1
|
Gao J, Duan M, Hasi G, Yang J, Yan C, Kang Y, Qi Z. Comparison of two contrasting Leymus chinensis accessions reveals the roles of the cell wall and auxin in rhizome development. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 287:154003. [PMID: 37301035 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.154003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Leymus chinensis, a perennial native forage grass, is widely distributed in the steppes of Inner Mongolia as the dominant species. The main reproductive strategy of this grass is clonal propagation, which occurs via the proliferation of subterranean horizontal stems known as rhizomes. To elucidate the mechanism underlying rhizome development in this grass, we collected 60 accessions of L. chinensis and evaluated their rhizome development. One accession, which we named SR-74 (Strong Rhizomes), had significantly better rhizome development capacity than the accession WR-16 (Weak Rhizomes) in terms of rhizome number, total and primary rhizome length, and number of rhizome seedlings. Rhizome elongation was positively correlated with the number of internodes in the rhizome, which affected plant biomass. Compared to WR-16, SR-74 had higher rhizome tip hardness, higher abundance of transcripts participating in the biosynthesis of cell wall components, and higher levels of the metabolites L-phenylalanine, trans-cinnamic acid, 3-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, and coniferin. These metabolites in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway are precursors of lignin. In addition, SR-74 rhizomes contained higher amounts of auxin and auxin metabolites, including L-Trp, IPA, IBA, IAA and IAA-Asp, as well as upregulated expression of the auxin biosynthesis and signaling genes YUCCA6, YUCCA8, YUCCA10, YUCCA11, PIN1, PIN2, UGT1, UGT2, UGT4, UGT10, GH3, IAA7, IAA23, and IAA30. We propose a network between auxin signaling and the cell wall underlying rhizome development in L. chinensis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Gao
- Key Laboratory of Forage and Endemic Crop Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010010, China
| | - Menglu Duan
- Key Laboratory of Forage and Endemic Crop Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010010, China
| | - Gaowa Hasi
- Grassland Work Station of East Ujimqin Banner of Xilin Gol League of Inner Mongolia, East Ujimqin Banner, 026300, China
| | - Jia Yang
- Key Laboratory of Forage and Endemic Crop Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010010, China
| | - Chunxia Yan
- Key Laboratory of Forage and Endemic Crop Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010010, China.
| | - Yan Kang
- Key Laboratory of Forage and Endemic Crop Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010010, China.
| | - Zhi Qi
- Key Laboratory of Forage and Endemic Crop Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010010, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ectopic Expression of a Salt-Inducible Gene, LcSAIN3, from Sheepgrass Improves Seed Germination and Seedling Growth under Salt Stress in Arabidopsis. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12121994. [PMID: 34946943 PMCID: PMC8701343 DOI: 10.3390/genes12121994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sheepgrass is a perennial native grass species in China, and it can tolerate high levels of salt stress with an aggressive and vigorous rhizome system. Many salt-stress-responsive genes have been identified in sheepgrass. In this study, we report the cloning and characterization of a novel salt-induced gene, LcSAIN3 (Leymus chinensis salt-induced 3), from sheepgrass. Expression analysis confirmed that LcSAIN3 was induced by PEG, ABA, and salt treatments, and the expression of LcSAIN3 was significantly increased in salt-tolerant germplasms under salt treatment. Subcellular localization analysis indicated that the GFP-LcSAIN3 protein was mainly localized in the chloroplasts. The heterologous expression of LcSAIN3 in Arabidopsis increased the seed germination rate of transgenic plants under salt, ABA, and mannitol treatments. The seedling survival rate, plant height, and fresh weight of the transgenic plants were higher than those of WT plants under salt stress. The overexpression of LcSAIN3 caused a relatively high accumulation of free proline, enhanced SOD activity, and led to the upregulation of several stress-responsive genes such as AtRD26, AtRD29B, AtSOS1, and AtP5CS1. These results suggest that LcSAIN3 could be a potential target for molecular breeding to improve plants' salt tolerance.
Collapse
|
3
|
Longo C, Holness S, De Angelis V, Lepri A, Occhigrossi S, Ruta V, Vittorioso P. From the Outside to the Inside: New Insights on the Main Factors That Guide Seed Dormancy and Germination. Genes (Basel) 2020; 12:genes12010052. [PMID: 33396410 PMCID: PMC7824603 DOI: 10.3390/genes12010052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The transition from a dormant to a germinating seed represents a crucial developmental switch in the life cycle of a plant. Subsequent transition from a germinating seed to an autotrophic organism also requires a robust and multi-layered control. Seed germination and seedling growth are multistep processes, involving both internal and external signals, which lead to a fine-tuning control network. In recent years, numerous studies have contributed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying these processes: from light signaling and light-hormone crosstalk to the effects of abiotic stresses, from epigenetic regulation to translational control. However, there are still many open questions and molecular elements to be identified. This review will focus on the different aspects of the molecular control of seed dormancy and germination, pointing out new molecular elements and how these integrate in the signaling pathways already known.
Collapse
|
4
|
Yang J, Zhang T, Mao H, Jin H, Sun Y, Qi Z. A Leymus chinensis histidine-rich Ca 2+-binding protein binds Ca 2+/Zn 2+ and suppresses abscisic acid signaling in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 252:153209. [PMID: 32791445 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2020.153209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular Ca2+ plays an essential role in plant cellular sensing of various environmental stress signals by modulating the activity of Ca2+-binding proteins. Leymus chinensis is a dominant forage grass widely distributed in the Eurasian Steppe that is well adapted to drought and salty soils common in the region. Through transcript profiling of L. chinensis roots, we identified a transcript predicted to encode histidine-rich calcium-binding protein (HRC), a protein recently characterized in wheat. L. chinensis HRC (LcH RC) localized in the nucleus, as demonstrated using a transient gene expression method that we developed for this species. Different regions of LcHRC showed affinity for either Ca2+ or Zn2+, but not Mg2+ and Mn2+. Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings heterologously overexpressing LcHRC showed greater sensitivity to abscisic acid (ABA), along with decreased expression of some ABA-induced marker genes, but no increase in ABA content. Screening a Arabidopsis cDNA yeast library identified a Tudor/PWWP/MBT-domain-containing protein (AtPWWP3) that interacts with LcHRC. AtPWWP3 also localized in the nucleus and is predicted to mediate gene expression by modifying histone deacetylation. Based on these results, we propose a functional model of LcHRC action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ju Yang
- Key Laboratory of Forage and Endemic Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010010, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulatory and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010010, PR China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Forage and Endemic Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010010, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulatory and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010010, PR China
| | - Huiping Mao
- Key Laboratory of Forage and Endemic Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010010, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulatory and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010010, PR China
| | - Huiqing Jin
- Research Centre for Horticultural Science and Technology of Hohhot, Hohhot, 010020, PR China
| | - Yongwei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Forage and Endemic Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010010, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulatory and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010010, PR China
| | - Zhi Qi
- Key Laboratory of Forage and Endemic Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010010, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulatory and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010010, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li X, Jia J, Zhao P, Guo X, Chen S, Qi D, Cheng L, Liu G. LcMYB4, an unknown function transcription factor gene from sheepgrass, as a positive regulator of chilling and freezing tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:238. [PMID: 32460695 PMCID: PMC7333390 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02427-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sheepgrass (Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel) is a perennial forage grass that can survive extreme freezing winters (- 47.5 °C) in China. In this study, we isolated an unknown function MYB transcription factor gene, LcMYB4, from sheepgrass. However, the function of LcMYB4 and its homologous genes has not been studied in other plants. RESULTS The expression of the LcMYB4 gene was upregulated in response to cold induction, and the LcMYB4 fusion protein was localized in the nucleus, with transcriptional activation activity. Biological function analysis showed that compared with WT plants, LcMYB4-overexpressing Arabidopsis presented significantly increased chilling and freezing tolerance as evidenced by increased germination rate, survival rate, and seed setting rate under conditions of low temperature stress. Furthermore, LcMYB4-overexpressing plants showed increased soluble sugar content, leaf chlorophyll content and superoxide dismutase activity but decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) under chilling stress. Moreover, the expression of the CBF1, KIN1, KIN2 and RCI2A genes were significantly upregulated in transgenic plants with chilling treatment. These results suggest that LcMYB4 overexpression increased the soluble sugar content and cold-inducible gene expression and alleviated oxidative damage and membrane damage, resulting in enhanced cold resistance in transgenic plants. Interestingly, our results showed that the LcMYB4 protein interacts with fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase protein1 (LcFBA1) and that the expression of the LcFBA1 gene was also upregulated during cold induction in sheepgrass, similar to LcMYB4. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that LcMYB4 encodes MYB transcription factor that plays a positive regulatory role in cold stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Junting Jia
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization, Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pincang Zhao
- College of management science and engineering, Hebei University of Economics and Business, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiufang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuangyan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dongmei Qi
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liqin Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Gongshe Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yang R, Hong Y, Ren Z, Tang K, Zhang H, Zhu JK, Zhao C. A Role for PICKLE in the Regulation of Cold and Salt Stress Tolerance in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:900. [PMID: 31354770 PMCID: PMC6633207 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis PICKLE (PKL) is a putative CHD3-type chromatin remodeling factor with important roles in regulating plant growth and development as well as RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM). The role of PKL protein in plant abiotic stress response is still poorly understood. Here, we report that PKL is important for cold stress response in Arabidopsis. Loss-of-function mutations in the PKL gene lead to a chlorotic phenotype in seedlings under cold stress, which is caused by the alterations in the transcript levels of some chlorophyll metabolism-related genes. The pkl mutant also exhibits increased electrolyte leakage after freezing treatment. These results suggest that PKL is required for proper chilling and freezing tolerance in plants. Gene expression analysis shows that CBF3, encoding a key transcription factor involved in the regulation of cold-responsive genes, exhibits an altered transcript level in the pkl mutant under cold stress. Transcriptome data also show that PKL regulates the expression of a number of cold-responsive genes, including RD29A, COR15A, and COR15B, possibly through its effect on the expression of CBF3 gene. Mutation in PKL gene also results in decreased cotyledon greening rate and reduced primary root elongation under high salinity. Together, our results suggest that PKL regulates plant responses to cold and salt stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Yang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Rong Yang,
| | - Yechun Hong
- CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhizhong Ren
- CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Tang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Heng Zhang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Kang Zhu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Chunzhao Zhao
- CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
- Chunzhao Zhao,
| |
Collapse
|