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Wu T, Doyle C, Ito J, Ramesh N, Ernest DK, Crespo NC, Hsu FC, Oren E. Cold Exposures in Relation to Dysmenorrhea among Asian and White Women. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 21:56. [PMID: 38248521 PMCID: PMC10815354 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21010056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Dysmenorrhea is highly prevalent, ranging from 16% to 91% among women, and it can lead to multiple reproductive disorders. However, risk factors associated with dysmenorrhea remain unexamined. Cold exposures can significantly disturb blood circulation and prostaglandin production in the uterus, leading to dysmenorrhea. This study investigated the relationship between cold exposures and dysmenorrhea, as well as potential disparities between Asians and Whites and the potential cultural influences on these associations. This was a cross-sectional survey among 197 Asian and 222 non-Asian women recruited from the U.S., with more than 40% from California. We assessed cold exposures, such as the frequency of consumption of cold water/drinks and ice cream, as well as room temperatures at home and public places, for both summer and winter over the past 12 months. The type of cold exposure associated with dysmenorrhea differs between Asian and White women. We found that among Asian women, a higher frequency of ice cream consumption in winter (beta = 1.19, p = 0.0002 when comparing high to low categories) was associated with dysmenorrhea; however, among White women, increased consumption of cold water/drinks in winter (beta = 0.49, p = 0.04 when comparing high to low categories) was also associated with dysmenorrhea. Higher home room temperatures in winter were associated with reduced severity of dysmenorrhea among White women but not among Asian women. All these associations supported our hypothesis and were stronger among women who lived in states with colder winters. However, there are a few exceptions. For instance, women who drank cold water/drinks less frequently during their menstrual period were more likely to experience more severe dysmenorrhea. In conclusion, this study provides crucial evidence to support the link between cold exposures and dysmenorrhea among Asians and Whites. The associations contradictory to our hypothesis are likely due to reserved causation influenced by Asian cultural practice. This paper sheds light on an understudied area that profoundly affects women's quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianying Wu
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA; (C.D.); (J.I.); (N.R.); (E.O.)
- Moores Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92037, USA
| | - Cassie Doyle
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA; (C.D.); (J.I.); (N.R.); (E.O.)
| | - Joy Ito
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA; (C.D.); (J.I.); (N.R.); (E.O.)
| | - Neeraja Ramesh
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA; (C.D.); (J.I.); (N.R.); (E.O.)
| | - Deepali Karina Ernest
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics & Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Noe C. Crespo
- Division of Health Promotion and Behavioral Science, School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA;
| | - Fang-Chi Hsu
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA;
| | - Eyal Oren
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA; (C.D.); (J.I.); (N.R.); (E.O.)
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Theurot D, Dupuy O, Louis J, Douzi W, Morin R, Arc-Chagnaud C, Dugué B. Partial-body cryostimulation does not impact peripheral microvascular responsiveness but reduces muscular metabolic O 2 consumption (mV˙O 2) at rest. Cryobiology 2023; 112:104561. [PMID: 37499963 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2023.104561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of partial-body cryostimulation (PBC) on microvascular responsiveness and muscular metabolic O2 consumption rate (mV˙O2). Twenty healthy young adults (ten males and ten females) underwent a post-occlusive reactive hyperemia (PORH) test at the flexor digitorum superficialis area before and after a 3-min PBC session and a 3-min control session. Using near-infrared spectroscopy, occlusion and reperfusion slopes were calculated: oxyhemoglobin ([HbO2]) decrease rate ([HbO2] slope 1), deoxyhaemoglobin ([HHb]) increase rate ([HHb] slope 1), [HbO2] increase rate ([HbO2] slope 2), and [HHb] increase rate ([HHb] slope 2. Using HbO2 kinetics during the occlusion, mV˙O2 was also calculated to characterize myocytes' metabolic O2 consumption. HbO2 slope 1 value was lower after PBC than before PBC (-0.15 ± 0.08 vs -0.24 ± 0.11 s-1; respectively; P < 0.05) in male participants only. A lower [HHb] slope 1 was also observed after PBC compared to before PBC (0.18 ± 0.10 vs 0.24 ± 0.16 s-1; P < 0.05) with no interaction for sex categories. mV˙O2 was significantly lower after PBC than before (pre values 14.75 ± 3.94 vs 18.47 ± 5.73 μMO2Hb.s-1; respectively; P < 0.01) with no interaction between sex categories. No changes in the calculated slope 2 were observed. These findings suggest that a single session of PBC reduces the muscular metabolic O2 needs at rest; however, it does not alter the vascular ability to provide O2 to the myocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitri Theurot
- University of Poitiers, Laboratory MOVE (UR 20296), Faculty of Sport Sciences, Poitiers, France.
| | - Olivier Dupuy
- University of Poitiers, Laboratory MOVE (UR 20296), Faculty of Sport Sciences, Poitiers, France; Ecole de Kinésiologie et des Sciences de l'Activité Physique (EKSAP), Faculté de Medicine, Université de Montreal, Canada
| | - Julien Louis
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences (RISES), Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
| | - Wafa Douzi
- University of Poitiers, Laboratory MOVE (UR 20296), Faculty of Sport Sciences, Poitiers, France
| | - Renée Morin
- School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Coralie Arc-Chagnaud
- University of Poitiers, Laboratory MOVE (UR 20296), Faculty of Sport Sciences, Poitiers, France
| | - Benoit Dugué
- University of Poitiers, Laboratory MOVE (UR 20296), Faculty of Sport Sciences, Poitiers, France
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Ruan Z, Li R, Dong W, Cui Z, Yang H, Ren R. Laser speckle contrast imaging to monitor microcirculation: An effective method to predict outcome in patients with sepsis and septic shock. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 10:1067739. [PMID: 36743655 PMCID: PMC9890168 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1067739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: This study examines the microcirculation of patients with sepsis and septic shock using Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging (LSCI) technology, to enhance monitoring and predict outcomes of sepsis and septic shock. Methods: From 01 July 2021, to 31 January 2022, 44 patients diagnosed with septic shock and sepsis were included in the study, their clinical data were collected, and LSCI was used to monitor the mean peripheral blood flow perfusion index (PI). Results: The average peripheral blood flow PI of septic shock patients was significantly lower than that of septic patients, with a cutoff value of 26.25. The average peripheral blood flow PI negatively correlated with acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) Ⅱ score (p = .01 < .05), sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score (p < .01), and lactic acid levels (p = .01 < .05). We report average peripheral blood flow no correlation with age, mean arterial pressure, body temperature, oxygen saturation, heart rate, and body mass index. There was no correlation with procalcitonin, C-reactive protein (CRP), red blood cell distribution width, or platelet distribution width (p > .05). PI significantly correlated with the group sepsis and septic shock (p < .001, r = -.865). And PI significantly correlated with the outcome or mortality (p = .007 < .05, r = -.398). The ROC curve was calculated for PI and the sensitivity was 81.3%, and the specificity was 75% when PI cutoff value chooses 20.88. Conclusion: LSCI technology successfully detected the fingertip microcirculation of patients with septic shock. LSCI can reliably differentiate patients with sepsis vs patients with septic shock. Additionally, the average peripheral blood PI negatively correlated with APACHE Ⅱ, SOFA score, and lactate acid levels, providing useful and supplementary information for the diagnosis and monitoring of septic shock. Trial registration: Chictr2100046761. Registered on May 28, 2021. Clinical Trial Registration: clinicaltrials.gov, identifier Chictr2100046761.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengshang Ruan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xinhua Children’s Hospital, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ran Li
- School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenwen Dong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhilei Cui
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, XinHua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Zhilei Cui, ; Hui Yang, ; Rongrong Ren,
| | - Hui Yang
- School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Zhilei Cui, ; Hui Yang, ; Rongrong Ren,
| | - Rongrong Ren
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Zhilei Cui, ; Hui Yang, ; Rongrong Ren,
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Espeland D, de Weerd L, Mercer JB. Health effects of voluntary exposure to cold water - a continuing subject of debate. Int J Circumpolar Health 2022; 81:2111789. [PMID: 36137565 PMCID: PMC9518606 DOI: 10.1080/22423982.2022.2111789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This review is based on a multiple database survey on published literature to determine the effects on health following voluntary exposure to cold-water immersion (CWI) in humans. After a filtering process 104 studies were regarded relevant. Many studies demonstrated significant effects of CWI on various physiological and biochemical parameters. Although some studies were based on established winter swimmers, many were performed on subjects with no previous winter swimming experience or in subjects not involving cold-water swimming, for example, CWI as a post-exercise treatment. Clear conclusions from most studies were hampered by the fact that they were carried out in small groups, often of one gender and with differences in exposure temperature and salt composition of the water. CWI seems to reduce and/or transform body adipose tissue, as well as reduce insulin resistance and improve insulin sensitivity. This may have a protective effect against cardiovascular, obesity and other metabolic diseases and could have prophylactic health effects. Whether winter swimmers as a group are naturally healthier is unclear. Some of the studies indicate that voluntary exposure to cold water has some beneficial health effects. However, without further conclusive studies, the topic will continue to be a subject of debate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didrik Espeland
- Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway
| | - Louis de Weerd
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway,Medical Imaging Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway
| | - James B. Mercer
- Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway,Medical Imaging Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway,Department of Radiology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway,CONTACT James B. Mercer Department of Medical Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, PO Box 6050 Langnes, N-9037, Tromsø, Norway
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The Use of Cryotherapy in Cosmetology and the Influence of Cryogenic Temperatures on Selected Skin Parameters—A Review of the Literature. COSMETICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics9050100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryotherapy is becoming an increasingly popular method used in medicine, physiotherapy, and cosmetology. It is used in the form of whole-body cryotherapy (WBC) and local cryotherapy. It is a tool for achieving analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. Since the beginning of its use, its influence on the mental state has also been pointed out. The aim of this study was to analyze the available literature on the effect of cryogenic temperatures on the skin and the mechanisms induced by such a stimulus and its influence on well-being. A literature search of keywords or phrases was performed in PubMed®. Various effects of WBC on skin characteristics (hydration, pH, level of transepidermal water loss), mechanisms of anti-inflammatory effects, and effects on adipocytes were shown. Research on the impact of individual skin characteristics is not consistent. Positive effects on the reduction of inflammation and oxidative stress have been noted. Cryotherapy is also successfully used in dermatology to treat lentil spots, actinic keratosis, and ingrown toenails, remove viral warts, or relieve itching in atopic dermatitis. The results of the review also indicate the effectiveness of WBC as an adjunctive treatment for obesity. The number of papers available on the direct effects of WBC on the skin is still limited, despite the fact that it represents the first contact of the human body with cryogenic temperatures. Available data show that cold as a physical stimulus can be a safe and useful tool in cosmetology.
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Kujawski S, Słomko J, Godlewska BR, Cudnoch-Jędrzejewska A, Murovska M, Newton JL, Sokołowski Ł, Zalewski P. Combination of whole body cryotherapy with static stretching exercises reduces fatigue and improves functioning of the autonomic nervous system in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. J Transl Med 2022; 20:273. [PMID: 35715857 PMCID: PMC9204866 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03460-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to explore the tolerability and effect of static stretching (SS) and whole body cryotherapy (WBC) upon fatigue, daytime sleepiness, cognitive functioning and objective and subjective autonomic nervous system functioning in those with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) compared to a control population. METHODS Thirty-two CFS and eighteen healthy controls (HC) participated in 2 weeks of a SS + WBC programme. This programme was composed of five sessions per week, 10 sessions in total. RESULTS A significant decrease in fatigue was noted in the CFS group in response to SS + WBC. Some domains of cognitive functioning (speed of processing visual information and set-shifting) also improved in response to SS + WBC in both CFS and HC groups. Our study has confirmed that WBC is well tolerated by those with CFS and leads to symptomatic improvements associated with changes in cardiovascular and autonomic function. CONCLUSIONS Given the preliminary data showing the beneficial effect of cryotherapy, its relative ease of application, good tolerability, and proven safety, therapy with cold exposure appears to be an approach worth attention. Further studies of cryotherapy as a potential treatment in CFS is important in the light of the lack of effective therapeutic options for these common and often disabling symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sławomir Kujawski
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Functional Anatomy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Świętojańska 20, 85-077, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Joanna Słomko
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Functional Anatomy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Świętojańska 20, 85-077, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | | | - Agnieszka Cudnoch-Jędrzejewska
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Warsaw Medical University, 1b Banacha Street, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Modra Murovska
- Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Riga Stradinš University, Riga, 1067, Latvia
| | - Julia L Newton
- Population Health Sciences Institute, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Łukasz Sokołowski
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Functional Anatomy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Świętojańska 20, 85-077, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Paweł Zalewski
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Functional Anatomy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Świętojańska 20, 85-077, Bydgoszcz, Poland.,Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Warsaw Medical University, 1b Banacha Street, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
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Magdalena KS, Marta S, Zbigniew D, Zbigniew S. Whole-body cryostimulation does not disturb the homeostasis of the system in physically active men - Pilot study. Cryobiology 2022; 106:73-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2022.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Laser speckle contrast imaging and laser Doppler flowmetry reproducibly assess reflex cutaneous vasoconstriction. Microvasc Res 2022; 142:104363. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2022.104363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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9
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Wang Z, Fan Y, Kong X, Viroux P, Tiemessen IJH, Wu H. The Physiological Profile Following Two Popular Cold Interventions After Activity in Hot and Humid Environment. Am J Mens Health 2022; 16:15579883221079150. [PMID: 35209744 PMCID: PMC8883315 DOI: 10.1177/15579883221079150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This research aims to describe and compare the effects of partial-body cryotherapy (PBC) and cold-water immersion (CWI) on the physiological responses of soccer players after cycling in a hot and humid environment. Sixteen elite soccer players participated in three experiments, and received CWI (13°C for 15 min), PBC (110°C−140°C for 3 min), and CON (room temperature: 21°C ± 2°C), respectively, after aerobic and anaerobic cycling in a hot and humid environment (temperature: 35°C–38°C; humidity: 60%–70%). Heart rate (HR), blood lactate (BLa-), perfusion index (PI), oxygen saturation (SaO2), core temperature (Tc), skin temperature (Ts), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were assessed at baseline and through 20 min (5-min intervals). HR was lower in CWI than CON after 20 min (p < .05). SaO2 was higher in CWI than PBC and CON between 10 and 20 min (p < .05). Tc was lower from CWI and PBC than CON between 10 and 20 min (p < .05). Ts was lower in PBC than CWI between 15 and 20 min (p < .05). RPE was lower in PBC than CON 20 min after the exercise (p < .05). No main group differences for BLa- and PI were observed. The physiological effects of PBC are generally similar to CWI. Compared with CON, both CWI and PBC could promote the recovery of physiological indexes within 20 min of exercise in a hot and humid environment. However, PBC can lead to a decrease in SaO2 due to excessive nitrogen inhalation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zewen Wang
- Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing, China
| | - Yongzhao Fan
- Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyang Kong
- Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing, China
| | | | | | - Hao Wu
- Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing, China
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Radecka A, Pluta W, Lubkowska A. Assessment of the Dynamics of Temperature Changes in the Knee Joint Area in Response to Selected Cooling Agents in Thermographic Tests. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18105326. [PMID: 34067781 PMCID: PMC8156555 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18105326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Although local cryotherapy (LC) is performed with various cooling agents (CAg) such as ice, water, and gasses, in clinical practice, it is mostly performed with cooling gasses. Presently, LC with cooling gasses is very popular but the inference about the thermal (stimulus) effect on the tissues is mainly based on research carried out using ice packs. The proposed objective of the study was to evaluate the dynamics of temperature changes in the knee joint area in response to a 3-min exposure to liquid nitrogen vapors (LNVs), cold air (CA) and ice bag (IB). The study group included 23 healthy volunteers with an average age of 26.67 ± 4.56. The exposed (ROIE) and contralateral (ROINE) areas of the knee joint after exposure to CAg were observed. Immediately after 3 min of LC, the ROIE temperature dropped by 10.11 ± 0.91 °C after LNV, 7.59 ± 0.14 °C after IB and 6.76 ± 1.3 °C after CA. Significant tissue cooling was maintained up to 15 min after LNV (p < 0.01), 10 min after IB (p < 0.05) and 5 min after CA (p < 0.05). LC causes significant temperature changes both in ROIE and ROINE. The greatest cooling potential was demonstrated for LNV and the lowest for CA.
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Impact of acute partial-body cryostimulation on cognitive performance, cerebral oxygenation, and cardiac autonomic activity. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7793. [PMID: 33833278 PMCID: PMC8032750 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87089-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We assessed the effects of a 3-min partial-body cryostimulation (PBC) exposure—where the whole body is exposed to extreme cold, except the head—on cognitive inhibition performance and the possible implications of parasympathetic cardiac control and cerebral oxygenation. In a randomized controlled counterbalanced cross-over design, eighteen healthy young adults (nine males and nine females) completed a cognitive Stroop task before and after one single session of PBC (3-min exposure at − 150 °C cold air) and a control condition (3 min at room temperature, 20 °C). During the cognitive task, heart rate variability (HRV) and cerebral oxygenation of the prefrontal cortex were measured using heart rate monitoring and near-infrared spectroscopy methods. We also recorded the cerebral oxygenation during the PBC session. Stroop performance after PBC exposure was enhanced (562.0 ± 40.2 ms) compared to pre-PBC (602.0 ± 56.4 ms; P < 0.042) in males only, accompanied by an increase (P < 0.05) in HRV indices of parasympathetic tone, in greater proportion in males compared to females. During PBC, cerebral oxygenation decreased in a similar proportion in males and females but the cerebral extraction (deoxyhemoglobin: ΔHHb) remained higher after exposure in males, only. These data demonstrate that a single PBC session enhances the cognitive inhibition performance on a Stroop task in males, partly mediated by a greater parasympathetic cardiac control and greater cerebral oxygenation. The effects of PBC on cognitive function seem different in females, possibly explained by a different sensitivity to cold stimulation.
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Jędrzejewski G, Kasper-Jędrzejewska M, Dolibog P, Szyguła R, Schleip R, Halski T. The Rolf Method of Structural Integration on Fascial Tissue Stiffness, Elasticity, and Superficial Blood Perfusion in Healthy Individuals: The Prospective, Interventional Study. Front Physiol 2020; 11:1062. [PMID: 33041843 PMCID: PMC7522439 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.01062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: There are multiple theories surrounding the physiological impact of structural integration (SI) with little evidence or research corroborating any of these. The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of 10 sessions of SI on fascial tissue (FT) superficial blood perfusion, stiffness, and elasticity in 13 healthy women. Methods: This was a prospective, interventional study. The primary outcome measures were FTs’ superficial blood perfusion, stiffness, and elasticity of bilateral selected FT points on the body. Data were collected before and after 10 sessions of SI intervention. Statistical analysis was performed using the non-parametric Wilcoxon test (intragroup comparison). Results: The superficial blood perfusion increased significantly in the most selected FT points on the body (p < 0.05). SI interventions produced significant decreases in selected points (brachioradialis, biceps brachii, and trapezius; p < 0.05) of FT stiffness and significant increases in elasticity (brachioradialis, biceps brachii, triceps surae, and trapezius; p < 0.05), especially in the FT of the right (dominant) upper limb. Conclusion: A 10-session of SI demonstrated positive effects on increasing superficial blood perfusion contributed to a decrease in FT stiffness and an increase in elasticity properties in the dominant upper limb. Data collection for this study is currently underway, and the trial is registered at ISRCTN.com with the identifier: ISRCTN46707309.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paweł Dolibog
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Opole, Opole, Poland
| | - Renata Szyguła
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Opole, Opole, Poland
| | - Robert Schleip
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.,Diploma University of Applied Sciences, Bad Sooden-Allendorf, Germany
| | - Tomasz Halski
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Opole, Opole, Poland
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Stoop R, Hohenauer E, Aerenhouts D, Barel AO, Deliens T, Clijsen R, Clarys P. Comparison of two skin temperature assessment methods after the application of topical revulsive products: Conductive iButton data logger system vs contact-free infrared thermometry. Skin Res Technol 2020; 26:648-653. [PMID: 32274890 PMCID: PMC7586984 DOI: 10.1111/srt.12847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Skin temperature assessments comprise conductive and contact‐free techniques. Comparison between conductive data loggers and contact‐free thermometry after the application of revulsive products is scarce. This study aimed to compare iButton data loggers with an infrared thermometer after the application of two revulsive products. Secondly, the relation between skin temperature kinetics with skin's perfusion of microcirculation was investigated. Materials and methods Healthy females (n = 25) were randomly allocated to two groups, representing the products A and B. Skin temperature was measured with “iButtons” and an infrared pistol at baseline and up to 1 hour after application. Skin's perfusion of microcirculation was monitored with a laser speckle contrast imager. Results Baseline “iButton” temperature values were significantly lower compared with infrared pistol values in both groups. After application of the products, skin temperature decreased as recorded with both devices followed by an increase to baseline values when measured with the pistol. The results obtained by the “iButtons” reached values above baseline in both products towards the end of the follow‐up period. A moderate correlation was found between infrared pistol and “iButton” system in product A, with a weak negative correlation between skin's perfusion of microcirculation and temperature devices. For product B, the correlation between the devices was moderate and between skin's perfusion and temperature devices weak and positive. Conclusion Both devices produced similar kinetics, except at baseline, where they may differ as metallic loggers have been insufficiently adapted to skin temperature. Skin's perfusion of microcirculation could not explain skin temperature changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahel Stoop
- Department of Business Economics, Health and Social Care, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Landquart, Switzerland.,Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Erich Hohenauer
- Department of Business Economics, Health and Social Care, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Landquart, Switzerland.,Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,International University of Applied Sciences THIM, Landquart, Switzerland.,School of Sport, Health and Exercise Science, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Dirk Aerenhouts
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - André O Barel
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Tom Deliens
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ron Clijsen
- Department of Business Economics, Health and Social Care, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Landquart, Switzerland.,Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,International University of Applied Sciences THIM, Landquart, Switzerland.,Department of Health, Bern University of Applied Sciences, Berne, Switzerland
| | - Peter Clarys
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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14
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Hohenauer E, Deliens T, Clarys P, Clijsen R. Perfusion of the skin's microcirculation after cold-water immersion (10°C) and partial-body cryotherapy (-135°C). Skin Res Technol 2019; 25:677-682. [PMID: 31038232 PMCID: PMC6849860 DOI: 10.1111/srt.12703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Investigations of the perfusion of the skin's microcirculation with laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) after cold treatments are rare. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effects between cold‐water immersion (CWI) conduction and partial‐body cryotherapy (PBC) convection on perfusion of the microcirculation and skin temperature on the thigh. Materials and Methods Twenty healthy males were randomly allocated to CWI (10°C for 10 minutes) or PBC (−60°C for 30 seconds, −135°C for 2 minutes). Perfusion and skin temperature measurements were conducted on the anterior thigh region up to 60 minutes post‐treatment. Results Cold‐water immersion decreased perfusion of the microcirculation significantly compared to baseline values between 10 minutes (P = 0.003) and 30 minutes (P = 0.01) post‐treatment. PBC increased perfusion of the microcirculation and decreased skin temperature only at the first measurement interval (0 minute, both P = 0.01) post‐treatment. Additionally, local skin temperature was significantly decreased compared to baseline values only after CWI up to 30 minutes (P = 0.04) post‐treatment. Conclusion Cold‐water immersion reduced local skin microcirculation and skin temperature while PBC only slightly increased the perfusion of the microcirculation immediately after the treatment. For cooling purposes, the conduction method seems superior compared to the convection method, assessed with a LSCI device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erich Hohenauer
- Department of Business Economics, Health and Social Care, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Landquart, Switzerland.,International University of Applied Sciences THIM, Landquart, Switzerland.,Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Tom Deliens
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Peter Clarys
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ron Clijsen
- Department of Business Economics, Health and Social Care, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Landquart, Switzerland.,International University of Applied Sciences THIM, Landquart, Switzerland.,Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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