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Kodama Y, Matsuura A, Shirahige A, Hiroshima M, Tsushima Y, Tanaka M, Inagaki M, Ito R, Yokoyama T. Recurrent Verruconis gallopava Infection at One Year after Excision of a Solitary Pulmonary Lesion. Intern Med 2024; 63:1499-1503. [PMID: 37661451 PMCID: PMC11157328 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.2263-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We herein report a case of recurrent infection caused by Verruconis gallopava, which is known to cause fatal phaeohyphomycosis. A 71-year-old man presented with a fever, and computed tomography revealed right chest wall thickening. Eleven years earlier, he had undergone autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for a hematological malignancy. One year earlier, he had undergone excision of a solitary pulmonary nodule, from which had been detected V. gallopava. On this occasion, right chest wall surgery was performed to investigate the cause of the fever, which led to the diagnosis of recurrent infection. Even if a localized lesion is excised, additional antifungal therapy should be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Kodama
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Aichi Medical Center Nagoya Daiichi Hospital, Japan
| | - Akihiko Matsuura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Aichi Medical Center Nagoya Daiichi Hospital, Japan
| | - Aya Shirahige
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Aichi Medical Center Nagoya Daiichi Hospital, Japan
| | - Masao Hiroshima
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Aichi Medical Center Nagoya Daiichi Hospital, Japan
| | - Yusuke Tsushima
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Aichi Medical Center Nagoya Daiichi Hospital, Japan
| | - Mari Tanaka
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Aichi Medical Center Nagoya Daiichi Hospital, Japan
| | - Masayasu Inagaki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Aichi Medical Center Nagoya Daiichi Hospital, Japan
| | - Ryota Ito
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Aichi Medical Center Nagoya Daiichi Hospital, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Yokoyama
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Aichi Medical Center Nagoya Daiichi Hospital, Japan
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2
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Menu E, Filori Q, Dufour JC, Ranque S, L’Ollivier C. A Repertoire of Clinical Non-Dermatophytes Moulds. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9040433. [PMID: 37108888 PMCID: PMC10146755 DOI: 10.3390/jof9040433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Humans are constantly exposed to micromycetes, especially filamentous fungi that are ubiquitous in the environment. In the presence of risk factors, mostly related to an alteration of immunity, the non-dermatophyte fungi can then become opportunistic pathogens, causing superficial, deep or disseminated infections. With new molecular tools applied to medical mycology and revisions in taxonomy, the number of fungi described in humans is rising. Some rare species are emerging, and others more frequent are increasing. The aim of this review is to (i) inventory the filamentous fungi found in humans and (ii) provide details on the anatomical sites where they have been identified and the semiology of infections. Among the 239,890 fungi taxa and corresponding synonyms, if any, retrieved from the Mycobank and NCBI Taxonomy databases, we were able to identify 565 moulds in humans. These filamentous fungi were identified in one or more anatomical sites. From a clinical point of view, this review allows us to realize that some uncommon fungi isolated in non-sterile sites may be involved in invasive infections. It may present a first step in the understanding of the pathogenicity of filamentous fungi and the interpretation of the results obtained with the new molecular diagnostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estelle Menu
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13385 Marseille, France
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Service de Santé des Armées, VITROME: Vecteurs-Infections Tropicales et Méditerra-néennes, Aix Marseille Université, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Quentin Filori
- INSERM, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences Economiques & Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l’Information Médicale, ISSPAM, Aix Marseille University, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Charles Dufour
- INSERM, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences Economiques & Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l’Information Médicale, ISSPAM, Aix Marseille University, 13385 Marseille, France
- APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Service Biostatistique et Technologies de l’Information et de la Communication, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Stéphane Ranque
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13385 Marseille, France
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Service de Santé des Armées, VITROME: Vecteurs-Infections Tropicales et Méditerra-néennes, Aix Marseille Université, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Coralie L’Ollivier
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13385 Marseille, France
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Service de Santé des Armées, VITROME: Vecteurs-Infections Tropicales et Méditerra-néennes, Aix Marseille Université, 13385 Marseille, France
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3
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Tsai YT, Lu PL, Lee KM, Kuo YR. Lung and Brain Abscesses in an Upper Extremity Allotransplantation Recipient. Clin Infect Dis 2022; 75:545-548. [PMID: 36041231 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Te Tsai
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Po Liang Lu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kun Mu Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yur Ren Kuo
- Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Orthopaedic Research Center, Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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4
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Murata K, Ogawa Y, Kusama K, Yasuhara Y. Disseminated Verruconis gallopava infection in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus in Japan: A case report, literature review, and autopsy case. Med Mycol Case Rep 2022; 35:35-38. [PMID: 35096522 PMCID: PMC8783064 DOI: 10.1016/j.mmcr.2022.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Disseminated Verruconis gallopava infection is often reported in patients with severe immunodeficiency, such as those who have received an organ transplant or have hematological malignancies. The present report describes the first case of disseminated V. gallopava in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus who used FK506 (Tacrolimus). In this case, β-D glucan was useful for diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenya Murata
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sakai City Medical Hospital, Ebaraji 1-1-1, Sakai, Osaka, Japan
- Corresponding author.
| | - Yoshihiko Ogawa
- Department of Infectious Disease, Sakai City Medical Hospital, Ebaraji 1-1-1, Sakai, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kayo Kusama
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sakai City Medical Hospital, Ebaraji 1-1-1, Sakai, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yumiko Yasuhara
- Department of Pathology, Sakai City Medical Hospital, Ebaraji 1-1-1, Sakai, Osaka, Japan
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5
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Adelman MW, Dean CL, Friedman-Moraco RJ. A Brain Abscess and Pulmonary Nodules in a Heart/Kidney Transplant Recipient. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 71:1795-1797. [PMID: 33095258 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Max W Adelman
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Christina L Dean
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Rachel J Friedman-Moraco
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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6
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Bombassaro A, Schneider GX, Costa FF, Leão ACR, Soley BS, Medeiros F, da Silva NM, Lima BJFS, Castro RJA, Bocca AL, Baura VA, Balsanelli E, Pankievicz VCS, Hrysay NMC, Scola RH, Moreno LF, Azevedo CMPS, Souza EM, Gomes RR, de Hoog S, Vicente VA. Genomics and Virulence of Fonsecaea pugnacius, Agent of Disseminated Chromoblastomycosis. Front Genet 2020; 11:822. [PMID: 32849816 PMCID: PMC7417343 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Among agents of chromoblastomycosis, Fonsecaea pugnacius presents a unique type of infection because of its secondary neurotropic dissemination from a chronic cutaneous case in an immunocompetent patient. Neurotropism occurs with remarkable frequency in the fungal family Herpotrichiellaceae, possibly associated with the ability of some species to metabolize aromatic hydrocarbons. In an attempt to understand this new disease pattern, were conducted genomic analysis of Fonsecaea pugnacius (CBS 139214) performed with de novo assembly, gene prediction, annotation and mitochondrial genome assembly, supplemented with animal infection models performed with Tenebrio molitor in Mus musculus lineages BALB/c and C57BL/6. The genome draft of 34.8 Mb was assembled with a total of 12,217 protein-coding genes. Several proteins, enzymes and metabolic pathways related to extremotolerance and virulence were recognized. The enzyme profiles of black fungi involved in chromoblastomycosis and brain infection were analyzed with the Carbohydrate-Active Enzymes (CAZY) and peptidases database (MEROPS). The capacity of the fungus to survive inside Tenebrio molitor animal model was confirmed by histopathological analysis and by presence of melanin and hyphae in host tissue. Although F. pugnacius was isolated from brain in a murine model following intraperitoneal infection, cytokine levels were not statistically significant, indicating a profile of an opportunistic agent. A dual ecological ability can be concluded from presence of metabolic pathways for nutrient scavenging and extremotolerance, combined with a capacity to infect human hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Bombassaro
- Microbiology, Parasitology and Pathology Post-graduation Program, Department of Basic Pathology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Gabriela X Schneider
- Microbiology, Parasitology and Pathology Post-graduation Program, Department of Basic Pathology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Flávia F Costa
- Engineering Bioprocess and Biotechnology Post-graduation Program, Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Aniele C R Leão
- Engineering Bioprocess and Biotechnology Post-graduation Program, Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Bruna S Soley
- Pharmacology Post-graduation Program, Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Medeiros
- Graduation in Biology Sciences, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Nickolas M da Silva
- Engineering Bioprocess and Biotechnology Post-graduation Program, Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Bruna J F S Lima
- Microbiology, Parasitology and Pathology Post-graduation Program, Department of Basic Pathology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | - Anamélia L Bocca
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Valter A Baura
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Balsanelli
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | - Nyvia M C Hrysay
- Service of Neuromuscular and Demyelinating Diseases, Complex Histochemistry-Immunity Laboratory, Hospital of Clinics, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Rosana H Scola
- Service of Neuromuscular and Demyelinating Diseases, Complex Histochemistry-Immunity Laboratory, Hospital of Clinics, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Leandro F Moreno
- Engineering Bioprocess and Biotechnology Post-graduation Program, Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | - Emanuel M Souza
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Renata R Gomes
- Microbiology, Parasitology and Pathology Post-graduation Program, Department of Basic Pathology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Sybren de Hoog
- Microbiology, Parasitology and Pathology Post-graduation Program, Department of Basic Pathology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.,Center of Expertise in Mycology of Radboud University Medical Center/Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Vânia A Vicente
- Microbiology, Parasitology and Pathology Post-graduation Program, Department of Basic Pathology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.,Engineering Bioprocess and Biotechnology Post-graduation Program, Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
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7
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Moran C, Delafield NL, Kenny G, Asbury KL, Larsen BT, Lambert KL, Patron RL. A case ofVerruconis gallopavainfection in a heart transplant recipient successfully treated with posaconazole. Transpl Infect Dis 2019; 21:e13044. [DOI: 10.1111/tid.13044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Conor Moran
- Department of Medicine Mater Misericordiae University Hospital Dublin Ireland
| | | | - Grace Kenny
- Department of Medicine Mater Misericordiae University Hospital Dublin Ireland
| | - Kara L. Asbury
- Division of Infectious Diseases Mayo Clinic Hospital Phoenix Arizona
| | - Brandon T. Larsen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Mayo Clinic Scottsdale Arizona
| | - Karen L. Lambert
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Mayo Clinic Hospital Phoenix Arizona
| | - Roberto L. Patron
- Division of Infectious Diseases Mayo Clinic Hospital Phoenix Arizona
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8
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Infections in Heart, Lung, and Heart-Lung Transplantation. PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE OF TRANSPLANT INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2019. [PMCID: PMC7121494 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9034-4_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Half a century has passed since the first orthotopic heart transplant took place. Surgical innovations allowed for heart, lung, and heart-lung transplantation to save lives of patients with incurable chronic cardiopulmonary conditions. The complexity of the surgical interventions, chronic host health conditions, and antirejection immunosuppressive medications makes infectious complications common. Infections have remained one of the main barriers for successful transplantation and a source of significant morbidity and mortality. Recognition of infections and its management in this setting require outstanding clinical skills since transplant recipients may not exhibit classic signs or symptoms of disease, and laboratory work has some pitfalls. The prevention, identification, and management of infectious diseases complications in this population are a priority to undertake to improve the medical outcomes of transplantation. Herein, we reviewed the historical aspects, epidemiology, and prophylaxis of infections in heart, lung, and heart-lung transplantation. We also discuss the most prevalent organisms affecting the host and the organ systems involved.
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10
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Zhang TY, Yu Y, Zhang MY, Cheng J, Chen ZJ, Zhang JY, Zhang YX. Verruconis panacis sp. nov., an endophyte isolated from Panax notoginseng. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2018; 68:2499-2503. [PMID: 29923818 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.002862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
An endophytic strain (designated as strain SYPF 8337T) was isolated from the root of 3-year-old Panax notoginseng in Yunnan province of China. Strain SYPF 8337T grew slowly and formed pale brown to brown colonies. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that strain SYPF 8337T was placed in the Verruconis clade. Different from other Verruconis species, strain SYPF 8337T produced four-cell conidia. Furthermore, strain SYPF 8337T is the first fungus isolated as an endophyte of P. notoginseng in the genus Verruconis. Combined with the morphology and molecular analyses, a new species named Verruconis panacis sp. nov. is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Yuan Zhang
- 1School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Ying Yu
- 1School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Meng-Yue Zhang
- 1School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Juan Cheng
- 1School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Zhong-Jian Chen
- 2Wenshan Sanqi Research Institute, Wenshan University, Wenshan 663000, PR China
| | - Jin-Yu Zhang
- 3Institute of Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650200, PR China
| | - Yi-Xuan Zhang
- 1School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
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11
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Jennings Z, Kable K, Halliday CL, Nankivell BJ, Kok J, Wong G, Chen SCA. Verruconis gallopava cardiac and endovascular infection with dissemination after renal transplantation: Case report and lessons learned. Med Mycol Case Rep 2016; 15:5-8. [PMID: 28053851 PMCID: PMC5198741 DOI: 10.1016/j.mmcr.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Verruconis gallopava is an uncommon cause of phaeohyphomycosis. We describe an unusual case of disseminated V. gallopava infection in a renal transplant recipient involving the endocardium but without endocarditis, associated with fungaemia and infection in the skin, oral cavity, brain and lung. The isolate was first detected from blood cultures which is rare. Surgical resection of cardiac fungal mass was not possible. The patient died despite resolution of fungaemia and combination antifungal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe Jennings
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services, ICPMR – Pathology West, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
- Corresponding author.
| | - Kathy Kable
- Deparment of Renal Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Catriona L. Halliday
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services, ICPMR – Pathology West, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Jen Kok
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services, ICPMR – Pathology West, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Germaine Wong
- Deparment of Renal Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Hospital and Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sharon C.-A. Chen
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services, ICPMR – Pathology West, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
- Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases & Biosecurity, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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12
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Shi D, Lu G, Mei H, de Hoog GS, Samerpitak K, Deng S, Shen Y, Liu W. Subcutaneous infection by Ochroconis mirabilis in an immunocompetent patient. Med Mycol Case Rep 2016; 11:44-7. [PMID: 27182484 PMCID: PMC4857222 DOI: 10.1016/j.mmcr.2016.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, the taxonomy of Ochroconis (Ascomycota, Pezizomycotina, Venturiales, Sympoventuriaceae) has been revised with the recognition of an additional genus, Verruconis. Ochroconis comprises mesophilic saprobes that occasionally infect vertebrates which mostly are cold-blooded, while Verruconis contains thermophilic species which is a neurotrope in humans and birds. On the basis of molecular data it is noted that only a single Ochroconis species regularly infects immunocompetent human hosts. Here we report a subcutaneous infection due to Ochroconis mirabilis in a 50-year-old immunocompetent female patient. In vitro antifungal susceptibility tests revealed that terbinafine was the most effective drug. The patient was successfully cured with oral administration of terbinafine 250 mg daily in combination with 3 times of topical ALA-photodynamic therapy for 9 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Shandong, China; Department of Mycology, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guixia Lu
- Department of Mycology, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huan Mei
- Department of Mycology, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | | | | | - Shuwen Deng
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Mycology, Changzheng Hospital of Second Military University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongnian Shen
- Department of Mycology, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weida Liu
- Department of Mycology, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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13
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Douglas AP, Chen SCA, Slavin MA. Emerging infections caused by non-Aspergillus filamentous fungi. Clin Microbiol Infect 2016; 22:670-80. [PMID: 26812445 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2016.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 01/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
There are three broad groups of non-Aspergillus moulds: the mucormycetes, the hyalohyphomycetes and the phaeohyphomycetes. Infections with these pathogens are increasingly reported, particularly in the context of increasing use of immunosuppressant agents and improved diagnostics. The epidemiology of non-Aspergillus mould infections varies with geography, climate and level of immunosuppression. Skin and soft-tissue infections are the predominant presentation in the immunocompetent host and pulmonary and other invasive infections in the immunocompromised host. The more common non-Aspergillus moulds include Rhizopus, Mucor, Fusarium and Scedosporium species; however, other emerging pathogens are Rasamsonia and Verruconis species, which are discussed in this article. Outbreaks of non-Aspergillus mould infections have been increasingly reported, with contaminated medical supplies and natural disasters as common sources. Currently culture and other conventional diagnostic methods are the cornerstone of diagnosis. Molecular methods to directly detect and identify mould pathogens in tissue and body fluids are increasingly used.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Douglas
- Victorian Infectious Diseases Service, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - S C-A Chen
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services, ICPMR-Pathology West, Westmead Hospital, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - M A Slavin
- Victorian Infectious Diseases Service, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Infectious Diseases, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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14
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Chowdhary A, Meis J, Guarro J, de Hoog G, Kathuria S, Arendrup M, Arikan-Akdagli S, Akova M, Boekhout T, Caira M, Guinea J, Chakrabarti A, Dannaoui E, van Diepeningen A, Freiberger T, Groll A, Hope W, Johnson E, Lackner M, Lagrou K, Lanternier F, Lass-Flörl C, Lortholary O, Meletiadis J, Muñoz P, Pagano L, Petrikkos G, Richardson M, Roilides E, Skiada A, Tortorano A, Ullmann A, Verweij P, Cornely O, Cuenca-Estrella M. ESCMID and ECMM joint clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and management of systemic phaeohyphomycosis: diseases caused by black fungi. Clin Microbiol Infect 2014; 20 Suppl 3:47-75. [DOI: 10.1111/1469-0691.12515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Revised: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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Antifungal susceptibility patterns of opportunistic fungi in the genera Verruconis and Ochroconis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2014; 58:3285-92. [PMID: 24687495 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00002-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Species of Verruconis and species of Ochroconis are dematiaceous fungi generally found in the environment but having the ability to infect humans, dogs, cats, poultry, and fish. This study presents the antifungal susceptibility patterns of these fungi at the species level. Forty strains originating from clinical and environmental sources were phylogenetically identified at the species level by using sequences of the ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (rDNA ITS). In vitro antifungal susceptibility testing was performed against eight antifungals, using the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) broth microdilution method. The geometric mean MICs for amphotericin B (AMB), flucytosine (5FC), fluconazole (FLC), itraconazole (ITC), voriconazole (VRC), and posaconazole (POS) and minimum effective concentrations (MECs) for caspofungin (CAS) and anidulafungin (AFG) across the Ochroconis and Verruconis species were as follows, in increasing order. For Verruconis species, the values (μg/ml) were as follows: AFG, 0.04; POS, 0.25; ITC, 0.37; AMB, 0.50; CAS, 0.65; VRC, 0.96; 5FC, 10.45; and FLC, 47.25. For Ochroconis species, the values (μg/ml) were as follows: AFG, 0.06; POS, 0.11; CAS, 0.67; VRC, 2.76; ITC, 3.94; AMB, 5.68; 5FC, 34.48; and FLC, 61.33. Antifungal susceptibility of Ochroconis and Verruconis was linked with phylogenetic distance and thermotolerance. Echinocandins and POS showed the greatest in vitro activity, providing possible treatment options for Ochroconis and Verruconis infections.
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