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Lai W, Zhou S, Bai Y, Che Q, Cao H, Guo J, Su Z. Glucosamine attenuates alcohol-induced acute liver injury via inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation. Curr Res Food Sci 2024; 8:100699. [PMID: 38420347 PMCID: PMC10900259 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2024.100699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Alcohol liver disease (ALD) is a liver disease caused by long-term heavy drinking. Glucosamine (GLC) is an amino monosaccharide that plays a very important role in the synthesis of human and animal cartilage. GLC is commonly used in the treatment of mild to moderate osteoarthritis and has good anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. In this study, alcoholic injury models were constructed in mice and human normal hepatocyte L02 cells to explore the protective effect and mechanism of GLC on ALD. Mice were given GLC by gavage for 30 days. Liver injury models of both mice and L02 cells were produced by ethanol. Detecting the levels of liver injury biomarkers, lipid metabolism, oxidative stress biomarkers, and inflammatory factors through different reagent kits. Exploring oxidative and inflammatory pathways in mouse liver tissue through Western blot and RT-PCR. The results showed that GLC can significantly inhibit the abnormal increase of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and can significantly improve the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). In addition, GLC intervention significantly improved alcohol induced hepatic oxidative stress by reducing the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and, increasing the levels of glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the liver. Further mechanisms suggest that GLC can inhibit the expression of ethanol metabolism enzyme cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1), activate the antioxidant pathway Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1, down-regulate the phosphorylation of MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways, and thus reduce the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Therefore, GLC may be a significant candidate functional food for attenuating alcohol induced acute liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwen Lai
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Shipeng Zhou
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yan Bai
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510310, China
| | - Qishi Che
- Guangzhou Rainhome Pharm & Tech Co., Ltd, Science City, Guangzhou, 510663, China
| | - Hua Cao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, 528458, China
| | - Jiao Guo
- Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhengquan Su
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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Liu C, Song X, Sun Y, Li Y, Li X, Zhang D. A comprehensive review of phytochemistry, pharmacology and clinical application of Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix. Nat Prod Res 2023:1-22. [PMID: 38146635 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2298724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix (GMR) is a traditional Chinese herb with the function of dispelling wind and dampness, and removing damp heat. Currently, it is reported in the literature that GMR mainly contains iridoids and secoiridoids, in addition to triterpenoids, flavonoids, lignans, steroids, alkaloids and other chemical components. Among them, iridoids and secoiridoids are the main active ingredients of GMR. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that GMR has pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory and cardioprotective. In clinical practice, GMR is mainly used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, ulcerative colitis, stroke and other related diseases with good therapeutic effects. Currently, there are few literature reports on the GMR research progress. Therefore, this paper provides a review of the chemical composition, pharmacological activity and clinical applications of GMR to provide some scientific basis for the further development of plant resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenwang Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, P. R. China
| | - Xiaomei Song
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of "Taibaiqiyao" Research and Applications, Xianyang, P. R. China
| | - Yu Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, P. R. China
| | - Yuze Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of "Taibaiqiyao" Research and Applications, Xianyang, P. R. China
| | - Xin Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, P. R. China
| | - Dongdong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of "Taibaiqiyao" Research and Applications, Xianyang, P. R. China
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Wang D, Wang J, Wu Y, Liu C, Huang Y, Chen Y, Ding Z, Guan Y, Wu Q. Amelioration of Acute Alcoholic Liver Injury via Attenuating Oxidative Damage and Modulating Inflammation by Means of Ursodeoxycholic Acid-Zein Nanoparticles. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:17080-17096. [PMID: 38104279 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) has been broadly adopted for the clinical treatment of hepatic and biliary diseases; however, its poor water-solubility becomes an obstacle in wide applications. To overcome these challenges, herein, a two-tier UDCA-embedded system of zein nanoparticles (NPs) along with a polyelectrolyte complex was designed under facile conditions. Both the UDCA-zein NPs and their inclusion microcapsules showed a spherical shape with a uniform size. A typical wall plus capsule/core structure was formed in which UDCA-zein NPs distributed evenly in the interior. The UDCA inclusion microcapsules had an encapsulation rate of 67% and were released in a non-Fickian or anomalous transport manner. The bioavailability and efficacy of UDCA-zein NPs were assessed in vivo through the alcoholic liver disease (ALD) mouse model via intragastric administration. UDCA-zein NPs ameliorated the symptoms of ALD mice remarkably, which were mainly exerted through attenuation of antioxidant stress levels. Meanwhile, it notably upregulated the intestinal tight junction protein expression and improved and maintained the integrity of the mucosal barrier effectively. Collectively, with the improvement of bioavailability, the UDCA-zein NPs prominently alleviated the oxidative damage induced by alcohol, modulating the inflammation so as to restore ALD. It is anticipated that UDCA-zein NPs have great therapeutic potential as sustained-nanovesicles in ALD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Eco-engineering and Biotechnology of Anhui Province and Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, PR China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Eco-engineering and Biotechnology of Anhui Province and Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, PR China
| | - Yingchao Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Eco-engineering and Biotechnology of Anhui Province and Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, PR China
| | - Caixia Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Eco-engineering and Biotechnology of Anhui Province and Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, PR China
| | - Yuzhe Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Eco-engineering and Biotechnology of Anhui Province and Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, PR China
| | - Yan Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Eco-engineering and Biotechnology of Anhui Province and Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, PR China
| | - Zhifeng Ding
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Yixin Guan
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qingxi Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Eco-engineering and Biotechnology of Anhui Province and Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, PR China
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Yang X, Wang L, Cui X, Zhang J, Liang Y, Luo Z, Zhou B, Jiang Z, Yang RYH, Wu Y, Wei K, Du M, Qin S, Dai C, Zhao G. Proteomics and network pharmacology of Ganshu Nuodan capsules in the prevention of alcoholic liver disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1229777. [PMID: 37795374 PMCID: PMC10547213 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1229777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Ganshu Nuodan is a liver-protecting dietary supplement composed of Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum) spore powder, Pueraria montana (Lour.) Merr. (P. montana), Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (S. miltiorrhiza) and Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge. (A. membranaceus). However, its pharmacodynamic material basis and mechanism of action remain unknown. Methods A mouse model of acute alcohol liver disease (ALD) induced by intragastric administration of 50% alcohol was used to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of Ganshu Nuodan. The chemical constituents of Ganshu Nuodan were comprehensively identified by UPLC-QTOF/MS, and then its pharmacodynamic material basis and potential mechanism of action were explored by proteomics and network pharmacology. Results Ganshu Nuodan could ameliorate acute ALD, which is mainly manifested in the significant reduction of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in serum and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in liver and the remarkably increase of glutathione (GSH) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in liver. Totally 76 chemical constituents were identified from Ganshu Nuodan by UPLC-QTOF/MS, including 21 quinones, 18 flavonoids, 11 organic acids, 7 terpenoids, 5 ketones, 4 sterols, 3 coumarins and 7 others. Three key signaling pathways were identified via proteomics studies, namely Arachidonic acid metabolism, Retinol metabolism, and HIF-1 signaling pathway respectively. Combined with network pharmacology and molecular docking, six key targets were subsequently obtained, including Ephx2, Lta4h, Map2k1, Stat3, Mtor and Dgat1. Finally, these six key targets and their related components were verified by molecular docking, which could explain the material basis of the hepatoprotective effect of Ganshu Nuodan. Conclusion Ganshu Nuodan can protect acute alcohol-induced liver injury in mice by inhibiting oxidative stress, lipid accumulation and apoptosis. Our study provides a scientific basis for the hepatoprotective effect of Ganshu Nuodan in acute ALD mice and supports its traditional application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, National Engineering Research Center for Southwest Endangered Medicinal Resources Development, National Center for TCM Inheritance and Innovation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated To Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xuejie Cui
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Mental Health Center, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, National Engineering Research Center for Southwest Endangered Medicinal Resources Development, National Center for TCM Inheritance and Innovation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
| | - Zhaojing Luo
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bingxue Zhou
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zheng Jiang
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rachel Y. H. Yang
- Upper School, La Jolla Country Day School, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Yi Wu
- Department of Ultrasound, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated To Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Kunhua Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, National Engineering Research Center for Southwest Endangered Medicinal Resources Development, National Center for TCM Inheritance and Innovation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
| | - Maobo Du
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuangshuang Qin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, National Engineering Research Center for Southwest Endangered Medicinal Resources Development, National Center for TCM Inheritance and Innovation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
| | - Chen Dai
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guoliang Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
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Pasdaran A, Hassani B, Tavakoli A, Kozuharova E, Hamedi A. A Review of the Potential Benefits of Herbal Medicines, Small Molecules of Natural Sources, and Supplements for Health Promotion in Lupus Conditions. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1589. [PMID: 37511964 PMCID: PMC10416186 DOI: 10.3390/life13071589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The Latin word lupus, meaning wolf, was in the medical literature prior to the 1200s to describe skin lesions that devour flesh, and the resources available to physicians to help people were limited. The present text reviews the ethnobotanical and pharmacological aspects of medicinal plants and purified molecules from natural sources with efficacy against lupus conditions. Among these molecules are artemisinin and its derivatives, antroquinonol, baicalin, curcumin, emodin, mangiferin, salvianolic acid A, triptolide, the total glycosides of paeony (TGP), and other supplements such as fatty acids and vitamins. In addition, medicinal plants, herbal remedies, mushrooms, and fungi that have been investigated for their effects on different lupus conditions through clinical trials, in vivo, in vitro, or in silico studies are reviewed. A special emphasis was placed on clinical trials, active phytochemicals, and their mechanisms of action. This review can be helpful for researchers in designing new goal-oriented studies. It can also help practitioners gain insight into recent updates on supplements that might help patients suffering from lupus conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ardalan Pasdaran
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7146864685, Iran;
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7146864685, Iran
| | - Bahareh Hassani
- Student Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7146864685, Iran;
| | - Ali Tavakoli
- Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Department of Persian Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7134845794, Iran;
| | - Ekaterina Kozuharova
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Azadeh Hamedi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7146864685, Iran;
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7146864685, Iran
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Daucosterol Alleviates Alcohol-Induced Hepatic Injury and Inflammation through P38/NF-κB/NLRP3 Inflammasome Pathway. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15010223. [PMID: 36615880 PMCID: PMC9823995 DOI: 10.3390/nu15010223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is caused by chronic excessive alcohol consumption, which leads to inflammation, oxidative stress, lipid accumulation, liver fibrosis/cirrhosis, and even liver cancer. However, there are currently no effective drugs for ALD. Herein, we report that a natural phytosterol Daucosterol (DAU) can effectively protect against liver injury caused by alcohol, which plays anti-inflammatory and antioxidative roles in many chronic inflammatory diseases. Our results demonstrate that DAU ameliorates liver inflammation induced by alcohol through p38/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)/NOD-like receptor protein-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome pathway. Briefly, DAU decreases NF-κB nuclear translocation and inhibits NLRP3 activation by decreasing p38 phosphorylation. At the same time, DAU also protects against hepatic oxidative stress and lipid accumulation. In conclusion, our research provides a new clue about the protective effects of naturally active substances on ALD.
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Exercise Affects the Formation and Recovery of Alcoholic Liver Disease through the IL-6-p47 phox Oxidative-Stress Axis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11081305. [PMID: 35455983 PMCID: PMC9026480 DOI: 10.3390/cells11081305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: To explore the effect of exercise on the formation and recovery of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and whether the IL-6−p47phox oxidative−stress axis is involved in that process. (2) Methods: Firstly, 23 six-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into the Con group, ALD group, ALD + NOXI group, ALD + Ex group, and ALD + Ex + NOXI group. The Liber−DeCarli alcoholic liquid diet was used for 6 weeks to establish the ALD mice model, and the Con group was given the TP4030C control diet. The remaining groups were fed with the TP4030B alcoholic diet, and exercise intervention was started after the ALD model establishment and lasted for another 6 weeks, with or without administration of the NOX inhibitor apocynin by intraperitoneal injection on every exercise training day. Secondly, 28 mice were randomly divided into the Sed group, Eth group, Eth + Ex group and Eth + Ex + NOXI group. The Sed group was given the TP4030C control diet. The remaining groups were fed with the TP4030B alcoholic diet and exercise intervention was started synchronously combined with or without administration of intraperitoneal apocynin injections on every exercise training day for 5 weeks. After each individual experiment was accomplished, physiological assessment and biochemical analysis of blood and tissue samples were examined. (3) Results: The levels of TG in serum and IL-6 protein content in liver tissue in the ALD group were significantly increased compared to the Con group (p < 0.05); compared with ALD, p47phox expression in muscle was increased significantly in the ALD + NOXI group (p < 0.05), and TG in serum decreased in the ALD + Ex group (p < 0.05). TG in serum, AST/ALT ratio, and IL-6 content in both liver and muscle decreased (p < 0.05) in the ALD + Ex + NOXI group with MDA in muscle significantly increased (p < 0.01). The AST/ALT ratio, TG in serum, SOD in liver, and p47phox in both liver and muscle in the ALD + Ex + NOXI group were significantly decreased compared with the ALD + NOXI group (p < 0.01). Compared with the ALD + Ex group, the liver index and HDL-C levels in serum were decreased (p < 0.05) in the ALD + Ex + NOXI group. The degree of hepatocyte steatosis and inflammatory infiltration were ameliorated after exercise intervention. In the Eth group, the relative epididymal fat content, HDL-C level, and AST/ALT ratio were significantly decreased, and TG and gp91phox in liver were significantly higher than in the Sed group (p < 0.05, p < 0.01). Compared with the Eth group, the AST/ALT ratio, MDA in the liver, and NOX4 and p47phox protein expression in the liver were significantly increased, and body weight decreased significantly in the Eth + Ex group (p < 0.05, p < 0.01), as did TG in the liver and MDA in muscle. In the th + Ex + NOXI group, gp91phox expression in the liver and body weight were significantly decreased (p < 0.05, p < 0.01). In the Eth + Ex + NOXI group, the ratio of AST/ALT and MDA in muscle were increased when compared with the Eth + Ex group, and the protein expression of gp91phox and p47phox were much lower (p < 0.01). (4) Conclusions: 6 weeks of exercise intervention during the recovery phase of ALD ameliorates hepatocyte damage and dyslipidemia through the IL-6−p47phox oxidative−stress axis, and applying a NOX inhibitor in combination could optimize this. However, drinking alcohol during exercise exacerbates dyslipidemia and oxidative stress, with hepatocyte IL-6−p47phox downregulated.
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He E, Ma Y, Kong L, Huang Y, Huang C, Yang W, Yi J, Zhu L. Suppression of endoplasmic reticulum stress-associated pathways and hepatocyte apoptosis participates in the attenuation of betulinic acid on alcohol-provoked liver injury in mice. Food Funct 2022; 13:11489-11502. [DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01042a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BA protects against alcohol-induced liver damage through the alleviation of oxidative stress and suppression of ERS-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enqi He
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Yurong Ma
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
- Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China
| | - Li Kong
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - You Huang
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Chunlin Huang
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Wenjiang Yang
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Jine Yi
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Lijuan Zhu
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
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Ding C, Zhao Y, Chen X, Zheng Y, Liu W, Liu X. Taxifolin, a novel food, attenuates acute alcohol-induced liver injury in mice through regulating the NF-κB-mediated inflammation and PI3K/Akt signalling pathways. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2021; 59:868-879. [PMID: 34225578 PMCID: PMC8259856 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.1942504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Taxifolin (TAX) has effective anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities, but its potential mechanism has not been revealed. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the potential protective effect of TAX on acute alcohol-induced liver injury in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Alcoholic liver injury model was established by oral alcohol in mice, and randomly distributed in five groups (n = 10): Normal group (oral saline only); Alcohol group (concentration of fermented alcohol: 56%, 6 mL/kg); TAX groups, mice were orally administered with alcohol, and then TAX with doses of 20, 40, 80 mg/kg, respectively. Oral administration was conducted for 6 weeks. RESULTS TAX treatment illustrated that the level of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was reduced to 65.90 ± 2.26 U/L and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) to 33.28 ± 5.62 U/L compared with alcohol group (ALT 124.51 ± 4.40 U/L, AST 61.70 ± 4.09 U/L), while superoxide dismutase (SOD) was increased to 49.81 ± 2.39 U/mg and glutathione (GSH) to 8.16 ± 0.44 μmol/g, but MDA was reversed to 2.53 ± 0.24 nmol/mg. Histopathological examination showed TAX treatment alleviated alcohol-induced hepatocyte necrosis and inflammatory infiltration. Meanwhile, Western blot and rt-PCR indicated TAX reduced IL-6 to 2.49 ± 0.25 pg/mL and TNF-α to 1.79 ± 0.20 pg/mL, and inhibiting NF-κB activation in liver. Moreover, TAX reversed alcohol-induced apoptosis by regulating the expression of PI3K/Akt and its downstream apoptotic factors. CONCLUSIONS The research provides novel evidence of the hepatoprotective effect of TAX on alcohol-induced liver injury, while also providing the possibility for future treatment of alcoholic liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanbo Ding
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yingchun Zhao
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xueyan Chen
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yinan Zheng
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Wencong Liu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- State Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ginseng Breeding and Application, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xinglong Liu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Fu K, Wang C, Ma C, Zhou H, Li Y. The Potential Application of Chinese Medicine in Liver Diseases: A New Opportunity. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:771459. [PMID: 34803712 PMCID: PMC8600187 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.771459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver diseases have been a common challenge for people all over the world, which threatens the quality of life and safety of hundreds of millions of patients. China is a major country with liver diseases. Metabolic associated fatty liver disease, hepatitis B virus and alcoholic liver disease are the three most common liver diseases in our country, and the number of patients with liver cancer is increasing. Therefore, finding effective drugs to treat liver disease has become an urgent task. Chinese medicine (CM) has the advantages of low cost, high safety, and various biological activities, which is an important factor for the prevention and treatment of liver diseases. This review systematically summarizes the potential of CM in the treatment of liver diseases, showing that CM can alleviate liver diseases by regulating lipid metabolism, bile acid metabolism, immune function, and gut microbiota, as well as exerting anti-liver injury, anti-oxidation, and anti-hepatitis virus effects. Among them, Keap1/Nrf2, TGF-β/SMADS, p38 MAPK, NF-κB/IκBα, NF-κB-NLRP3, PI3K/Akt, TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB and IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathways are mainly involved. In conclusion, CM is very likely to be a potential candidate for liver disease treatment based on modern phytochemistry, pharmacology, and genomeproteomics, which needs more clinical trials to further clarify its importance in the treatment of liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yunxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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11
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Zhang P, Wang W, Mao M, Gao R, Shi W, Li D, Calderone R, Sui B, Tian X, Meng X. Similarities and Differences: A Comparative Review of the Molecular Mechanisms and Effectors of NAFLD and AFLD. Front Physiol 2021; 12:710285. [PMID: 34393826 PMCID: PMC8362097 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.710285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD) are the most prevalent metabolic liver diseases globally. Due to the complex pathogenic mechanisms of NAFLD and AFLD, no specific drugs were approved at present. Lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, inflammation, and dietary habits are all closely related to the pathogenesis of NAFLD and AFLD. However, the mechanism that promotes disease progression has not been fully elucidated. Meanwhile, the gut microbiota and their metabolites also play an important role in the pathogenesis and development of NAFLD and AFLD. This article comparatively reviewed the shared and specific signaling pathways, clinical trials, and potential intervention effectors of NAFLD and AFLD, revealing their similarities and differences. By comparing the shared and specific molecular regulatory mechanisms, this paper provides mutual reference strategies for preventing and treating NAFLD, AFLD, and related metabolic diseases. Furthermore, it provides enlightenment for discovering novel therapies of safe and effective drugs targeting the metabolic liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyi Zhang
- School of Sports and Health, Shandong Sport University, Jinan, China
| | - Weiya Wang
- School of Sports and Health, Shandong Sport University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Academy of Pharmaceutical Science, Jinan, China
| | - Min Mao
- Department of Allied Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Ruolin Gao
- School of Sports and Health, Shandong Sport University, Jinan, China
| | - Wenting Shi
- School of Sports and Health, Shandong Sport University, Jinan, China
| | - Dongmei Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Richard Calderone
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Bo Sui
- School of Sports and Health, Shandong Sport University, Jinan, China
| | - Xuewen Tian
- School of Sports and Health, Shandong Sport University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiangjing Meng
- Shandong Academy of Pharmaceutical Science, Jinan, China
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12
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Xue M, Liang H, Zhou Z, Liu Y, He X, Zhang Z, Sun T, Yang J, Qin Y, Qin K. Effect of fucoidan on ethanol-induced liver injury and steatosis in mice and the underlying mechanism. Food Nutr Res 2021; 65:5384. [PMID: 33994911 PMCID: PMC8098649 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v65.5384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcoholic liver disease is caused as a result of chronic alcohol consumption. In this study, we used an alcoholic liver injury mouse model to investigate the effect of fucoidan on ethanol-induced liver injury and steatosis and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS All mice were randomly divided into four groups: 1) control group, 2) model group, 3) diammonium glycyrrhizinate treatment group (200 mg/kg body weight), and 4) fucoidan treatment group (300 mg/kg body weight). Administration of ethanol for 8 weeks induced liver injury and steatosis in mice. RESULTS Fucoidan treatment decreased serum alanine aminotransferase activity, serum total cholesterol levels, and hepatic triglyceride levels, and improved the morphology of hepatic cells. Fucoidan treatment upregulated the expression of AMPKα1, SIRT1, and PGC-1α and inhibited the expression of ChREBP and HNF-1α. The levels of hepatic IL-6 and IL-18 were significantly decreased in the fucoidan group. Further, the levels of cytochrome P450-2E1 (CYP2E1), glucose-regulated protein (GRP) 78, and 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) in hepatic tissues were reduced in the fucoidan group as compared to the model group. Fucoidan significantly reversed the reduction of ileac Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and fibroblast growth factor 15 (FGF15) levels induced by alcohol-feeding and reduced CYP7A1 (cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase) expression and total bile acid levels in the liver tissue. In addition, fucoidan regulated the structure of gut flora, with increased abundance of Prevotella and decreased abundance of Paraprevotella and Romboutsia as detected by 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing. CONCLUSION Fucoidan inhibited alcohol-induced steatosis and disorders of bile acid metabolism in mice through the AMPKα1/SIRT1 pathway and the gut microbiota-bile acid-liver axis and protected against alcohol-induced liver injury in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meilan Xue
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University of Medicine, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Hui Liang
- The Institute of Human Nutrition, College of Public Health, Qingdao University of Medicine, 308# Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, PR China
| | - Zhitong Zhou
- Food Science Department, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University of Medicine, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Xinjia He
- Oncology Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University of Medicine, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Ting Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University of Medicine, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Jia Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University of Medicine, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Yimin Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Seaweed Substances, Qingdao Brightmoon Seaweed Group Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China
| | - Kunpeng Qin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University of Medicine, Qingdao, PR China
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Liu D, Han P, Gao C, Gao W, Yao X, Liu S. microRNA-155 Modulates Hepatic Stellate Cell Proliferation, Apoptosis, and Cell Cycle Progression in Rats With Alcoholic Hepatitis via the MAPK Signaling Pathway Through Targeting SOCS1. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:270. [PMID: 32317960 PMCID: PMC7154100 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the regulatory function of the non-coding microRNA-155 (miR-155) and suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) in alcoholic hepatitis (AH) and its potential mechanism associated with the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. Levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), albumin (ALB), total bilirubin (TBIL), malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured in a rat model of AH. The biological prediction website microRNA.org and dual-luciferase reporter gene assay were used to identify whether SOCS1 was a direct target of miR-155, and the effects of miR-155 and SOCS1 on the viability, cycle progression, and apoptosis of hepatic stellate cells were assessed using RT-qPCR, Western blot assay, MTT assay, Annexin V/PI double staining, and PI single staining. The levels of ALT, AST, MDA, and TBIL and the liver cell morphology were all prominently changed in AH model rats. miR-155 suppressed SOCS1 by specifically binding to SOCS1-3'-UTR to activate the MAPK signaling pathway. SOCS1 had low expression while miR-155 was highly expressed in AH rats. miR-155 promoted hepatic stellate cell viability and cycle progression and reduced cell apoptosis by silencing SOCS1. Together, we find that silenced miR-155 could upregulate SOCS1 and inactivate the MAPK signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting the proliferation of alcoholic hepatic stellate cells and promoting cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengtao Liu
- Clinical Laboratory, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Ping Han
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Chunhai Gao
- Clinical Laboratory, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Clinical Laboratory, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Xiaocui Yao
- Clinical Laboratory, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Shulan Liu
- Department of Imaging, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
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