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De Zanetti L, Van Der Straeten D. 'From metabolism to metabolism': holistic considerations on B-vitamin interactions, biofortification, and deficiencies. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2024; 87:103132. [PMID: 38669731 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
In the post-Green Revolution era, disparities in dietary access, rising obesity rates, demographic shifts, adoption of plant-based diets, and the impact of climate change collectively contribute to a progressive decline in dietary nutritional value, exacerbating B vitamin deficiencies across both low- and high-income countries. While the prevailing focus of biofortification has been on three micronutrients - provitamin A, iron, and zinc - utilizing conventional breeding, it is imperative to diversify biofortification strategies to combat micronutrient malnutrition. Metabolic engineering, facilitated by biotechnological tools, presents a promising avenue, contingent upon advances in fundamental knowledge, technological innovation, regulatory updates, and sustained public funding. Recognizing the intricate metabolic interplay of B vitamins in plants and humans, a comprehensive 'from metabolism to metabolism' approach is crucial for designing effective biofortification strategies that target multiple vitamins. This holistic perspective also extends beyond individual crops to encompass the entire food chain, a complex socioeconomic ecosystem that necessitates a paradigm shift, prioritizing quality over quantity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa De Zanetti
- Laboratory of Functional Plant Biology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dominique Van Der Straeten
- Laboratory of Functional Plant Biology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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Simsek M, Whitney K. Examination of Primary and Secondary Metabolites Associated with a Plant-Based Diet and Their Impact on Human Health. Foods 2024; 13:1020. [PMID: 38611326 PMCID: PMC11011468 DOI: 10.3390/foods13071020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The consumption of plant-based diets has become a burgeoning trend, and they are increasingly consumed globally owing to their substantial energy intensity and dietetic advantages. Plants possess numerous bioactive components that have been recognized to exhibit manifold health-promoting assets. Comprehension of the synthesis of these primary and secondary metabolites by plants and their method of action against several chronic illnesses is a significant requirement for understanding their benefits to human health and disease prevention. Furthermore, the association of biologically active complexes with plants, humans, disease, medicine, and the underlying mechanisms is unexplored. Therefore, this review portrays various bioactive components derived from plant sources associated with health-promoting traits and their action mechanisms. This review paper predominantly assembles proposed plant-derived bioactive compounds, postulating valuable evidence aimed at perceiving forthcoming approaches, including the selection of potent bioactive components for formulating functional diets that are effective against several human disorders. This meticulous evidence could perhaps provide the basis for the advanced preemptive and therapeutic potential promoting human health. Hence, delivery opens possibilities for purchasers to approach the lucrative practice of plants as a remedy, produce novel products, and access new marketplaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miray Simsek
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Kristin Whitney
- Department of Food Science and Whistler Center for Carbohydrate Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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3
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Kuntz M, Dimnet L, Pullara S, Moyet L, Rolland N. The Main Functions of Plastids. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2776:89-106. [PMID: 38502499 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3726-5_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Plastids are semi-autonomous organelles like mitochondria and derive from a cyanobacterial ancestor that was engulfed by a host cell. During evolution, they have recruited proteins originating from the nuclear genome, and only parts of their ancestral metabolic properties were conserved and optimized to limit functional redundancy with other cell compartments. Furthermore, large disparities in metabolic functions exist among various types of plastids, and the characterization of their various metabolic properties is far from being accomplished. In this review, we provide an overview of the main functions, known to be achieved by plastids or shared by plastids and other compartments of the cell. In short, plastids appear at the heart of all main plant functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Kuntz
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, CNRS, CEA, INRAE, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, IRIG, CEA Grenoble, Grenoble, France.
| | - Laura Dimnet
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, CNRS, CEA, INRAE, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, IRIG, CEA Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Sara Pullara
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, CNRS, CEA, INRAE, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, IRIG, CEA Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Lucas Moyet
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, CNRS, CEA, INRAE, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, IRIG, CEA Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Norbert Rolland
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, CNRS, CEA, INRAE, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, IRIG, CEA Grenoble, Grenoble, France
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Kawada Y, Hayashi E, Katsuragi Y, Imamura-Jinda A, Hirokawa T, Mizukami T, Hayashi M. Identification of Chemicals That Abrogate Folate-Dependent Inhibition of Starch Accumulation in Non-Photosynthetic Plastids of Arabidopsis. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 64:1551-1562. [PMID: 37801291 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcad116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Folate, also known as vitamin B9, is an essential cofactor for a variety of enzymes and plays a crucial role in many biological processes. We previously reported that plastidial folate prevents starch biosynthesis triggered by the influx of sugar into non-starch-accumulating plastids, such as etioplasts, and chloroplasts under darkness; hence the loss of plastidial folate induces the accumulation of starch in plastids. To understand the molecular mechanism underlying this phenomenon, we screened our in-house chemical library and searched their derivatives to identify chemicals capable of inducing starch accumulation in etioplasts. The results revealed four chemicals, compounds #120 and #375 and their derivatives, compounds #120d and #375d, respectively. The derivative compounds induced starch accumulation in etioplasts and suppressed hypocotyl elongation in dark-grown Arabidopsis seedlings. They also inhibited the post-germinative growth of seedlings under illumination. All four chemicals contained the sulfonamide group as a consensus structure. The sulfonamide group is also found in sulfa drugs, which exhibit antifolate activity, and in sulfonylurea herbicides. Further analyses revealed that compound #375d induces starch accumulation by inhibiting folate biosynthesis. By contrast, compound #120d neither inhibited folate biosynthesis nor exhibited the herbicide activity. Protein and metabolite analyses suggest that compound #120d abrogates folate-dependent inhibition of starch accumulation in etioplasts by enhancing starch biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Kawada
- Department of Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bioscience and Technology, 1266 Tamura, Nagahama, Shiga, 526-0829 Japan
| | - Eriko Hayashi
- Department of Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bioscience and Technology, 1266 Tamura, Nagahama, Shiga, 526-0829 Japan
| | - Yuya Katsuragi
- Department of Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bioscience and Technology, 1266 Tamura, Nagahama, Shiga, 526-0829 Japan
| | - Aya Imamura-Jinda
- Department of Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bioscience and Technology, 1266 Tamura, Nagahama, Shiga, 526-0829 Japan
| | - Takatsugu Hirokawa
- Transborder Medical Research Center, Tsukuba University, 1-1-1 Tenmondai, Tsukuba, Ibaragi, 305-8577 Japan
| | - Tamio Mizukami
- Department of Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bioscience and Technology, 1266 Tamura, Nagahama, Shiga, 526-0829 Japan
- Frontier Pharma, 1281-8 Tamura, Nagahama, Shiga, 526-0829 Japan
| | - Makoto Hayashi
- Department of Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bioscience and Technology, 1266 Tamura, Nagahama, Shiga, 526-0829 Japan
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Liu L, Wang X, Lyu X, Ma R, Li Y, Zhang T, Liu Y, Sun C, Li Y. Label-free detection of vitamin B by two-step enhanced Raman technique using dynamic borohydride-reduced silver nanoparticles. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 190:480. [PMID: 37996711 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-06055-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
A creatively designed novel two-step enhancement technique is presented in which B vitamin molecules are dynamically adsorbed onto the surface of silver nanoparticles by sodium borohydride, followed by local plasmon resonance in the presence of cations (calcium ions), ultimately achieving synergistic chemical and physical enhancement on the same molecule and constructing a "surface hot spots" two-step enhancement platform for vitamin detection. The Raman signal of the promoted vitamin molecule is enhanced by nine orders of magnitude. In a subsequent study it was observed that the vitamin B2 molecules were in a near-vertical image on the surface of the silver nanoparticles, which may also contribute to the Raman signal enhancement. Combined with deep learning techniques, the method has been successfully applied to the detection of B vitamins in body fluids. As an accurate, rapid, reproducible, non-invasive, and versatile assay platform, it holds great promise for the intelligent identification of trace B molecules in food, pharmaceuticals, and the human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Liu
- Research Center for Innovative Technology of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, 150081, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqing Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, No. 2708, South Section of Huaxi Avenue, Guiyang City, 550025, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Xiaoming Lyu
- Research Center for Innovative Technology of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, 150081, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiyao Ma
- Research Center for Innovative Technology of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, 150081, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuting Li
- Research Center for Innovative Technology of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, 150081, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Research Center for Innovative Technology of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, 150081, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongdan Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Hospital of Heilongjiang Province Zhongshan Road, Harbin, 150036, China
| | - Changhao Sun
- National Key Discipline, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Li
- Research Center for Innovative Technology of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, 150081, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology (HST), Faculty of Medicine University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
- National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (NKLFZCD), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, 150081, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.
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Steensma P, Eisenhut M, Colinas M, Rosado-Souza L, Fernie AR, Weber APM, Fitzpatrick TB. PYRIDOX(AM)INE 5'-PHOSPHATE OXIDASE3 of Arabidopsis thaliana maintains carbon/nitrogen balance in distinct environmental conditions. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 193:1433-1455. [PMID: 37453131 PMCID: PMC10517258 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
The identification of factors that regulate C/N utilization in plants can make a substantial contribution to optimization of plant health. Here, we explored the contribution of pyridox(am)ine 5'-phosphate oxidase3 (PDX3), which regulates vitamin B6 homeostasis, in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Firstly, N fertilization regimes showed that ammonium application rescues the leaf morphological phenotype of pdx3 mutant lines but masks the metabolite perturbance resulting from impairment in utilizing soil nitrate as a source of N. Without fertilization, pdx3 lines suffered a C/N imbalance and accumulated nitrogenous compounds. Surprisingly, exploration of photorespiration as a source of endogenous N driving this metabolic imbalance, by incubation under high CO2, further exacerbated the pdx3 growth phenotype. Interestingly, the amino acid serine, critical for growth and N management, alleviated the growth phenotype of pdx3 plants under high CO2, likely due to the requirement of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate for the phosphorylated pathway of serine biosynthesis under this condition. Triggering of thermomorphogenesis by growth of plants at 28 °C (instead of 22 °C) did not appear to require PDX3 function, and we observed that the consequent drive toward C metabolism counters the C/N imbalance in pdx3. Further, pdx3 lines suffered a salicylic acid-induced defense response, probing of which unraveled that it is a protective strategy mediated by nonexpressor of pathogenesis related1 (NPR1) and improves fitness. Overall, the study demonstrates the importance of vitamin B6 homeostasis as managed by the salvage pathway enzyme PDX3 to growth in diverse environments with varying nutrient availability and insight into how plants reprogram their metabolism under such conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscille Steensma
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
| | - Marion Eisenhut
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Science, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Maite Colinas
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
| | - Laise Rosado-Souza
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Potsdam-Golm 14476, Germany
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Potsdam-Golm 14476, Germany
| | - Andreas P M Weber
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Science, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
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Song WX, Yu ZH, Ren XF, Chen JH, Chen X. Role of micronutrients in inflammatory bowel disease. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2023; 31:711-731. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v31.i17.711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an autoimmune intestinal disease that includes ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, and indeterminate colitis. Patients with IBD are often at risk for malnutrition, including micronutrient deficiencies, due to dietary restrictions and poor intestinal absorption. Micronutrients, including vitamins and minerals, play an important role in the human body's metabolism and maintenance of tissue functions. This article reviews the role of micronutrients in IBD. Micronutrients can affect the occurrence and progression of IBD by regulating immunity, intestinal flora, oxidative stress, intestinal barrier function, and other aspects. Monitoring and timely supplementation of micronutrients are important to delay progression and improve clinical symptoms in IBD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Xuan Song
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Zi-Han Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Xiang-Feng Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Ji-Hua Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
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8
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Bettendorff L. Synthetic Thioesters of Thiamine: Promising Tools for Slowing Progression of Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11296. [PMID: 37511056 PMCID: PMC10379298 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Thiamine (vitamin B1) is essential for the brain. This is attributed to the coenzyme role of thiamine diphosphate (ThDP) in glucose and energy metabolism. The synthetic thiamine prodrug, the thioester benfotiamine (BFT), has been extensively studied and has beneficial effects both in rodent models of neurodegeneration and in human clinical studies. BFT has no known adverse effects and improves cognitive outcomes in patients with mild Alzheimer's disease. In cell culture and animal models, BFT has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that seem to be mediated by a mechanism independent of the coenzyme function of ThDP. Recent in vitro studies show that another thiamine thioester, O,S-dibenzoylthiamine (DBT), is even more efficient than BFT, especially with respect to its anti-inflammatory potency, and is effective at lower concentrations. Thiamine thioesters have pleiotropic properties linked to an increase in circulating thiamine concentrations and possibly in hitherto unidentified open thiazole ring derivatives. The identification of the active neuroprotective metabolites and the clarification of their mechanism of action open extremely promising perspectives in the field of neurodegenerative, neurodevelopmental, and psychiatric conditions. The present review aims to summarize existing data on the neuroprotective effects of thiamine thioesters and give a comprehensive account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucien Bettendorff
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, GIGA Neurosciences, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
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da Fonseca-Pereira P, Monteiro-Batista RDC, Araújo WL, Nunes-Nesi A. Harnessing enzyme cofactors and plant metabolism: an essential partnership. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 114:1014-1036. [PMID: 36861364 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Cofactors are fundamental to the catalytic activity of enzymes. Additionally, because plants are a critical source of several cofactors (i.e., including their vitamin precursors) within the context of human nutrition, there have been several studies aiming to understand the metabolism of coenzymes and vitamins in plants in detail. For example, compelling evidence has been brought forth regarding the role of cofactors in plants; specifically, it is becoming increasingly clear that an adequate supply of cofactors in plants directly affects their development, metabolism, and stress responses. Here, we review the state-of-the-art knowledge on the significance of coenzymes and their precursors with regard to general plant physiology and discuss the emerging functions attributed to them. Furthermore, we discuss how our understanding of the complex relationship between cofactors and plant metabolism can be used for crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula da Fonseca-Pereira
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Plant Physiology under Stress Conditions, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rita de Cássia Monteiro-Batista
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Plant Physiology under Stress Conditions, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Wagner L Araújo
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Plant Physiology under Stress Conditions, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Adriano Nunes-Nesi
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Plant Physiology under Stress Conditions, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Pei X, Yao J, Ran S, Lu H, Yang S, Zhang Y, Wang M, Shi H, Tan A. Association of serum water-soluble vitamin exposures with the risk of metabolic syndrome: results from NHANES 2003-2006. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1167317. [PMID: 37251666 PMCID: PMC10213561 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1167317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Existing evidence suggests an association between certain vitamins and metabolic syndrome (MetS), but few epidemiological studies have focused on the effects of multivitamin co-exposure on MetS. This study aims to investigate the associations of the individual or multiple water-soluble vitamins (i.e., vitamin C (VC), vitamin B9 (VB9), and vitamin B12 (VB12)) with co-exposure to MetS, as well as the dose-response relationships among them. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted by employing the National Health and Examination Surveys (NHANESs) 2003-2006. Multivariate-adjusted logistic regression models were used to explore the association between individual serum water-soluble vitamins and the risk of MetS and its components, including waist circumference, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein, blood pressure, and fasting plasma glucose. Restricted cubic splines were performed to explore the dose-response relationships among them. The quantile g-computation method was adopted to explore the associations of multiple water-soluble vitamins co-exposure with MetS risk and MetS components. Results A total of 8983 subjects were involved in the study, of whom 1443 were diagnosed with MetS. The MetS groups had a higher proportion of participants with age ≥60 years, BMI ≥30 kg/m2, and insufficient physical activity. Compared with the lowest quartile, the third (OR=0.67, 95% CI: 0.48, 0.94) and highest quartiles (OR=0.52, 95%CI: 0.35, 0.76) of VC were associated with lower MetS risk. Restricted cubic splines showed negative dose-response relationships among VC, VB9 and VB12, and MetS. Regarding MetS components, higher VC quartiles were associated with lower waist circumference, triglyceride, blood pressure, and fasting plasma glucose, while higher VC and VB9 quartiles were associated with higher high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Co-exposure to VC, VB9, and VB12 was significantly inversely associated with MetS, with ORs (95% CI) of 0.81 (0.74, 0.89) and 0.84 (0.78, 0.90) in the conditional and marginal structural models, respectively. Furthermore, we found that VC, VB9, and VB12 co-exposure were negatively associated with waist circumference and blood pressure, while VC, VB9, and VB12 co-exposure were positively associated with HDL. Conclusion This study revealed negative associations of VC, VB9, and VB12 with MetS, while the high water-soluble vitamin co-exposure was associated with a lower MetS risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Pei
- Hubei Provincial Hospital of TCM (Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine), Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Junjie Yao
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Simiao Ran
- Department of Gastroenterology, HuangGang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Affiliated to Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huanggang, Hubei, China
- Basic Medicine College, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Haifei Lu
- Basic Medicine College, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shuo Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, HuangGang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Affiliated to Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huanggang, Hubei, China
| | - Yini Zhang
- Basic Medicine College, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Miyuan Wang
- School of Management Beijing, University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Heyuan Shi
- Basic Medicine College, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Aihua Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology, HuangGang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Affiliated to Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huanggang, Hubei, China
- Basic Medicine College, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine / Postdoctoral Station of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Turck D, Bohn T, Castenmiller J, de Henauw S, Hirsch‐Ernst K, Knutsen HK, Maciuk A, Mangelsdorf I, McArdle HJ, Pelaez C, Pentieva K, Siani A, Thies F, Tsabouri S, Vinceti M, Fairweather‐Tait S, Vrolijk M, Fabiani L, Titz A, Naska A. Scientific opinion on the tolerable upper intake level for vitamin B6. EFSA J 2023; 21:e08006. [PMID: 37207271 PMCID: PMC10189633 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2023.8006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the tolerable upper intake level (UL) for vitamin B6. Systematic reviews of the literature were conducted by a contractor. The relationship between excess vitamin B6 intakes and the development of peripheral neuropathy is well established and is the critical effect on which the UL is based. A lowest-observed-effect-level (LOAEL) could not be established based on human data. A reference point (RP) of 50 mg/day is identified by the Panel from a case-control study, supported by data from case reports and vigilance data. An uncertainty factor (UF) of 4 is applied to the RP to account for the inverse relationship between dose and time to onset of symptoms and the limited data available. The latter covers uncertainties as to the level of intake that would represent a LOAEL. This leads to a UL of 12.5 mg/day. From a subchronic study in Beagle dogs, a LOAEL of 50 mg/kg body weight (bw) per day can be identified. Using an UF of 300, and a default bw of 70 kg, a UL of 11.7 mg/day can be calculated. From the midpoint of the range of these two ULs and rounding down, a UL of 12 mg/day is established by the Panel for vitamin B6 for adults (including pregnant and lactating women). ULs for infants and children are derived from the UL for adults using allometric scaling: 2.2-2.5 mg/day (4-11 months), 3.2-4.5 mg/day (1-6 years), 6.1-10.7 mg/day (7-17 years). Based on available intake data, EU populations are unlikely to exceed ULs, except for regular users of food supplements containing high doses of vitamin B6.
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12
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Zhang W, Jiang J, Kang X, Wang C, Chen F, Zhang B, Li S, Huang S, Li W. Dietary B vitamins and glioma: A case-control study based on Chinese population. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1122540. [PMID: 36937346 PMCID: PMC10018137 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1122540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dietary antioxidants have long been thought to be likely to prevent the development of gliomas. Previous studies have reported vitamin A, C, and E protective effects against gliomas. B vitamins, one of the main vitamins in the diet, are closely related to human health, but the association with gliomas has rarely been reported. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between five B vitamins and glioma. Methods In this Chinese population-based case-control study, 506 glioma cases and 506 matched (age and sex) controls were included. The dietary intake of study participants was assessed using a valid 111-item food frequency questionnaire. The intake of five B vitamins was calculated based on participants' dietary information from the food frequency questionnaire. The logistic regression model was used to examine the association between B vitamins and glioma, and the restriction cubic spline evaluated the dose-response relationship between the two. Results After adjusting for confounding factors, thiamine (OR = 0.09, 95%CI: 0.05-0.20), riboflavin (OR = 0.12, 95%CI: 0.06-0.25), nicotinic acid (OR = 0.24, 95%CI: 0.12-0.47), folate (OR = 0.07, 95%CI: 0.03-0.15) and biotin (OR = 0.14, 95%CI: 0.07-0.30) in the highest tertile were associated with a significantly decreased risk of glioma compared with the lowest tertile. The results of thiamine and biotin in glioma with different pathological types and grades were different. The restricted cubic spline function showed significant dose-response relationships between the intake of five B vitamins and the risk of glioma. When B vitamins exceeded a specific intake, the risk of glioma did not change. Conclusion Our study suggests that higher dietary intake of thiamine, riboflavin, nicotinic acid, and folate are associated with a decreased risk of glioma, but the results of biotin are not consistent among different populations. In the future, prospective studies should be conducted better to validate the effects of B vitamins on gliomas.
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Zhan Q, Wang R, Thakur K, Feng JY, Zhu YY, Zhang JG, Wei ZJ. Unveiling of dietary and gut-microbiota derived B vitamins: Metabolism patterns and their synergistic functions in gut-brain homeostasis. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:4046-4058. [PMID: 36271691 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2138263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Nutrition-gut cross-talk holds a vital position in sustaining intestinal function, and micronutrient metabolism has emerged as the foremost metabolic pathway to preserve gut homeostasis. Among micronutrients, B vitamins have evolved prior to DNA/RNA and are known for their vital roles for major evolutionary transitions in extant organisms. Despite their universal requirement and critical role, not all the three domains of life are endowed with a natural ability for de novo B vitamins synthesis. The human gut microbiome constitutes prototrophs and auxotroph which are entirely dependent on dietary intake and gut microbial production of B vitamins. The syntrophic metabolism involving cross-feeding of B vitamins and community-wide exchange between commensal bacteria elicit important changes in the diversity and composition of the human gut microbiome. Hereto, we discuss the B-vitamins sharing among prototrophic and auxotrophic gut bacteria, their absorption in small intestine and transport in distal gut, functional role in relation to the gut homeostasis and symptoms linked to their deficiency. We also briefly explore their potential involvement as psychobiotics in brain energetic metabolism (kynurenines/tryptophan pathway) for neurological functions and highlight their deficiency related malfunctioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Kiran Thakur
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, People's Republic of China
- Ningxia Key Laboratory for the Development and Application of Microbial Resources in Extreme Environments, School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Yu Feng
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Yang Zhu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Guo Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, People's Republic of China
- Ningxia Key Laboratory for the Development and Application of Microbial Resources in Extreme Environments, School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao-Jun Wei
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, People's Republic of China
- Ningxia Key Laboratory for the Development and Application of Microbial Resources in Extreme Environments, School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
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Safiul Azam FM, Lian T, Liang Q, Wang W, Zhang C, Jiang L. Variation of vitamin B contents in maize inbred lines: Potential genetic resources for biofortification. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1029119. [PMID: 36337650 PMCID: PMC9634661 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1029119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin B and its derivatives possess diverse physiological functions and are essential micronutrients for humans. Their variation in crops is important for the identification of genetic resources used to develop new varieties with enhanced vitamin B. In this research, remarkable variations were observed in kernels of 156 maize inbred lines, ranging from 107.61 to 2654.54 μg per 100 g for vitamin B1, 1.19–37.37 μg per 100 g for B2, 19.60–213.75 μg per 100 g for B3, 43.47–590.86 μg per 100 g for B5, and 138.59–1065.11 μg per 100 g for B6. Growing inbreeds in Hainan and Hebei provinces of China revealed environmental and genotype interactions among these vitamins and the correlations between them in maize grain. Several inbred lines were identified as good sources of vitamin B and promising germplasms for maize breeding, namely By855 and Si273 are overall rich in all the studied vitamins, and GY386B and CML118 are specially enriched with derivatives of vitamin B6. The present study can assist maize breeders with germplasm resources of vitamin B for biofortification to offer people nutritious foods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tong Lian
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Sanya Institute, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, China
| | - Qiuju Liang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weixuan Wang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chunyi Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Sanya Institute, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, China
- *Correspondence: Chunyi Zhang,
| | - Ling Jiang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Ling Jiang,
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