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Rodríguez-Trujillo R, Batista-Arteaga M, Iusupova K, Rosario-Medina I, Alamo-Santana D. Comparison of Propofol and Alfaxalone as Anesthesic Drugs in Bitches Undergoing Ovariohysterectomies (Healthy Bitches and with Pyometra) and Cesarean Sections. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1343. [PMID: 38731346 PMCID: PMC11083245 DOI: 10.3390/ani14091343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of two anesthetic agents, alfaxalone and propofol, on maternal physiological parameters (heart and respiratory rates, blood pressure, and temperature) on either ovariohysterectomies or cesarean sections in bitches. A total of 34 healthy and pyometra-affected females (classified as ASA II), were induced with IV propofol (4 mg/kg), while 35 females, both healthy and pyometra affected, were induced with IV alfaxalone (1 mg/kg). For cesarean sections, females (ASA II) were induced with propofol (n = 14) or alfaxalone (n = 14). Additionally, the neonatal viability and modified Apgar score were recorded at 5, 60, and 120 min post-delivery. There were no significant differences in the physiological parameters when comparing the use of propofol and alfaxalone in bitches undergoing ovariohysterectomies, regardless of their health status, nor when comparing cesarean sections. It was observed that bitches induced with propofol occasionally required an additional dose for maintenance of the anesthesia. Neonatal mortality rates were similar for both groups; however, alfaxalone was associated with higher neonatal viability as indicated by the Apgar scores. The findings suggest that both anesthetic protocols are effective and safe for use in canine reproductive surgeries, with no major differences in basic physiological parameters' alteration or neonatal outcomes between the two agents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Miguel Batista-Arteaga
- Unit of Reproduction, Universitary Institute of Biomedical Research and Health, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Transmontaña s/n, 35413 Arucas, Las Palmas, Spain; (R.R.-T.); (K.I.); (I.R.-M.); (D.A.-S.)
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Grecu M, Minea B, Foia LG, Bostanaru-Iliescu AC, Miron L, Nastasa V, Mares M. Short Review on the Biological Activity of Cyclodextrin-Drug Inclusion Complexes Applicable in Veterinary Therapy. Molecules 2023; 28:5565. [PMID: 37513437 PMCID: PMC10383344 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclodextrins (CDs) are a family of carrier molecules used to improve the pharmacokinetic parameters of therapeutic molecules. These cyclic oligosaccharides have medical and pharmaceutical applications by being able to form inclusion complexes with molecules that are poorly soluble in water. The benefits of these complexes are directed towards improving the chemical and biological properties-i.e., solubility, bioavailability, stability, non-toxicity and shelf life of drug molecules. Since the 1960s, the first inclusion complexes used in therapeutics were those with α-, β- and γ-CD, which proved their usefulness, but had certain degrees of particularly renal toxicity. Currently, to correct these deficiencies, β-CD derivatives are most frequently used, such as sulfobutylether-β-CD, hydroxypropyl-β-CD, etc. Therefore, it is of interest to bring to the attention of those interested the diversity of current and potential future clinical applications of inclusion complexes in veterinary medicine and to present the contribution of these inclusion complexes in improving drug efficacy. The most important biological activities of β-CD complexed molecules in the veterinary field are summarized in this short review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Grecu
- Laboratory of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, "Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Life Sciences of Iasi (IULS), 8 Mihail Sadoveanu Alley, 700489 Iasi, Romania
| | - Bogdan Minea
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iași, Romania
| | - Liliana-Georgeta Foia
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iași, Romania
| | - Andra-Cristina Bostanaru-Iliescu
- Laboratory of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, "Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Life Sciences of Iasi (IULS), 8 Mihail Sadoveanu Alley, 700489 Iasi, Romania
| | - Liviu Miron
- Laboratory of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, "Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Life Sciences of Iasi (IULS), 8 Mihail Sadoveanu Alley, 700489 Iasi, Romania
| | - Valentin Nastasa
- Laboratory of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, "Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Life Sciences of Iasi (IULS), 8 Mihail Sadoveanu Alley, 700489 Iasi, Romania
| | - Mihai Mares
- Laboratory of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, "Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Life Sciences of Iasi (IULS), 8 Mihail Sadoveanu Alley, 700489 Iasi, Romania
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Yang Y, Kong J, Liu Y, Wu Q, Cao Y, Qiu J, Zhang L, Gong X, Zhao F, Cao X, Wang J. Pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence of two cyclosporine oral solution formulations in cats. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:940472. [PMID: 36032284 PMCID: PMC9399922 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.940472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The pharmacokinetic profiles and bioequivalence of two cyclosporine oral solutions were investigated in cats. Twenty-four cats were randomly allocated to two equally sized treatment groups in a randomized four-cycle, and dual-sequence cross-over design. Test and reference articles were orally administered in a single dose of 7 mg/kg Bodyweight. Serial blood samples were collected, and blood cyclosporine concentration was determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). No significant differences were present in the major pharmacokinetic parameters (Cmax, AUC0−last,) between the two formulations. The blood profiles of cyclosporine following the administration of both formulations were similar. The findings of the study suggested that the two articles were bioequivalent for cyclosporine oral solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Yang
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyuan Kong
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qinyao Wu
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuying Cao
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jicheng Qiu
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Gong
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fuhua Zhao
- China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Xingyuan Cao
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Detection for Veterinary Drug Residues and Illegal Additives, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xingyuan Cao
| | - Jianzhong Wang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory for Modernization of TCVM, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
- Jianzhong Wang ;
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West SE, Lee JC, Johns TN, Nunamaker EA. Intraperitoneal Alfaxalone and Alfaxalone-Dexmedetomidine Anesthesia in Sprague-Dawley Rats ( Rattus norvegicus). JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE 2020; 59:531-538. [PMID: 32758333 DOI: 10.30802/aalas-jaalas-19-000161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Due to their unpredictability and variable effects, injectable anesthetic regimens in laboratory rodent species warrant refinement. In our study we sought to evaluate alfaxalone, which has gained recent popularity in veterinary medicine, alone and in combination with dexmedetomidine to evaluate their anesthetic ability in Sprague-Dawley rats when administered intraperitoneally. Three doses of alfaxalone only and 4 dose combinations of alfaxalone-dexmedetomidine were tested in males and female rats. The time to induction, anesthetic duration, pulse rate, respiratory rate, temperature, and time to recovery were recorded by a blind observer. The level of anesthesia induced by the various anesthetic protocols was assessed by using pedal withdrawal reflex to a noxious stimulus and scored according to the response. Dependent on the treatment group, atipamezole or saline was administered intraperitoneally once animals reached 60 min of anesthesia. Regardless of the dose, alfaxalone alone achieved only a sedative level of anesthesia, whereas all alfaxalone-dexmedetomidine combinations led to a surgical level of anesthesia in all animals. Anesthesia regimens using alfaxalone alone and in combination with dexmedetomidine demonstrated sex-associated differences, with female rats maintaining longer durations of sedation or anesthesia than their male counterparts. Both male and female rats displayed decreases in physiologic parameters consistent with the effects of dexmedetomidine. Given the results described herein, we recommend 20 mg/kg alfaxalone for sedation and 30 mg/kg alfaxalone combined with 0.05 mg/kg dexmedetomidine for surgical anesthesia in female rats. Appropriate doses of alfaxalone only and alfaxalone-dexmedetomidine for male rats were not determined in this study and need further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia E West
- Animal Care Services, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida;,
| | - Jonathan C Lee
- Animal Care Services, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Tinika N Johns
- Animal Care Services, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
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Pypendop BH, Ranasinghe M, Pasloske K. Pharmacokinetics of alfaxalone infusions, context-sensitive half-time and recovery times in male neutered cats. Vet Anaesth Analg 2018; 45:630-639. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaa.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Pypendop BH, Siao KT, Ranasinghe M, Pasloske K. Effective plasma alfaxalone concentration to produce immobility in male neutered cats. Vet Anaesth Analg 2018; 45:269-277. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaa.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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