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Mondal S, Mor A, Reddy IJ, Nandi S, Gupta PSP. Effect of heat exposure on prostaglandin production and expression of COX-2, PGES, PGFS, ITGAV and LGALS15 mRNAs in endometrial epithelial cells of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:405. [PMID: 38457014 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09361-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early embryonic mortality is one of the major intriguing factors of reproductive failure that causes considerable challenge to the mammalian cell biologists. Heat stress is the major factor responsible for reduced fertility in farm animals. The present study aimed to investigate the influence of heat stress on prostaglandin production and the expression of key genes, including COX-2, PGES, PGFS, ITGAV and LGALS15, in buffalo endometrial epithelial cells. METHODS AND RESULTS Buffalo genitalia containing ovaries with corpus luteum (CL) were collected immediately post-slaughter. The stages of the estrous cycle were determined based on macroscopic observations of the ovaries. Uterine lumens of the mid-luteal phase (days 6-10 of the estrous cycle) were washed and treated with trypsin to isolate epithelial cells, which were then cultured at control temperature (38.5 °C for 24 h) or exposed to elevated temperatures [38.5 °C for 6 h, 40.5 °C for 18 h; Heat Stressed (HS)]. The supernatant and endometrial epithelial cells were collected at various time points (0, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h) from both the control and treatment groups. Although heat stress (40.5 °C) significantly (P < 0.05) increased COX-2, PGES, and PGFS transcripts in epithelial cells but it did not affect the in vitro production of PGF2α and PGE2. The expression of ITGAV and LGALS15 mRNAs in endometrial epithelial cells remained unaltered under elevated temperature conditions. CONCLUSION It can be concluded that elevated temperature did not directly modulate prostaglandin production but, it promoted the expression of COX-2, PGES and PGFS mRNA in buffalo endometrial epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mondal
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560 030, India.
| | - A Mor
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560 030, India
| | - I J Reddy
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560 030, India
| | - S Nandi
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560 030, India
| | - P S P Gupta
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560 030, India
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Hosseinzadeh S, Masoudi AA. Investigating the expression of fertility-regulating LncRNAs in multiparous and uniparous Shal ewe's ovaries. Genome 2024; 67:78-89. [PMID: 37983732 DOI: 10.1139/gen-2023-0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Sheep is the primary source of animal protein in Iran. Birth type is one of the significant features that determine total meat output. Little is known about how long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) affect litter size. The purpose of this research is to investigate the DE-LncRNAs in ovarian tissue between multiparous and uniparous Shal ewes. Through bioinformatics analyses, LncRNAs with variable expression levels between ewes were discovered. Target genes were annotated using the DAVID database, and STRING and Cytoscape software were used to evaluate their interactions. The expression levels of 148 LncRNAs were different in the multiparous and uniparous ewe groups (false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.05). Eight biological process terms, nine cellular component terms, 10 molecular function terms, and 38 KEGG pathways were significant (FDR < 0.05) in the GO analysis. One of the most significant processes impacting fertility is mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, followed by oocyte meiosis, gonadotropin-releasing hormone signaling pathway, progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation, oxytocin signaling pathway, and cAMP signaling pathway. ENSOARG00000025710, ENSOARG00000025667, ENSOARG00000026034, and ENSOARG00000026632 are LncRNAs that may affect litter size and fertility. The most crucial hub genes include MAPK1, BRD2, GAK, RAP1B, FGF2, RAP1B, and RAP1B. We hope that this study will encourage researchers to further investigate the effect of LncRNAs on fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahram Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Masoudi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Li D, Jie Q, Li Q, Long P, Wang Z, Wang J, Tian S, Wu M, Ma Y, Huang Y. CsA promotes trophoblast invasion accompanied by changes in leukaemic inhibitory factor and fibroblast growth factor in peri-implantation blastocysts. ZYGOTE 2024; 32:71-76. [PMID: 38124629 DOI: 10.1017/s0967199423000497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
During the early stages of human pregnancy, successful implantation of embryonic trophoblast cells into the endometrium depends on good communication between trophoblast cells and the endometrium. Abnormal trophoblast cell function can cause embryo implantation failure. In this study, we added cyclosporine A (CsA) to the culture medium to observe the effect of CsA on embryonic trophoblast cells and the related mechanism. We observed that CsA promoted the migration and invasion of embryonic trophoblast cells. CsA promoted the expression of leukaemic inhibitory factor (LIF) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF). In addition, CsA promoted the secretion and volume increase in vesicles in the CsA-treated group compared with the control group. Therefore, CsA may promote the adhesion and invasion of trophoblast cells through LIF and FGF and promote the vesicle dynamic process, which is conducive to embryo implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Reproductive Medicine and Genetic Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, China
- Hainan Medical University, China
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Haikou Women & Children Hospital, China
| | - Qiuling Jie
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Reproductive Medicine and Genetic Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, China
- Hainan Medical University, China
- Hainan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Thalassemia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, China
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, China
- Haikou Key Laboratory for Preservation of Human Genetic Resource, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, China
| | - Qi Li
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Reproductive Medicine and Genetic Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, China
- Hainan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Thalassemia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, China
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, China
- Haikou Key Laboratory for Preservation of Human Genetic Resource, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, China
| | - Ping Long
- Guizhou Qiannan People's Hospital, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Reproductive Medicine and Genetic Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, China
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, China
- Haikou Key Laboratory for Preservation of Human Genetic Resource, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, China
| | | | | | - Menglan Wu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Yanlin Ma
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Reproductive Medicine and Genetic Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, China
- Hainan Medical University, China
- Hainan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Thalassemia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, China
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, China
- Haikou Key Laboratory for Preservation of Human Genetic Resource, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, China
| | - Yuanhua Huang
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Reproductive Medicine and Genetic Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, China
- Hainan Medical University, China
- Hainan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Thalassemia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, China
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, China
- Haikou Key Laboratory for Preservation of Human Genetic Resource, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, China
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Namdari A, Miladpour B. Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester Reduces the Adverse Effects of Nicotine on the Endometrium. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2023; 48:493-500. [PMID: 37786469 PMCID: PMC10541549 DOI: 10.30476/ijms.2023.96134.2764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Tobacco smoke contains various toxins that negatively affect the human reproductive system. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), a potent antioxidant, has protective effects on the reproductive system against oxygen-free radicals, methotrexate, and pesticides. Herein, the effect of CAPE on some key markers of endometrial receptivity has been evaluated. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted during 2018-2019 in the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences (Fasa, Iran). Primary endometrial cells were divided into five groups, namely control, nicotine, CAPE, vehicle, and nicotine+CAPE. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and methylation-specific PCR were performed to evaluate gene expressions and methylation, respectively. Appropriate doses of CAPE and nicotine were determined using the MTT assay. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 16.0) with a one-way analysis of variance. P<0.01 was considered statistically significant. The fold change was calculated using the 2-∆ΔCT method. Results Treatment of cells with nicotine significantly reduced the expression of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12), fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) genes (P<0.0001). However, the expression levels increased significantly when treated with nicotine+CAPE (P<0.0001). Despite the reduced CXCL12 gene expression in cells treated with nicotine, CXCL12 was unmethylated in all study groups, indicating that the methylation status of the CXCL12 gene was not affected by nicotine or CAPE. Conclusion CAPE can be a suitable agent to protect female smokers from the harmful effects of nicotine. This manuscript is available as a preprint on the Research Gate website.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Namdari
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Behnoosh Miladpour
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
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He T, Guo W, Yang G, Su H, Dou A, Chen L, Ma T, Su J, Liu M, Su B, Qi W, Li H, Mao W, Wang X, Li X, Yang Y, Song Y, Cao G. A Single-Cell Atlas of an Early Mongolian Sheep Embryo. Vet Sci 2023; 10:543. [PMID: 37756065 PMCID: PMC10536297 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10090543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell types have been established during organogenesis based on early mouse embryos. However, our understanding of cell types and molecular mechanisms in the early embryo development of Mongolian sheep has been hampered. This study presents the first comprehensive single-cell transcriptomic characterization at E16 in Ujumqin sheep and Hulunbuir short-tailed sheep. Thirteen major cell types were identified at E16 in Ujumqin sheep, and eight major cell types were identified at E16 in Hulunbuir short-tailed sheep. Function enrichment analysis showed that several pathways were significantly enriched in the TGF-beta signaling pathway, the Hippo signaling pathway, the platelet activation pathway, the riboflavin metabolism pathway, the Wnt signaling pathway, regulation of the actin cytoskeleton, and the insulin signaling pathway in the notochord cluster. Glutathione metabolism, glyoxylate, and dicarboxylate metabolism, the citrate cycle, thyroid hormone synthesis, pyruvate metabolism, cysteine and methionine metabolism, thermogenesis, and the VEGF signaling pathway were significantly enriched in the spinal cord cluster. Steroid biosynthesis, riboflavin metabolism, the cell cycle, the Hippo signaling pathway, the Hedgehog signaling pathway, the FoxO signaling pathway, the JAK-STAT signaling pathway, and the Wnt signaling pathway were significantly enriched in the paraxial mesoderm cluster. The notochord cluster, spinal cord cluster, and paraxial mesoderm cluster were found to be highly associated with tail development. Pseudo-time analysis demonstrated that the mesenchyme can translate to the notochord in Ujumqin sheep. Molecular assays revealed that the Hippo signaling pathway was enriched in Ujumqin sheep. This comprehensive single-cell map revealed previously unrecognized signaling pathways that will further our understanding of the mechanism of short-tailed sheep formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyi He
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo, and Development Engineering Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (T.H.); (W.G.); (H.S.); (A.D.); (L.C.); (T.M.); (M.L.); (B.S.); (W.Q.); (H.L.); (W.M.); (X.W.)
- Institute of Animal Husbandry, Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Huhhot 010031, China
| | - Wenrui Guo
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo, and Development Engineering Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (T.H.); (W.G.); (H.S.); (A.D.); (L.C.); (T.M.); (M.L.); (B.S.); (W.Q.); (H.L.); (W.M.); (X.W.)
| | - Guang Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010020, China; (G.Y.); (X.L.)
- Research Center for Animal Genetic Resources of Mongolia Plateau, College of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010020, China
| | - Hong Su
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo, and Development Engineering Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (T.H.); (W.G.); (H.S.); (A.D.); (L.C.); (T.M.); (M.L.); (B.S.); (W.Q.); (H.L.); (W.M.); (X.W.)
| | - Aolei Dou
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo, and Development Engineering Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (T.H.); (W.G.); (H.S.); (A.D.); (L.C.); (T.M.); (M.L.); (B.S.); (W.Q.); (H.L.); (W.M.); (X.W.)
| | - Lu Chen
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo, and Development Engineering Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (T.H.); (W.G.); (H.S.); (A.D.); (L.C.); (T.M.); (M.L.); (B.S.); (W.Q.); (H.L.); (W.M.); (X.W.)
| | - Teng Ma
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo, and Development Engineering Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (T.H.); (W.G.); (H.S.); (A.D.); (L.C.); (T.M.); (M.L.); (B.S.); (W.Q.); (H.L.); (W.M.); (X.W.)
| | - Jie Su
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot 010030, China;
| | - Moning Liu
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo, and Development Engineering Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (T.H.); (W.G.); (H.S.); (A.D.); (L.C.); (T.M.); (M.L.); (B.S.); (W.Q.); (H.L.); (W.M.); (X.W.)
| | - Budeng Su
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo, and Development Engineering Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (T.H.); (W.G.); (H.S.); (A.D.); (L.C.); (T.M.); (M.L.); (B.S.); (W.Q.); (H.L.); (W.M.); (X.W.)
| | - Wangmei Qi
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo, and Development Engineering Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (T.H.); (W.G.); (H.S.); (A.D.); (L.C.); (T.M.); (M.L.); (B.S.); (W.Q.); (H.L.); (W.M.); (X.W.)
| | - Haijun Li
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo, and Development Engineering Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (T.H.); (W.G.); (H.S.); (A.D.); (L.C.); (T.M.); (M.L.); (B.S.); (W.Q.); (H.L.); (W.M.); (X.W.)
| | - Wei Mao
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo, and Development Engineering Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (T.H.); (W.G.); (H.S.); (A.D.); (L.C.); (T.M.); (M.L.); (B.S.); (W.Q.); (H.L.); (W.M.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiumei Wang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo, and Development Engineering Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (T.H.); (W.G.); (H.S.); (A.D.); (L.C.); (T.M.); (M.L.); (B.S.); (W.Q.); (H.L.); (W.M.); (X.W.)
| | - Xihe Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010020, China; (G.Y.); (X.L.)
- Research Center for Animal Genetic Resources of Mongolia Plateau, College of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010020, China
| | - Yanyan Yang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry, Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Huhhot 010031, China
| | - Yongli Song
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010020, China; (G.Y.); (X.L.)
- Research Center for Animal Genetic Resources of Mongolia Plateau, College of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010020, China
| | - Guifang Cao
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo, and Development Engineering Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (T.H.); (W.G.); (H.S.); (A.D.); (L.C.); (T.M.); (M.L.); (B.S.); (W.Q.); (H.L.); (W.M.); (X.W.)
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Yilmaz F, Micili SC, Erbil G. The role of FGF-4 and FGFR-2 on preimplantation embryo development in experimental maternal diabetes. Gynecol Endocrinol 2022; 38:248-252. [PMID: 34904519 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2021.2005782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diabetes mellitus can cause spontaneous abortion, neonatal diseases, congenital malformations, and death. There are many studies related to the damage of in vitro hyperglycemia on embryogenesis in literature, but not enough studies on in vivo hyperglycemia effects on embryogenesis. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) molecules play an essential role in pre-implantation embryo development and diabetes pathogenesis. In our study, we researched whether FGF-4 and FGFR-2 were playing a role in maternal diabetes' effects on embryo development. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty adult virgin female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into two groups: control and diabetic. The experimental diabetes model was generated by streptozotocin (55 mg/kg, once, intraperitoneally). The control and the diabetic group were mated. Embryos were collected at the morula and blastocyte stages corresponding to the third and fourth days of pregnancy. Embryo's FGF-4 and FGFR-2 molecules were evaluated by their immunofluorescence staining and immunoreactivity score. RESULT The results clearly showed that the FGF-4 and FGFR-2 immunofluorescence reactivity was higher in the diabetes group. CONCLUSION We concluded that FGF-4 and FGFR-2 overexpression might impair mouse pre-implantation embryo development in maternal diabetes and suggest investigating whether they have crucial effects on human embryo development and infertility in maternal diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filiz Yilmaz
- IVF Center, Hitit University Erol Olcok Research and Training Hospital, Corum, Turkey
| | - Serap Cilaker Micili
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Guven Erbil
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
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Llobat L. Pluripotency and Growth Factors in Early Embryonic Development of Mammals: A Comparative Approach. Vet Sci 2021; 8:vetsci8050078. [PMID: 34064445 PMCID: PMC8147802 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci8050078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulation of early events in mammalian embryonic development is a complex process. In the early stages, pluripotency, cellular differentiation, and growth should occur at specific times and these events are regulated by different genes that are expressed at specific times and locations. The genes related to pluripotency and cellular differentiation, and growth factors that determine successful embryonic development are different (or differentially expressed) among mammalian species. Some genes are fundamental for controlling pluripotency in some species but less fundamental in others, for example, Oct4 is particularly relevant in bovine early embryonic development, whereas Oct4 inhibition does not affect ovine early embryonic development. In addition, some mechanisms that regulate cellular differentiation do not seem to be clear or evolutionarily conserved. After cellular differentiation, growth factors are relevant in early development, and their effects also differ among species, for example, insulin-like growth factor improves the blastocyst development rate in some species but does not have the same effect in mice. Some growth factors influence genes related to pluripotency, and therefore, their role in early embryo development is not limited to cell growth but could also involve the earliest stages of development. In this review, we summarize the differences among mammalian species regarding the regulation of pluripotency, cellular differentiation, and growth factors in the early stages of embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lola Llobat
- Research Group Microbiological Agents Associated with Animal Reproduction (PROVAGINBIO), Department of Animal Production and Health, Veterinary Public Health and Food Science and Technology (PASAPTA) Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 46113 Valencia, Spain
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Kumar S, Singla SK, Manik R, Palta P, Chauhan MS. Effect of basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF2) on cumulus cell expansion, in vitro embryo production and gene expression in buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Reprod Biol 2020; 20:501-511. [PMID: 32921625 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2020.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of different concentration of FGF2 viz. 5 ng (T1), 10 ng (T2), and 20 ng/mL (T3) on cumulus cell expansion, oocyte maturation, in vitro embryo production, total cell number (TCN) of the blastocyst, and expression of the FGF2 and FGFR2 transcripts in buffalo oocytes and the embryos. Results showed that the effect of FGF2 on the diameter of buffalo COC was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the T1 group than the other groups at 24h of maturation. The maturation and cleavage rate of oocytes was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the T3 group than the control, however, the values did not different (P> 0.05) from other groups. The effect of FGF2 on morula and blastocyst yield did not different (P > 0.05) between treatment groups. However, the TCN of the blastocyst was slightly higher (P > 0.05) in the T3 group than the control and other groups. In subsequent trials, the expression of the FGF2 transcript was higher (P < 0.05) in A-grade of oocytes than the C- and D-grade of oocytes, but the expression was not different (P> 0.05) from the B-grade of oocytes. While the FGFR2 expression was higher (P < 0.05) in cumulus cells than any grades of oocytes. The relative abundance of FGF2 and FGFR2 transcripts was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the 2-cell stage of the embryo than the other stages of embryos. This study was further extended to characterize the FGF2 ligand-binding site in the D3 domain of the buffalo FGF2 receptor. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the bovine FGF2 ligand-binding site in the D3 domain of buffalo was different from the D3 domain of the cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish Kumar
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India.
| | - Suresh Kumar Singla
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India
| | - Radheysham Manik
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India
| | - Prabhat Palta
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India
| | - Manmohan Singh Chauhan
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India.
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Abstract
The recent advances in biotechnological research have led to development of many advanced reproductive techniques and biological tools which are set to revolutionize the productive efficiency of livestock species. The development of technology for sequencing of whole genomes and mass screening of gene regulation has widened our approach to genetic profiling and mapping, as well as furthering our understanding of underlying physiological mechanisms. The newer biotechnologies of gene transfer, in vitro fertilization and embryo production, cloning, and stem cell technology have been developed and are being refined with efficiencies suitable for use in animal farming. Efficient in vitro systems for maturing oocytes, fertilizing, and developing embryos have resulted in commercial in vitro production of embryos. Here we describe in vitro maturation, in vitro fertilization, embryo production, embryo culture, and quantitation of gene expression in sheep embryos.
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