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Leung AKC, Barankin B, Lam JM, Leong KF. Childhood guttate psoriasis: an updated review. Drugs Context 2023; 12:2023-8-2. [PMID: 37908643 PMCID: PMC10615329 DOI: 10.7573/dic.2023-8-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Guttate psoriasis is common and affects 0.5-2% of individuals in the paediatric age group. This review aims to familiarize physicians with the clinical manifestations, evaluation, diagnosis and proper management of guttate psoriasis. Methods A search was conducted in July 2023 in PubMed Clinical Queries using the key term "guttate psoriasis". The search strategy included all observational studies, clinical trials and reviews published within the past 10 years. The information retrieved from the search was used in the compilation of the present article. Results Guttate psoriasis typically presents with an abrupt onset of numerous, small, scattered, tear-drop-shaped, scaly, erythematous, pruritic papules and plaques. Sites of predilection include the trunk and proximal extremities. There may be a history of preceding streptococcal infection. Koebner phenomenon is characteristic. Guttate psoriasis may spontaneously remit within 3-4 months with no residual scarring, may intermittently recur and, in 40-50% of cases, may persist and progress to chronic plaque psoriasis. Given the possibility for spontaneous remission within several months, active treatment may not be necessary except for cosmetic purposes or because of pruritus. On the other hand, given the high rates of persistence of guttate psoriasis and progression to chronic plaque psoriasis, some authors suggest active treatment of this condition. Conclusion Various treatment options are available for guttate psoriasis. Triggering and exacerbating factors should be avoided if possible. Topical corticosteroids alone or in combination with other topical agents (e.g. tazarotene and vitamin D analogues) are the most rapid and efficient treatment for guttate psoriasis and are therefore the first-line treatment for mild cases. Other topical therapies include vitamin D analogues, calcineurin inhibitors, anthralin, coal tar and tazarotene. Ultraviolet phototherapy is the first-line therapy for moderate-to-severe guttate psoriasis, as it is more practical than topical therapy when treating widespread or numerous small lesions. Systemic immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory therapies (e.g. methotrexate, cyclosporine, retinoids, fumaric acid esters and biologics) may be considered for patients with moderate-to-severe guttate psoriasis who fail to respond to phototherapy and topical therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander KC Leung
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- The Alberta Children’s Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Joseph M Lam
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Dermatology and Skin Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- BC Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kin Fon Leong
- Pediatric Institute, Kuala Lumpur General Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Zhao Y, Sullivan E, Son MB, Beukelman T. Psoriasis rate is increased by the exposure to TNF inhibition in children with JIA. Ann Rheum Dis 2022; 81:662-665. [PMID: 35086815 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-221694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the relationship between tumour necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) therapy and the onset of new psoriasis in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) using Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance (CARRA) Registry data. METHODS De-identified data were obtained from the CARRA Registry. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease or psoriasis documented on or prior to JIA diagnosis date or with incomplete data were excluded. Exposure to TNFi was categorised as: (1) ever use; (2) current use or (3) first use only. Adjusted HRs (aHRs) were calculated between exposed and unexposed groups adjusted for methotrexate exposure, sex, race, family history of psoriasis and initial JIA category. RESULTS A total of 8225 patients were included with a median follow-up of 3.9 years. Over half of the patients were prescribed TNFi (n=4437, 54%). The aHR of new onset of psoriasis after ever exposure to TNFi was 2.93 (2.15 to 3.98). The incidence rate of psoriasis was the highest in children ever receiving and actively receiving adalimumab. Ever concurrent methotrexate use (HR 0.45, 0.29 to 0.69) was associated with lower risk. CONCLUSION In a large prospective JIA patient registry, we observed a nearly threefold increased risk of psoriasis after TNFi exposureCite Now.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongdong Zhao
- Center of Clincial and Translational Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA .,School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Erin Sullivan
- Center of Clincial and Translational Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Mary Beth Son
- Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Timothy Beukelman
- School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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Rosenwasser N, Lee D, Sidbury R, Zhao Y. Paradoxical Psoriasis in Children Receiving Anti-TNFα Treatment for Inflammatory/autoimmune Disease. Paediatr Drugs 2021; 23:131-141. [PMID: 33761130 DOI: 10.1007/s40272-021-00440-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitors (TNFi) are widely used in children with autoimmune and autoinflammatory conditions. Although TNFi are approved to treat psoriasis, they have also been shown to paradoxically induce psoriasiform lesions. In this review, we aim to focus on the clinical presentation and management of paradoxical psoriasis after exposure to TNFi in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), or chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis (CNO). A narrative review of the literature was performed given the limited number of publications on this topic. Children with IBD, CNO, and JIA have a higher risk of developing psoriasis at baseline, which increases after TNFi use in those with JIA and IBD. Risk factors for paradoxical psoriasis remain incompletely defined, and patients with IBD and/or CNO develop paradoxical psoriasis more commonly than those with JIA. Sex, race, and family history were not significantly associated with paradoxical psoriasis. The most commonly implicated TNFi include infliximab and adalimumab. Paradoxical psoriasis occurs in a similar distribution on the body to isolated psoriatic lesions and is morphologically indistinguishable. In many instances, topical therapies are effective in treating psoriasis and children can continue on TNFi for their primary disease. If lesions are severe or unacceptable to patients, TNFi may be switched or discontinued. Further research is needed to better characterize risk factors and understand the mechanism of disease pathogenesis. Pediatric health care providers who prescribe TNFi should counsel families regarding the risk of paradoxical psoriasis prior to starting the medication and monitor for new cutaneous eruptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Rosenwasser
- Pediatric Rheumatology, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington, MA 7.110, 4800 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| | - Dale Lee
- Pediatric gastroenterology, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Robert Sidbury
- Pediatric Dermatology, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yongdong Zhao
- Pediatric Rheumatology, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington, MA 7.110, 4800 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA. .,Center of clinical and translational research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA.
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4
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Paradoxical Reactions to Biologic Therapy in Psoriasis: A Review of the Literature. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adengl.2018.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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Brandon TG, Manos CK, Xiao R, Ogdie A, Weiss PF. Pediatric psoriatic arthritis: a population-based cohort study of risk factors for onset and subsequent risk of inflammatory comorbidities. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 3:131-136. [PMID: 31355354 DOI: 10.1177/2475530318799072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Relatively little is known about the epidemiology of juvenile psoriatic arthritis (PsA), including clinical features associated with the development of arthritis among children with psoriasis and subsequent risk of inflammatory comorbidities. Objective To identify the overall risk of arthritis among children with psoriasis and subsequent risk of inflammatory comorbidities. Methods Using Clinformatics™ DataMart (OptumInsight, Eden Prairie, MN) de-identified US administrative claims data from 2000-2013, we identified children 0-16 years with an incident diagnosis of psoriasis or PsA using ICD-9-CM diagnostic, procedure and pharmacy billing codes. Cox proportional hazard regression was performed to assess clinical features associated with development of arthritis in children with psoriasis. Incidence rate ratios were used to compare the relative frequency of co-morbid diagnoses. Results We identified 212 children with PsA, 4,312 with psoriasis-only, and 45,240 controls. Approximately 33% of children with PsA received a diagnostic code for psoriasis before arthritis. Median time to index code for arthritis after index code for psoriasis was 17.6 months (IQR 4.1-38.1). Older age and uveitis were associated with a significantly increased risk of developing arthritis in children with psoriasis. Children with PsA had a significantly increased risk of uveitis, diabetes, and depressive disorder when compared to patients with psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease, uveitis, diabetes, and depressive disorder when compared to controls. Conclusion Most children with PsA developed arthritis first. Older age and uveitis were risk factors for arthritis among children with psoriasis. PsA was associated with increased risk of several clinically relevant inflammatory comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy G Brandon
- Division of Rheumatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Center for Pediatric Clinical Effectiveness (CPCE), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Center for Pharmacoepidemiology Research and Training (CPeRT), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Cynthia K Manos
- Division of Rheumatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Rui Xiao
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Alexis Ogdie
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Division of Rheumatology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Pamela F Weiss
- Division of Rheumatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Center for Pediatric Clinical Effectiveness (CPCE), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Center for Pharmacoepidemiology Research and Training (CPeRT), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Munera-Campos M, Ballesca F, Carrascosa JM. Paradoxical Reactions to Biologic Therapy in Psoriasis: A Review of the Literature. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2018; 109:791-800. [PMID: 29903464 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2018.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Biologic drugs, which are molecules designed to act on specific immune system targets, have been shown to be very effective in treating various dermatological, rheumatological, and systemic diseases. As a group, they have an acceptable safety profile, but their use has been associated with the onset of both systemic and organ-specific inflammatory conditions. True paradoxical reactions are immune-mediated disorders that would usually respond to the biologic agent that causes them. There is still debate about whether certain other adverse reactions can be said to be paradoxical. The hypotheses proposed to explain the pathogenesis of such reactions include an imbalance in cytokine production, with an overproduction of IFN-α and altered lymphocyte recruitment and migration (mediated in part by CXCR3), and the production of autoantibodies. Some biologic therapies favor granulomatous reactions. While most of the paradoxical reactions reported have been associated with the use of TNF-α inhibitors, cases associated with more recently introduced biologic therapies -such as ustekinumab, secukinumab, and ixekizumab- are increasingly common. The study of paradoxical adverse events not only favors better management of these reactions in patients receiving biologic therapy, but also improves our knowledge of the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases and helps to identify potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Munera-Campos
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Barcelona, España.
| | - F Ballesca
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Barcelona, España
| | - J M Carrascosa
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Barcelona, España
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Abstract
Exacerbation of preexisting and development of new-onset psoriasis have been reported secondary to interferon treatment and, more recently, with newer biologic agents. We report a case of interferon-induced psoriasis in an adolescent with hepatitis C, a rarely reported medication reaction in children. This case highlights the importance of reviewing a patient's medication list when evaluating cutaneous disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen L Mendieta
- College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mahwish Irfan
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital and College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Esteban Fernandez Faith
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital and College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Bertrand V, El Haite A, Carré D. Efficiency of Ustekinumab in Crohn's Disease with Severe Psoriasiform Rash Induced by Biotherapies in an Adolescent. Pediatr Dermatol 2017; 34:e214-e215. [PMID: 28436109 DOI: 10.1111/pde.13138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Ustekinumab is approved for the treatment of psoriasis in adolescents and for the treatment of moderate to severe Crohn's disease (CD) in adults, but data are lacking in pediatric CD. We report a case of severe psoriasis induced by biotherapies in an adolescent with CD that improved after switching to ustekinumab (90 mg at weeks 0, 2, and 4 and then every 8 weeks). The patient had not experienced CD relapse after 1 year of follow-up. Ustekinumab can be an alternative therapy for psoriasis induced by biotherapies when conventional treatment fails and can maintain remission of CD.
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