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Leigh SJ, Uhlig F, Wilmes L, Sanchez-Diaz P, Gheorghe CE, Goodson MS, Kelley-Loughnane N, Hyland NP, Cryan JF, Clarke G. The impact of acute and chronic stress on gastrointestinal physiology and function: a microbiota-gut-brain axis perspective. J Physiol 2023; 601:4491-4538. [PMID: 37756251 DOI: 10.1113/jp281951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The physiological consequences of stress often manifest in the gastrointestinal tract. Traumatic or chronic stress is associated with widespread maladaptive changes throughout the gut, although comparatively little is known about the effects of acute stress. Furthermore, these stress-induced changes in the gut may increase susceptibility to gastrointestinal disorders and infection, and impact critical features of the neural and behavioural consequences of the stress response by impairing gut-brain axis communication. Understanding the mechanisms behind changes in enteric nervous system circuitry, visceral sensitivity, gut barrier function, permeability, and the gut microbiota following stress is an important research objective with pathophysiological implications in both neurogastroenterology and psychiatry. Moreover, the gut microbiota has emerged as a key aspect of physiology sensitive to the effects of stress. In this review, we focus on different aspects of the gastrointestinal tract including gut barrier function as well as the immune, humoral and neuronal elements involved in gut-brain communication. Furthermore, we discuss the evidence for a role of stress in gastrointestinal disorders. Existing gaps in the current literature are highlighted, and possible avenues for future research with an integrated physiological perspective have been suggested. A more complete understanding of the spatial and temporal dynamics of the integrated host and microbial response to different kinds of stressors in the gastrointestinal tract will enable full exploitation of the diagnostic and therapeutic potential in the fast-evolving field of host-microbiome interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah-Jane Leigh
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Friederike Uhlig
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Lars Wilmes
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Paula Sanchez-Diaz
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Cassandra E Gheorghe
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Michael S Goodson
- 711th Human Performance Wing, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio, USA
| | - Nancy Kelley-Loughnane
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio, USA
| | - Niall P Hyland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - John F Cryan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Gerard Clarke
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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Fu D, Zhao H, Huang Y, Li J, Feng H, Li A, Liu Y, He L. Metformin regulates the effects of IR and IGF-1R methylation on mast cell activation and airway reactivity in diabetic rats with asthma through miR-152-3p/DNMT1 axis. Cell Biol Toxicol 2023; 39:1851-1872. [PMID: 36547818 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-022-09787-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Metformin is a drug for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Recently, metformin has been shown to reduce the risks of asthma-associated outcomes and asthma deterioration, thereby holding promise as a superior medicine for diabetic patients with asthma. However, the mechanism by which metformin reduces diabetic asthma is yet to be clarified. This study aimed at ascertaining the downstream molecules underlying the effect of metformin on the activation of mast cells (MCs) and airway reactivity in a concomitant diabetic and asthmatic rat model. METHODS A T2DM model was induced utilizing a high-fat diet and streptozotocin. Then, 10% ovalbumin was utilized to stimulate asthma-like pathology in the T2DM rats. RBL-2H3 cells were induced by anti-dinitrophenyl-specific immunoglobulin E for constructing an in vitro model. Luciferase assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (IP) assay were conducted to identify the interaction between microRNA-152-3p (miR-152-3p) and DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1), while chromatin IP to identify the binding of DNMT1 to insulin receptor (IR) and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) promoters. The effects of metformin on both pathological changes in vivo and biological behaviors of cells were evaluated. Using gain- and loss-of-function approaches, we assessed the role of the two interactions in the metformin-induced effect. RESULTS It was suggested that metformin could impede the MC activation and airway resistance in the concomitant diabetic and asthmatic rats. Additionally, metformin downregulated IR and IGF-1R through DNMT1-dependent methylation to repress MC activation and airway resistance. DNMT1 was testified to be a target gene of miR-152-3p. Furthermore, miR-152-3p-induced silencing of DNMT1 was blocked by metformin, hence restraining MC activation and airway resistance. CONCLUSION The findings cumulatively demonstrate that metformin downregulates IR/IGF-1R to block MC activation and airway resistance via impairing the binding affinity between miR-152-3p and DNMT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Fu
- Department of Endocrinology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Hailu Zhao
- Diabetic Systems Center, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Excellence, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, 541000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, No.566, Congcheng Ave, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510900, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjuan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, No.566, Congcheng Ave, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510900, People's Republic of China
| | - Huafeng Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, 541001, People's Republic of China
| | - Aiguo Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, 541001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yefen Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, No.566, Congcheng Ave, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510900, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang He
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, No.566, Congcheng Ave, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510900, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang Y, Zhu X, Yu X, Novák P, Gui Q, Yin K. Enhancing intestinal barrier efficiency: A novel metabolic diseases therapy. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1120168. [PMID: 36937361 PMCID: PMC10018175 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1120168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Physiologically, the intestinal barrier plays a crucial role in homeostasis and nutrient absorption and prevents pathogenic entry, harmful metabolites, and endotoxin absorption. Recent advances have highlighted the association between severely damaged intestinal barriers and diabetes, obesity, fatty liver, and cardiovascular diseases. Evidence indicates that an abated intestinal barrier leads to endotoxemia associated with systemic inflammation, insulin resistance, diabetes, and lipid accumulation, accelerating obesity and fatty liver diseases. Nonetheless, the specific mechanism of intestinal barrier damage and the effective improvement of the intestinal barrier remain to be explored. Here, we discuss the crosstalk between changes in the intestinal barrier and metabolic disease. This paper also highlights how to improve the gut barrier from the perspective of natural medicine, gut microbiota remodeling, lifestyle interventions, and bariatric surgery. Finally, potential challenges and prospects for the regulation of the gut barrier-metabolic disease axis are discussed, which may provide theoretical guidance for the treatment of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyuan Zhang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Xiao Zhu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Xinyuan Yu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Petr Novák
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Qingjun Gui
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Department of General Practice, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- *Correspondence: Qingjun Gui, ; Kai Yin,
| | - Kai Yin
- Department of General Practice, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- *Correspondence: Qingjun Gui, ; Kai Yin,
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Hasler WL, Grabauskas G, Singh P, Owyang C. Mast cell mediation of visceral sensation and permeability in irritable bowel syndrome. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2022; 34:e14339. [PMID: 35315179 PMCID: PMC9286860 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.14339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Abnormalities of mast cell structure or function may play prominent roles in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptom genesis. Mast cells show close apposition to sensory nerves and release bioactive substances in response to varied stimuli including infection, stress, and other neuroendocrine factors. Most studies focus on patients who develop IBS after enteric infection or who report diarrhea-predominant symptoms. Three topics underlying IBS pathogenesis have been emphasized in recent investigations. Visceral hypersensitivity to luminal stimulation is found in most IBS patients and may contribute to abdominal pain. Mast cell dysfunction also may disrupt epithelial barrier function which alters mucosal permeability potentially leading to altered bowel function and pain. Mast cell products including histamine, proteases, prostaglandins, and cytokines may participate in hypersensitivity and permeability defects, especially with diarrhea-predominant IBS. Recent experimental evidence indicates that the pronociceptive effects of histamine and proteases are mediated by the generation of prostaglandins in the mast cell. Enteric microbiome interactions including increased mucosal bacterial translocation may activate mast cells to elicit inflammatory responses underlying some of these pathogenic effects. Therapies to alter mast cell activity (mast cell stabilizers) or function (histamine antagonists) have shown modest benefits in IBS. Future investigations will seek to define patient subsets with greater potential to respond to therapies that address visceral hypersensitivity, epithelial permeability defects, and microbiome alterations secondary to mast cell dysfunction in IBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- William L. Hasler
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity of Michigan Health SystemAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Gintautas Grabauskas
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity of Michigan Health SystemAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Prashant Singh
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity of Michigan Health SystemAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Chung Owyang
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity of Michigan Health SystemAnn ArborMichiganUSA
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Wang YF, Li JW, Wang DP, Jin K, Hui JJ, Xu HY. Anti-Hyperglycemic Agents in the Adjuvant Treatment of Sepsis: Improving Intestinal Barrier Function. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:1697-1711. [PMID: 35693534 PMCID: PMC9176233 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s360348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal barrier injury and hyperglycemia are common in patients with sepsis. Bacteria translocation and systemic inflammatory response caused by intestinal barrier injury play a significant role in sepsis occurrence and deterioration, while hyperglycemia is linked to adverse outcomes in sepsis. Previous studies have shown that hyperglycemia is an independent risk factor for intestinal barrier injury. Concurrently, increasing evidence has indicated that some anti-hyperglycemic agents not only improve intestinal barrier function but are also beneficial in managing sepsis-induced organ dysfunction. Therefore, we assume that these agents can block or reduce the severity of sepsis by improving intestinal barrier function. Accordingly, we explicated the connection between sepsis, intestinal barrier, and hyperglycemia, overviewed the evidence on improving intestinal barrier function and alleviating sepsis-induced organ dysfunction by anti-hyperglycemic agents (eg, metformin, peroxisome proliferators activated receptor-γ agonists, berberine, and curcumin), and summarized some common characteristics of these agents to provide a new perspective in the adjuvant treatment of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Feng Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Wei Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Da-Peng Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Jin
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiao-Jie Hui
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Yang Xu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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Zhao L, Ren P, Wang M, Wang J, He X, Gu J, Lu Y, Wu Y, Liu J, Wang L, Li H. Changes in intestinal barrier protein expression and intestinal flora in a rat model of visceral hypersensitivity. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2022; 34:e14299. [PMID: 34821442 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.14299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Destruction of the intestinal mucosal barrier and visceral hypersensitivity are main pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The study aimed to establish a rat model of visceral hypersensitivity and explore mechanisms involved the changes of the intestinal barrier protein expression and intestinal flora. METHODS A rat model of visceral hypersensitivity was established and evaluated using abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) scores, colonic paracellular permeability, and gastrointestinal motility. The expression of tight junction proteins, aquaporin proteins (AQPs), phosphorylated ERK, and proteinase-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) was determined. The intestinal microflora was evaluated by high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. KEY RESULTS In model rats, AWR score and fecal water content were significantly increased, gastrointestinal motilities were disorder and characterized by an inhibition of gastric motility and an enhancement of small intestinal and colonic movement. The expressions of colonic occludin, ZO-1, AQP3, and AQP8 were decreased but claudin-2 and claudin-4 were markedly increased. Imbalance of intestinal flora appeared and showed an obvious decrease of Lactobacillus and an increase of Clostridiales_bacterium. Additionally, the total serine protease activity in feces, the expressions of PAR2 and phosphorylated ERK in the colon tissues were increased significantly. CONCLUSION AND INFERENCES The model rats of visceral hypersensitivity possess the decreased expression of occludin, ZO-1, AQP3, AQP8, and the increased expression of claudin-2 and claudin-4, meanwhile develop an imbalance of intestinal flora which probably increase serine protease activity, thereby activating the PAR2/ERK signaling and causing the intestinal barrier disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhao
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Peipei Ren
- Affiliated Hospital, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Miaolei Wang
- Affiliated Hospital, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xueyun He
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jingyan Gu
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yanyu Lu
- Function Laboratory in College of Basic Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Yana Wu
- Affiliated Hospital, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Junhong Liu
- Affiliated Hospital, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Longde Wang
- Affiliated Hospital, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hongfang Li
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
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Wang H, Zhao X, Cui X, Wang M, Jiao C, Li J, Yang Y, Li Y, Zhang H. A Pilot Study of Clinical Evaluation and Formation Mechanism of Irritable Bowel Syndrome-like Symptoms in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients in Remission. J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2021; 27:612-625. [PMID: 34642282 PMCID: PMC8521459 DOI: 10.5056/jnm20151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Some inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients in remission suffer from irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)-like symptoms (IBD-IBS). The pathogenesis has not yet been elucidated. The study aim is to evaluate relationships among quality of life (QOL), psychological status, and visceral sensitivity, and explore the formation mechanism of IBD-IBS. Methods Forty-seven patients with Crohn’s disease in remission, 24 ulcerative colitis in remission, 26 IBS, and 20 healthy controls were included in the study. The abdominal pain, QOL, anxiety, and depression were evaluated through questionnaires. Visceral sensitivity was measured by rectal balloon distension. The serum levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and nerve growth factor (NGF) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expressions of tryptase, 5-HT, NGF, and related receptors in colonic tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry and western blot. Results Prevalence of IBS-like symptoms in Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis patients in clinical remission was 29.8% and 50.0%, respectively. The QOL was lower, the anxiety/depression scores were higher in IBD-IBS patients than those without IBS-like symptoms. Additionally, patients with IBD-IBS existed visceral hypersensitivity. Besides, abdominal pain was associated with poor QOL, visceral hypersensitivity, anxiety, and depression in IBD-IBS patients. The number of mast cells (MCs) and expressions of 5-HT, NGF, and related receptors were higher in IBD-IBS patients than those with no such symptoms. The serum levels of 5-HT and NGF positively correlated with abdominal pain and visceral hypersensitivity. Conclusion IBD-IBS patients may have low QOL and psychological abnormalities, as wells as visceral hypersensitivity which may be related to increased 5-HT and NGF levels released from activated mast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaojing Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiufang Cui
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meifeng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunhua Jiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiajia Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongjie Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Bahlouli W, Breton J, Lelouard M, L'Huillier C, Tirelle P, Salameh E, Amamou A, Atmani K, Goichon A, Bôle-Feysot C, Ducrotté P, Ribet D, Déchelotte P, Coëffier M. Stress-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction is exacerbated during diet-induced obesity. J Nutr Biochem 2020; 81:108382. [PMID: 32417626 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2020.108382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Obesity and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are two major public health issues. Interestingly previous data report a marked increase of IBS prevalence in morbid obese subjects compared with non-obese subjects but underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Obesity and IBS share common intestinal pathophysiological mechanisms such as gut dysbiosis, intestinal hyperpermeability and low-grade inflammatory response. We thus aimed to evaluate the link between obesity and IBS using different animal models. Male C57Bl/6 mice received high fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks and were then submitted to water avoidance stress (WAS). In response to WAS, HFD mice exhibited higher intestinal permeability and plasma corticosterone concentration than non-obese mice. We were not able to reproduce a similar response both in ob/ob mice and in leptin-treated non-obese mice. In addition, metformin, a hypoglycemic agent, limited fasting glycaemia both in unstressed and WAS diet-induced obese mice but only partially restored colonic permeability in unstressed HFD mice. Metformin failed to improve intestinal permeability in WAS HFD mice. Finally, cecal microbiota transplantation from HFD mice in antibiotics-treated recipient mice did not reproduce the effects observed in stressed HFD mice. In conclusion, stress induced a more marked intestinal barrier dysfunction in diet-induced obese mice compared with non-obese mice that seems to be independent of leptin, glycaemia and gut microbiota. These data should be further confirmed and the role of the dietary composition should be studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafa Bahlouli
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM UMR 1073 "Nutrition, inflammation and gut-brain axis", 76183 Rouen, France; Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), UNIROUEN, 76183 Rouen, France
| | - Jonathan Breton
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM UMR 1073 "Nutrition, inflammation and gut-brain axis", 76183 Rouen, France; Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), UNIROUEN, 76183 Rouen, France
| | - Mauranne Lelouard
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM UMR 1073 "Nutrition, inflammation and gut-brain axis", 76183 Rouen, France; Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), UNIROUEN, 76183 Rouen, France
| | - Clément L'Huillier
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM UMR 1073 "Nutrition, inflammation and gut-brain axis", 76183 Rouen, France; Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), UNIROUEN, 76183 Rouen, France
| | - Pauline Tirelle
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM UMR 1073 "Nutrition, inflammation and gut-brain axis", 76183 Rouen, France; Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), UNIROUEN, 76183 Rouen, France
| | - Emmeline Salameh
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM UMR 1073 "Nutrition, inflammation and gut-brain axis", 76183 Rouen, France; Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), UNIROUEN, 76183 Rouen, France
| | - Asma Amamou
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM UMR 1073 "Nutrition, inflammation and gut-brain axis", 76183 Rouen, France; Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), UNIROUEN, 76183 Rouen, France
| | - Karim Atmani
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM UMR 1073 "Nutrition, inflammation and gut-brain axis", 76183 Rouen, France; Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), UNIROUEN, 76183 Rouen, France
| | - Alexis Goichon
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM UMR 1073 "Nutrition, inflammation and gut-brain axis", 76183 Rouen, France; Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), UNIROUEN, 76183 Rouen, France
| | - Christine Bôle-Feysot
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM UMR 1073 "Nutrition, inflammation and gut-brain axis", 76183 Rouen, France; Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), UNIROUEN, 76183 Rouen, France
| | - Philippe Ducrotté
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM UMR 1073 "Nutrition, inflammation and gut-brain axis", 76183 Rouen, France; Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), UNIROUEN, 76183 Rouen, France; Department of Gastroenterology, Rouen University Hospital, 76183 Rouen, France
| | - David Ribet
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM UMR 1073 "Nutrition, inflammation and gut-brain axis", 76183 Rouen, France; Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), UNIROUEN, 76183 Rouen, France
| | - Pierre Déchelotte
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM UMR 1073 "Nutrition, inflammation and gut-brain axis", 76183 Rouen, France; Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), UNIROUEN, 76183 Rouen, France; Department of Nutrition, Rouen University Hospital, 76183 Rouen, France
| | - Moïse Coëffier
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM UMR 1073 "Nutrition, inflammation and gut-brain axis", 76183 Rouen, France; Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), UNIROUEN, 76183 Rouen, France; Department of Nutrition, Rouen University Hospital, 76183 Rouen, France.
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9
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Wang C, Li L, Jiang J, Li L, Li J, Xu C, Jin S, Zhu L, Yan G. Pterostilbene Inhibits FcεRI Signaling through Activation of the LKB1/AMPK Pathway in Allergic Response. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:3456-3465. [PMID: 32096633 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b07126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the role and mechanism of pterostilbene (Pts) in mast cell degranulation in vitro and in vivo were investigated. The results showed that Pts inhibited mast cell-mediated local passive allergic reactions in mice. In addition, treatment with Pts reduced both histamine release and calcium influx in rat peritoneal mast cells and RBL-2H3 cells and reduced IgE-mediated mast cell activation. Furthermore, the mechanism underlying Pts inhibition of mast cell signaling was probed via studying the effects of Pts on liver kinase B1 (LKB1), including the use of the LKB1 activator metformin and siRNA knockdown of LKB1. The data showed that Pts reduced the release of inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, leukotriene C4, and prostaglandin D2 in mast cells by activating the LKB1/adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway. Furthermore, Pts inhibited phosphorylation of FcεRI and FcεRI-mediated degranulation in RBL-2H3 cells. These effects were attenuated after LKB1 knockdown. Taken together, Pts could inhibit FcεRI signaling through activation of the LKB1/AMPK signaling pathway in IgE-mediated mast cell activation. Thus, Pts might be an effective therapeutic agent for mast cell-mediated allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongyang Wang
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, P. R. China
- Jilin Key Laboratory of Anaphylactic Disease, Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, P. R. China
| | - Liangchang Li
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, P. R. China
- Jilin Key Laboratory of Anaphylactic Disease, Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, P. R. China
| | - Jingzhi Jiang
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, P. R. China
- Jilin Key Laboratory of Anaphylactic Disease, Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, P. R. China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, P. R. China
- Jilin Key Laboratory of Anaphylactic Disease, Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, P. R. China
| | - Junfeng Li
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, P. R. China
- Jilin Key Laboratory of Anaphylactic Disease, Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, P. R. China
| | - Chang Xu
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, P. R. China
- Jilin Key Laboratory of Anaphylactic Disease, Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, P. R. China
| | - Shan Jin
- Jilin Key Laboratory of Anaphylactic Disease, Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, P. R. China
- Department of Dermatology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji 133002, P. R. China
| | - Lianhua Zhu
- Jilin Key Laboratory of Anaphylactic Disease, Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, P. R. China
- Department of Dermatology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji 133002, P. R. China
| | - Guanghai Yan
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, P. R. China
- Jilin Key Laboratory of Anaphylactic Disease, Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, P. R. China
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10
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Song YF, Pei LX, Chen L, Geng H, Yuan MQ, Xu WL, Wu J, Zhou JY, Sun JH. Electroacupuncture Relieves Irritable Bowel Syndrome by Regulating IL-18 and Gut Microbial Dysbiosis in a Trinitrobenzene Sulfonic Acid-Induced Post-Inflammatory Animal Model. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2020; 48:77-90. [PMID: 31918565 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x20500044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Post inflammatory irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS), a subset of IBS, is characterized by symptoms of visceral pain, bloating, and changed bowel habits that occur post initial episode of intestinal infection. Gut microbial dysbiosis or inflammation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of abdominal hypersensitivity of PI-IBS. Electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation results in an alleviated PI-IBS-associated symptom. This study investigated the effect of EA on IL-18 and gut microbial dysbiosis in one visceral hypersensitive rat models with PI-IBS. A trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced visceral hypersensitivity rat model was developed. EA stimulation was applied to the ST25 and ST36 acupoints. Animals were assessed using abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) scores to determine the development of colonic visceral hypersensitivity. The 16S rRNA was used to correlate microbial diversity. IL-18 expression in colon was quantified by quantitative real-time PCR and western blotting. We identified that model rats had an increased visceral hypersensitivity to colorectal distention at different distention pressures compared with the normal group. Sensitivity to colorectal distention decreased after EA stimulation. The composition of the fecal microbiota was different between groups. Specifically, in the model group Empedobacter, Psychrobacter, Enterococcus, Butyricimonas, Vampirovibrio, Kurthia, Intestinimonas, Neisseria, Falsiporphyromonas, Bilophila, Fusobacterium, Alistipes, Veillonella, Flavonifractor, Clostridium XlVa were more abundant affected genera, whereas Lactobacillus was enriched in normal rats. EA stimulation was correlated with significant decrease in the phyla of Fusobacteria. The mRNA and protein levels of IL-18 were higher in the model group. Meanwhile, EA stimulation attenuated this response. In a word, our findings suggest that PI-IBS is associated with significant increase in IL-18 levels as well as an alteration in microbiome diversity. These changes can be reversed with EA treatment. EA stimulation has a positive effect in alleviating symptoms of visceral hypersensitivity and protecting the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Fang Song
- Department of Acupuncture, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P. R. China
| | - Li-Xia Pei
- Department of Acupuncture, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P. R. China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Acupuncture, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P. R. China
| | - Hao Geng
- Department of Acupuncture, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P. R. China
| | - Meng-Qian Yuan
- Department of Acupuncture, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P. R. China
| | - Wan-Li Xu
- Department of the First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Yong Zhou
- Department of Central Laboratory, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Hua Sun
- Department of Acupuncture, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P. R. China
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11
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Webb DL. Tests of intestinal mucosal hyperpermeability: Many diseases, many biomarkers and a bright future. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2019; 40-41:101636. [PMID: 31594645 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpg.2019.101636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The number of disorders now linked to increased intestinal mucosal permeability implies that a substantial percent of the population is affected. Drug interventions targeting reduced tight junctional permeability are being pursued. Although hyper-permeability in itself is not a clinically recognized disease entity, its relationship to disease processes has driven interest in measuring, and even monitoring mucosal permeability in vivo. Along with improved knowledge of gut barrier physiology, advances have been made in tests and biomarkers of barrier function. Drawing from our experiences in the past decade, considerations and challenges faced in assessing in vivo intestinal permeability are discussed herein, along with indications of what the future might hold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic-Luc Webb
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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12
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Abstract
The developmental period constitutes a critical window of sensitivity to stress. Indeed, early-life adversity increases the risk to develop psychiatric diseases, but also gastrointestinal disorders such as the irritable bowel syndrome at adulthood. In the past decade, there has been huge interest in the gut-brain axis, especially as regards stress-related emotional behaviours. Animal models of early-life adversity, in particular, maternal separation (MS) in rodents, demonstrate lasting deleterious effects on both the gut and the brain. Here, we review the effects of MS on both systems with a focus on stress-related behaviours. In addition, we discuss more recent findings showing the impact of gut-directed interventions, including nutrition with pre- and probiotics, illustrating the role played by gut microbiota in mediating the long-term effects of MS. Overall, preclinical studies suggest that nutritional approaches with pro- and prebiotics may constitute safe and efficient strategies to attenuate the effects of early-life stress on the gut-brain axis. Further research is required to understand the complex mechanisms underlying gut-brain interaction dysfunctions after early-life stress as well as to determine the beneficial impact of gut-directed strategies in a context of early-life adversity in human subjects.
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13
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Rincel M, Olier M, Minni A, Monchaux de Oliveira C, Matime Y, Gaultier E, Grit I, Helbling JC, Costa AM, Lépinay A, Moisan MP, Layé S, Ferrier L, Parnet P, Theodorou V, Darnaudéry M. Pharmacological restoration of gut barrier function in stressed neonates partially reverses long-term alterations associated with maternal separation. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2019; 236:1583-1596. [PMID: 31147734 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-019-05252-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Intestinal permeability plays an important role in gut-brain axis communication. Recent studies indicate that intestinal permeability increases in neonate pups during maternal separation (MS). OBJECTIVES The present study aims to determine whether pharmacological inhibition of myosin light chain kinase (MLCK), which regulates tight junction contraction and controls intestinal permeability, in stressed neonates, protects against the long-term effects of MS. METHODS Male Wistar rats were exposed to MS (3 h per day from post-natal day (PND)2 to PND14) or left undisturbed and received daily intraperitoneal injection of a MLCK inhibitor (ML-7, 5 mg/kg) or vehicle during the same period. At adulthood, emotional behaviors, corticosterone response to stress, and gut microbiota composition were analyzed. RESULTS ML-7 restored gut barrier function in MS rats specifically during the neonatal period. Remarkably, ML-7 prevented MS-induced sexual reward-seeking impairment and reversed the alteration of corticosterone response to stress at adulthood. The effects of ML-7 were accompanied by the normalization of the abundance of members of Lachnospiraceae, Clostridiales, Desulfovibrio, Bacteroidales, Enterorhabdus, and Bifidobacterium in the feces of MS rats at adulthood. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, our work suggests that improvement of intestinal barrier defects during development may alleviate some of the long-term effects of early-life stress and provides new insight on brain-gut axis communication in a context of stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Rincel
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRA, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Maïwenn Olier
- Laboratoire Toxalim, UMR 1331, University of Toulouse III (UPS), INP-EI-Purpan, INRA, Toulouse, France
| | - Amandine Minni
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRA, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Yann Matime
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRA, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Eric Gaultier
- Laboratoire Toxalim, UMR 1331, University of Toulouse III (UPS), INP-EI-Purpan, INRA, Toulouse, France
| | - Isabelle Grit
- UMR 1280, Institut des maladies de l'appareil digestif, PhAN, INRA, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | | | - Anna Maria Costa
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRA, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Amandine Lépinay
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRA, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Moisan
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRA, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sophie Layé
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRA, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Laurent Ferrier
- Laboratoire Toxalim, UMR 1331, University of Toulouse III (UPS), INP-EI-Purpan, INRA, Toulouse, France
| | - Patricia Parnet
- UMR 1280, Institut des maladies de l'appareil digestif, PhAN, INRA, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Vassilia Theodorou
- Laboratoire Toxalim, UMR 1331, University of Toulouse III (UPS), INP-EI-Purpan, INRA, Toulouse, France
| | - Muriel Darnaudéry
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRA, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, 33076, Bordeaux, France.
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