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Wang Y, Tao X, Jin P. Clinical Features and Prognostic Predictors in Patients with Renal Transplant Complicated by SARS-CoV-2 Infection, a Retrospective Single-Center Study. Infect Drug Resist 2024; 17:1999-2007. [PMID: 38800582 PMCID: PMC11122271 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s465805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This study examines the clinical outcomes and prognostic factors of COVID-19 in renal transplant recipients. Given their immunosuppressed status, these patients are at higher risk of severe complications from COVID-19. The study aims to provide healthcare professionals with critical insights for diagnosing and managing this vulnerable population. Patients and methods This retrospective cohort study included adult renal transplant recipients diagnosed with COVID-19. Data on demographics, medical history, laboratory results, and patient outcomes were analyzed to identify clinical characteristics and prognostic factors. Results This study included 115 renal transplant recipients with COVID-19, predominantly male, with a mortality rate of 10.4% (12 deaths). The overall vaccination rate was 20%. Univariate analysis showed significant differences between survivors and non-survivors in initial serum creatinine levels, and percentages of neutrophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes, along with CRP levels on day 3. Additionally, CRP levels, hemoglobin, and platelet counts on day 7 also differed significantly. Multivariate analysis identified CRP levels on days 3 and 7, day 7 hemoglobin and platelet counts, and concurrent bacterial infections as independent risk factors for mortality. Conclusion Elevated CRP levels, renal impairment, and bacterial co-infections play a significant role in the outcomes of COVID-19 in kidney transplant recipients. This study highlights the importance of monitoring these factors for early identification and management of high-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinfeng Wang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaogen Tao
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Jin
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People’s Republic of China
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Selhi PK, Chahal HS, Wadhwa H, Kaur S, Selhi KS, Kaur H, Kashyap AK, Singh A. Role of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology in the Rapid Diagnosis of Pulmonary Infections in Renal Allograft Recipients with Respiratory Failure. Indian J Nephrol 2023; 33:270-276. [PMID: 37781561 PMCID: PMC10503569 DOI: 10.4103/ijn.ijn_249_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Renal transplantation is the treatment of choice in patients with end-stage renal disease. However, allograft recipients are at a higher risk of infection due to immunosuppressive therapies. This study aimed to analyze the utility of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) lung in the etiological diagnosis of pulmonary infections in renal allograft recipients with respiratory failure. Materials and Methods This is a retrospective study done in post-renal transplant patients presenting with pulmonary infections and respiratory failure in the past 7 years, in whom image-guided lung FNAC was done for diagnosis. Results A total of 35 renal allograft recipients presenting with respiratory failure and having focal or diffuse pulmonary opacities (lesions) on radiological imaging were subjected to lung FNAC. The mean age of the patients was 41.1 ± 11.8 years (range 19-72), with the majority being males (n = 28, 80%); six (17.1%) of them were on invasive ventilation. The diagnostic yield of FNAC in our cohort was 77.1% (27 out of 35). Microorganisms were isolated in 21 cases (60%), with Nocardia being the most common (nine cases, 25.7%), Mycobacterial tuberculosis identified in six patients (17.1%), Aspergillus in three (8.6%), and one (2.9%) each had atypical Mycobacterium, zygomycetes, and Cryptococcus. FNAC suggested viral cytopathic effect in five patients, and cytomegalovirus (CMV) quantitative polymerase chain reaction test was found positive in four of these. One case was diagnosed as adenocarcinoma lung. Conclusion Lung FNAC is a useful for establishing the etiological diagnosis of pulmonary lesions in renal transplant patients with respiratory failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavneet Kaur Selhi
- Department of Pathology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Harmandeep Singh Chahal
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplant, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Heena Wadhwa
- Department of Pathology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Simran Kaur
- Department of Nephrology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Kanwarpal Singh Selhi
- Department of Pathology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- Department of Pathology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Anil Kumar Kashyap
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Akashdeep Singh
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
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Qiu X, Xu S, Liu X, Han L, Zhao B, Che Y, Han L, Hou X, Li D, Yue Y, Chen S, Kang Y, Sun L, Li Z. A CRISPR-based nucleic acid detection platform (CRISPR-CPA): application for detection of Nocardia farcinica. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 132:3685-3693. [PMID: 34936163 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To establish a CRISPR-based nucleic acid detection platform and apply it to detection of Nocardia farcinica (N. farcinica). METHODS AND RESULTS A CRISPR-based nucleic acid detection platform, termed CRISPR-CPA (CRISPR/Cas12a combined with PCR amplification), which employed PCR for pre-amplification of target sequences and CRISPR-Cas12a-based detection for decoding of the PCR amplicons, was developed. To demonstrate its feasibility, CRISPR-CPA was applied to detection of N. farcinica. A pair of PCR primers and a crRNA, which targeting the conservative and specific part of gyrA of N. farcinica reference strain IFM 10152, were designed according to the principle of CRISPR-CPA. The whole detection process of N. farcinica CRISPR-CPA assay, including sample pre-treatment and DNA extraction (~20 min), PCR pre-amplification (60 min), CRISPR-based detection (10 min), can be completed within 90 min. A total of 62 isolates were used to evaluate the specificity of N. farcinica CRISPR-CPA assay. Clinical specimens were employed to determine the feasibility of the method in practical application. The limit of detection of the N. farcinica CRISPR-CPA assay is 1 pg DNA per reaction in pure cultures and 105 CFU/ml in sputum specimens, which is similar with culture but significantly more timesaving. CONCLUSIONS The N. farcinica CRISPR-CPA assay is an economic and specific method to detect N. farcinica and provides a high-efficiency tool for screening of pathogens especially of some hard-to-culture and slow-growth infectious agents. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF STUDY In CRISPR-CPA system, the PCR primers are engineered with a protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) site of Cas12a effector and an additional base A was added at the 5' end of the engineered PCR primer for protecting PAM site, thus the CRISPR-CPA can detect any sequence. Also, we applied CRISPR-CPA to rapidly detect Nocardia farcinica, which is slow-growing bacteria and is firstly detected by a CRISPR-based method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Qiu
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xueping Liu
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lu Han
- Beijing Changping Institute for Tuberculosis Prevention and Treatment, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Zhao
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yanlin Che
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lichao Han
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xuexin Hou
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Yue
- Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Food Testing and Research Institute, Yinchuan, China
| | - Shenglin Chen
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yutong Kang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Lina Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenjun Li
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
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