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Lin X, Chu J, Xiang Y, He M, Ma Q, Duan J, Wang Y, Sun S. Kangfuxin liquid reduces the ultraviolet B-induced photodamage of HaCaT cells by regulating autophagy. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2023; 87:1485-1494. [PMID: 37682519 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbad130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Kangfuxin liquid (KFX), an extract of the American cockroach, has been clinically proven to be effective in various skin damage disorders, but there are no reports on its use in photodamage. We explored the effect of KFX on ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced photodamage and whether its mechanism was related to autophagy. We found that KFX treatment reduced UVB-induced reactive oxygen species production and improved the vitality of cells inhibited by UVB irradiation. The expression of LC3 (A/B), which was inhibited after UVB irradiation, could be rescued by KFX treatment. Furthermore, KFX may upregulate the level of cellular autophagy by regulating the AMPK-mTOR signaling pathway. When the autophagy inhibitor wortmannin was used to inhibit autophagy, the protective effect of KFX on cells was diminished or even disappeared. Our study suggests that KFX may resist UVB-mediated oxidative stress damage of HaCaT through the induction of autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghong Lin
- College of Clinical Medicine, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Jimin Chu
- Department of Skin Medical Beauty, People's Hospital of Pengshui County, Pengshui, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Human Aging in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Miao He
- College of Pharmacy and Chemistry, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Qiong Ma
- Department of Medical Cosmetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Jingxian Duan
- Department of Medical Cosmetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Medical Cosmetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Sujiao Sun
- Department of Medical Cosmetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
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Wu AYT, Sekar P, Huang DY, Hsu SH, Chan CM, Lin WW. Spatiotemporal roles of AMPK in PARP-1- and autophagy-dependent retinal pigment epithelial cell death caused by UVA. J Biomed Sci 2023; 30:91. [PMID: 37936170 PMCID: PMC10629085 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-023-00978-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although stimulating autophagy caused by UV has been widely demonstrated in skin cells to exert cell protection, it remains unknown the cellular events in UVA-treated retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. METHODS Human ARPE-19 cells were used to measure cell viability, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), mitochondrial mass and lysosomal mass by flow cytometry. Mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate (OCR) was recorded using Seahorse XF flux analyzer. Confocal microscopic images were performed to indicate the mitochondrial dynamics, LC3 level, and AMPK translocation after UVA irradiation. RESULTS We confirmed mitochondrial ROS production and DNA damage are two major features caused by UVA. We found the cell death is prevented by autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine and gene silencing of ATG5, and UVA induces ROS-dependent LC3II expression, LC3 punctate and TFEB expression, suggesting the autophagic death in the UVA-stressed RPE cells. Although PARP-1 inhibitor olaparib increases DNA damage, ROS production, and cell death, it also blocks AMPK activation caused by UVA. Interestingly we found a dramatic nuclear export of AMPK upon UVA irradiation which is blocked by N-acetylcysteine and olaparib. In addition, UVA exposure gradually decreases lysosomal mass and inhibits cathepsin B activity at late phase due to lysosomal dysfunction. Nevertheless, cathepsin B inhibitor, CA-074Me, reverses the death extent, suggesting the contribution of cathepsin B in the death pathway. When examining the role of EGFR in cellular events caused by UVA, we found that UVA can rapidly transactivate EGFR, and treatment with EGFR TKIs (gefitinib and afatinib) enhances the cell death accompanied by the increased LC3II formation, ROS production, loss of MMP and mass of mitochondria and lysosomes. Although AMPK activation by ROS-PARP-1 mediates autophagic cell death, we surprisingly found that pretreatment of cells with AMPK activators (A769662 and metformin) reverses cell death. Concomitantly, both agents block UVA-induced mitochondrial ROS production, autophagic flux, and mitochondrial fission without changing the inhibition of cathepsin B. CONCLUSION UVA exposure rapidly induces ROS-PARP-1-AMPK-autophagic flux and late lysosomal dysfunction. Pre-inducing AMPK activation can prevent cellular events caused by UVA and provide a new protective strategy in photo-oxidative stress and photo-retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Yan-Tang Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Chemical Biology and Molecular Biophysics Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ponarulselvam Sekar
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Duen-Yi Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hao Hsu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ming Chan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
| | - Wan-Wan Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Chemical Biology and Molecular Biophysics Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Safdar MA, Aslam RMN, Shakeel A, Shiza, Waqar M, Jmail A, Mehmood MH, Gul H. Cyanidin as potential anticancer agent targeting various proliferative pathways. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 101:438-452. [PMID: 36326796 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A natural compound cyanidin, which is a type of anthocyanin present in pigmented leaves, fruits, and flowers; distributed widely in berries, apples, and oranges possess anticancer activities, thus curing various types of cancer such as breast, liver, lung, prostate, and thyroid cancer. The article provides an insight into the potential of using a single phytochemical, cyanidin to treat various cancer types including breast, liver, lung, prostate, and thyroid cancer. Information about cyanidin and its pharmacological impact on cancer was collected from books, scientific journals, and reports through electronic data search (Web of Science, Scifinder, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Elsevier, Springer, Wiley, ACS, Science Direct, CNKI as well as Kew Plants of the Word Online) and library. Cyanidin produces its effects against cancer probably by inhibiting (RAS, MAPK) and activating (caspases-3 and P-38) innovative molecular pathways. It may cause cell cycle arrest, cell differentiation processes and changes in redox status which trigger the cytotoxic chemotherapeutic effects. However, it also optimizes the chemotherapeutic targets which are cancer cells less responsive to chemotherapy. Cancer is considered the most widely spread disease and cyanidin from natural origin provides an essential role in treatment of cancer by approaching various mechanistic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Azhaf Safdar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government, College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rana Muhammad Nabeel Aslam
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government, College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Amna Shakeel
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government, College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shiza
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government, College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mashael Waqar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government, College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdullah Jmail
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government, College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Malik Hassan Mehmood
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government, College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Humaira Gul
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government, College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Peniche-Pavía HA, Guzmán TJ, Magaña-Cerino JM, Gurrola-Díaz CM, Tiessen A. Maize Flavonoid Biosynthesis, Regulation, and Human Health Relevance: A Review. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27165166. [PMID: 36014406 PMCID: PMC9413827 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Maize is one of the most important crops for human and animal consumption and contains a chemical arsenal essential for survival: flavonoids. Moreover, flavonoids are well known for their beneficial effects on human health. In this review, we decided to organize the information about maize flavonoids into three sections. In the first section, we include updated information about the enzymatic pathway of maize flavonoids. We describe a total of twenty-one genes for the flavonoid pathway of maize. The first three genes participate in the general phenylpropanoid pathway. Four genes are common biosynthetic early genes for flavonoids, and fourteen are specific genes for the flavonoid subgroups, the anthocyanins, and flavone C-glycosides. The second section explains the tissue accumulation and regulation of flavonoids by environmental factors affecting the expression of the MYB-bHLH-WD40 (MBW) transcriptional complex. The study of transcription factors of the MBW complex is fundamental for understanding how the flavonoid profiles generate a palette of colors in the plant tissues. Finally, we also include an update of the biological activities of C3G, the major maize anthocyanin, including anticancer, antidiabetic, and antioxidant effects, among others. This review intends to disclose and integrate the existing knowledge regarding maize flavonoid pigmentation and its relevance in the human health sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor A. Peniche-Pavía
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional Unidad Irapuato, Libramiento Norte Km. 9.6, Irapuato 36824, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Tereso J. Guzmán
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jesús M. Magaña-Cerino
- División Académica de Ciencias de la Salud, Centro de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Av. Gregorio Méndez Magaña 2838-A, Col. Tamulté de las Barrancas, Villahermosa 86150, Tabasco, Mexico
| | - Carmen M. Gurrola-Díaz
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónico Degenerativas, Instituto Transdisciplinar de Investigación e Innovación en Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, C. Sierra Mojada 950. Col. Independencia, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-33-10585200 (ext. 33930)
| | - Axel Tiessen
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional Unidad Irapuato, Libramiento Norte Km. 9.6, Irapuato 36824, Guanajuato, Mexico
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Lee JH, Park J, Shin DW. The Molecular Mechanism of Polyphenols with Anti-Aging Activity in Aged Human Dermal Fibroblasts. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144351. [PMID: 35889225 PMCID: PMC9322955 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin is the largest organ in the body comprised of three different layers including the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis. The dermis is mainly composed of dermal fibroblasts and extracellular matrix (ECM), such as collagen and elastin, which are strongly related to skin elasticity and firmness. Skin is continuously exposed to different kinds of environmental stimuli. For example, ultraviolet (UV) radiation, air pollutants, or smoking aggravates skin aging. These external stimuli accelerate the aging process by reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated signaling pathways and even cause aging-related diseases. Skin aging is characterized by elasticity loss, wrinkle formation, a reduced dermal-epidermal junction, and delayed wound healing. Thus, many studies have shown that natural polyphenol compounds can delay the aging process by regulating age-related signaling pathways in aged dermal fibroblasts. This review first highlights the relationship between aging and its related molecular mechanisms. Then, we discuss the function and underlying mechanism of various polyphenols for improving skin aging. This study may provide essential insights for developing functional cosmetics and future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo Hwa Lee
- College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea;
| | - Jooho Park
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate School, BK21 Program, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea;
| | - Dong Wook Shin
- College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-43-840-3693
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Wang YJ, Chang CC, Lu ME, Wu YH, Shen JW, Chiang HM, Lin BS. Photoaging and Sequential Function Reversal with Cellular-Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography in a Nude Mice Model. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137009. [PMID: 35806013 PMCID: PMC9266384 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Although nude mice are an ideal photoaging research model, skin biopsies result in inflammation and are rarely performed at baseline. Meanwhile, studies on antiphotoaging antioxidants or rejuvenation techniques often neglect the spontaneous reversal capacity. Full-field optical coherence tomography (FFOCT) can acquire cellular details noninvasively. This study aimed to establish a photoaging and sequential function reversal nude mice model assisted by an in vivo cellular resolution FFOCT system. We investigated whether a picosecond alexandrite laser (PAL) with a diffractive lens array (DLA) accelerated the reversal. In the sequential noninvasive assessment using FFOCT, a spectrophotometer, and DermaLab Combo®, the photodamage percentage recovery plot demonstrated the spontaneous recovery capacity of the affected skin by UVB-induced transepidermal water loss and UVA-induced epidermis thickening. A PAL with DLA not only accelerated skin barrier regeneration with epidermal polarity, but also increased dermal neocollagenesis, whereas the nonlasered group still had >60% collagen intensity loss and 40% erythema from photodamage. Our study demonstrated that FFOCT images accurately resemble the living tissue. The photoaging and sequential function reversal model provides a reference to assess the spontaneous recovery capacity of nude mice from photodamage. This model can be utilized to evaluate the sequential noninvasive photodamage and reversal effects after other interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Jen Wang
- Department of Dermatology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10449, Taiwan; (Y.-J.W.); (Y.-H.W.)
- Department of Cosmetic Applications and Management, MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, New Taipei City 25245, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Cheng Chang
- Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung 40433, Taiwan; (M.-E.L.); (J.-W.S.); (H.-M.C.)
- Institute of Imaging and Biomedical Photonics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Tainan 71150, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404332, Taiwan
- Aesthetic Medical Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-04-22052121 (ext. 2020 or 2021) or +886-975365540; Fax: +886-04-22031270
| | - Meng-En Lu
- Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung 40433, Taiwan; (M.-E.L.); (J.-W.S.); (H.-M.C.)
| | - Yu-Hung Wu
- Department of Dermatology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10449, Taiwan; (Y.-J.W.); (Y.-H.W.)
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City 25245, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Wei Shen
- Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung 40433, Taiwan; (M.-E.L.); (J.-W.S.); (H.-M.C.)
| | - Hsiu-Mei Chiang
- Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung 40433, Taiwan; (M.-E.L.); (J.-W.S.); (H.-M.C.)
| | - Bor-Shyh Lin
- Institute of Imaging and Biomedical Photonics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Tainan 71150, Taiwan;
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Zabady S, Mahran N, Soltan MA, Alaa Eldeen M, Eid RA, Albogami S, Fayad E, Matboli M, Habib EK, Hasanin AH, A. Ali M, Mesbah NM, Abo-Elmatty DM, Abdel-Hamed AR. Cyanidin-3-Glucoside Modulates hsa_circ_0001345/miRNA106b/ATG16L1 Axis Expression as a Potential Protective Mechanism against Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:1677-1687. [PMID: 35723373 PMCID: PMC9164082 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44040115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common form of malignancy in the liver. Autophagy was found to have a significant effect in controlling HCC. Anthocyanins, which are naturally occurring pigments in a variety of fruits and vegetables, have been thoroughly documented to be involved in a variety of bioactive activities and are widely employed for their antioxidant capabilities. Cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) extracted from Morus alba L. has promising antioxidant and anti-tumour activities. The current study aims to examine the protective action of C3G against hepatocellular carcinoma through the investigation of the autophagy protein ATG16L1 expression along with its related RNA molecules (hsa_circ_0001345 and miRNA106b) in Wistar rats. In vivo precancerous lesions (PCL) were induced using diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and acetamidofluorene (2-AAF). Rats were treated with C3G (10, 15, and 20 mg/kg; 4 times weekly) for 112 days (16 weeks). Liver function tests, alfa fetoprotein, ATG16L1 expression, hsa_circ_0001345, and miRNA106b differential expression were examined. Liver sections were examined by histological and immunohistochemical approaches. The current study’s findings indicated that C3G administration protects against the negative effects of DEN-2-AAF on liver functions and liver histopathological sections, which nominated C3G as a potential prophylactic agent against HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaimaa Zabady
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University, Ismailia 16020, Egypt;
| | - Nievin Mahran
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Sinai University, Ismailia 16020, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed A. Soltan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University, Ismailia 16020, Egypt
- Correspondence: (M.A.S.); (M.A.E.); Tel.: +20-1004185481 (M.A.S.); +20-1090036420 (M.A.E.)
| | - Muhammad Alaa Eldeen
- Cell Biology, Histology & Genetics Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Alsharquia 44519, Egypt
- Correspondence: (M.A.S.); (M.A.E.); Tel.: +20-1004185481 (M.A.S.); +20-1090036420 (M.A.E.)
| | - Refaat A. Eid
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 12573, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sarah Albogami
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (E.F.)
| | - Eman Fayad
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (E.F.)
| | - Marwa Matboli
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
| | - Eman K. Habib
- Faculty of Medicine, Galala University, Galala City 43511, Egypt;
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Amany H. Hasanin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
| | - Mahmoud A. Ali
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Armed Forces College, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
| | - Noha M. Mesbah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (N.M.M.); (D.M.A.-E.); (A.R.A.-H.)
| | - Dina M. Abo-Elmatty
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (N.M.M.); (D.M.A.-E.); (A.R.A.-H.)
| | - Asmaa R. Abdel-Hamed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (N.M.M.); (D.M.A.-E.); (A.R.A.-H.)
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Pang Y, Wu S, He Y, Nian Q, Lei J, Yao Y, Guo J, Zeng J. Plant-Derived Compounds as Promising Therapeutics for Vitiligo. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:685116. [PMID: 34858164 PMCID: PMC8631938 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.685116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitiligo is the most common depigmenting disorder characterized by white patches in the skin. The pathogenetic origin of vitiligo revolves around autoimmune destruction of melanocytes in which, for instance, oxidative stress is responsible for melanocyte molecular, organelle dysfunction and melanocyte specific antigen exposure as well as melanocyte cell death and thus serves as an important contributor for vitiligo progression. In recent years, natural products have shown a wide range of pharmacological bioactivities against many skin diseases, and this review focuses on the effects and mechanisms of natural compounds against vitiligo models. It is showed that some natural compounds such as flavonoids, phenols, glycosides and coumarins have a protective role in melanocytes and thereby arrest the depigmentation, and, additionally, Nrf2/HO-1, MAPK, JAK/STAT, cAMP/PKA, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways were reported to be implicated in these protective effects. This review discusses the great potential of plant derived natural products as anti-vitiligo agents, as well as the future directions to explore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaobin Pang
- Dermatological Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shi Wu
- Dermatological Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yingjie He
- Dermatological Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Nian
- Dermatological Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Lei
- Dermatological Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yejing Yao
- Dermatological Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Dermatological Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinhao Zeng
- Geriatric Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Matboli M, Hasanin AH, Hussein R, El-Nakeep S, Habib EK, Ellackany R, Saleh LA. Cyanidin 3-glucoside modulated cell cycle progression in liver precancerous lesion, in vivo study. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:1435-1450. [PMID: 33911466 PMCID: PMC8047539 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i14.1435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (cyan) exhibits antioxidant and anticancer properties. The cell cycle proteins and antimitotic drugs might be promising therapeutic targets in hepatocellular carcinoma.
AIM To investigate the effect of cyan administration on cell cycle in hepatic precancerous lesion (PCL) induced by diethylnitrosamine/2-acetylaminofluorene (DEN/2-AAF) in Wistar rats.
METHODS In vivo, DEN/2-AAF-induced hepatic PCL, rats were treated with three doses of cyan (10, 15, and 20 mg/kg/d, for four consecutive days per week for 16 wk). Blood and liver tissue samples were collected for measurement of the followings; alpha fetoprotein (AFP) liver function and RNA panel differential expression was evaluated via real time polymerase chain reaction. Histopathological examination of liver sections stained with H&E and immunohistochemical study using glutathione S-transferase placental (GSTP) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) antibodies were assessed.
RESULTS Cyan administration mitigated the effect of DEN/2-AFF induced PCL, decreased AFP levels, and improved liver function. Remarkably, treatment with cyan dose dependently decreased the long non-coding RNA MALAT1 and tubulin gamma 1 mRNA expressions and increased the levels of miR-125b, all of which are involved in cell cycle and mitotic spindle assembly. Of note, cyan decreased GSTP foci percent area and PCNA positively stained nuclei.
CONCLUSION Our results indicated that cyan could be used as a potential therapeutic agent to inhibit liver carcinogenesis in rat model via modulation of cell cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Matboli
- Department of Biochemistry, Ain Shams Faculty of Medicine, Cairo 11318, Egypt
| | - Amany H Hasanin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Ain Shams Faculty of Medicine, Cairo 11381, Egypt
| | - Reham Hussein
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Ain Shams Faculty of Medicine, Cairo 11381, Egypt
| | - Sarah El-Nakeep
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Ain Shams Faculty of Medicine, Cairo 11381, Egypt
| | - Eman K Habib
- Department of Anatomy & Embryology, Ain Shams Faculty of Medicine, Cairo 11318, Egypt
| | - Rawan Ellackany
- Department of Undergraduate, Faculty of Medicine, Modern University for Technology and Information, Cairo 11381, Egypt
| | - Lobna A Saleh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Ain Shams Faculty of Medicine, Cairo 11381, Egypt
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Mosaddeghi P, Eslami M, Farahmandnejad M, Akhavein M, Ranjbarfarrokhi R, Khorraminejad-Shirazi M, Shahabinezhad F, Taghipour M, Dorvash M, Sakhteman A, Zarshenas MM, Nezafat N, Mobasheri M, Ghasemi Y. A systems pharmacology approach to identify the autophagy-inducing effects of Traditional Persian medicinal plants. Sci Rep 2021; 11:336. [PMID: 33431946 PMCID: PMC7801619 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79472-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is correlated with several complex diseases, including type 2 diabetes, neurodegeneration diseases, and cancer. Identifying the nature of this correlation and treatment of age-related diseases has been a major subject of both modern and traditional medicine. Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM) embodies many prescriptions for the treatment of ARDs. Given that autophagy plays a critical role in antiaging processes, the present study aimed to examine whether the documented effect of plants used in TPM might be relevant to the induction of autophagy? To this end, the TPM-based medicinal herbs used in the treatment of the ARDs were identified from modern and traditional references. The known phytochemicals of these plants were then examined against literature for evidence of having autophagy inducing effects. As a result, several plants were identified to have multiple active ingredients, which indeed regulate the autophagy or its upstream pathways. In addition, gene set enrichment analysis of the identified targets confirmed the collective contribution of the identified targets in autophagy regulating processes. Also, the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of the targets was reconstructed. Network centrality analysis of the PPI network identified mTOR as the key network hub. Given the well-documented role of mTOR in inhibiting autophagy, our results hence support the hypothesis that the antiaging mechanism of TPM-based medicines might involve autophagy induction. Chemoinformatics study of the phytochemicals using docking and molecular dynamics simulation identified, among other compounds, the cyclo-trijuglone of Juglans regia L. as a potential ATP-competitive inhibitor of mTOR. Our results hence, provide a basis for the study of TPM-based prescriptions using modern tools in the quest for developing synergistic therapies for ARDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pouria Mosaddeghi
- grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran ,grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 71345-1583, Shiraz, Iran ,grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran ,grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Cellular and Molecular Medicine Student Research Group, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahboobeh Eslami
- grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran ,grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 71345-1583, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mitra Farahmandnejad
- grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran ,grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 71345-1583, Shiraz, Iran ,grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran ,grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Cellular and Molecular Medicine Student Research Group, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahshad Akhavein
- grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran ,grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 71345-1583, Shiraz, Iran ,grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran ,grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Cellular and Molecular Medicine Student Research Group, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ratin Ranjbarfarrokhi
- grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran ,grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 71345-1583, Shiraz, Iran ,grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran ,grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Cellular and Molecular Medicine Student Research Group, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammadhossein Khorraminejad-Shirazi
- grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran ,grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Cellular and Molecular Medicine Student Research Group, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farbod Shahabinezhad
- grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran ,grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Cellular and Molecular Medicine Student Research Group, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammadjavad Taghipour
- grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran ,grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 71345-1583, Shiraz, Iran ,grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran ,grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Cellular and Molecular Medicine Student Research Group, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Dorvash
- grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran ,grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran ,grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Cellular and Molecular Medicine Student Research Group, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sakhteman
- grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran ,grid.9668.10000 0001 0726 2490Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mohammad M. Zarshenas
- grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Department of Phytopharmaceuticals (Traditional Pharmacy), School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran ,grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Navid Nezafat
- grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran ,grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 71345-1583, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Meysam Mobasheri
- grid.472338.9Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ,Iranian Institute of New Sciences (IINS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Younes Ghasemi
- grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran ,grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 71345-1583, Shiraz, Iran
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Wei T, Ji X, Xue J, Gao Y, Zhu X, Xiao G. Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside represses tumor growth and invasion in vivo by suppressing autophagy via inhibition of the JNK signaling pathways. Food Funct 2020; 12:387-396. [PMID: 33326533 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02107e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Black bean seed coat extract (BBSCE) contains a high amount of bioactive compounds which can reduce the risk of cancers, but the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood in vivo. Here using a Drosophila model of a malignant tumor, wherein the activated oncogene Raf (RafGOF) cooperates with loss-of-function mutations in the conserved tumor suppressor scribble (scrib-/-), we investigated the antitumor mechanism of BBSCE and its main active component cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) in vivo. The results showed that supplementation of either BBSCE or C3G inhibited the tumor growth and invasion of RafGOFscrib-/- and extended their survival in a dose dependent manner. Strikingly, the activation of both autonomous and non-autonomous autophagy in tumor flies was significantly reduced by C3G treatment. A further study indicated that C3G exhibited an antitumor effect in vivo by blocking autophagy both in tumor cells and in its microenvironment by inhibiting the JNK pathway. Interestingly, the efficacy of chloroquine (CQ, an autophagy inhibitor used as an antitumor agent) combined with C3G is much better than either C3G or CQ treatment alone. C3G may be combined with CQ to treat cancers and to provide a theoretical basis for functional food or natural medicine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Wei
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China.
| | - Xiaowen Ji
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China.
| | - Jinsong Xue
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China.
| | - Yan Gao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China.
| | - Xiaomei Zhu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Guiran Xiao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China.
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Tsubone TM, Martins WK, Franco MSF, Silva MN, Itri R, Baptista MS. Cellular compartments challenged by membrane photo-oxidation. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 697:108665. [PMID: 33159891 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The lipid composition impacts directly on the structure and function of the cytoplasmic as well as organelle membranes. Depending on the type of membrane, specific lipids are required to accommodate, intercalate, or pack membrane proteins to the proper functioning of the cells/organelles. Rather than being only a physical barrier that separates the inner from the outer spaces, membranes are responsible for many biochemical events such as cell-to-cell communication, protein-lipid interaction, intracellular signaling, and energy storage. Photochemical reactions occur naturally in many biological membranes and are responsible for diverse processes such as photosynthesis and vision/phototaxis. However, excessive exposure to light in the presence of absorbing molecules produces excited states and other oxidant species that may cause cell aging/death, mutations and innumerable diseases including cancer. At the same time, targeting key compartments of diseased cells with light can be a promising strategy to treat many diseases in a clinical procedure called Photodynamic Therapy. Here we analyze the relationships between membrane alterations induced by photo-oxidation and the biochemical responses in mammalian cells. We specifically address the impact of photosensitization reactions in membranes of different organelles such as mitochondria, lysosome, endoplasmic reticulum, and plasma membrane, and the subsequent responses of eukaryotic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marcia S F Franco
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Rosangela Itri
- Department of Applied Physics, Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mauricio S Baptista
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Bracone F, De Curtis A, Di Castelnuovo A, Pilu R, Boccardi M, Cilla S, Macchia G, Deodato F, Costanzo S, Iacoviello L, de Gaetano G, Morganti AG, Petroni K, Tonelli C, Donati MB, Cerletti C. Skin toxicity following radiotherapy in patients with breast carcinoma: is anthocyanin supplementation beneficial? Clin Nutr 2020; 40:2068-2077. [PMID: 33051045 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The EU-supported ATHENA project stems from a previous study suggesting that moderate wine consumption reduced the side-effects of radiotherapy (RT) in breast cancer patients, an effect possibly due to non-alcoholic anthocyanin fractions of wine. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the role of anthocyanins on RT skin side effects in breast cancer patients. METHODS Randomized, controlled, double-blind clinical trial. Patients were assigned to an intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) either for three or five weeks, then randomized to receive three times a day a water-soluble anthocyanin (125 mg)-rich extract of corn cob or a placebo. Supplementation started one week before till the end of RT. Skin characteristics were detected by a standardized, non-invasive Cutometer® dual-MPA580, providing quantitative indices of skin maximal distensibility (R0), elasticity (R2, R5, R7) and viscoelasticity (R6); a Mexameter® MX18 probe evaluated the skin erythema (Er) and melanin (M). Measures were performed before (T0), at the end of RT and of supplementation (T1), and 1, 6 and 12 months after RT (T2-T4). Acute and late skin toxicity were scored according to the RTOG/EORTG scale. Selected biomarkers were measured at T0 and T1. RESULTS 193 patients previously assigned to 3- or 5-week RT schedules were randomized to either anthocyanin (97) or placebo (96) supplementation. RT induced changes in skin parameters: R0, R2, R5 and R7 decreased, while R6 increased; the changes in R0 and R6 continued in the same direction up to one year, while the others recovered towards basal values; Er and M peaked at T1 and T2, respectively, and returned to basal values at T4. Comparable skin changes were apparent in anthocyanin and placebo groups. A moderate RT-induced increase in total and HDL cholesterol and triglycerides was prevented by anthocyanins. CONCLUSIONS Anthocyanin supplementation did not prevent RT-induced local skin toxicity. The supplementation was well tolerated and safe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Bracone
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Amalia De Curtis
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Pilu
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences - Production, Landscape, Agroenergy, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Savino Cilla
- Medical Physics Unit, Gemelli Molise Hospital Campobasso, Italy
| | | | | | - Simona Costanzo
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Licia Iacoviello
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy; Department of Medicine and Surgery, Research Center in Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine (EPIMED), University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Giovanni de Gaetano
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Alessio Giuseppe Morganti
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Katia Petroni
- Department of Bioscience, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Chiara Tonelli
- Department of Bioscience, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Cerletti
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy.
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Polyphenol-Mediated Autophagy in Cancer: Evidence of In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186635. [PMID: 32927836 PMCID: PMC7555128 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the hallmarks of cellular transformation is the altered mechanism of cell death. There are three main types of cell death, characterized by different morphological and biochemical features, namely apoptosis (type I), autophagic cell death (type II) and necrosis (type III). Autophagy, or self-eating, is a tightly regulated process involved in stress responses, and it is a lysosomal degradation process. The role of autophagy in cancer is controversial and has been associated with both the induction and the inhibition of tumor growth. Autophagy can exert tumor suppression through the degradation of oncogenic proteins, suppression of inflammation, chronic tissue damage and ultimately by preventing mutations and genetic instability. On the other hand, tumor cells activate autophagy for survival in cellular stress conditions. Thus, autophagy modulation could represent a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer. Several studies have shown that polyphenols, natural compounds found in foods and beverages of plant origin, can efficiently modulate autophagy in several types of cancer. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the effects of polyphenols on autophagy, highlighting the conceptual benefits or drawbacks and subtle cell-specific effects of polyphenols for envisioning future therapies employing polyphenols as chemoadjuvants.
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Pathogenesis of Photoaging in Human Dermal Fibroblasts. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY AND VENEREOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1097/jd9.0000000000000068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Corrigendum. PHOTODERMATOLOGY, PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2020; 36:75. [PMID: 31930583 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
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