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Guha PK, Magar ND, Kommana M, Barbadikar KM, Suneel B, Gokulan C, Lakshmi DV, Patel HK, Sonti RV, Sundaram RM, Madhav MS. Strong culm: a crucial trait for developing next-generation climate-resilient rice lines. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 30:665-686. [PMID: 38737321 PMCID: PMC11087419 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-024-01445-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Lodging, a phenomenon characterized by the bending or breaking of rice plants, poses substantial constraints on productivity, particularly during the harvesting phase in regions susceptible to strong winds. The rice strong culm trait is influenced by the intricate interplay of genetic, physiological, epigenetic, and environmental factors. Stem architecture, encompassing morphological and anatomical attributes, alongside the composition of both structural and non-structural carbohydrates, emerges as a critical determinant of lodging resistance. The adaptive response of the rice culm to various biotic and abiotic environmental factors further modulates the propensity for lodging. Advancements in next-generation sequencing technologies have expedited the genetic dissection of lodging resistance, enabling the identification of pertinent genes, quantitative trait loci, and novel alleles. Concurrently, contemporary breeding strategies, ranging from biparental approaches to more sophisticated methods such as multi-parent-based breeding, gene pyramiding, genomic selection, genome-wide association studies, and haplotype-based breeding, offer perspectives on the genetic underpinnings of culm strength. This review comprehensively delves into physiological attributes, culm histology, epigenetic determinants, and gene expression profiles associated with lodging resistance, with a specialized focus on leveraging next-generation sequencing for candidate gene discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritam Kanti Guha
- Department of Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, India
- Department of Microbiology, Yogi Vemana University., Y.S.R Kadapa, India
| | - Nakul D. Magar
- Department of Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - Madhavilatha Kommana
- Department of Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - Kalyani M. Barbadikar
- Department of Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - B. Suneel
- Department of Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - C. Gokulan
- Department of Biotechnology, CSIR-Center for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India
| | - D. Vijay Lakshmi
- Department of Microbiology, Yogi Vemana University., Y.S.R Kadapa, India
| | - Hitendra Kumar Patel
- Department of Biotechnology, CSIR-Center for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Ramesh V. Sonti
- Department of Biotechnology, CSIR-Center for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - R. M. Sundaram
- Department of Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - Maganti Sheshu Madhav
- Department of Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, India
- ICAR-Central Tobacco Research Institute, Rajahmundry, India
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Gangashetty PI, Belliappa SH, Bomma N, Kanuganahalli V, Sajja SB, Choudhary S, Gaviyappanavar R, Bomireddy D, Anil Kumar V, Pranati J, Sharma M, Pandey MK. Optimizing speed breeding and seed/pod chip based genotyping techniques in pigeonpea: A way forward for high throughput line development. PLANT METHODS 2024; 20:27. [PMID: 38355519 PMCID: PMC10865548 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-024-01155-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The challenge of pigeonpea breeding lies in its photosensitivity and seasonal specificity. This poses a problem to the breeder, as it restricts to single generation advancement in a year. Currently, the cross to cultivar gap is twelve to thirteen years resulting in a limited number of varietal releases over the past six decades. Shortening the breeding cycle was need of the hour, unlikely achieved by conventional breeding. To overcome these hindrances speed breeding was a necessary leap. An experiment was planned to optimize the speed breeding coupled with single seed descent and seed or pod chip-based genotyping to shorten the breeding cycle in pigeonpea at ICRISAT, Hyderabad. Monitored photoperiod, light wavelength, temperature and crop management regime were the indicators attributing to the success of speed breeding. RESULT A photoperiod of 13 h: 8 h: 13 h at vegetative: flowering and pod filling stages is ideal for shortening the breeding cycle. Broad spectrum light (5700 K LED) hastened early vegetative growth and pod formation. Whereas far-red (735 nm) light favoured early flowering. A significant difference between the photoperiods, genotypes as well as photoperiod x genotype interaction for both days to flowering and plant height was noted. CONCLUSION The optimized protocol serves as a road map for rapid generation advancement in pigeonpea. Deploying this protocol, it is possible to advance 2-4 generations per year. The breeding cycle can be reduced to 2-4 years which otherwise takes 7 years under conventional breeding. Single Seed Descent and seed or pod chip-based genotyping for early generation marker assisted selection, strengthened the precision of this technique aiding in high throughput line development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash I Gangashetty
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, Telangana, 502 324, India.
| | - Shruthi H Belliappa
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, Telangana, 502 324, India
| | - Naresh Bomma
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, Telangana, 502 324, India
| | - Vinutha Kanuganahalli
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, Telangana, 502 324, India
| | - Sobhan Babu Sajja
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, Telangana, 502 324, India
| | - Sunita Choudhary
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, Telangana, 502 324, India
| | - Ramanagouda Gaviyappanavar
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, Telangana, 502 324, India
| | - Deekshitha Bomireddy
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, Telangana, 502 324, India
| | - V Anil Kumar
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, Telangana, 502 324, India
| | - Jwala Pranati
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, Telangana, 502 324, India
| | - Mamta Sharma
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, Telangana, 502 324, India
| | - Manish K Pandey
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, Telangana, 502 324, India
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