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Mahon EK, Williams TL, Alves L. Serum C-reactive protein concentrations in dogs with structural and idiopathic epilepsy. Vet Rec 2023; 193:e3211. [PMID: 37503700 DOI: 10.1002/vetr.3211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute-phase protein produced by the liver during systemic inflammation. In humans, some epilepsies are associated with increased serum CRP (sCRP) concentrations, but this has yet to be proven in veterinary studies. Dogs with structural epilepsy (SE) and normal interictal neurological examination are hard to distinguish from dogs with idiopathic epilepsy (IE) without the use of advanced imaging. METHODS The study included eight dogs with SE and 12 dogs with IE from a referral hospital population. This was a retrospective observational cohort study. The Mann-Whitney test was used to compare the sCRP concentrations within 24 hours of the last epileptic seizure between dogs with SE or IE. RESULTS Dogs with SE had higher sCRP concentrations than dogs with IE (8.9 [range <2.2-53.2] mg/L vs. <2.2 [range <2.2-6.9] mg/L; p = 0.043). Five of the eight (62%) dogs with SE had an sCRP concentration above the reference interval, compared with none of the 12 dogs with IE. LIMITATIONS The small sample size was the major limitation of this study. Other inflammatory causes were also not exclusively ruled out, although further clinical investigations were not indicated. CONCLUSIONS This study found that sCRP concentrations were higher in this cohort of dogs with SE than in those with IE. Further studies with larger cohorts of dogs are warranted to validate if sCRP can be used as an additional biomarker for SE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tim L Williams
- The Queen's Veterinary School Hospital, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lisa Alves
- The Queen's Veterinary School Hospital, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Goldschmidt S, Soltero-Rivera M, Quiroz A, Wong K, Rebhun R, Zwingenberger A, Ren Y, Taylor S, Arzi B. The diagnostic yield of preoperative screening for oral cancer in dogs over 15 years, part 2: distant screening. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2023; 261:S24-S33. [PMID: 37770015 PMCID: PMC10832332 DOI: 10.2460/javma.23.05.0300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Determine diagnostic yield of chest, abdomen, and 4-site screening to diagnose metastatic disease and secondary diseases of prognostic significance in dogs with oral cancer. SAMPLE Medical records from 381 dogs with histologically confirmed oral tumors that underwent preoperative screening were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS Thoracic metastasis was diagnosed in 4.9% (0.9% odontogenic, 6.5% nonodontogenic) of oral tumors. Oral malignant melanoma and multilobular osteochondrosarcoma were most at risk. Abdominal metastasis was diagnosed in 2% of oral tumors (0% odontogenic, 3.1% nonodontogenic) and cytologically confirmed in 2 cases (0.6% [2/295)] of all abdominal ultrasounds (AUS) 5.5% [2/36] of all AUS that had cytology). Both cases had oral malignant melanoma. Incidental disease was diagnosed in 53.1% and 81.3% of thoracic and abdominal screenings, respectively. Major findings were more common in AUS (7.8%) compared to thoracic screening (1.9%). The prevalence of incidental findings was similar for odontogenic and nonodontogenic tumors. Both metastasis and major findings were diagnosed more commonly with thoracic CT compared to radiographs. Metastasis or a major finding of prognostic significance was diagnosed in at least 1 test in 27.8% of patients that had head CT, lymph node cytology, thoracic screening, and AUS (n = 115). CLINICAL RELEVANCE Major incidental findings were more commonly detected with AUS and were diagnosed in 1 in every 12 patients. However, metastatic disease was most commonly detected with thoracic screening. When all 4 screening tests are performed, there is an approximately 1 in 4 chance of diagnosing metastasis or major significant disease regardless of tumor type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Goldschmidt
- Department of Surgical and Radiologic Sciences, University of California School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Maria Soltero-Rivera
- Department of Surgical and Radiologic Sciences, University of California School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Adrian Quiroz
- University of California College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Kristen Wong
- University of California College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Robert Rebhun
- Department of Surgical and Radiologic Sciences, University of California School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Allison Zwingenberger
- Department of Surgical and Radiologic Sciences, University of California School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Yunyi Ren
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Research Design, Clinical and Translation Science Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95661, USA
| | - Sandra Taylor
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Research Design, Clinical and Translation Science Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95661, USA
| | - Boaz Arzi
- Department of Surgical and Radiologic Sciences, University of California School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Destri A, Shea A, Sparkes AH, Dennis R. Value of thoracic and abdominal screening in dogs with neurological signs. J Small Anim Pract 2021; 62:455-461. [PMID: 33533484 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To detect the incidence of clinically important thoracic and abdominal imaging abnormalities in patients with neurological signs but with no clinical signs or laboratory findings consistent with thoracic or abdominal disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS Review of imaging findings in dogs with neurological signs but no thoracic or abdominal signs that underwent thoracic, or thoracic and abdominal screening during the same hospitalisation as the neurological investigation. RESULTS Two hundred and six dogs were included in the thoracic study. Of those, only eight (3.9%) had clinically important findings and in only five cases (2.4%) were the findings related to pathology identified on MRI. One hundred and forty-seven dogs were included in the abdominal study. Abnormalities were found in 23 dogs (15.6%), but in only eight (5.4%) were they considered to be of current clinical importance and in only three (2%) were they related to the pathology identified on MRI. Ultrasonography provided valuable additional information in 22 cases (15%) but this was only considered important in four (2.7%) and related to the neurological condition in one (0.7%). As expected, abdominal ultrasonography often provided more information than radiography alone in the abdominal screening but this was rarely clinically relevant or related to the reason for referral. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Thoracic and abdominal screening of neurological patients with no clinically evident thoracic or abdominal clinical signs only infrequently identified occult but clinically important pathology which changed the current management plan, regardless of neurolocalisation or age.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Destri
- Diagnostic Imaging Department, Animal Health Trust, Lanwades Park, Kentford, Newmarket, CB8 7UU, UK
| | - A Shea
- Neurology and Neurosurgery Department, Animal Health Trust, Lanwades Park, Kentford, Newmarket,Suffolk, CB8 7UU, UK
| | - A H Sparkes
- Simply Feline Veterinary Consultancy, Shaftesbury, SP7 8FY, UK
| | - R Dennis
- Diagnostic Imaging Department, Animal Health Trust, Lanwades Park, Kentford, Newmarket, CB8 7UU, UK
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Miller AD, Miller CR, Rossmeisl JH. Canine Primary Intracranial Cancer: A Clinicopathologic and Comparative Review of Glioma, Meningioma, and Choroid Plexus Tumors. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1151. [PMID: 31788444 PMCID: PMC6856054 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In the dog, primary intracranial neoplasia represents ~2-5% of all cancers and is especially common in certain breeds including English and French bulldogs and Boxers. The most common types of primary intracranial cancer in the dog are meningioma, glioma, and choroid plexus tumors, generally occurring in middle aged to older dogs. Much work has recently been done to understand the characteristic imaging and clinicopathologic features of these tumors. The gross and histologic landscape of these tumors in the dog compare favorably to their human counterparts with many similarities noted in histologic patterns, subtype, and grades. Data informing the underlying molecular abnormalities in the canine tumors have only begun to be unraveled, but reveal similar pathways are mutated between canine and human primary intracranial neoplasia. This review will provide an overview of the clinicopathologic features of the three most common forms of primary intracranial cancer in the dog, delve into the comparative aspects between the dog and human neoplasms, and provide an introduction to current standard of care while also highlighting novel, experimental treatments that may help bridge the gap between canine and human cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D. Miller
- Section of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - C. Ryan Miller
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center and Comprehensive Neuroscience Center, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - John H. Rossmeisl
- Section of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Veterinary and Comparative Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, United States
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Andres M, Hostnik E, Green E, Langston C, Parker VJ, Gilor C, Rudinsky AJ. Diagnostic utility of thoracic radiographs and abdominal ultrasound in canine immune-mediated hemolytic anemia. THE CANADIAN VETERINARY JOURNAL = LA REVUE VETERINAIRE CANADIENNE 2019; 60:1065-1071. [PMID: 31597991 PMCID: PMC6741823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The utility of thoracic radiographs and abdominal ultrasound to identify abnormalities in canine immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) is evaluated. Dogs with regenerative anemias and a clinical diagnosis of IMHA that had thoracic radiographs or abdominal ultrasound performed as part of the evaluation were included. The utility of imaging studies was assessed based on a previously utilized scheme. Patient population and clinical signs were consistent with previous reports of IMHA. In 38 out of 50 dogs, the same clinical evaluation and assessment would have been performed without thoracic radiographs. In 32 out of 64 dogs, the same clinical evaluation and assessment would have been performed without abdominal ultrasound. The results indicate that thoracic radiographs and abdominal ultrasound are of variable utility in identifying concurrent abnormalities in canine patients with IMHA. Prospective studies should be designed to further investigate whether abnormalities identified on imaging studies are related to the IMHA or affect patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Andres
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, 601 Vernon L. Tharp Street, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA (Andres, Hostnik, Green, Langston, Parker, Rudinsky); Department of Veterinary Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA (Gilor)
| | - Erik Hostnik
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, 601 Vernon L. Tharp Street, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA (Andres, Hostnik, Green, Langston, Parker, Rudinsky); Department of Veterinary Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA (Gilor)
| | - Eric Green
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, 601 Vernon L. Tharp Street, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA (Andres, Hostnik, Green, Langston, Parker, Rudinsky); Department of Veterinary Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA (Gilor)
| | - Catherine Langston
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, 601 Vernon L. Tharp Street, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA (Andres, Hostnik, Green, Langston, Parker, Rudinsky); Department of Veterinary Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA (Gilor)
| | - Valerie J Parker
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, 601 Vernon L. Tharp Street, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA (Andres, Hostnik, Green, Langston, Parker, Rudinsky); Department of Veterinary Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA (Gilor)
| | - Chen Gilor
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, 601 Vernon L. Tharp Street, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA (Andres, Hostnik, Green, Langston, Parker, Rudinsky); Department of Veterinary Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA (Gilor)
| | - Adam J Rudinsky
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, 601 Vernon L. Tharp Street, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA (Andres, Hostnik, Green, Langston, Parker, Rudinsky); Department of Veterinary Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA (Gilor)
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