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van Ham WB, Kessler EL, Oerlemans MI, Handoko ML, Sluijter JP, van Veen TA, den Ruijter HM, de Jager SC. Clinical Phenotypes of Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction to Select Preclinical Animal Models. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2022; 7:844-857. [PMID: 36061340 PMCID: PMC9436760 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2021.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
To better define HFpEF clinically, patients are nowadays often clustered into phenogroups, based on their comorbidities and symptoms Many animal models claim to mimic HFpEF, but phenogroups are not yet regularly used to cluster them HFpEF animals models often lack reports of clinical symptoms of HF, therefore mainly presenting as extended models of LVDD, clinically seen as a prestate of HFpEF We investigated if clinically relevant phenogroups can guide selection of animal models aiming at better defined animal research
At least one-half of the growing heart failure population consists of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). The limited therapeutic options, the complexity of the syndrome, and many related comorbidities emphasize the need for adequate experimental animal models to study the etiology of HFpEF, as well as its comorbidities and pathophysiological changes. The strengths and weaknesses of available animal models have been reviewed extensively with the general consensus that a “1-size-fits-all” model does not exist, because no uniform HFpEF patient exists. In fact, HFpEF patients have been categorized into HFpEF phenogroups based on comorbidities and symptoms. In this review, we therefore study which animal model is best suited to study the different phenogroups—to improve model selection and refinement of animal research. Based on the published data, we extrapolated human HFpEF phenogroups into 3 animal phenogroups (containing small and large animals) based on reports and definitions of the authors: animal models with high (cardiac) age (phenogroup aging); animal models focusing on hypertension and kidney dysfunction (phenogroup hypertension/kidney failure); and models with hypertension, obesity, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (phenogroup cardiometabolic syndrome). We subsequently evaluated characteristics of HFpEF, such as left ventricular diastolic dysfunction parameters, systemic inflammation, cardiac fibrosis, and sex-specificity in the different models. Finally, we scored these parameters concluded how to best apply these models. Based on our findings, we propose an easy-to-use classification for future animal research based on clinical phenogroups of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willem B. van Ham
- Department of Medical Physiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Elise L. Kessler
- Laboratory for Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Utrecht Regenerative Medicine Center, Circulatory Health Laboratory, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - M. Louis Handoko
- Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joost P.G. Sluijter
- Laboratory for Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Utrecht Regenerative Medicine Center, Circulatory Health Laboratory, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Toon A.B. van Veen
- Department of Medical Physiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Hester M. den Ruijter
- Laboratory for Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Saskia C.A. de Jager
- Laboratory for Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Address for correspondence: Dr Saskia C.A. de Jager, Laboratory for Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht 3584 CX, the Netherlands.
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Jang M, Son W, Kim H, Won Shin C, Lee I. Effect of intra-abdominal hypertension on the intraocular pressure of the conscious dogs. Vet Med Sci 2021; 7:642-646. [PMID: 33527724 PMCID: PMC8136941 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was performed to evaluate the effect of intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) on intraocular pressure (IOP) in conscious dog models using a balloon technique to generate intra-abdominal hypertension. Six healthy dogs without ocular abnormalities were evaluated in this study. A balloon device was placed in the intra-abdominal cavity. The abdomen was insufflated to IAP levels of 15 and 25 mmHg using the balloon device. Intraocular pressure was measured at baseline, at IAP levels of 15 and 25 mmHg, and after decompression. In comparison with the mean baseline IOP (15.1 ± 2.0 mmHg), there was a significant increase in IOP at IAP levels of 15 mmHg (20.0 ± 2.1 mmHg) and 25 mmHg (19.9 ± 2.2 mmHg), corresponding to a 32.4% and 31.7% increase from baseline IOP, respectively. The mean IOP after decompression (14.8 ± 1.7 mmHg) was significantly lower compared to those at IAP levels of 15 and 25 mmHg. The present findings demonstrate that increased IAP has a clinically significant effect on IOP in dogs under conscious conditions. Although more research is needed to determine of increased IAP on IOP, these findings suggest that increased IAP leads to mild and reversible increase in IOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jang
- Department of Veterinary Clinical SciencesCollege of Veterinary MedicineSeoul National UniversitySeoulKorea
- Department of Veterinary SurgeryCollege of Veterinary MedicineKyungpook National UniversityDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Won‐Gyun Son
- Department of Veterinary Clinical SciencesCollege of Veterinary MedicineSeoul National UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Hyunseok Kim
- Department of Veterinary Clinical SciencesCollege of Veterinary MedicineSeoul National UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Chi Won Shin
- Department of Veterinary Clinical SciencesCollege of Veterinary MedicineSeoul National UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Inhyung Lee
- Department of Veterinary Clinical SciencesCollege of Veterinary MedicineSeoul National UniversitySeoulKorea
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