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de Oliveira Miranda DE, Alexandre J, José da Silva F, Dilermando Andrade Filho J, Dantas-Torres F, Brandão-Filho SP. Bilateral Anomaly in a Male of Evandromyia lenti (Diptera: Psychodidae) in Pernambuco, Brazil. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION 2021; 37:98-100. [PMID: 34184039 DOI: 10.2987/20-6938.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
More than 1,000 species of phlebotomine sand flies have been described in the literature, many of which are vectors of Leishmania spp. In addition to the morphological similarities between some species groups, the occurrence of anomalies within one species may lead to erroneous description of new taxa. This study describes a case of bilateral anomaly in the number of spines in the gonostyle in a male of Evandromyia lenti. In this anomalous male, a 5th spine is present between the upper external spine and the lower external spine. The occurrence of such an anomaly can potentially result in misidentifications in this important group of insects.
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Brilhante AF, de Albuquerque AL, Rocha ACDB, Ayres CFJ, Paiva MHS, de Ávila MM, Cardoso CDO, Mauricio IL, Galati EAB. First report of an Onchocercidae worm infecting Psychodopygus carrerai carrerai sandfly, a putative vector of Leishmania braziliensis in the Amazon. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15246. [PMID: 32943684 PMCID: PMC7498610 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72065-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Sandflies are insects of public health interest due to their role as vectors of parasites of the genus Leishmania, as well as other pathogens. Psychodopygus carrerai carrerai is considered an important sylvatic vector of Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis in Amazonia. In this study, sandflies were collected in a forested area in the Xapuri municipality, in the State of Acre (Northern Brazil). Two Ps. carrerai carrerai females were found parasitized with a larval form of a filarial worm, one in the labium of the proboscis, the other after the head was squashed, suggesting they were infective larvae. Sandflies were identified through morphological characters as well as amplification and sequencing of the cytochrome oxidase gene (COI). This was the first sequence obtained for Ps. carrerai carrerai for this marker. The obtained nematodes were also characterized through direct sequencing of a fragment of COI and 12S genes, both mitochondrial, and ITS1, a nuclear marker. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the filarial nematodes belong to a species without sequences for these markers in the database, part of family Onchocercidade and closely related to genus Onchocerca (12S tree). Although sandfly infection with nematodes including members of the Onchocercidae has been reported in the Old World, this is the first report of sandfly infection by a member of the Onchocercidae family in the New World, to the best of our knowledge. Considering that the phylogenetic relationships and location in the insect, it can be expected that this is a parasite of mammals and the transmission cycle should be clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Fernandes Brilhante
- Public Health School, Epidemiology Department, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Center for Health and Sport Sciences, Federal University of Acre, Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil
| | | | - Abraham Cézar de Brito Rocha
- National Center of Lymphatic Filariasis, Parasitology Department, Aggeu Magalhães, Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Laboratory of Hospital Otávio de Freitas - Department of Health of the State of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Henrique Santos Paiva
- Entomology Department, Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Federal University of Pernambuco, Núcleo de Ciências da Vida - Centro Acadêmico do Agreste, Caruaru, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | | | - Isabel L Mauricio
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Lisboa, Portugal
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