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Bassi M, Scalas M, Spacco G, Perasso V, Franzone D, Strati MF, Dufour F, Lionetti B, Rizza F, Parodi S, d’Annunzio G, Minuto N. Management of Type 1 Diabetes in a school setting: effectiveness of an online training program for school staff. Front Public Health 2024; 11:1228975. [PMID: 38239792 PMCID: PMC10794362 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1228975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Since Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) onset usually occurs at a young age, a relevant number of affected people attend school for most of their time; it is necessary that school personnel receive appropriate education and training. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the online training program offered by IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini during and after COVID-19 pandemic. Methods The Institute's Diabetes team offered an online training program to school staff of the Region during COVID-19 pandemic. A validated questionnaire was proposed to all the schools in which training meetings were held in the previous 2 years (2020-2021 and 2021-2022). The questionnaire consisted of four sections: Section 1 (Socio-demographical data), Section 2 (Theoretical knowledge on T1D), Section 3 (Confidence in handling T1D), and Section 4 (Practical skills and Glucagon Administration). To evaluate the effectiveness of the online training program, the answers between participants (Group A) and non-participants (Group B) were then compared. Results 225 subjects from 19 schools participated in the survey. People who participated to the training (Group A, n = 53) demonstrated better T1D theoretical knowledge compared to non-participants (Group B, n = 154; p < 0.001). Group A revealed to feel more confident in the management of children with T1D during scholastic (p = 0.006) and extra-scholastic activities (p = 0.01), in supporting the children in the administration of insulin (p < 0.001) and in recognizing hypoglycaemia (p = 0.006). Moreover, results confirmed good levels of confidence among scholastic personnel who participated in the training of administration of glucagon in case of severe hypoglycaemia. Conclusion School staff who took part in the online training program on management of T1D showed better theoretical knowledge and better confidence in the management of daily needs and possible emergencies of students with T1D. It appears essential to offer educational programs on T1D for school staff by implementing the use of technological tools to reach a wider population. Moreover, it is advisable to offer a more practical approach, involving educational nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Bassi
- Pediatric Clinic and Endocrinology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marta Scalas
- Pediatric Clinic and Endocrinology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giordano Spacco
- Pediatric Clinic and Endocrinology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Viola Perasso
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Daniele Franzone
- Pediatric Clinic and Endocrinology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marina Francesca Strati
- Pediatric Clinic and Endocrinology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesca Dufour
- Pediatric Clinic and Endocrinology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Barbara Lionetti
- Pediatric Clinic and Endocrinology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesca Rizza
- Pediatric Clinic and Endocrinology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Stefano Parodi
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Scientific Directorate, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe d’Annunzio
- Pediatric Clinic and Endocrinology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Nicola Minuto
- Pediatric Clinic and Endocrinology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
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ÇİFTCİ N, ÇAMTOSUN E, DÜNDAR İ, AKINCI A. Ana sınıfında veya ilkokulda okuyan tip 1 diabetes mellitus tanılı çocukların okulda hastalık yönetimi ile ilgili yaşadıkları sorunlar. EGE TIP DERGISI 2023. [DOI: 10.19161/etd.1262450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Amaç: Tip 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) tanılı çocuklar diyabet öz bakımında gözetime ihtiyaç duymaktadırlar ve günün önemli bir kısmını geçirdikleri okuldaki koşullar hastalık yönetimini
etkilemektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, T1DM tanılı ana sınıfı ve ilkokul çağındaki çocukların okulda hastalık yönetimi ile ilgili karşılaştıkları sorunları ortaya koymaktır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu kesitsel çalışmaya T1DM tanılı 5-10 yaş aralığındaki 50 hasta dahil edildi. Literatür doğrultusunda araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen okulda diyabet yönetimiyle ilgili anket,
Google anket formu aracılığıyla hasta ve/veya ebeveynleri tarafından dolduruldu. Elde edilen veriler tanımlayıcı istatistiksel yöntemlerle analiz edildi.
Bulgular: Hastaların ortalama diyabet süreleri 5,39±2,56 yıldı. Olguların %94’ü devlet okuluna gidiyordu. Okulların %78’inde sağlık bakım odası, %92’sinde hemşire/sağlık personeli yoktu. Olguların %86’sı okulda ana öğün alıyordu, ancak bunların büyük çoğunluğu öğününü evden getiriyor veya eve gidip yiyordu. Beslenme ile ilgili en sık sorun okulda diyete uygun olmayan gıdaların tüketilmesiydi. Çocukların %6’sında okulda kan şekeri ölçümü yapılmıyordu. Okulda hipoglisemi yaşamış olanların sıklığı %40 olup en sık müdahale eden kişi öğretmendi (%55). Okulda insülin uygulanan çocukların %77,5’inde uygulamayı anne veya baba yapıyordu. İnsülin uygulamada yaşanan en sık sorunlar okulda uygulayabilecek kişinin ve uygun ortamın olmaması idi. Beden eğitimine katılım %98’di. Çocuklar öğretmen ve okul yönetiminden yüksek oranda olumlu yaklaşım görürken, %18 çocuk,arkadaşlarının olumsuz yaklaşımına maruz kalmaktaydı.
Sonuç: T1DM tanılı çocuklar okulda beslenme, kan şekeri ölçümü ve insülin uygulama konularında zorluklar yaşamaktadırlar. Okullarda sağlık bakım odası ve/veya sağlık personeli çoğunlukla
bulunmamaktadır. Okulda insülin uygulama konusunda deneyimli kişi olmaması nedeniyle bunu genellikle ebeveynler yapmaktadır.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurdan ÇİFTCİ
- Malatya Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Pediatrik Endokrinoloji Kliniği, Malatya, Türkiye
| | - Emine ÇAMTOSUN
- İnönü Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Pediatrik Endokrinoloji Kliniği, Malatya, Türkiye
| | - İsmail DÜNDAR
- İnönü Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Pediatrik Endokrinoloji Kliniği, Malatya, Türkiye
| | - Ayşehan AKINCI
- İnönü Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Pediatrik Endokrinoloji Kliniği, Malatya, Türkiye
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ALSHAMMARI FAWZHMUZIL, HARIDI HASSANKASIM. Teachers' knowledge about type 1 diabetes in public female elementary schools in Northern Saudi Arabia. JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE AND HYGIENE 2021; 62:E673-E680. [PMID: 34909495 PMCID: PMC8639111 DOI: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2021.62.3.2064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Saudi Arabia ranks the 4th country in the world in incidence rate of Type 1 Diabetes (T1D), which is usually diagnosed in children and teens. Managing T1D at school is important for children's short- and long-term health. Little is known about how much teachers are compatible to support students with diabetes in schools in northern Saudi Arabia. The aim of this study was to assess factual knowledge about T1D among teachers in public female elementary schools. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a cross-sectional survey conducted in 18 elementary schools in Hail region, during October 16, 2019 to January 23, 2020. A structured self- administered questionnaire approached all school teachers and other school staff caring students (n = 600). RESULTS A total of 504 questionnaires received completed (84.0% response rate). Overall, 220 (43.7%) teachers reported having had or currently having a student/s with T1D. Only a small percentage (10.8%) who stated that they had received training to support students with T1D. Participant attained an overall fair knowledge score (13.20 ± 3.81 on 20-point scale; 66.0%), however, only 27.3% who attained good score (≥ 80%) compatible with being an effective support person for students with diabetes. The multivariate logistic regression model, revealed that: (1) received training [adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR: 3.38; p < 0.001); (2) have/ever had diabetic student/s (aOR: 2.02; p = 0.002); (3) teacher himself is diabetic or have a near contact diabetic person (aOR: 2.35; p = 0.001); (4) family history of diabetes (aOR: 1.84; p = 0.015); and (5) teacher's capacity to inject insulin (aOR: 1; p = 0.003), were factors that predicted teacher's good knowledge. CONCLUSION Teachers in female elementary schools in our region need to improve their knowledge about diabetes in children, especially recognizing and management of diabetic emergencies. Training programs are crucially needed to empower teachers with knowledge and self-confidence in helping students with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - HASSAN KASIM HARIDI
- Health Affairs, Hail Region, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: Hassan Kasim Haridi, Academic Affairs & Postgraduate Studies, General Directorate of Health Affairs, Najran region King Saud Bin Abdel Aziz Road, Najran City, Saudi Arabia - Tel.: +966507114741- E-mail:
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