1
|
Sasaki Y, Iki Y, Anan T, Hayashi J, Uematsu M. Economic loss due to treatment of bovine respiratory disease in Japanese Black calves arriving at a backgrounding operation in Miyazaki. J Vet Med Sci 2022; 84:1328-1334. [PMID: 35922905 PMCID: PMC9586029 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.22-0178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study assessed the economic loss due to treatment of bovine respiratory
disease (BRD) in Japanese Black calves that were introduced to a backgrounding operation
from the age of 3 to 4 months until the age of 10 months. The data collected from a
backgrounding operation in Miyazaki, Japan included the records of 2,690 animals entering
the farm from 2013 to 2018. The treatment duration was defined as the number of days from
the beginning to end of treatment. The cost of treatment was defined as the total cost of
treatment during the treatment duration. The average incidence of BRD was 54.6%, and the
relative frequency of calves that had BRD once, twice, and three or more times until they
left the farm was 64.4%, 26.8%, and 8.8%, respectively (total recorded diagnoses of BRD:
2,494). Among the 2,494 recorded diagnoses, the average and median duration of treatment
of BRD was 5.9 days and 3.0 days, respectively. The average and median cost of treatment
was 7,767 and 5,600 Japanese yen, respectively. A prolonged duration of treatment and high
cost of treatment were associated with BRD relapse, steers, and early stage of production
(P<0.05). At the studied farm, the total cost of treatment during
the 6-year study period was 19,658,988 yen, and the annual cost was approximately 3
million yen. In summary, the present study showed that BRD had a large economic impact in
this backgrounding operation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Sasaki
- Department of Agriculture, School of Agriculture, Meiji University.,Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki
| | | | | | - Jun Hayashi
- Miyazaki Agricultural Mutual Aid Association
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Misaka M, Uematsu M, Hashimoto K, Kitahara G, Osawa T, Sasaki Y. Impact of dystocia and cow/calf characteristics on mortality from 0 to 120 days of age in Japanese Black calves in commercial cow-calf operations. Prev Vet Med 2022; 207:105716. [PMID: 35870230 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2022.105716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Calf mortality severely affects productivity in the beef industry. The present study was conducted to assess the calf mortality risk (CMR) in Japanese Black calves and investigate potential associations between calf/cow information and the CMR. Records for calves born between April 2006 and March 2010 were extracted from an existing database, which included production data on commercial cow-calf operations in Miyazaki, Japan. The study group comprised 40,462 calves born to 15,600 cows on 908 farms. Because calves on the studied farms were weaned at approximately 4 months of age, the calf records were collected from birth to 120 days. The CMR was calculated as the number of dead calves divided by the number of surviving calves. Mixed-effect multivariable logistic regression modeling was used to determine potential associations between the CMR and the factors hypothesized to influence that risk. CMR analyses were performed separately for the following production stages: days 0-30, days 31-60, days 61-90 and days 91-120 after birth. Of the 40,462 calves, 1465 died during days 0-120 after birth, and the CMR was 3.6 %. Of the 1465 dead calves, 35.9 % died within 10 days after birth. During the 0-30-day period, the CMR was associated with dam parity, calving status, gestation length, sex, birth season and twin births (P < 0.05), but not with the number of inseminations to conception. Low parity, dystocia, gestation lengths < 280 days and > 301 days, male calves, calves born in autumn and winter and twin births yielded higher CMRs. Low dam parity also yielded higher CMRs during the 31-60-day, 61-90-day and 91-120-day periods (P < 0.05), but no other factors were associated with the CMR during these periods. Thus, various cow and calf factors were shown to be associated with CMRs in Japanese Black calves, and calves with these factors should be considered high-risk calves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moe Misaka
- Course of Animal and Grassland Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 889-2192 Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Mizuho Uematsu
- Miyazaki Agricultural Mutual Aid Association, Miyazaki 880-0877, Japan
| | - Keisuke Hashimoto
- Course of Animal and Grassland Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 889-2192 Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Go Kitahara
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan; Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Takeshi Osawa
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan; Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Yosuke Sasaki
- Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan; Department of Agriculture, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ogawa S, Satoh M. Random Regression Analysis of Calving Interval of Japanese Black Cows. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11010202. [PMID: 33467757 PMCID: PMC7830945 DOI: 10.3390/ani11010202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Genetic parameters for the calving interval of Japanese Black cows were estimated by using a random regression model and a repeatability model. Legendre polynomials based on age at previous calving, ranging from 18 to 120 months, were used as sub-models for random regression analysis. The estimated heritability for the calving interval was low and was similar between the models. The estimated genetic correlation between ages was always higher than >0.8. Spearman’s rank correlation of the estimated breeding values between the two models was ≥0.97 for cows with their own records and ≥0.94 for sires of these cows. Therefore, this study supports the validity of fitting a repeatability model to the records of the calving interval of Japanese Black cows for breeding value evaluation. Our results could contribute to determining strategies for selection and management of Japanese Black cattle. Abstract We estimated genetic parameters for the calving interval of Japanese Black cows using a random regression model and a repeatability model. We analyzed 92,019 calving interval records of 36,178 cows. Pedigree data covered 390,263 individuals. Age of cow at previous calving for each record ranged from 18 to 120 months. We used up to the second-order Legendre polynomials based on age at previous calving as sub-models for random regression analysis, and assumed a constant error variance across ages. Estimated heritability was 0.12 to 0.20 with the random regression model and 0.17 with the repeatability model. With the random regression model, the estimated genetic correlation between ages was ≥0.87, and those between 24 and 36 months, 24 and 84 months, and 36 and 84 months were 0.99, 0.95, and 0.97, respectively. Spearman’s rank correlation between breeding values of 36,178 cows with their own records estimated by the random regression model with those estimated using the repeatability model was ≥0.97, and the rank correlation was ≥0.94 for 314 sires of these cows. These results support the validity of fitting a repeatability model to the records of the calving interval of Japanese Black cows for evaluation of breeding values.
Collapse
|
4
|
Associations between calf factors of Japanese Black calves arriving at a backgrounding operation and bovine respiratory disease. Prev Vet Med 2020; 182:105100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2020.105100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
5
|
Goto A, Takahara K, Sugiura T, Oikawa S, Katamato H, Nakada K. Association of postpartum diseases occurring within 60 days after calving with productivity and reproductive performance in dairy cows in Fukuoka: A cow-level, retrospective cohort study. J Vet Med Sci 2019; 81:1055-1062. [PMID: 31189763 PMCID: PMC6656816 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.18-0384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripartum disorders in dairy cows negatively influence their productivity and reproductive performance. However, only a few reports have clearly indicated the influence of such disorders on the productivity and reproductive performance at a local-area or cow-level in Japan. This study aimed to elucidate the influence of diseases occurring within 60 days after calving on subsequent productivity and reproductive performance. Accordingly, a wide-area database on dairy production was used for epidemiological analysis; subsequently, multivariable analysis was performed to investigate the association of such diseases with productivity or reproductive performance in 6,545 cows from 178 farms in Fukuoka. We used 305-day energy-corrected milk (305 ECM) as an index of productivity and conception and culling as indices of reproductive performance. With regard to causality, mixed-effects model was used for analyzing the association between disease and productivity, and Cox proportional hazard model was used for analyzing the association between disease and reproductive performance. Compared to the disease absence group, the disease presence group demonstrated significantly lower 305 ECM [-154 kg; 95% confidence interval (CI), -229 to -79] and risk of pregnancy [hazard ratio (HR), 0.85; 95% CI, 0.80-0.91] and higher risk of culling (HR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.17-1.59). These results indicate that, in Fukuoka, dairy cows affected by diseases within 60 days after calving exhibit lower productivity and reproductive performance. Therefore, proper dairy cow management during the peripartum period to prevent diseases during early lactation may maintain or improve productivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akira Goto
- Veterinary Medical Center, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, 2-11 Inada-nishi, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Kozo Takahara
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Bunkyodai-Midorimachi, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Tomochika Sugiura
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Bunkyodai-Midorimachi, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Shin Oikawa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Bunkyodai-Midorimachi, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Hiromu Katamato
- Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen Kibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
| | - Ken Nakada
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Bunkyodai-Midorimachi, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Faleiro NS, Neves KAL, Pereira LL, Silva CMGD, Vale WG, Minervino AHH. Effect of oestrous resynchronization on the reproductive efficiency of zebu cows. Reprod Domest Anim 2019; 54:1050-1053. [PMID: 31095778 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop a resynchronization strategy before the return of oestrus in cows diagnosed as not pregnant after fixed-time artificial insemination (TAI). A total of 839 cows, approximately 45 days post-partum, were synchronized using TAI. On day 0, intravaginal progesterone-releasing devices were inserted and 2 mg of oestradiol benzoate was administered. Eight days later (D8), the progesterone-releasing devices were removed and oestradiol cypionate (0.5 mg, eCG [300 IU]) and prostaglandin (7.5 mg) were administered. All cows were inseminated between 48 and 56 hr after device removal (D10). Thirty days after TAI, cows that were not diagnosed as pregnant by ultrasound were immediately resynchronized and again inseminated at a fixed time. The hormonal protocol used in the first and second rounds of TAI was the same. The pregnancy rate after the first TAI was 52%, and after the second TAI, it was 49%. The increase in the total pregnancy rate (synchronization + second oestrous synchronization) compared to a single synchronization was 23.5%. In conclusion, resynchronization of oestrus and ovulation in zebu cows that had previously undergone TAI protocols is effective in increasing the reproductive efficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Luciano Leite Pereira
- Laboratory of Animal Health (LARSANA), Federal University of Western Pará (UFOPA), Santarém, Brazil
| | | | - William Gomes Vale
- Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Federal University of Western Pará (UFOPA), Santarém, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|