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Assugeni IOS, Bazon ML, Pinto LM, Mainente LAB, Brochetto-Braga MR, de Lima Zollner R, Fernandes LGR. Recombinant antigen 5 from Polybia paulista wasp venom (Hymenoptera, Vespidae): Antigen-specific antibody production and functional profile of CD4 + T cells in the immune response. J Immunol Methods 2023; 522:113557. [PMID: 37689389 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2023.113557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Polybia paulista is a neotropical social wasp related to severe accidents and allergic reactions cases, including anaphylaxis, in southeastern Brazil. Antigen 5 (Poly p 5) is a major allergenic protein from its venom with potential use for component-resolved diagnostic. Therefore, the previous characterization of the immune response profile triggered by Poly p 5 should be evaluated. Recombinant Poly p 5 (rPoly p 5) was used to sensitize BALB/c mice with six weekly intradermal doses, and the specific antibody production and the functional profile of CD4+ T cells were assessed. rPoly p 5 induced the production of specific immunoglobulins (sIg) sIgE, sIgG1 and sIgG2a, which could recognize natural Poly p 5 presented in the venom of four different wasp species. rPoly p 5 stimulated in vitro the CD4+ T cells from immunized mice, which showed a significant proliferative response. These antigen-specific CD4+T cells produced IFN-γ and IL-17A cytokines and increased ROR-γT transcription factor expression. No differences between the control group and sensitized mice were found in IL-4 production and GATA-3 and T-bet expression. Interestingly, increased CD25+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) frequency was observed in the splenocyte cell cultures from rPoly p 5 immunized mice after the in vitro stimulation with both P. paulista venom extract and rPoly p 5. Here we showed that rPoly p 5 induces antigen-specific antibodies capable of recognizing Antigen 5 in the venom of four wasp species and modulates antigen-specific CD4+ T cells to IFN-γ production response associated with a Th17 profile in sensitized mice. These findings emphasize the potential use of rPoly p 5 as an essential source of a major wasp allergen with significant immunological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela Oliveira Sandrini Assugeni
- Laboratory of Arthropods Molecular Biology (LBMA), Institute of Biosciences of Rio Claro, Department of Biology, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| | - Murilo Luiz Bazon
- Laboratory of Arthropods Molecular Biology (LBMA), Institute of Biosciences of Rio Claro, Department of Biology, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucas Machado Pinto
- Laboratory of Arthropods Molecular Biology (LBMA), Institute of Biosciences of Rio Claro, Department of Biology, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Márcia Regina Brochetto-Braga
- Laboratory of Arthropods Molecular Biology (LBMA), Institute of Biosciences of Rio Claro, Department of Biology, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo de Lima Zollner
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology (LIT), School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Luís Gustavo Romani Fernandes
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology (LIT), School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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Pessoa VC, Branco-Ferreira M, Jónsdóttir S, Marti E, Tilley P. Comparison of Skin Prick Tests (SPT), Intradermal Tests (IDT) and In Vitro Tests in the Characterization of Insect Bite Hypersensitivity (IBH) in a Population of Lusitano Horses: Contribution for Future Implementation of SPT in IBH Diagnosis. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2733. [PMID: 37684997 PMCID: PMC10486572 DOI: 10.3390/ani13172733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Thirty controls (C) and 30 IBH-affected (T) Lusitano horses were evaluated. T horses were included based on anamnesis and physical examination, supported by questionnaires. All horses were submitted to skin tests, Intrademal (IDT) and Skin Prick Tests (SPT), on the neck with 14 specific allergens, 13 recombinant proteins (r-proteins) from Culicoides nubeculosus (Cul n) and Culicoides obsoletus (Cul o) salivary glands and Culicoides nubeculosus Whole Body Extract (Cul n WBE). Addicionally, a cluster of six T and six C horses were also tested with Cul n 3 and Cul n 4 produced in insect cells and barley, as well as E. coli produced Cul o 3 and Cul o WBE. Allergen concentrations were 10 µg/mL for IDT and 100 µg/mL for SPT, and wheal diameters assessed at 20 min, 6 and 48 h. IDTs were considered positive when wheal diameter was ≥50% of the histamine wheal and SPT's ≥ 0.9 cm. In vitro tests, allergen-specific serum IgE and sulfidoleukotriene (sLT) release assay were also carried out. Results showed that Cul n WBE, Cul n 7, 8, 9, Cul o1P and Cul o 2P were the best performing allergens for SPTs (p ≤ 0.0001) for the 1st allergen panel and Cul o WBE, Cul n 3 Bar and Cul n 4 Bac (p ≤ 0.05) for the 2nd, presenting a higher discriminatory diagnostic potential than IDTs, at a concentration of 100 µg/mL, with readings assessed at 20 min. Regarding in vitro tests overall, the sLT release assay performed best.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Carvalho Pessoa
- CIISA—Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal;
- AL4Animals—Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Manuel Branco-Ferreira
- Immunoallergology University Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Sigridur Jónsdóttir
- Institute for Experimental Pathology, Biomedical Center, University of Iceland, Keldur, 102 Reykjavik, Iceland;
| | - Eliane Marti
- Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland;
| | - Paula Tilley
- CIISA—Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal;
- AL4Animals—Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
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Ziegler A, Olzhausen J, Hamza E, Stojiljkovic A, Stoffel MH, Garbani M, Rhyner C, Marti E. An allergen-fused dendritic cell-binding peptide enhances in vitro proliferation of equine T-cells and cytokine production. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2021; 243:110351. [PMID: 34800874 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2021.110351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) constitutes the only curative approach for allergy treatment. There is need for improvement of AIT in veterinary medicine, such as in horses suffering from insect bite hypersensitivity, an IgE-mediated dermatitis to Culicoides. Dendritic cell (DC)-targeting represents an efficient method to increase antigen immunogenicity. It is studied primarily for its use in improvement of cancer therapy and vaccines, but may also be useful for improving AIT efficacy. Immunomodulators, like the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) agonist monophosphoryl lipid-A (MPLA) has been shown to enhance the IL-10 response in horses, while CpG-rich oligonucleotides (CpG-ODN), acting as TLR-9 agonists, have been shown to induce Th1 or regulatory responses in horses with equine asthma. Our aim was to evaluate in vitro effects of antigen-targeting to equine DC with an antigen-fused peptide known to target human and mouse DC and investigate whether addition of MPLA or CpG-ODN would further improve the induced immune response with regard to finding optimal conditions for equine AIT. For this purpose, DC-binding peptides were fused to the model antigen ovalbumin (OVA) and to the recombinant Culicoides allergen Cul o3. Effects of DC-binding peptides on cellular antigen uptake and induction of T cell proliferation were assessed. Polarity of the immune response was analysed by quantifying IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-10, IL-17 and IFN-α in supernatants of antigen-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in presence or absence of adjuvants. Fusion of DC-binding peptides to OVA significantly enhanced antigen-uptake by equine DC. DC primed with DC-binding peptides coupled to OVA or Cul o3 induced a significantly higher T-cell proliferation compared to the corresponding control antigens. PBMC stimulation with DC-binding peptides coupled to Cul o3 elicited a significant increase in the pro-inflammatory cytokines IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-17, as well as the anti-inflammatory IL-10, but not of IFN-α. Adjuvant addition further enhanced the effect of the DC-binding peptides by significantly increasing the production of IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-10 and IFN-α (CpG-ODN) and IL-10 (MPLA), while simultaneously suppressing IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-17 production (MPLA). Targeting equine DC with allergens fused to DC-binding peptides enhances antigen-uptake and T-cell activation and may be useful in increasing the equine immune response against recombinant antigens. Combination of DC-binding peptide protein fusions with adjuvants is necessary to appropriately skew the resulting immune response, depending on intended use. Combination with MPLA is a promising option for improvement of AIT efficacy in horses, while combination with CpG-ODN increases the effector immune response to recombinant antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Ziegler
- Division of Neurological Sciences, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 124, CH-3001 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Judith Olzhausen
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Herman-Burchardstrasse 9, CH-7265 Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
| | - Eman Hamza
- Division of Neurological Sciences, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 124, CH-3001 Bern, Switzerland; Department of Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Ana Stojiljkovic
- Division of Veterinary Anatomy, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 120, CH-3001 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Michael H Stoffel
- Division of Veterinary Anatomy, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 120, CH-3001 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mattia Garbani
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Herman-Burchardstrasse 9, CH-7265 Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
| | - Claudio Rhyner
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Herman-Burchardstrasse 9, CH-7265 Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
| | - Eliane Marti
- Division of Neurological Sciences, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 124, CH-3001 Bern, Switzerland
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Novotny EN, White SJ, Wilson AD, Stefánsdóttir SB, Tijhaar E, Jonsdóttir S, Frey R, Reiche D, Rose H, Rhyner C, Schüpbach‐Regula G, Torsteinsdóttir S, Alcocer M, Marti E. Component-resolved microarray analysis of IgE sensitization profiles to Culicoides recombinant allergens in horses with insect bite hypersensitivity. Allergy 2021; 76:1147-1157. [PMID: 32780483 PMCID: PMC8246938 DOI: 10.1111/all.14556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Background Allergy to bites of blood‐sucking insects, including biting midges, can affect both human and veterinary patients. Horses are often suffering from an IgE‐mediated allergic dermatitis caused by bites of midges (Culicoides spp). With the aim to improve allergen immunotherapy (AIT), numerous Culicoides allergens have been produced as recombinant (r‐) proteins. This study aimed to test a comprehensive panel of differently expressed Culicoides r‐allergens on a cohort of IBH‐affected and control horses using an allergen microarray. Methods IgE levels to 27 Culicoides r‐allergens, including 8 previously unpublished allergens, of which 11 were expressed in more than one expression system, were determined in sera from 347 horses. ROC analyses were carried out, cut‐offs selected using a specificity of 95% and seropositivity rates compared between horses affected with insect bite hypersensitivity (IBH) and control horses. The combination of r‐allergens giving the best performing test was determined using logistic regression analysis. Results Seropositivity was significantly higher in IBH horses compared with controls for 25 r‐allergens. Nine Culicoides r‐allergens were major allergens for IBH with seven of them binding IgE in sera from > 70% of the IBH‐affected horses. Combination of these top seven r‐allergens could diagnose > 90% of IBH‐affected horses with a specificity of > 95%. Correlation between differently expressed r‐allergens was usually high (mean = 0.69, range: 0.28‐0.91). Conclusion This microarray will be a powerful tool for the development of component‐resolved, patient‐tailored AIT for IBH and could be useful for the study of allergy to biting midges in humans and other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella N. Novotny
- Department of Clinical Research and VPH, Vetsuisse Faculty University of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Samuel J. White
- School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences Nottingham Trent University, Brackenhurst Campus Southwell UK
- School of Biosciences University of Nottingham Loughborough UK
| | - A. Douglas Wilson
- Division of Veterinary Pathology, Infection and Immunity University of Bristol Langford UK
| | - Sara B. Stefánsdóttir
- Institute for Experimental Pathology Biomedical Center University of Iceland Reykjavik Iceland
| | - Edwin Tijhaar
- Cell Biology and Immunology Group Wageningen University Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Sigridur Jonsdóttir
- Department of Clinical Research and VPH, Vetsuisse Faculty University of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | | | - Dania Reiche
- Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica GmbH Rohrdorf Germany
| | - Horst Rose
- Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica GmbH Rohrdorf Germany
| | - Claudio Rhyner
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zürich Davos Switzerland
| | | | | | - Marcos Alcocer
- School of Biosciences University of Nottingham Loughborough UK
| | - Eliane Marti
- Department of Clinical Research and VPH, Vetsuisse Faculty University of Bern Bern Switzerland
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Miller JE, Mann S, Fettelschoss-Gabriel A, Wagner B. Comparison of three clinical scoring systems for Culicoides hypersensitivity in a herd of Icelandic horses. Vet Dermatol 2019; 30:536-e163. [PMID: 31441172 DOI: 10.1111/vde.12784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Culicoides hypersensitivity (CH), an intensely pruritic and seasonal allergic dermatitis, is a common allergic disease affecting horses worldwide. Currently, there is no validated clinical scoring system for the quantification of clinical signs associated with CH. OBJECTIVES To (i) determine the best cut-off point of three scoring systems, (ii) test the accuracy of each system when compared to the clinical diagnosis of an experienced veterinarian and (iii) assess agreement between systems. ANIMALS Icelandic horses (n = 20); eight with CH and 12 unaffected, from a research herd receiving no treatments for allergic dermatitis. METHODS AND MATERIALS Lesion scores were recorded biweekly from April until September with three clinical scoring systems (A, B and C) by a single observer initially blinded to CH status. Separate logistic regression analyses for each time point were used to determine appropriate cut-offs for CH classification. Spearman's rho and Cohen's kappa were calculated to analyze correlation of scores and agreement of CH categorization between systems, respectively. RESULTS The best allergic cut-off scores for system A, B and C were determined to be three, eight and 12, respectively. For each system median areas under the curve (>0.85) were excellent and discriminatory ability for correctly classifying CH status was strong. Excellent correlation between scores for each system (Spearman's rho > 0.96) and excellent intersystem agreement for CH categorization (kappa ≥ 0.73) were found across scoring time points. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Results support the use of these scoring systems as templates for the future standardization of a CH clinical scoring system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia E Miller
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Sabine Mann
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Antonia Fettelschoss-Gabriel
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland& University Hospital Zurich, Wagistrasse 14, 8952, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Bettina Wagner
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
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Ziegler A, Everett H, Hamza E, Garbani M, Gerber V, Marti E, Steinbach F. Equine dendritic cells generated with horse serum have enhanced functionality in comparison to dendritic cells generated with fetal bovine serum. BMC Vet Res 2016; 12:254. [PMID: 27846835 PMCID: PMC5111218 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-016-0880-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dendritic cells are professional antigen-presenting cells that play an essential role in the initiation and modulation of T cell responses. They have been studied widely for their potential clinical applications, but for clinical use to be successful, alternatives to xenogeneic substances like fetal bovine serum (FBS) in cell culture need to be found. Protocols for the generation of dendritic cells ex vivo from monocytes are well established for several species, including horses. Currently, the gold standard protocol for generating dendritic cells from monocytes across various species relies upon a combination of GM-CSF and IL-4 added to cell culture medium which is supplemented with FBS. The aim of this study was to substitute FBS with heterologous horse serum. For this purpose, equine monocyte-derived dendritic cells (eqMoDC) were generated in the presence of horse serum or FBS and analysed for the effect on morphology, phenotype and immunological properties. Changes in the expression of phenotypic markers (CD14, CD86, CD206) were assessed during dendritic cell maturation by flow cytometry. To obtain a more complete picture of the eqMoDC differentiation and assess possible differences between FBS- and horse serum-driven cultures, a transcriptomic microarray analysis was performed. Lastly, immature eqMoDC were primed with a primary antigen (ovalbumin) or a recall antigen (tetanus toxoid) and, after maturation, were co-cultured with freshly isolated autologous CD5+ T lymphocytes to assess their T cell stimulatory capacity. Results The microarray analysis demonstrated that eqMoDC generated with horse serum were indistinguishable from those generated with FBS. However, eqMoDC incubated with horse serum-supplemented medium exhibited a more characteristic dendritic cell morphology during differentiation from monocytes. A significant increase in cell viability was also observed in eqMoDC cultured with horse serum. Furthermore, eqMoDC generated in the presence of horse serum were found to be superior in their functional T lymphocyte priming capacity and to elicit significantly less non-specific proliferation. Conclusions EqMoDC generated with horse serum-supplemented medium showed improved morphological characteristics, higher cell viability and exhibited a more robust performance in the functional T cell assays. Therefore, horse serum was found to be superior to FBS for generating equine monocyte-derived dendritic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Ziegler
- Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 124, 3001, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Helen Everett
- Virology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency-Weybridge, Woodham Lane, Addlestone, Surrey, KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Eman Hamza
- Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 124, 3001, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mattia Garbani
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Vinzenz Gerber
- Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Eliane Marti
- Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 124, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Falko Steinbach
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Surrey, Daphne Jackson Road, Guildford, GU2 7AL, UK.
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