akiko Fujiwara
- Section of Geriatric Dentistry and Perioperative Medicine in Dentistry, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Shizuka Hase-Tamaru
- Department of Life, Environment and Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, Fukuoka Institute of Technology, 3-30-1 Wajiro-higashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 811-0295, Japan
| | - Hiro Kishimoto
- Department of Behavior and Health Sciences, Graduate School of Human–Environment Studies, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kenji Narazaki
- Center for Liberal Arts, Fukuoka Institute of Technology, 3-30-1 Wajiro-higashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 811-0295, Japan
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Larvin H, Gao C, Kang J, Aggarwal VR, Pavitt S, Wu J. The impact of study factors in the association of periodontal disease and cognitive disorders: systematic review and meta-analysis. Age Ageing 2023; 52:afad015. [PMID: 36794714 PMCID: PMC10789237 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afad015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim was to assess study factors that impact the association of cognitive disorders in people with periodontal disease (PD). METHOD Medline, EMBASE and Cochrane databases were searched until February 2022 using keywords and MeSH: (periodon* OR tooth loss OR missing teeth) AND (dementia OR Alzheimer's Disease OR cognitive*). Observational studies reporting prevalence or risk of cognitive decline, dementia or Alzheimer's disease (AD) in people with PD compared with healthy controls were included. Meta-analysis quantified the prevalence and risk (relative risk[RR]) of cognitive decline, dementia/AD, respectively. Meta-regression/subgroup analysis explored the impact of study factors including PD severity and classification type, and gender. RESULTS Overall, 39 studies were eligible for meta-analysis: 13 cross-sectional and 26 longitudinal studies. PD demonstrated increased risks of cognitive disorders (cognitive decline-RR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.13-1.55; dementia/AD-RR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.14-1.31). Risk of cognitive decline increased with PD severity (moderate-[RR] = 1.14, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.07-1.22; severe-RR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.18-1.32). For every 10% population increase in females, the risk of cognitive decline increased by 34% (RR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.16-1.55). Self-reported PD showed a lower risk of cognitive disorders compared with clinical classification (cognitive decline-RR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.65-0.91; dementia/AD-RR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.77-0.96). CONCLUSION The prevalence and risk estimates of cognitive disorders in association with PD can be influenced by gender, the disease classification of PD and its severity. Further homologous evidence taking these study factors into consideration is needed to form robust conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chenyi Gao
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Jing Kang
- Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Susan Pavitt
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Jianhua Wu
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Centre for Primary Care, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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Sheng Z, Xia B, Wu J, Zhao X, He X, Wen X, Yuan C, Pang T, Xu X. Associations Between Abdominal Obesity, Chewing Difficulty and Cognitive Impairment in Dementia-Free Chinese Elderly. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 2023; 38:15333175231167118. [PMID: 37186941 PMCID: PMC10578445 DOI: 10.1177/15333175231167118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the independent and synergistic associations between abdominal obesity, chewing difficulty and cognitive impairment in a community-dwelling older adults sample in China. METHODS Cognitive function was measured by the 5 min- Montreal Cognitive Assessment (5 min-MoCA) and abdominal obesity was measured by A Body Shape Index (ABSI) in 572 participants recruited from local communities. Chewing difficulty was assessed via a self-report questionnaire. Linear regression and general logistic regression were performed to investigate the association of chewing difficulty and abdominal obesity with cognition. RESULTS Chewing difficulty score [β (95% CI) = -.30 (-.49, -.11)] and ABSI [β (95%CI) = -.30 (-.55, -.05)] were independently associated with worse performance on the 5 min-MoCA. Whilst ABSI was not associated with cognitive impairment, the co-existence of chewing difficulty and abdominal obesity [OR (95% CI) = 2.22 (1.18, 4.17)] was found associated with the presence of cognitive impairment. CONCLUSION Chewing difficulty and abdominal obesity were independently associated with cognition. Abdominal obesity and chewing may have an additive effect on cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Binte Xia
- Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuhao Zhao
- Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xindi He
- Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xu Wen
- Department of Sport Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Changzheng Yuan
- Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ting Pang
- Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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Tani A, Mizutani S, Oku S, Yatsugi H, Chu T, Liu X, Iyota K, Kishimoto H, Kashiwazaki H. Association between oral function and physical pre-frailty in community-dwelling older people: a cross-sectional study. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:726. [PMID: 36056302 PMCID: PMC9440534 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03409-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have examined the relationship between oral functions and the physical pre-frailty status, classified using physical function tests. This cross-sectional study aimed to clarify this association among community-dwelling older people from the Itoshima Frail Study in Itoshima Fukuoka Prefecture. METHODS Of the 1,555 individuals invited to join the study, 381 (188 males and 193 females) enrolled. Their physical pre-frailty was assessed with a classification system consisting of two physical indicators (fatigue and unintentional weight loss, determined with a questionnaire), two functional components (declined walking speed and muscle weakness, determined using a body function measuring instrument), and declined physical activity (examined using a triaxial accelerometer). Subsequently, the individuals were classified into three groups: robust, pre-frailty, and frailty. Along with the number of teeth remaining, oral functions, such as masticatory performance, tongue pressure strength, and oral diadochokinesis (ODK), were examined. Data regarding social activity and exercise habits were collected, and the individuals' body compositions were measured. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the physical pre-frailty were calculated using logistic regression models. RESULTS In this study, 126 (33%) participants presented with physical pre-frailty. The participants in the robust group were younger, had stronger maximum handgrip strength, and walked faster than those in the physical pre-frailty group (p < 0.001). The robust group presented with better oral functions (masticatory performance, p = 0.015; oral ODK /ta/, p = 0.004). The physical pre-frailty status was significantly associated with age (OR, 1.111; 95% CI, 1.048-1.178; p < 0.001), masticatory performance (OR, 0.819; 95% CI, 0.680-0.986; p = 0.035), low ODK/ta/ (OR, 1.864; 95% CI, 1.069-3.250; p = 0.028), and low social activity (OR, 2.273; 95% CI, 1.308-3.951; p = 0.004). CONCLUSION This study indicated that older people with higher age, lower anterior tongue movement, lower masticatory performance, and lower social activity are positively associated with physical pre-frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asuka Tani
- Section of Geriatric Dentistry and Perioperative Medicine in Dentistry, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Mizutani
- Section of Geriatric Dentistry and Perioperative Medicine in Dentistry, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan. .,Faculty of Dental Science, Oral Health/Brain Health/Total Health Research Center, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Saori Oku
- Section of Geriatric Dentistry and Perioperative Medicine in Dentistry, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Harukaze Yatsugi
- Department of Behavior and Health Sciences, Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Tianshu Chu
- Department of Behavior and Health Sciences, Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Behavior and Health Sciences, Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kiyomi Iyota
- Section of Geriatric Dentistry and Perioperative Medicine in Dentistry, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hiro Kishimoto
- Department of Behavior and Health Sciences, Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.,Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Kashiwazaki
- Section of Geriatric Dentistry and Perioperative Medicine in Dentistry, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
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Suzuki H, Furuya J, Hidaka R, Miyajima S, Matsubara C, Ohwada G, Asada T, Akazawa C, Sato Y, Tohara H, Minakuchi S. Patients with mild cognitive impairment diagnosed at dementia clinic display decreased maximum occlusal force: a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:665. [PMID: 34961506 PMCID: PMC8711143 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-02027-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous research indicates that patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are more likely to have poor oral health and impairments in oral functions, which may be due to few remaining teeth and impaired tongue and lip motor function. However, the oral health of those patients following comprehensive cognitive assessment by a dementia specialist has not been sufficiently investigated. Therefore, this study aimed to clarify the oral function of patients with MCI and the association between oral health and lower cognitive function. Methods This cross-sectional study included 96 participants (men: 35; women: 61; mean age: 73.3 ± 8.5 years) who visited a dementia clinic between December 2017 and January 2020. Participants’ cognitive function was assessed by a dementia specialist using neuropsychological and hematological tests and neuroimaging immediately after enrollment. The participants were divided into the healthy and MCI groups according to comprehensive cognitive assessment. Participants’ age, sex, body mass index, primary disease, education level, drinking habits, smoking habits, living environment, employment status, and exercise habits were evaluated. Moreover, oral outcomes, including the number of existing teeth, number of functional teeth (natural and prosthetic teeth which were occluded with antagonists), denture use, oral dryness, tongue and lip motor function, tongue pressure, occlusal force, masticatory ability, and swallowing ability were recorded. The Mann–Whitney U test, χ2, and Fisher’s exact tests were used for between-group comparisons. Furthermore, logistic regression analysis using MCI diagnosis as the target variable was performed. Results A comprehensive evaluation of the cognitive function of the study participants by the dementia specialist revealed that 48 participants (mean age: 69.8 ± 8.8 years) were healthy and 48 (mean age: 76.9 ± 6.7 years) had MCI. MCI participants were significantly older (p < 0.001) and had significantly fewer existing teeth (p = 0.031) and lower maximum occlusal force (p = 0.019) than healthy participants. Age (odds ratio: 1.126, p = 0.002) and maximum occlusal force (odds ratio: 0.978, p = 0.048) were significantly associated with lower cognitive function. Conclusions Patients with MCI had poorer oral health than healthy individuals. Decreased maximum occlusal force was independently associated with lower cognitive function, even when adjusted for age and sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Suzuki
- Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Department of Gerontology and Gerodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
| | - Junichi Furuya
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Showa University School of Dentistry, 2-1-1 Kitasenzoku, Ohta-ku, Tokyo, 145-8515, Japan. .,Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Department of Gerontology and Gerodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan.
| | - Rena Hidaka
- Department of Oral Health Sciences for Community Welfare, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
| | - Saki Miyajima
- Department of Oral Health Sciences for Community Welfare, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
| | - Chiaki Matsubara
- Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Department of Gerontology and Gerodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
| | - Gaku Ohwada
- Ohwada Dental Office, 1-2-45 Honcho, Kuki City, Saitama, 346-0005, Japan
| | - Takashi Asada
- Memory Clinic Ochanomizu, 1-5-34 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0034, Japan
| | - Chihiro Akazawa
- Intractable Disease Research Centre, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Yuji Sato
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Showa University School of Dentistry, 2-1-1 Kitasenzoku, Ohta-ku, Tokyo, 145-8515, Japan
| | - Haruka Tohara
- Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Department of Gerontology and Gerodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Minakuchi
- Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Department of Gerontology and Gerodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
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