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Mane A, Jain S, Jain A, Pereira M, Sirsat A, Pathak G, Bhoi V, Bhavsar S, Panda S. Diagnostic performance of oral swab specimen for SARS-CoV-2 detection with rapid point-of-care lateral flow antigen test. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7355. [PMID: 35513547 PMCID: PMC9069956 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11284-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the performance of oral swab specimen both health-care worker (HCW) collected and self-collected for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) detection with rapid antigen test (RAT) as compared to reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Of the 529 participants enrolled, 121 (22.8%) were RT-PCR positive. Among the RT-PCR positives, 62 (51.2%) were RAT positive using oral swab. When compared with RT-PCR, RAT with oral swab had sensitivity and specificity of 63.3 and 96.8% respectively among symptomatic individuals. No statistically significant difference was observed in RAT positivity with HCW collection and self-collection, p = 0.606. Ct values were significantly lower in RT-PCR and RAT positive samples (ORF gene: 18.85 ± 4.36; E gene: 18.72 ± 4.84) as compared to RT-PCR positive and RAT negative samples (ORF gene: 26.98 ± 7.09; E gene: 26.97 ± 7.07), p < 0.0001. Our study demonstrated moderate sensitivity of RAT with oral swab in symptomatic individuals. Oral swab was the preferred sampling by almost all participants in terms of convenience and comfort as compared to nasopharyngeal swab. Oral swabs have utility for SARS-CoV-2 antigen detection among symptomatic individuals residing in remote rural areas and can serve as an initial screening tool during COVID-19 spikes when cases rise exponentially and laboratory capacities for RT-PCR testing become overwhelmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arati Mane
- Division of Microbiology, ICMR-National AIDS Research Institute, 73, G block, MIDC, Bhosari, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Shilpa Jain
- Old Bhosari Hospital, Bhosari, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ankita Jain
- Old Bhosari Hospital, Bhosari, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Michael Pereira
- Division of Microbiology, ICMR-National AIDS Research Institute, 73, G block, MIDC, Bhosari, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Atul Sirsat
- Division of Microbiology, ICMR-National AIDS Research Institute, 73, G block, MIDC, Bhosari, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Gaurav Pathak
- Division of Microbiology, ICMR-National AIDS Research Institute, 73, G block, MIDC, Bhosari, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vikalp Bhoi
- Old Bhosari Hospital, Bhosari, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Samiran Panda
- Division of Microbiology, ICMR-National AIDS Research Institute, 73, G block, MIDC, Bhosari, Pune, Maharashtra, India.,Division of Epidemiology and Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
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Adeoye J, Tan JY, Ip CM, Choi SW, Thomson P. "Fact or fiction?": Oral cavity cancer in nonsmoking, nonalcohol drinking patients as a distinct entity-Scoping review. Head Neck 2021; 43:3662-3680. [PMID: 34313348 DOI: 10.1002/hed.26824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral cavity cancer is often described as a lifestyle-related malignancy due to its strong associations with habitual factors, including tobacco use, heavy alcohol consumption, and betel nut chewing. However, patients with no genetically predisposing conditions who do not indulge in these risk habits are still being encountered, albeit less commonly. The aim of this review is to summarize contemporaneous reports on these nonsmoking, nonalcohol drinking (NSND) patients. We performed database searching to identify relevant studies from January 1, 2000 to March 31, 2021. Twenty-six articles from 20 studies were included in this study. We found that these individuals were mostly females in their eighth decade with tumors involving the tongue and gingivobuccal mucosa. This review also observed that these patients were likely diagnosed with early stage tumors with overexpression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and increased intensity of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. Treatment response and disease-specific prognosis were largely comparable between NSND and smoking/drinking patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Adeoye
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jia Yan Tan
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Cheuk Man Ip
- Department of Anesthesia, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Siu-Wai Choi
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Peter Thomson
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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