HSP105 expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma: Correlation with clinicopathological features and outcomes

HSP105 expression in cutaneous malignant melanoma: Correlation with clinicopathological characteristics

BACKGROUND

Heat shock proteins can protect against stress-associated cellular challenges, but they can also protect some tumors from human immune system monitoring. Heat shock protein 105 (HSP105/110) is a high molecular weight protein whose expression has been reported in many cancers, but few studies on its role in cutaneous malignant melanoma have been published. In this study, we analyzed the relationship between HSP105 expression and the clinicopathological characteristics of CMM.

METHODS

This retrospective study included 91 patients with CMM. The clinicopathological characteristics of CMM patients, including age, lesion duration, location, pathological classification, Clark's level, Breslow thickness, metastasis and recurrence, were collected. Immunohistochemical staining and Western blot analysis for HSP105 were performed. Pigmented nevi (n = 20) served as a control. The staining intensity and percentage of stained cells were expressed as a histochemical score (HSCORE).

RESULTS

HSP105 was overexpressed in melanoma compared with nevi. Differences in the HSCORE between nevi (HSCORE = 1.05(0.15,1.50)) and CMM (HSCORE = 2.68(1.80,3.60)) were remarkable (P<0.001). Exposed site lesions, recurrent and metastatic lesions, nodular melanoma and lentigo maligna melanoma were closely associated with higher HSP105 expression (P = 0.011, P = 0.001 and P = 0.001, respectively). Moreover, no significant difference was observed in Clark's level, Breslow thickness, or lesion duration (P>0.05).

CONCLUSION

HSP105 is overexpressed in CMM. Higher HSP105 expression in lesions is associated with different clinicopathological variables. HSP105 may be a potential target for the diagnosis, treatment and prognostic prediction of CMM.

Expression of Heat Shock Protein 105 in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Correlation with Clinicopathological Characteristics

Background

Heat shock proteins (HSPs), a group of heat stress proteins, are characterized by highly conserved properties. Malignant transformation is a cellular stress, and the expression of HSPs may be affected during this process. Heat shock protein 105 (HSP105) is a protective protein that has long been observed in many cancer types, but little attention has been given to cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC). As such, the objectives of this study were to observe the expression of HSP105 on CSCC and evaluate its correlation with clinicopathological characteristics.

Methods

This retrospective study enrolled 60 patients with CSCC. The patients’ clinical data, including sex, age, tumor location, tumor type, and degree of pathological differentiation, were collected. The expression of HSP105 was measured by Western blot and immunohistochemical staining.

Results

HSP105 expression was decreased in CSCC (HSCORE=0.65 (0.30, 1.98)) compared with normal skin (HSCORE=2.20 (1.50, 2.80)) (P<0.001). These results were consistent with the Western blot analysis. HSP105 immunostaining of Bowen disease (HSCORE=1.28 (1.08, 2.40)) revealed higher expression than in verrucous carcinoma (HSCORE=0.30 (0.23, 0.85)), keratoacanthoma (HSCORE=0.53 (0.29, 0.93)) and acantholytic squamous cell carcinoma (HSCORE=0.53 (0.41, 0.68) (P<0.01)). Poorly differentiated CSCC showed significantly higher expression of HSP105.

Conclusion

Our study reveals for the first time that the expression of HSP105 is decreased in CSCC. We suggest that the molecular mechanisms underlying the differential expression of HSP deserve a more rigorous future study, the results of which might explain its role in carcinogenesis and its potential as a target for selective tumor therapy.

Prognosis and predictive value of heat-shock proteins expression in oral cancer: A PRISMA-compliant meta-analysis

BACKGROUND

Heat-shock proteins (HSP) is a key chaperone protein which maintains intracellular proteostasis and is expressed on the surface of solid and hematological malignancies. Several studies have reported paradoxical evidence of the association between HSP expression and prognosis of oral cancer. To address the discrepancy, we carried out the meta-analysis to assess the role of HSP such as: HSP70, HSP90, HSP27, HSP60, and HSP105 in susceptibility, progression, and prognosis of oral cancer.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

We retrieved the PubMed, Embase, Web of science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang databases to acquire the eligible studies which were associated with HSP70, HSP90, HSP27, HSP60, and HSP105 protein expression and oral cancer. We applied hazard ratio (HR) and its 95% confidence interval (95% CI) to assess the value of HSP protein expression in overall survival of oral cancer; odds ratio (OR) and its 95% CI were used to evaluate the association of risk and clinical features of oral cancer. Funnel plot, Begg test, and Egger line regression test were utilized to observe publication bias among studies. All statistical analysis was performed with Stata 14.0 software (Stata Corporation, College Station, TX).

RESULTS

A total of 26 studies were included in the present meta-analysis. On based of the results, HSP70 and HSP27 had no significant association with progression of oral cancer. However, the pooled HR and 95% CI revealed a significant well effects of HSP70 and HSP27 expression on survival of oral cancer. Moreover, the susceptibility of oral cancer was significantly associated with HSP70 and HSP60 overexpression.

CONCLUSION

HSP70 and HSP27 protein overexpression might be valuable biomarkers for the prognosis of oral cancer. And HSP70 and HSP60 might have potential predictive effects on the risk of oral cancer.