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Ďurkovič J, Husárová H, Javoříková L, Čaňová I, Šuleková M, Kardošová M, Lukáčik I, Mamoňová M, Lagaňa R. Physiological, vascular and nanomechanical assessment of hybrid poplar leaf traits in micropropagated plants and plants propagated from root cuttings: A contribution to breeding programs. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2017; 118:449-459. [PMID: 28743038 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Micropropagated plants experience significant stress from rapid water loss when they are transferred from an in vitro culture to either greenhouse or field conditions. This is caused both by inefficient stomatal control of transpiration and the change to a higher light intensity and lower humidity. Understanding the physiological, vascular and biomechanical processes that allow micropropagated plants to modify their phenotype in response to environmental conditions can help to improve both field performance and plant survival. To identify changes between the hybrid poplar [Populus tremula × (Populus × canescens)] plants propagated from in vitro tissue culture and those from root cuttings, we assessed leaf performance for any differences in leaf growth, photosynthetic and vascular traits, and also nanomechanical properties of the tracheary element cell walls. The micropropagated plants showed significantly higher values for leaf area, leaf length, leaf width and leaf dry mass. The greater leaf area and leaf size dimensions resulted from the higher transpiration rate recorded for this stock type. Also, the micropropagated plants reached higher values for chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters and for the nanomechanical dissipation energy of tracheary element cell walls which may indicate a higher damping capacity within the primary xylem tissue under abiotic stress conditions. The performance of the plants propagated from root cuttings was superior for instantaneous water-use efficiency which signifies a higher acclimation capacity to stressful conditions during a severe drought particularly for this stock type. Similarities were found among the majority of the examined leaf traits for both vegetative plant origins including leaf mass per area, stomatal conductance, net photosynthetic rate, hydraulic axial conductivity, indicators of leaf midrib vascular architecture, as well as for the majority of cell wall nanomechanical traits. This research revealed that there were no drawbacks in the leaf physiological performance which could be attributed to the micropropagated plants of fast growing hybrid poplar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslav Ďurkovič
- Department of Phytology, Technical University, T.G. Masaryka 24, 960 53 Zvolen, Slovak Republic.
| | - Hana Husárová
- Department of Phytology, Technical University, T.G. Masaryka 24, 960 53 Zvolen, Slovak Republic
| | - Lucia Javoříková
- Department of Phytology, Technical University, T.G. Masaryka 24, 960 53 Zvolen, Slovak Republic
| | - Ingrid Čaňová
- Department of Phytology, Technical University, T.G. Masaryka 24, 960 53 Zvolen, Slovak Republic
| | - Miriama Šuleková
- Department of Integrated Forest and Landscape Protection, Technical University, T.G. Masaryka 24, 960 53 Zvolen, Slovak Republic
| | - Monika Kardošová
- Department of Integrated Forest and Landscape Protection, Technical University, T.G. Masaryka 24, 960 53 Zvolen, Slovak Republic
| | - Ivan Lukáčik
- Department of Silviculture, Technical University, T.G. Masaryka 24, 960 53 Zvolen, Slovak Republic
| | - Miroslava Mamoňová
- Department of Wood Science, Technical University, T.G. Masaryka 24, 960 53 Zvolen, Slovak Republic
| | - Rastislav Lagaňa
- Department of Wood Science, Technical University, T.G. Masaryka 24, 960 53 Zvolen, Slovak Republic
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