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Miao X, Feng M, Zhu O, Yang F, Yin Y, Yin Y, Chen S, Qin T, Peng D, Liu X. H5N8 Subtype avian influenza virus isolated from migratory birds emerging in Eastern China possessed a high pathogenicity in mammals. Transbound Emerg Dis 2022; 69:3325-3338. [PMID: 35989421 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Novel H5N8 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) bearing the clade 2.3.4.4b HA gene have been widely spread through wild migratory birds since 2020. One H5N8 HPAIV (A/Wild bird/Cixi/Cixi02/2020; here after Cixi02) was isolated from migratory birds in Zhejiang Province, Eastern China in 25 November 2020. However, its pathogenicity in avian and mammal remains unknown. Hemagglutinin gene genetic analysis indicated that Cixi02 virus belonged to the branch II of H5 clade 2.3.4.4b originated from Iraq in May 2020. Cixi02 virus showed a binding affinity to both SA α-2, 3-galactose (Gal) and SA α-2, 6 Gal receptors, good pH stability, thermostability, and replication ability in both avian and mammal cells. The poultry pathogenicity indicated that Cixi02 virus was lethal to chickens. Moreover, the mammalian pathogenicity showed that the 50% mouse lethal dose (MLD50 ) is 2.14 lgEID50 /50 μl, indicating a high pathogenicity in mice. Meanwhile, Cixi02 virus was widely detected in multiple organs, including heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, turbinate, and brain after nasal infection. In addition, we found high level gene expressions of TNF-α, IL-12p70, CXCL10, and IFN-α in lungs, IL-8 and IL-1β in brains, and observed severe histopathological change in lungs and brains. Collectedly, this study provided new insights on the pathogenic and zoonotic features of an H5N8 subtype AIV isolated from migratory birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Miao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- Jiangsu Research Centre of Engineering and Technology for Prevention and Control of Poultry Disease, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Mingcan Feng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- Jiangsu Research Centre of Engineering and Technology for Prevention and Control of Poultry Disease, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Ouwen Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- Jiangsu Research Centre of Engineering and Technology for Prevention and Control of Poultry Disease, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Fan Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- Jiangsu Research Centre of Engineering and Technology for Prevention and Control of Poultry Disease, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Yinyan Yin
- School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Yuncong Yin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- Jiangsu Research Centre of Engineering and Technology for Prevention and Control of Poultry Disease, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Sujuan Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- Jiangsu Research Centre of Engineering and Technology for Prevention and Control of Poultry Disease, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Tao Qin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- Jiangsu Research Centre of Engineering and Technology for Prevention and Control of Poultry Disease, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Daxin Peng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- Jiangsu Research Centre of Engineering and Technology for Prevention and Control of Poultry Disease, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Xiufan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
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