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Wu J, Liu H, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Li D, Liu S, Lu S, Wei L, Hua J, Zou B. A major gene for chilling tolerance variation in Indica rice codes for a kinase OsCTK1 that phosphorylates multiple substrates under cold. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 242:2077-2092. [PMID: 38494697 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Rice is susceptible to chilling stress. Identifying chilling tolerance genes and their mechanisms are key to improve rice performance. Here, we performed a genome-wide association study to identify regulatory genes for chilling tolerance in rice. One major gene for chilling tolerance variation in Indica rice was identified as a casein kinase gene OsCTK1. Its function and natural variation are investigated at the physiological and molecular level by its mutants and transgenic plants. Potential substrates of OsCTK1 were identified by phosphoproteomic analysis, protein-protein interaction assay, in vitro kinase assay, and mutant characterization. OsCTK1 positively regulates rice chilling tolerance. Three of its putative substrates, acidic ribosomal protein OsP3B, cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel OsCNGC9, and dual-specific mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase OsMKP1, are each involved in chilling tolerance. In addition, a natural OsCTK1 chilling-tolerant (CT) variant exhibited a higher kinase activity and conferred greater chilling tolerance compared with a chilling-sensitive (CS) variant. The CT variant is more prevalent in CT accessions and is distributed more frequently in higher latitude compared with the CS variant. This study thus enables a better understanding of chilling tolerance mechanisms and provides gene variants for genetic improvement of chilling tolerance in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Cyrus Tang Innovation Center for Crop Seed Industry, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Huimin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Cyrus Tang Innovation Center for Crop Seed Industry, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Cyrus Tang Innovation Center for Crop Seed Industry, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- China National Rice Research Institute, 359 Tiyuchang Road, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Yingdong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Cyrus Tang Innovation Center for Crop Seed Industry, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Dongling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Cyrus Tang Innovation Center for Crop Seed Industry, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Shiyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Cyrus Tang Innovation Center for Crop Seed Industry, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Shan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Cyrus Tang Innovation Center for Crop Seed Industry, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Lihui Wei
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Jian Hua
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Baohong Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Cyrus Tang Innovation Center for Crop Seed Industry, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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2
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Wei S, Yu Z, Du F, Cao F, Yang M, Liu C, Qi Z, Chen Q, Zou J, Wang J. Integrated Transcriptomic and Proteomic Characterization of a Chromosome Segment Substitution Line Reveals the Regulatory Mechanism Controlling the Seed Weight in Soybean. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:908. [PMID: 38592937 PMCID: PMC10975824 DOI: 10.3390/plants13060908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Soybean is the major global source of edible oils and vegetable proteins. Seed size and weight are crucial traits determining the soybean yield. Understanding the molecular regulatory mechanism underlying the seed weight and size is helpful for improving soybean genetic breeding. The molecular regulatory pathways controlling the seed weight and size were investigated in this study. The 100-seed weight, seed length, seed width, and seed weight per plant of a chromosome segment substitution line (CSSL) R217 increased compared with those of its recurrent parent 'Suinong14' (SN14). Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses of R217 and SN14 were performed at the seed developmental stages S15 and S20. In total, 2643 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 208 differentially accumulated proteins (DAPs) were detected at S15, and 1943 DEGs and 1248 DAPs were detected at S20. Furthermore, integrated transcriptomic and proteomic analyses revealed that mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling and cell wall biosynthesis and modification were potential pathways associated with seed weight and size control. Finally, 59 candidate genes that might control seed weight and size were identified. Among them, 25 genes were located on the substituted segments of R217. Two critical pathways controlling seed weight were uncovered in our work. These findings provided new insights into the seed weight-related regulatory network in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siming Wei
- National Key Laboratory of Smart Farm Technology and System, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (S.W.); (F.D.); (F.C.); (M.Y.); (C.L.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Zhenhai Yu
- Heilongjiang Province Green Food Science Institute, Harbin 150028, China;
| | - Fangfang Du
- National Key Laboratory of Smart Farm Technology and System, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (S.W.); (F.D.); (F.C.); (M.Y.); (C.L.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Fubin Cao
- National Key Laboratory of Smart Farm Technology and System, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (S.W.); (F.D.); (F.C.); (M.Y.); (C.L.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Mingliang Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Smart Farm Technology and System, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (S.W.); (F.D.); (F.C.); (M.Y.); (C.L.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Chunyan Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Smart Farm Technology and System, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (S.W.); (F.D.); (F.C.); (M.Y.); (C.L.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Zhaoming Qi
- National Key Laboratory of Smart Farm Technology and System, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (S.W.); (F.D.); (F.C.); (M.Y.); (C.L.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Qingshan Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Smart Farm Technology and System, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (S.W.); (F.D.); (F.C.); (M.Y.); (C.L.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Jianan Zou
- National Key Laboratory of Smart Farm Technology and System, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (S.W.); (F.D.); (F.C.); (M.Y.); (C.L.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Jinhui Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Smart Farm Technology and System, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (S.W.); (F.D.); (F.C.); (M.Y.); (C.L.); (Z.Q.)
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3
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Liu S, Zhang F, Su J, Fang A, Tian B, Yu Y, Bi C, Ma D, Xiao S, Yang Y. CRISPR-targeted mutagenesis of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase 1 improves both immunity and yield in wheat. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2024. [PMID: 38366355 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Plants have evolved a sophisticated immunity system for specific detection of pathogens and rapid induction of measured defences. Over- or constitutive activation of defences would negatively affect plant growth and development. Hence, the plant immune system is under tight positive and negative regulation. MAP kinase phosphatase1 (MKP1) has been identified as a negative regulator of plant immunity in model plant Arabidopsis. However, the molecular mechanisms by which MKP1 regulates immune signalling in wheat (Triticum aestivum) are poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the role of TaMKP1 in wheat defence against two devastating fungal pathogens and determined its subcellular localization. We demonstrated that knock-down of TaMKP1 by CRISPR/Cas9 in wheat resulted in enhanced resistance to rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) and powdery mildew caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt), indicating that TaMKP1 negatively regulates disease resistance in wheat. Unexpectedly, while Tamkp1 mutant plants showed increased resistance to the two tested fungal pathogens they also had higher yield compared with wild-type control plants without infection. Our results suggested that TaMKP1 interacts directly with dephosphorylated and activated TaMPK3/4/6, and TaMPK4 interacts directly with TaPAL. Taken together, we demonstrated TaMKP1 exert negative modulating roles in the activation of TaMPK3/4/6, which are required for MAPK-mediated defence signalling. This facilitates our understanding of the important roles of MAP kinase phosphatases and MAPK cascades in plant immunity and production, and provides germplasm resources for breeding for high resistance and high yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saifei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Institute for Plant Sciences, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Fengfeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiaxuan Su
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Anfei Fang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Binnian Tian
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chaowei Bi
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dongfang Ma
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry/College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Shunyuan Xiao
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, Maryland, USA
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Yuheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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4
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Kumar S, Sharma N, Sopory SK, Sanan-Mishra N. miRNAs and genes as molecular regulators of rice grain morphology and yield. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 207:108363. [PMID: 38281341 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Rice is one of the most consumed crops worldwide and the genetic and molecular basis of its grain yield attributes are well understood. Various studies have identified different yield-related parameters in rice that are regulated by the microRNAs (miRNAs). MiRNAs are endogenous small non-coding RNAs that silence gene expression during or after transcription. They control a variety of biological or genetic activities in plants including growth, development and response to stress. In this review, we have summarized the available information on the genetic control of panicle architecture and grain yield (number and morphology) in rice. The miRNA nodes that are associated with their regulation are also described while focussing on the central role of miR156-SPL node to highlight the co-regulation of two master regulators that determine the fate of panicle development. Since abiotic stresses are known to negatively affect yield, the impact of abiotic stress induced alterations on the levels of these miRNAs are also discussed to highlight the potential of miRNAs for regulating crop yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhir Kumar
- Plant RNAi Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
| | - Neha Sharma
- Plant RNAi Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
| | - Sudhir K Sopory
- Plant RNAi Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
| | - Neeti Sanan-Mishra
- Plant RNAi Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
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5
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Sojka J, Šamajová O, Šamaj J. Gene-edited protein kinases and phosphatases in molecular plant breeding. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023:S1360-1385(23)00378-3. [PMID: 38151445 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2023.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Protein phosphorylation, the most common and essential post-translational modification, belongs to crucial regulatory mechanisms in plants, affecting their metabolism, intracellular transport, cytoarchitecture, cell division, growth, development, and interactions with the environment. Protein kinases and phosphatases, two important families of enzymes optimally regulating phosphorylation, have now become important targets for gene editing in crops. We review progress on gene-edited protein kinases and phosphatases in crops using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9). We also provide guidance for computational prediction of alterations and/or changes in function, activity, and binding of protein kinases and phosphatases as consequences of CRISPR/Cas9-based gene editing with its possible application in modern crop molecular breeding towards sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Sojka
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Olga Šamajová
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jozef Šamaj
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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6
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Gasparis S, Miłoszewski MM. Genetic Basis of Grain Size and Weight in Rice, Wheat, and Barley. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16921. [PMID: 38069243 PMCID: PMC10706642 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Grain size is a key component of grain yield in cereals. It is a complex quantitative trait controlled by multiple genes. Grain size is determined via several factors in different plant development stages, beginning with early tillering, spikelet formation, and assimilates accumulation during the pre-anthesis phase, up to grain filling and maturation. Understanding the genetic and molecular mechanisms that control grain size is a prerequisite for improving grain yield potential. The last decade has brought significant progress in genomic studies of grain size control. Several genes underlying grain size and weight were identified and characterized in rice, which is a model plant for cereal crops. A molecular function analysis revealed most genes are involved in different cell signaling pathways, including phytohormone signaling, transcriptional regulation, ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, and other physiological processes. Compared to rice, the genetic background of grain size in other important cereal crops, such as wheat and barley, remains largely unexplored. However, the high level of conservation of genomic structure and sequences between closely related cereal crops should facilitate the identification of functional orthologs in other species. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the genetic and molecular bases of grain size and weight in wheat, barley, and rice, focusing on the latest discoveries in the field. We also present possibly the most updated list of experimentally validated genes that have a strong effect on grain size and discuss their molecular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Gasparis
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute—National Research Institute in Radzików, 05-870 Błonie, Poland;
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Liu Y, Xi W, Wang X, Li H, Liu H, Li T, Hou J, Liu X, Hao C, Zhang X. TabHLH95-TaNF-YB1 module promotes grain starch synthesis in bread wheat. J Genet Genomics 2023; 50:883-894. [PMID: 37062449 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Starch is the most abundant substance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) endosperm and provides the major carbohydrate energy for human daily life. Starch synthesis-related (SSR) genes are believed to be spatiotemporally specific, but their transcriptional regulation remains unclear in wheat. Here, we investigate the role of the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor TabHLH95 in starch synthesis. TabHLH95 is preferentially expressed in the developing grains in wheat and encodes a nucleus localized protein without autoactivation activity. The Tabhlh95 knockout mutants display smaller grain size and less starch content than wild type, whereas overexpression of TabHLH95 enhances starch accumulation and significantly improves thousand grain weight. Transcriptome analysis reveals that the expression of multiple SSR genes is significantly reduced in the Tabhlh95 mutants. TabHLH95 binds to the promoters of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase large subunit 1 (AGPL1-1D/-1B), AGPL2-5D, and isoamylase (ISA1-7D) and enhances their transcription. Intriguingly, TabHLH95 interacts with the nuclear factor Y (NF-Y) family transcription factor TaNF-YB1, thereby synergistically regulating starch synthesis. These results suggest that the TabHLH95-TaNF-YB1 complex positively modulates starch synthesis and grain weight by regulating the expression of a subset of SSR genes, thus providing a good potential approach for genetic improvement of grain productivity in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunchuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wei Xi
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science (Gansu Agricultural University)/Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement & Germplasm Enhancement, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China; College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Xiaolu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Huifang Li
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hongxia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Tian Li
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jian Hou
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Chenyang Hao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Xueyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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Qing D, Chen W, Huang S, Li J, Pan Y, Zhou W, Liang Q, Yuan J, Gan D, Chen L, Chen L, Huang J, Zhou Y, Dai G, Deng G. Editing of rice (Oryza sativa L.) OsMKK3 gene using CRISPR/Cas9 decreases grain length by modulating the expression of photosystem components. Proteomics 2023; 23:e2200538. [PMID: 37376803 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202200538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Grain size is one of the most important agronomic traits for grain yield determination in rice. To better understand the proteins that are regulated by the grain size regulatory gene OsMKK3, this gene was knocked out using the CRISPR/Cas9 system, and tandem mass tag (TMT) labeling combined with liquid chromatograph-tandem mass spectrometry analysis was performed to study the regulation of proteins in the panicle. Quantitative proteomic screening revealed a total of 106 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) via comparison of the OsMKK3 mutant line to the wild-type YexiangB, including 15 and 91 up-regulated and down-regulated DEPs, respectively. Pathway analysis revealed that DEPs were enriched in metabolic pathways, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and photosynthesis. Strong interactions were detected among seven down-regulated proteins related to photosystem components in the protein-protein interaction network, and photosynthetic rate was decreased in mutant plants. The results of the liquid chromatography-parallel reaction monitoring/mass spectromery analysis and western blot analysis were consistent with the results of the proteomic analysis, and the results of the quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that the expression levels of most candidate genes were consistent with protein levels. Overall, OsMKK3 controls grain size by regulating the protein content in cells. Our findings provide new candidate genes that will aid the study of grain size regulatory mechanisms associated with the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjin Qing
- Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Nanning, China
| | - Weiwei Chen
- Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Nanning, China
| | - Suosheng Huang
- Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Plant Protection Research Institute, Nanning, China
| | - Jingcheng Li
- Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Nanning, China
| | - Yinghua Pan
- Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Nanning, China
| | - Weiyong Zhou
- Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Nanning, China
| | - Qiongyue Liang
- Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Nanning, China
| | - Jinghua Yuan
- Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Nanning, China
| | - Dongmei Gan
- Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Nanning, China
| | - Li Chen
- Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Nanning, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Nanning, China
| | - Juan Huang
- Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Nanning, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning, China
| | - Gaoxing Dai
- Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Nanning, China
| | - Guofu Deng
- Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Nanning, China
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9
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Zhong Q, Jia Q, Yin W, Wang Y, Rao Y, Mao Y. Advances in cloning functional genes for rice yield traits and molecular design breeding in China. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1206165. [PMID: 37404533 PMCID: PMC10317195 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1206165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Rice, a major food crop in China, contributes significantly to international food stability. Advances in rice genome sequencing, bioinformatics, and transgenic techniques have catalyzed Chinese researchers' discovery of novel genes that control rice yield. These breakthroughs in research also encompass the analysis of genetic regulatory networks and the establishment of a new framework for molecular design breeding, leading to numerous transformative findings in this field. In this review, some breakthroughs in rice yield traits and a series of achievements in molecular design breeding in China in recent years are presented; the identification and cloning of functional genes related to yield traits and the development of molecular markers of rice functional genes are summarized, with the intention of playing a reference role in the following molecular design breeding work and how to further improve rice yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Zhong
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiwei Jia
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenjing Yin
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuexing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuchun Rao
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yijian Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
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10
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Wang X, Liu Y, Hao C, Li T, Majeed U, Liu H, Li H, Hou J, Zhang X. Wheat NAC-A18 regulates grain starch and storage proteins synthesis and affects grain weight. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2023; 136:123. [PMID: 37147554 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04365-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Wheat NAC-A18 regulates both starch and storage protein synthesis in the grain, and a haplotype with positive effects on grain weight showed increased frequency during wheat breeding in China. Starch and seed storage protein (SSP) directly affect the processing quality of wheat grain. The synthesis of starch and SSP are also regulated at the transcriptional level. However, only a few starch and SSP regulators have been identified in wheat. In this study, we discovered a NAC transcription factor, designated as NAC-A18, which acts as a regulator of both starch and SSP synthesis. NAC-A18, is predominately expressed in wheat developing grains, encodes a transcription factor localized in the nucleus, with both activation and repression domains. Ectopic expression of wheat NAC-A18 in rice significantly decreased starch accumulation and increased SSP accumulation and grain size and weight. Dual-luciferase reporter assays indicated that NAC-A18 could reduce the expression of TaGBSSI-A1 and TaGBSSI-A2, and enhance the expression of TaLMW-D6 and TaLMW-D1. A yeast one hybrid assay demonstrated that NAC-A18 bound directly to the cis-element "ACGCAA" in the promoters of TaLMW-D6 and TaLMW-D1. Further analysis indicated that two haplotypes were formed at NAC-A18, and that NAC-A18_h1 was a favorable haplotype correlated with higher thousand grain weight. Based on limited population data, NAC-A18_h1 underwent positive selection during Chinese wheat breeding. Our study demonstrates that wheat NAC-A18 regulates starch and SSP accumulation and grain size. A molecular marker was developed for the favorable allele for breeding applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yunchuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Chenyang Hao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Tian Li
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Uzma Majeed
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Hongxia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Huifang Li
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jian Hou
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Xueyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
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11
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Li J, Zhang B, Duan P, Yan L, Yu H, Zhang L, Li N, Zheng L, Chai T, Xu R, Li Y. An endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation-related E2-E3 enzyme pair controls grain size and weight through the brassinosteroid signaling pathway in rice. THE PLANT CELL 2023; 35:1076-1091. [PMID: 36519262 PMCID: PMC10015164 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Grain size is an important agronomic trait, but our knowledge about grain size determination in crops is still limited. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation (ERAD) is a special ubiquitin proteasome system that is involved in degrading misfolded or incompletely folded proteins in the ER. Here, we report that SMALL GRAIN 3 (SMG3) and DECREASED GRAIN SIZE 1 (DGS1), an ERAD-related E2-E3 enzyme pair, regulate grain size and weight through the brassinosteroid (BR) signaling pathway in rice (Oryza sativa). SMG3 encodes a homolog of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) UBIQUITIN CONJUGATING ENZYME 32, which is a conserved ERAD-associated E2 ubiquitin conjugating enzyme. SMG3 interacts with another grain size regulator, DGS1. Loss of function of SMG3 or DGS1 results in small grains, while overexpression of SMG3 or DGS1 leads to long grains. Further analyses showed that DGS1 is an active E3 ubiquitin ligase and colocates with SMG3 in the ER. SMG3 and DGS1 are involved in BR signaling. DGS1 ubiquitinates the BR receptor BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE 1 (BRI1) and affects its accumulation. Genetic analysis suggests that SMG3, DGS1, and BRI1 act together to regulate grain size and weight. In summary, our findings identify an ERAD-related E2-E3 pair that regulates grain size and weight, which gives insight into the function of ERAD in grain size control and BR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Baolan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Penggen Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Li Yan
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Haiyue Yu
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Limin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Leiying Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Tuanyao Chai
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ran Xu
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
- College of Tropical Crops Hainan University, Hainan University, Haikou 570288, China
| | - Yunhai Li
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- The Innovative of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya 572025, China
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12
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Molecular bases of rice grain size and quality for optimized productivity. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2023; 68:314-350. [PMID: 36710151 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2023.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The accomplishment of further optimization of crop productivity in grain yield and quality is a great challenge. Grain size is one of the crucial determinants of rice yield and quality; all of these traits are typical quantitative traits controlled by multiple genes. Research advances have revealed several molecular and developmental pathways that govern these traits of agronomical importance. This review provides a comprehensive summary of these pathways, including those mediated by G-protein, the ubiquitin-proteasome system, mitogen-activated protein kinase, phytohormone, transcriptional regulators, and storage product biosynthesis and accumulation. We also generalize the excellent precedents for rice variety improvement of grain size and quality, which utilize newly developed gene editing and conventional gene pyramiding capabilities. In addition, we discuss the rational and accurate breeding strategies, with the aim of better applying molecular design to breed high-yield and superior-quality varieties.
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13
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Zeng Z, Zhao D, Wang C, Yan X, Song J, Chen P, Lan C, Singh RP. QTL cluster analysis and marker development for kernel traits based on DArT markers in spring bread wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1072233. [PMID: 36844075 PMCID: PMC9951491 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1072233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Genetic dissection of yield component traits including kernel characteristics is essential for the continuous improvement in wheat yield. In the present study, one recombinant inbred line (RIL) F6 population derived from a cross between Avocet and Chilero was used to evaluate the phenotypes of kernel traits of thousand-kernel weight (TKW), kernel length (KL), and kernel width (KW) in four environments at three experimental stations during the 2018-2020 wheat growing seasons. The high-density genetic linkage map was constructed with the diversity arrays technology (DArT) markers and the inclusive composite interval mapping (ICIM) method to identify the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for TKW, KL, and KW. A total of 48 QTLs for three traits were identified in the RIL population on the 21 chromosomes besides 2A, 4D, and 5B, accounting for 3.00%-33.85% of the phenotypic variances. Based on the physical positions of each QTL, nine stable QTL clusters were identified in the RILs, and among these QTL clusters, TaTKW-1A was tightly linked to the DArT marker interval 3950546-1213099, explaining 10.31%-33.85% of the phenotypic variances. A total of 347 high-confidence genes were identified in a 34.74-Mb physical interval. TraesCS1A02G045300 and TraesCS1A02G058400 were among the putative candidate genes associated with kernel traits, and they were expressed during grain development. Moreover, we also developed high-throughput kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) markers of TaTKW-1A, validated in a natural population of 114 wheat varieties. The study provides a basis for cloning the functional genes underlying the QTL for kernel traits and a practical and accurate marker for molecular breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhankui Zeng
- College of Agronomy, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
- The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Dehui Zhao
- College of Agronomy, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
- The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Chunping Wang
- College of Agronomy, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
- The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xuefang Yan
- College of Agronomy, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
- The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Junqiao Song
- College of Agronomy, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
- The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Peng Chen
- College of Agronomy, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
- The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Caixia Lan
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ravi P. Singh
- Global Wheat Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Mexico, Mexico
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14
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Developing Genetic Engineering Techniques for Control of Seed Size and Yield. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113256. [PMID: 36362043 PMCID: PMC9655546 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Many signaling pathways regulate seed size through the development of endosperm and maternal tissues, which ultimately results in a range of variations in seed size or weight. Seed size can be determined through the development of zygotic tissues (endosperm and embryo) and maternal ovules. In addition, in some species such as rice, seed size is largely determined by husk growth. Transcription regulator factors are responsible for enhancing cell growth in the maternal ovule, resulting in seed growth. Phytohormones induce significant effects on entire features of growth and development of plants and also regulate seed size. Moreover, the vegetative parts are the major source of nutrients, including the majority of carbon and nitrogen-containing molecules for the reproductive part to control seed size. There is a need to increase the size of seeds without affecting the number of seeds in plants through conventional breeding programs to improve grain yield. In the past decades, many important genetic factors affecting seed size and yield have been identified and studied. These important factors constitute dynamic regulatory networks governing the seed size in response to environmental stimuli. In this review, we summarized recent advances regarding the molecular factors regulating seed size in Arabidopsis and other crops, followed by discussions on strategies to comprehend crops' genetic and molecular aspects in balancing seed size and yield.
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15
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Wu X, Cai X, Zhang B, Wu S, Wang R, Li N, Li Y, Sun Y, Tang W. ERECTA regulates seed size independently of its intracellular domain via MAPK-DA1-UBP15 signaling. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:3773-3789. [PMID: 35848951 PMCID: PMC9516062 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Seed size is determined by the coordinated growth of the embryo, endosperm, and integument. Growth of the integument is initiated by signal molecules released from the developing endosperm or embryo. Although recent studies have identified many components that regulate seed size by controlling integument growth, the upstream signals and the signal transduction pathway that activate these components after double fertilization are unclear. Here, we report that the receptor-like kinase ERECTA (ER) controls seed size by regulating outer integument cell proliferation in Arabidopsis thaliana. Seeds from er mutants were smaller, while those from ER-overexpressing plants were larger, than those of control plants. Different from its role in regulating the development of other organs, ER regulates seed size via a novel mechanism that is independent of its intracellular domain. Our genetic and biochemical data show that a MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE (MAPK) signaling pathway comprising MAPK-KINASE 4/5, MAPK 3/6 (MPK3/6), DA1, and UBIQUITIN SPECIFIC PROTEASE 15 (UBP15) functions downstream of ER and modulates seed size. MPK3/6 phosphorylation inactivates and destabilizes DA1 to increase the abundance of UBP15, promoting outer integument cell proliferation and increasing seed size. Our study illustrates a nearly completed ER-mediated signaling pathway that regulates seed size and will help uncover the mechanism that coordinates embryo, endosperm, and integument growth after double fertilization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Baowen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Shuting Wu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Ruiju Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant, Institute of Genetics and Development Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yunhai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant, Institute of Genetics and Development Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Author for correspondence: (Y.S.), (W.T.)
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16
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Ye Y, Wang S, Ren Y, Yang H, Guo J, Jiang H, Zhu X, Li W, Tao L, Zhan Y, Wu Y, Fu X, Wu K, Liu B. Low grain weight, a new allele of BRITTLE CULM12, affects grain size through regulating GW7 expression in rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:997624. [PMID: 36176686 PMCID: PMC9513473 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.997624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Grain weight is a major determinant in rice yield, which is tightly associated with grain size. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms that control this trait remain unclear. Here, we report a rice (Oryza sativa) mutant, low grain weight (lgw), which shows that reduced grain length is caused by decreased cell elongation and proliferation. Map-based cloning revealed that all mutant phenotypes resulted from a nine-base pair (bp) deletion in LGW, which encodes the kinesin-like protein BRITTLE CULM12 (BC12). Protein sequence alignment analysis revealed that the mutation site was located at the nuclear localization signal (NLS) of LGW/BC12, resulting in the lgw protein not being located in the nucleus. LGW is preferentially expressed in both culms and roots, as well as in the early developing panicles. Overexpression of LGW increased the grain length, indicating that LGW is a positive regulator for regulating grain length. In addition, LGW/BC12 is directly bound to the promoter of GW7 and activates its expression. Elevating the GW7 expression levels in lgw plants rescued the small grain size phenotype. We conclude that LGW regulates grain development by directly binding to the GW7 promoter and activating its expression. Our findings revealed that LGW plays an important role in regulating grain size, and manipulation of this gene provides a new strategy for regulating grain weight in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafeng Ye
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Shuoxun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Ren
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Huijie Yang
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Junyao Guo
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Hongrui Jiang
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaotong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Wenhao Li
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Liangzhi Tao
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Yue Zhan
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Yuejin Wu
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Xiangdong Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Binmei Liu
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
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17
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Wu Y, Sun Z, Qi F, Tian M, Wang J, Zhao R, Wang X, Wu X, Shi X, Liu H, Dong W, Huang B, Zheng Z, Zhang X. Comparative transcriptomics analysis of developing peanut ( Arachis hypogaea L.) pods reveals candidate genes affecting peanut seed size. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:958808. [PMID: 36172561 PMCID: PMC9511224 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.958808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Pod size is one of the most important agronomic features of peanuts, which directly affects peanut yield. Studies on the regulation mechanism underpinning pod size in cultivated peanuts remain hitherto limited compared to model plant systems. To better understand the molecular elements that underpin peanut pod development, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of chronological transcriptomics during pod development in four peanut accessions with similar genetic backgrounds, but varying pod sizes. Several plant transcription factors, phytohormones, and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways were significantly enriched among differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at five consecutive developmental stages, revealing an eclectic range of candidate genes, including PNC, YUC, and IAA that regulate auxin synthesis and metabolism, CYCD and CYCU that regulate cell differentiation and proliferation, and GASA that regulates seed size and pod elongation via gibberellin pathway. It is plausible that MPK3 promotes integument cell division and regulates mitotic activity through phosphorylation, and the interactions between these genes form a network of molecular pathways that affect peanut pod size. Furthermore, two variant sites, GCP4 and RPPL1, were identified which are stable at the QTL interval for seed size attributes and function in plant cell tissue microtubule nucleation. These findings may facilitate the identification of candidate genes that regulate pod size and impart yield improvement in cultivated peanuts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Academy of Crop Molecular Breeding, State Industrial Innovation Center of Biological Breeding, Key Laboratory of Oil Crops in Huang-Huai-Hai Plains, Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Oil Crops Improvement, Innovation Base of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ziqi Sun
- Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Academy of Crop Molecular Breeding, State Industrial Innovation Center of Biological Breeding, Key Laboratory of Oil Crops in Huang-Huai-Hai Plains, Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Oil Crops Improvement, Innovation Base of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Feiyan Qi
- Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Academy of Crop Molecular Breeding, State Industrial Innovation Center of Biological Breeding, Key Laboratory of Oil Crops in Huang-Huai-Hai Plains, Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Oil Crops Improvement, Innovation Base of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Mengdi Tian
- Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Academy of Crop Molecular Breeding, State Industrial Innovation Center of Biological Breeding, Key Laboratory of Oil Crops in Huang-Huai-Hai Plains, Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Oil Crops Improvement, Innovation Base of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Academy of Crop Molecular Breeding, State Industrial Innovation Center of Biological Breeding, Key Laboratory of Oil Crops in Huang-Huai-Hai Plains, Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Oil Crops Improvement, Innovation Base of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ruifang Zhao
- Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Academy of Crop Molecular Breeding, State Industrial Innovation Center of Biological Breeding, Key Laboratory of Oil Crops in Huang-Huai-Hai Plains, Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Oil Crops Improvement, Innovation Base of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Academy of Crop Molecular Breeding, State Industrial Innovation Center of Biological Breeding, Key Laboratory of Oil Crops in Huang-Huai-Hai Plains, Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Oil Crops Improvement, Innovation Base of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaohui Wu
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xinlong Shi
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Hongfei Liu
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wenzhao Dong
- Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Academy of Crop Molecular Breeding, State Industrial Innovation Center of Biological Breeding, Key Laboratory of Oil Crops in Huang-Huai-Hai Plains, Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Oil Crops Improvement, Innovation Base of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Bingyan Huang
- Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Academy of Crop Molecular Breeding, State Industrial Innovation Center of Biological Breeding, Key Laboratory of Oil Crops in Huang-Huai-Hai Plains, Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Oil Crops Improvement, Innovation Base of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zheng Zheng
- Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Academy of Crop Molecular Breeding, State Industrial Innovation Center of Biological Breeding, Key Laboratory of Oil Crops in Huang-Huai-Hai Plains, Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Oil Crops Improvement, Innovation Base of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xinyou Zhang
- Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Academy of Crop Molecular Breeding, State Industrial Innovation Center of Biological Breeding, Key Laboratory of Oil Crops in Huang-Huai-Hai Plains, Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Oil Crops Improvement, Innovation Base of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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18
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Das AK, Hao L. Functional characterization of ZmbHLH121, a bHLH transcription factor, focusing on Zea mays kernel development. GENE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2022.101645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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19
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Lu Y, Chuan M, Wang H, Chen R, Tao T, Zhou Y, Xu Y, Li P, Yao Y, Xu C, Yang Z. Genetic and molecular factors in determining grain number per panicle of rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:964246. [PMID: 35991390 PMCID: PMC9386260 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.964246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
It was suggested that the most effective way to improve rice grain yield is to increase the grain number per panicle (GN) through the breeding practice in recent decades. GN is a representative quantitative trait affected by multiple genetic and environmental factors. Understanding the mechanisms controlling GN has become an important research field in rice biotechnology and breeding. The regulation of rice GN is coordinately controlled by panicle architecture and branch differentiation, and many GN-associated genes showed pleiotropic effect in regulating tillering, grain size, flowering time, and other domestication-related traits. It is also revealed that GN determination is closely related to vascular development and the metabolism of some phytohormones. In this review, we summarize the recent findings in rice GN determination and discuss the genetic and molecular mechanisms of GN regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Lu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Mingli Chuan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hanyao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Rujia Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tianyun Tao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Pengcheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Youli Yao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Chenwu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zefeng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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20
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Yin X, Qian W. Sword in the woods: How plant hosts defend against vascular pathogens. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 64:1465-1468. [PMID: 35766351 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This Commentary discusses two recent papers exploring how plants combat infection by vascular pathogens via modulating lignin production and via MAP kinase signaling cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institution of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Wei Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institution of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
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21
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Grain Size Associated Genes and the Molecular Regulatory Mechanism in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063169. [PMID: 35328589 PMCID: PMC8953112 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Grain size is a quantitative trait that is controlled by multiple genes. It is not only a yield trait, but also an important appearance quality of rice. In addition, grain size is easy to be selected in evolution, which is also a significant trait for studying rice evolution. In recent years, many quantitative trait loci (QTL)/genes for rice grain size were isolated by map-based cloning or genome-wide association studies, which revealed the genetic and molecular mechanism of grain size regulation in part. Here, we summarized the QTL/genes cloned for grain size and the regulation mechanism with a view to provide the theoretical basis for improving rice yield and breeding superior varieties.
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22
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Ji K, Song Q, Yu X, Tan C, Wang L, Chen L, Xiang X, Gong W, Yuan D. Hormone analysis and candidate genes identification associated with seed size in Camellia oleifera. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2022; 9:211138. [PMID: 35360359 PMCID: PMC8965419 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.211138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Camellia oleifera is an important woody oil species in China. Its seed oil has been widely used as a cooking oil. Seed size is a crucial factor influencing the yield of seed oil. In this study, the horizontal diameter, vertical diameter and volume of C. oleifera seeds showed a rapid growth tendency from 235 days after pollination (DAP) to 258 DAP but had a slight increase at seed maturity. During seed development, the expression of genes related to cell proliferation and expansion differ greatly. Auxin plays an important role in C. oleifera seeds; YUC4 and IAA17 were significantly downregulated. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis screened 21 hub transcription factors for C. oleifera seed horizontal diameter, vertical diameter and volume. Among them, SPL4 was significantly decreased and associated with all these three traits, while ABI4 and YAB1 were significantly increased and associated with horizontal diameter of C. oleifera seeds. Additionally, KLU significantly decreased (2040-fold). Collectively, our data advances the knowledge of factors related to seed size and provides a theoretical basis for improving the yield of C. oleifera seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Ji
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees of Ministry of Education and the Key Laboratory of Non-Wood Forest Products of Forestry Ministry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiling Song
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees of Ministry of Education and the Key Laboratory of Non-Wood Forest Products of Forestry Ministry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinran Yu
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees of Ministry of Education and the Key Laboratory of Non-Wood Forest Products of Forestry Ministry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanbo Tan
- Hunan Great Sanxiang Camellia Oil Co., Ltd, Hengyang, Hunan 421000, People's Republic of China
| | - Linkai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees of Ministry of Education and the Key Laboratory of Non-Wood Forest Products of Forestry Ministry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, People's Republic of China
| | - Le Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees of Ministry of Education and the Key Laboratory of Non-Wood Forest Products of Forestry Ministry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofeng Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees of Ministry of Education and the Key Laboratory of Non-Wood Forest Products of Forestry Ministry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenfang Gong
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees of Ministry of Education and the Key Laboratory of Non-Wood Forest Products of Forestry Ministry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, People's Republic of China
| | - Deyi Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees of Ministry of Education and the Key Laboratory of Non-Wood Forest Products of Forestry Ministry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, People's Republic of China
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23
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Sun T, Zhang Y. MAP kinase cascades in plant development and immune signaling. EMBO Rep 2022; 23:e53817. [PMID: 35041234 PMCID: PMC8811656 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202153817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are important signaling modules regulating diverse biological processes. During the past 20 years, much progress has been made on the functions of MAPK cascades in plants. This review summarizes the roles of MAPKs, known MAPK substrates, and our current understanding of MAPK cascades in plant development and innate immunity. In addition, recent findings on the molecular links connecting surface receptors to MAPK cascades and the mechanisms underlying MAPK signaling specificity are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongjun Sun
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhenChina
| | - Yuelin Zhang
- Department of BotanyUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
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24
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Yuan H, Gao P, Hu X, Yuan M, Xu Z, Jin M, Song W, Zhan S, Zhu X, Tu B, Li T, Wang Y, Ma B, Qin P, Chen W, Li S. Fine mapping and candidate gene analysis of qGSN5, a novel quantitative trait locus coordinating grain size and grain number in rice. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2022; 135:51-64. [PMID: 34689213 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-021-03951-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE: qGSN5, a novel quantitative trait locus coordinating grain size and grain number in rice, was fine-mapped to an 85.60-kb region. GS3 may be a suppressor of qGSN5. Grain size and grain number are two factors that directly determine rice grain yield; however, the underlying genetic mechanisms are complicated and remain largely unclear. In this study, a chromosome segment substitution line (CSSL), CSSL28, which showed increased grain size and decreased grain number per panicle, was identified in a set of CSSLs derived from a cross between 93-11 (recipient) and Nipponbare (donor). Four substitution segments were identified in CSSL28, and the substitution segment located on chromosome 5 was responsible for the phenotypes of CSSL28. Thus, we defined this quantitative trait locus (QTL) as grain size and grain number 5 (qGSN5). Cytological and quantitative PCR analysis showed that qGSN5 regulates the development of the spikelet hull by affecting cell proliferation. Genetic analysis showed that qGSN5 is a semi-dominant locus regulating grain size and grain number. Through map-based cloning and overlapping substitution segment analysis, qGSN5 was finally delimited to an 85.60-kb region. Based on sequence and quantitative PCR analysis, Os05g47510, which encodes a P-type pentatricopeptide repeat protein, is the most likely candidate gene for qGSN5. Pyramiding analysis showed that the effect of qGSN5 was significantly lower in the presence of a functional GS3 gene, indicating that GS3 may be a suppressor of qGSN5. In addition, we found that qGSN5 could improve the grain shape of hybrid rice. Together, our results lay the foundation for cloning a novel QTL coordinating grain size and grain number in rice and provide a good genetic material for long-grain hybrid rice breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoling Hu
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Min Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhengyan Xu
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Mengya Jin
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Wencheng Song
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Shijie Zhan
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaobo Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Bin Tu
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Ting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuping Wang
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Bingtian Ma
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Peng Qin
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Weilan Chen
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Shigui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
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25
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Liu Z, Mei E, Tian X, He M, Tang J, Xu M, Liu J, Song L, Li X, Wang Z, Guan Q, Xu Q, Bu Q. OsMKKK70 regulates grain size and leaf angle in rice through the OsMKK4-OsMAPK6-OsWRKY53 signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 63:2043-2057. [PMID: 34561955 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Grain size and leaf angle are key agronomic traits that determine final yields in rice. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not well understood. Here we demonstrate that the Oryza sativa Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase Kinase Kinase OsMKKK70 regulates grain size and leaf angle in rice. Overexpressing OsMKKK70 caused plants to produce longer seeds. The osmkkk62/70 double mutant and the osmkkk55/62/70 triple mutant displayed significantly smaller seeds and a more erect leaf angle compared to the wild type, indicating that OsMKKK70 functions redundantly with its homologs OsMKKK62 and OsMKKK55. Biochemical analysis demonstrated that OsMKKK70 is an active kinase and that OsMKKK70 interacts with OsMKK4 and promotes OsMAPK6 phosphorylation. In addition, the osmkkk62/70 double mutant showed reduced sensitivity to Brassinosteroids (BRs). Finally, overexpressing constitutively active OsMKK4, OsMAPK6, and OsWRKY53 can partially complement the smaller seed size, erect leaf, and BR hyposensitivity of the osmkkk62/70 double mutant. Taken together, these findings suggest that OsMKKK70 might regulate grain size and leaf angle in rice by activating OsMAPK6 and that OsMKKK70, OsMKK4, OsMAPK6, and OsWRKY53 function in a common signaling pathway that controls grain shape and leaf angle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, China
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Enyang Mei
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, CAS, Harbin, 150081, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaojie Tian
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, CAS, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Mingliang He
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, CAS, Harbin, 150081, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jiaqi Tang
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, CAS, Harbin, 150081, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Min Xu
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, CAS, Harbin, 150081, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jiali Liu
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, China
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Lu Song
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, CAS, Harbin, 150081, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiufeng Li
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, CAS, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, CAS, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Qingjie Guan
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, China
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Qijiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, China
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, 533000, China
| | - Qingyun Bu
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, CAS, Harbin, 150081, China
- The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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26
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Du Z, Huang Z, Li J, Bao J, Tu H, Zeng C, Wu Z, Fu H, Xu J, Zhou D, Zhu C, Fu J, He H. qTGW12a, a naturally varying QTL, regulates grain weight in rice. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2021; 134:2767-2776. [PMID: 34021769 PMCID: PMC8354980 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-021-03857-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE A stable QTL associated with rice grain type with a large effect value was found in multiple environments, and its candidate genes were verified by genetic transformation. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) grain size is critical to both yield and appearance quality. Therefore, the discovery and identification of rice grain size genes can provide pathways for the cultivation of high-yielding varieties. In the present work, 45,607 SNP markers were used to construct a high-density genetic map of rice recombinant inbred lines, and hence a total of 14 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were detected based on the phenotypic data of grain weight, grain length and grain width under four different environments. qTGW12a and qGL12 are newly detected QTLs related to grain weight, and are located between 22.43 Mb and 22.45 Mb on chromosome 12. Gene annotation shows that the QTL region contains the LOC_Os12g36660 annotated gene, which encodes the multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE) transporter. Mutations in exons and the splice site were responsible for the changes in grain type and weight. Gene knockout experiments were used to verify these results. Hence, these results provide a basis for the cloning of qTGW12a. This discovery provides new insights for studying the genetic mechanism of rice grain morphology, and reveals a promising gene to ultimately increase rice yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixuan Du
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Research Center of Super Rice Engineering and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Zhou Huang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Research Center of Super Rice Engineering and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Jianbin Li
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Research Center of Super Rice Engineering and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Jianzhong Bao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Research Center of Super Rice Engineering and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Hang Tu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Research Center of Super Rice Engineering and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Chuihai Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Research Center of Super Rice Engineering and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Zheng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Research Center of Super Rice Engineering and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Haihui Fu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Research Center of Super Rice Engineering and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Research Center of Super Rice Engineering and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Dahu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Research Center of Super Rice Engineering and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Changlan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Research Center of Super Rice Engineering and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Junru Fu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Research Center of Super Rice Engineering and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi Province, China.
| | - Haohua He
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Research Center of Super Rice Engineering and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi Province, China.
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27
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Tian X, He M, Mei E, Zhang B, Tang J, Xu M, Liu J, Li X, Wang Z, Tang W, Guan Q, Bu Q. WRKY53 integrates classic brassinosteroid signaling and the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway to regulate rice architecture and seed size. THE PLANT CELL 2021; 33:2753-2775. [PMID: 34003966 PMCID: PMC8408444 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koab137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In rice (Oryza sativa) and other plants, plant architecture and seed size are closely related to yield. Brassinosteroid (BR) signaling and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway (MAPK kinase kinase 10 [MAPKKK10]-MAPK kinase 4 [MAPKK4]-MAPK6) are two major regulatory pathways that control rice architecture and seed size. However, their possible relationship and crosstalk remain elusive. Here, we show that WRKY53 mediated the crosstalk between BR signaling and the MAPK pathway. Biochemical and genetic assays demonstrated that glycogen synthase kinase-2 (GSK2) phosphorylates WRKY53 and lowers its stability, indicating that WRKY53 is a substrate of GSK2 in BR signaling. WRKY53 interacted with BRASSINAZOLE-RESISTANT 1(BZR1); they function synergistically to regulate BR-related developmental processes. We also provide genetic evidence showing that WRKY53 functions in a common pathway with the MAPKKK10-MAPKK4-MAPK6 cascade in leaf angle and seed size control, suggesting that WRKY53 is a direct substrate of this pathway. Moreover, GSK2 phosphorylated MAPKK4 to suppress MAPK6 activity, suggesting that GSK2-mediated BR signaling might also regulated MAPK pathway. Together, our results revealed a critical role for WRKY53 and uncovered sophisticated levels of interplay between BR signaling and the MAPK pathway in regulating rice architecture and seed size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Tian
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Mingliang He
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Enyang Mei
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Baowen Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Jiaqi Tang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Min Xu
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiali Liu
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xiufeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Wenqiang Tang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Qingjie Guan
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Qingyun Bu
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
- The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Hao J, Wang D, Wu Y, Huang K, Duan P, Li N, Xu R, Zeng D, Dong G, Zhang B, Zhang L, Inzé D, Qian Q, Li Y. The GW2-WG1-OsbZIP47 pathway controls grain size and weight in rice. MOLECULAR PLANT 2021; 14:1266-1280. [PMID: 33930509 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2021.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Regulation of seed size is a key strategy for improving crop yield and is also a basic biological question. However, the molecular mechanisms by which plants determine their seed size remain elusive. Here, we report that the GW2-WG1-OsbZIP47 regulatory module controls grain width and weight in rice. WG1, which encodes a glutaredoxin protein, promotes grain growth by increasing cell proliferation. Interestingly, WG1 interacts with the transcription factor OsbZIP47 and represses its transcriptional activity by associating with the transcriptional co-repressor ASP1, indicating that WG1 may act as an adaptor protein to recruit the transcriptional co-repressor. In contrary, OsbZIP47 restricts grain growth by decreasing cell proliferation. Further studies reveal that the E3 ubiquitin ligase GW2 ubiquitinates WG1 and targets it for degradation. Genetic analyses confirm that GW2, WG1, and OsbZIP47 function in a common pathway to control grain growth. Taken together, our findings reveal a genetic and molecular framework for the control of grain size and weight by the GW2-WG1-OsbZIP47 regulatory module, providing new targets for improving seed size and weight in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqin Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Dekai Wang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yingbao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Ke Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Penggen Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Ran Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Dali Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Guojun Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Baolan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Limin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Dirk Inzé
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Qian Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Yunhai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China.
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29
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Huang L, Hua K, Xu R, Zeng D, Wang R, Dong G, Zhang G, Lu X, Fang N, Wang D, Duan P, Zhang B, Liu Z, Li N, Luo Y, Qian Q, Yao S, Li Y. The LARGE2-APO1/APO2 regulatory module controls panicle size and grain number in rice. THE PLANT CELL 2021; 33:1212-1228. [PMID: 33693937 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koab041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Panicle size and grain number are important agronomic traits and influence grain yield in rice (Oryza sativa), but the molecular and genetic mechanisms underlying panicle size and grain number control remain largely unknown in crops. Here we report that LARGE2 encodes a HECT-domain E3 ubiquitin ligase OsUPL2 and regulates panicle size and grain number in rice. The loss of function large2 mutants produce large panicles with increased grain number, wide grains and leaves, and thick culms. LARGE2 regulates panicle size and grain number by repressing meristematic activity. LARGE2 is highly expressed in young panicles and grains. Biochemical analyses show that LARGE2 physically associates with ABERRANT PANICLE ORGANIZATION1 (APO1) and APO2, two positive regulators of panicle size and grain number, and modulates their stabilities. Genetic analyses support that LARGE2 functions with APO1 and APO2 in a common pathway to regulate panicle size and grain number. These findings reveal a novel genetic and molecular mechanism of the LARGE2-APO1/APO2 module-mediated control of panicle size and grain number in rice, suggesting that this module is a promising target for improving panicle size and grain number in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luojiang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Science, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Kai Hua
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, National Centre for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Ran Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Science, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Dali Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Ruci Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, National Centre for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Guojun Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Guozheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Science, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Xueli Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Na Fang
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Dekai Wang
- Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Penggen Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Science, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Baolan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Science, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zupei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Science, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Science, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yuehua Luo
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Qian Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Shanguo Yao
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, National Centre for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yunhai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Science, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
- The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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30
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Huang Y, Bai X, Cheng N, Xiao J, Li X, Xing Y. Wide Grain 7 increases grain width by enhancing H3K4me3 enrichment in the OsMADS1 promoter in rice (Oryza sativa L.). THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 102:517-528. [PMID: 31830332 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Grain size is a major determinant of grain weight, a key component of grain yield of rice. Here, we identified the grain size gene WIDE GRAIN 7 (WG7) from a T-DNA insertion mutant. The grain size of WG7 knockout mutants and WG7 overexpression lines indicated that WG7 is a positive regulator of grain size. WG7 encodes a cysteine-tryptophan (CW) domain-containing transcriptional activator. EMSAs and ChIP-qPCR assay confirmed that WG7 directly bound to the promoter of OsMADS1, a grain size gene, and thereby significantly activated its expression. Point mutations showed that the cis-element CATTTC motif in the promoter was the binding site of WG7. Compared with the wild-type, deletion mutants of the cis-element motif exhibited lower expression of OsMADS1 and produced narrower grains, implicating the requirement of this motif for WG7 function. ChIP-qPCR assays showed that WG7 enhanced histone H3K4me3 enrichment in the promoter of OsMADS1. WG7 underwent directional selection due to the poor fertility of the non-functional mutant. These findings demonstrated that WG7 upregulated OsMADS1 expression by directly binding to its promoter, enhanced histone H3K4me3 enrichment in the promoter and ultimately increased grain width. This study will enrich the knowledge concerning the regulatory network of grain size formation in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xufeng Bai
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Niannian Cheng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jinghua Xiao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xianghua Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yongzhong Xing
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434100, China
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31
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Tang Y, Wang J, Bao X, Wu Q, Yang T, Li H, Wang W, Zhang Y, Bai N, Guan Y, Dai J, Xie Y, Li S, Huo R, Cheng W. Genome-wide analysis of Jatropha curcas MADS-box gene family and functional characterization of the JcMADS40 gene in transgenic rice. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:325. [PMID: 32345214 PMCID: PMC7187513 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-6741-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physic nut (Jatropha curcas), an inedible oilseed plant, is among the most promising alternative energy sources because of its high oil content, rapid growth and extensive adaptability. Proteins encoded by MADS-box family genes are important transcription factors participated in regulating plant growth, seed development and responses to abiotic stress. However, there has been no in-depth research on the MADS-box genes and their roles in physic nut. Results In our study, 63 MADS-box genes (JcMADSs) were identified in the physic nut genome, and classed into five groups (MIKCC, Mα, Mβ, Mγ, MIKC*) according to phylogenetic comparison with Arabidopsis homologs. Expression profile analysis based on RNA-seq suggested that many JcMADS genes had the strongest expression in seeds, and seven of them responded in leaves to at least one abiotic stressor (drought and/or salinity) at one or more time points. Transient expression analysis and a transactivation assay indicated that JcMADS40 is a nucleus-localized transcriptional activator. Plants overexpressing JcMADS40 did not show altered plant growth, but the overexpressing plants did exhibit reductions in grain size, grain length, grain width, 1000-seed weight and yield per plant. Further data on the reduced grain size in JcMADS40-overexpressing plants supported the putative role of JcMADS genes in seed development. Conclusions This study will be useful in order to further understand the process of MADS-box genes involved in regulating growth and development in addition to their functions in abiotic stress resistance, and will eventually provide a theoretical basis for the functional investigation and the exploitation of candidate genes for the molecular improvement of physic nut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehui Tang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Henan, Zhoukou, China. .,Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding and Bioreactor, Henan, Zhoukou, China.
| | - Jian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Henan, Zhoukou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding and Bioreactor, Henan, Zhoukou, China
| | - Xinxin Bao
- School of Journalism and Communication, Zhoukou Normal University, Henan, Zhoukou, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Henan, Zhoukou, China
| | - Tongwen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Henan, Zhoukou, China
| | - Han Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Henan, Zhoukou, China
| | - Wenxia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Henan, Zhoukou, China
| | - Yizhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Henan, Zhoukou, China
| | - Nannan Bai
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Henan, Zhoukou, China
| | - Yaxin Guan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Henan, Zhoukou, China
| | - Jiaxi Dai
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Henan, Zhoukou, China
| | - Yanjie Xie
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Henan, Zhoukou, China
| | - Shen Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Henan, Zhoukou, China
| | - Rui Huo
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Henan, Zhoukou, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Henan, Zhoukou, China
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Ponce K, Zhang Y, Guo L, Leng Y, Ye G. Genome-Wide Association Study of Grain Size Traits in Indica Rice Multiparent Advanced Generation Intercross (MAGIC) Population. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:395. [PMID: 32391027 PMCID: PMC7193545 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Rice grain size plays a crucial role in determining grain quality and yield. In this study, two multiparent advanced generation intercross (MAGIC) populations, DC1 and BIM, were evaluated for grain size across three environments and genotyped with 55K array-based SNP detection and genotype-by-sequencing (GBS), respectively, to identify QTLs and SNPs associated with grain length, grain width, grain length-width ratio, grain thickness, and thousand grain weight. A total of 18 QTLs were identified for the five grain size-related traits and explained 6.43-63.35% of the total phenotypic variance. Twelve of these QTLs colocalized with the cloned genes, GS3, GW5/qSW5, GW7/GL7/SLG7, and GW8/OsSPL16, of which the first two genes showed the strongest effect for grain length and grain width, respectively. Four potential new genes were also identified from the QTLs, which exhibited both genetic background independency and environment stability and could be validated in future studies. Moreover, the significant SNP markers identified are valuable for direct utilization in marker-assisted breeding to improve rice grain size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly Ponce
- CAAS-IRRI Joint Laboratory for Genomics-assisted Germplasm Enhancement, Agricultural Genomics Institute in Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- State Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- CAAS-IRRI Joint Laboratory for Genomics-assisted Germplasm Enhancement, Agricultural Genomics Institute in Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- State Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Longbiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yujia Leng
- CAAS-IRRI Joint Laboratory for Genomics-assisted Germplasm Enhancement, Agricultural Genomics Institute in Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guoyou Ye
- CAAS-IRRI Joint Laboratory for Genomics-assisted Germplasm Enhancement, Agricultural Genomics Institute in Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Strategic Innovation Platform, International Rice Research Institute, Metro Manila, Philippines
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Fang C, Yang L, Chen W, Li L, Zhang P, Li Y, He H, Lin W. MYB57 transcriptionally regulates MAPK11 to interact with PAL2;3 and modulate rice allelopathy. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:2127-2141. [PMID: 31811717 PMCID: PMC7242072 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Rice allelopathy is a natural method of weed control that is regarded as an eco-friendly practice in agroecology. The allelopathic potential of rice is regulated by various genes, including those that encode transcription factors. Our study characterized a MYB transcription factor, OsMYB57, to explore its role in the regulation of rice allelopathy. Increasing the expression of OsMYB57 in rice using the transcription activator VP64 resulted in increased inhibitory ratios against barnyardgrass. The gene expression levels of OsPAL, OsC4H, OsOMT, and OsCAD from the phenylpropanoid pathway were also up-regulated, and the content of l-phenylalanine increased. Chromatin immunoprecipitation incorporated with HiSeq demonstrated that OsMYB57 transcriptionally regulated a mitogen-activated protein kinase (OsMAPK11); in addition, OsMAPK11 interacted with OsPAL2;3. The expression of OsPAL2;3was higher in the allelopathic rice PI312777 than in the non-allelopathic rice Lemont, and OsPAL2;3 was negatively regulated by Whirly transcription factors. Moreover, microbes with weed-suppression potential, including Penicillium spp. and Bacillus spp., were assembled in the rhizosphere of the rice accession Kitaake with increased expression of OsMYB57, and were responsible for phenolic acid induction. Our findings suggest that OsMYB57 positively regulates rice allelopathy, providing an option for the improvement of rice allelopathic traits through genetic modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changxun Fang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Luke Yang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Weisi Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lanlan Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Pengli Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yingzhe Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Haibin He
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wenxiong Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
- Correspondence: ,
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OsINV3 and Its Homolog, OsINV2, Control Grain Size in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062199. [PMID: 32209971 PMCID: PMC7139340 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Vacuolar invertase is involved in sugar metabolism and plays a crucial role in plant growth and development, thus regulating seed size. However, information linking vacuolar invertase and seed size in rice is limited. Here we characterized a small grain mutant sg2 (grain size on chromosome 2) that showed a reduced in grain size and 1000-grain weight compared to the wild type. Map-based cloning and genetic complementation showed that OsINV3 is responsible for the observed phenotype. Loss-of-function of OsINV3 resulted in grains of smaller size when compared to the wild type, while overexpression showed increased grain size. We also obtained a T-DNA insertion mutant of OsINV2, which is a homolog of OsINV3 and generated double knockout (KO) mutants of OsINV2 and OsINV3 using CRISPR/Cas9. Genetic data showed that OsINV2, that has no effect on grain size by itself, reduces grain length and width in the absence of OsINV3. Altered sugar content with increased sucrose and decreased hexose levels, as well as changes vacuolar invertase activities and starch constitution in INV3KO, INV2KO, INV3KOINV2KO mutants indicate that OsINV2 and OsINV3 affect sucrose metabolism in sink organs. In summary, we identified OsINV3 as a positive regulator of grain size in rice, and while OsINV2 has no function on grain size by itself. In the absence of OsINV3, it is possible to detect a role of OsINV2 in the regulation of grain size. Both OsINV3 and OsINV2 are involved in sucrose metabolism, and thus regulate grain size. Our findings increase our understanding of the role of OsINV3 and its homolog, OsINV2, in grain size development and also suggest a potential strategy to improve grain yield in rice.
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35
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Chun Y, Fang J, Zafar SA, Shang J, Zhao J, Yuan S, Li X. MINI SEED 2 (MIS2) Encodes a Receptor-like Kinase that Controls Grain Size and Shape in Rice. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 13:7. [PMID: 32006119 PMCID: PMC6994593 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-020-0368-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Grain size is a key agronomic trait that is directly associated with grain yield in rice. Although several genes related to grain size in rice have been identified, our understanding of the mechanism of grain development is still limited. RESULTS In this study, we reported the characterization of a novel seed size mutant mini seed 2 (mis2), in which the grain showed reduced length, width and thickness along with wrinkled surface. Microscopic analysis revealed that the spikelet epidermal cell size was reduced but the cell number was increased in the mis2 mutant, suggesting that MIS2 controls grain size by coordinately regulating epidermal cell size and cell number. Map-based cloning revealed that MIS2 encodes a receptor-like kinase CRINKLY4 (CR4) which showed the highest expression in developing panicles. The MIS2 protein is localized primarily on the plasma membrane along with the endosome. However, the Arg258Gln mutation located in extracellular domain in the mis2 mutant disturbed its subcellular localization. Additionally, three major haplotypes of MIS2 were identified in the japonica, indica and aus rice cultivars. The 18-bp InDel (insertion and deletion) in the 5'-UTR (untranslated region) caused different expression level of MIS2 in haplotypes. CONCLUSIONS We reported a key role of OsCR4 in controlling grain size and shape by coordinately regulating epidermal cell size and cell number. The Arg258 in the extracellular seven-repeat domain is essential for the correct subcellular behavior and function of the OsCR4 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chun
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Jingjing Fang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Syed Adeel Zafar
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Jiangyuan Shang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Jinfeng Zhao
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
| | | | - Xueyong Li
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
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Wang T, Zou T, He Z, Yuan G, Luo T, Zhu J, Liang Y, Deng Q, Wang S, Zheng A, Liu H, Wang L, Li P, Li S. GRAIN LENGTH AND AWN 1 negatively regulates grain size in rice. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 61:1036-1042. [PMID: 30414306 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Grain size is an important factor determining yield in rice. Here, we identified a recessive mutant gene, grain length and awn 1 (gla1), which caused a significant increase in grain length and weight, and was associated with long awns. The gla1 mutation was mapped to a single-nucleotide polymorphism in a gene encoding a cytoplasmically-localized mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphatase. Overexpression of GLA1 caused a decrease in grain length, and the GLA1 protein interacted with OsMAPK6. These results suggest that GLA1 may serve as a negative regulator of the OsMAPKK4-OsMAPK6 cascade, controlling grain size via the dephosphorylation of OsMAPK6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang 611130, China
| | - Ting Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Zhiyuan He
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang 611130, China
| | - Guoqiang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang 611130, China
| | - Tao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang 611130, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang 611130, China
| | - Yueyang Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang 611130, China
| | - Qiming Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang 611130, China
| | - Shiquan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang 611130, China
| | - Aiping Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang 611130, China
| | - Huainian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang 611130, China
| | - Lingxia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang 611130, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang 611130, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Shuangcheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang 611130, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha 410125, China
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37
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Li X, Shi S, Tao Q, Tao Y, Miao J, Peng X, Li C, Yang Z, Zhou Y, Liang G. OsGASR9 positively regulates grain size and yield in rice (Oryza sativa). PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 286:17-27. [PMID: 31300138 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The plant-specific gibberellic acid (GA)-stimulated transcript gene family is critical for plant growth and development. There are 10 family members in rice (Oryza sativa), known as OsGASRs. However, few have been functionally characterized. Here, we investigated the function of OsGASR9 in rice. OsGASR9 transcripts were detected in various tissues, with the lowest and highest levels in leaves and panicles, respectively. Greater mRNA levels accumulated in young, compared with in old, panicles and spikelets. OsGASR9 localized to the plasma membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus. Transgenic RNA interference-derived lines in the Zhonghua 11 background exhibited reduced plant height, grain size and yield compared with the wild-type. The two osgasr9 mutants in the Nipponbare background showed similar phenotypes. Conversely, the overexpression of OsGASR9 in the two backgrounds increased plant height and grain size. A significantly increased grain yield per plant was also observed in the overexpression lines having a Nipponbare background. Furthermore, by measuring the GA-induced lengths of the second leaf sheaths and α-amylase activity levels of seeds, we concluded that OsGASR9 is a positive regulator of responses to GA in rice. Thus, OsGASR9 may regulate plant height, grain size and yield through the GA pathway and could have an application value in breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangbo Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Shuangyue Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Quandan Tao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yajun Tao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jun Miao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xiuron Peng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Chang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zefeng Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Guohua Liang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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Hong Y, Liu Q, Cao Y, Zhang Y, Chen D, Lou X, Cheng S, Cao L. The OsMPK15 Negatively Regulates Magnaporthe oryza and Xoo Disease Resistance via SA and JA Signaling Pathway in Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:752. [PMID: 31293603 PMCID: PMC6598650 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades play central roles in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the mechanisms by which various MAPK members regulate the plant immune response in rice remain elusive. In this article, to characterize the mechanisms, the knock-out and overexpression mutants of OsMPK15 were constructed and the disease resistance was investigated under the various fungal and bacterial inoculations. The knock-out mutant of OsMPK15 resulted in the constitutive expression of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes, increased accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) triggered by the pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) elicitor chitin, and significantly enhanced the disease resistance to different races of Magnaporthe oryzae and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), which cause the rice blast and bacterial blight diseases, respectively. On contrary, the expression of PR genes and ROS were down-regulated in the OsMPK15-overexpressing (OsMPK15-OE) lines. Meanwhile, phytohormones such as salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) were accumulated in the mpk15 mutant lines but decreased in the OsMPK15-OE lines. The expression of SA- and JA-pathway associated genes were significantly upregulated in the mpk15 mutant, whereas it was down regulated in the OsMPK15-OE lines. We conclude that OsMPK15 may negatively regulate the disease resistance through modulating SA- and JA-mediated signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongbo Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Super Rice Research, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qunen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Super Rice Research, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongrun Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Super Rice Research, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Super Rice Research, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Daibo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Super Rice Research, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiangyang Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Super Rice Research, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shihua Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Super Rice Research, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liyong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Super Rice Research, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
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Xu R, Li N, Li Y. Control of grain size by G protein signaling in rice. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 61:533-540. [PMID: 30597738 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Heterotrimeric G proteins are involved in multiple cellular processes in eukaryotes by sensing and transducing various signals. G protein signaling in plants is quite different from that in animals, and the mechanisms of plant G protein signaling are still largely unknown. Several recent studies have provided new insights into the mechanisms of G protein signaling in rice grain size and yield control. In this review, we summarize recent advances on the function of G proteins in rice grain size control and discuss the potential genetic and molecular mechanisms of plant G protein signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yunhai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- The University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
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40
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Abstract
The size of seeds affects not only evolutionary fitness but also grain yield of crops. Understanding the mechanisms controlling seed size has become an important research field in plant science. Seed size is determined by the integrated signals of maternal and zygotic tissues, which control the coordinated growth of the embryo, endosperm, and seed coat. Recent advances have identified several signaling pathways that control seed size through maternal tissues, including or involving the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, G-protein signaling, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, phytohormone perception and homeostasis, and some transcriptional regulators. Meanwhile, growth of the zygotic tissues is regulated in part by the HAIKU (IKU) pathway and phytohormones. This review provides a general overview of current findings in seed size control and discusses the emerging molecular mechanisms and regulatory networks found to be involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering and Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
| | - Ran Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering and Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
| | - Yunhai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering and Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
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41
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Brinton J, Uauy C. A reductionist approach to dissecting grain weight and yield in wheat. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 61:337-358. [PMID: 30421518 PMCID: PMC6492019 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Grain yield is a highly polygenic trait that is influenced by the environment and integrates events throughout the life cycle of a plant. In wheat, the major grain yield components often present compensatory effects among them, which alongside the polyploid nature of wheat, makes their genetic and physiological study challenging. We propose a reductionist and systematic approach as an initial step to understand the gene networks regulating each individual yield component. Here, we focus on grain weight and discuss the importance of examining individual sub-components, not only to help in their genetic dissection, but also to inform our mechanistic understanding of how they interrelate. This knowledge should allow the development of novel combinations, across homoeologs and between complementary modes of action, thereby advancing towards a more integrated strategy for yield improvement. We argue that this will break barriers in terms of phenotypic variation, enhance our understanding of the physiology of yield, and potentially deliver improved on-farm yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jemima Brinton
- John Innes CentreNorwich Research ParkNorwich NR4 7UHUnited Kingdom
| | - Cristobal Uauy
- John Innes CentreNorwich Research ParkNorwich NR4 7UHUnited Kingdom
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Zhang X, Qin P, Peng Y, Ma B, Hu J, Fan S, Hu B, Zhang G, Yuan H, Yan W, Chen W, Tu B, He H, Ma B, Wang Y, Li S. A single nucleotide substitution at 5'-UTR of GSN1 represses its translation and leads to an increase of grain length in rice. J Genet Genomics 2019; 46:105-108. [PMID: 30827753 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zhang
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, China
| | - Peng Qin
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, China; State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, China
| | - Youlin Peng
- Rice Research Institute, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Bo Ma
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, China
| | - Jiangbo Hu
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, China
| | - Shijun Fan
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, China
| | - Binhua Hu
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, China
| | - Guohua Zhang
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, China
| | - Hua Yuan
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, China
| | - Wei Yan
- College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Weilan Chen
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, China
| | - Bin Tu
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, China; State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, China
| | - Hang He
- College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Bingtian Ma
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, China; State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, China
| | - Yuping Wang
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, China; State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, China
| | - Shigui Li
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, China; State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, China.
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43
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Fernie AR. Extending the cascade: identification of a mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase playing a key role in rice yield. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 95:935-936. [PMID: 30187613 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
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