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Cong J, Liu P, Han Z, Ying W, Li C, Yang Y, Wang S, Yang J, Cao F, Shen J, Zeng Y, Bai Y, Zhou C, Ye L, Zhou R, Guo C, Cang C, Kasper DL, Song X, Dai L, Sun L, Pan W, Zhu S. Bile acids modified by the intestinal microbiota promote colorectal cancer growth by suppressing CD8 + T cell effector functions. Immunity 2024; 57:876-889.e11. [PMID: 38479384 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Concentrations of the secondary bile acid, deoxycholic acid (DCA), are aberrantly elevated in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, but the consequences remain poorly understood. Here, we screened a library of gut microbiota-derived metabolites and identified DCA as a negative regulator for CD8+ T cell effector function. Mechanistically, DCA suppressed CD8+ T cell responses by targeting plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPase (PMCA) to inhibit Ca2+-nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT)2 signaling. In CRC patients, CD8+ T cell effector function negatively correlated with both DCA concentration and expression of a bacterial DCA biosynthetic gene. Bacteria harboring DCA biosynthetic genes suppressed CD8+ T cells effector function and promoted tumor growth in mice. This effect was abolished by disrupting bile acid metabolism via bile acid chelation, genetic ablation of bacterial DCA biosynthetic pathway, or specific bacteriophage. Our study demonstrated causation between microbial DCA metabolism and anti-tumor CD8+ T cell response in CRC, suggesting potential directions for anti-tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Cong
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China; Department of Digestive Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China; School of Pharmacy, Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Pianpian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China; Department of Digestive Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Zili Han
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China; Department of Digestive Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Wei Ying
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Chaoliang Li
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China; Department of Digestive Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Yifei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China; School of Data Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Shuling Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jianbo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China; Department of Digestive Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Fei Cao
- Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Juntao Shen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yu Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yu Bai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Congzhao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Lilin Ye
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Rongbin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Chunjun Guo
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Chunlei Cang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Dennis L Kasper
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Xinyang Song
- Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Lei Dai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Linfeng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Wen Pan
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China; Department of Digestive Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China.
| | - Shu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China; Department of Digestive Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China; School of Data Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China.
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2
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Gross S, Womer L, Kappes DJ, Soboloff J. Multifaceted control of T cell differentiation by STIM1. Trends Biochem Sci 2023; 48:1083-1097. [PMID: 37696713 PMCID: PMC10787584 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2023.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
In T cells, stromal interaction molecule (STIM) and Orai are dispensable for conventional T cell development, but critical for activation and differentiation. This review focuses on novel STIM-dependent mechanisms for control of Ca2+ signals during T cell activation and its impact on mitochondrial function and transcriptional activation for control of T cell differentiation and function. We highlight areas that require further work including the roles of plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPase (PMCA) and partner of STIM1 (POST) in controlling Orai function. A major knowledge gap also exists regarding the independence of T cell development from STIM and Orai, despite compelling evidence that it requires Ca2+ signals. Resolving these and other outstanding questions ensures that the field will remain active for many years to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Gross
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Lauren Womer
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | | | - Jonathan Soboloff
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA; Department of Cancer and Cellular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.
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3
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Beckmann D, Langnaese K, Gottfried A, Hradsky J, Tedford K, Tiwari N, Thomas U, Fischer KD, Korthals M. Ca 2+ Homeostasis by Plasma Membrane Ca 2+ ATPase (PMCA) 1 Is Essential for the Development of DP Thymocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021442. [PMID: 36674959 PMCID: PMC9865543 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The strength of Ca2+ signaling is a hallmark of T cell activation, yet the role of Ca2+ homeostasis in developing T cells before expressing a mature T cell receptor is poorly understood. We aimed to unveil specific functions of the two plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPases expressed in T cells, PMCA1 and PMCA4. On a transcriptional and protein level we found that PMCA4 was expressed at low levels in CD4-CD8- double negative (DN) thymocytes and was even downregulated in subsequent stages while PMCA1 was present throughout development and upregulated in CD4+CD8+ double positive (DP) thymocytes. Mice with a targeted deletion of Pmca1 in DN3 thymocytes had an almost complete block of DP thymocyte development with an accumulation of DN4 thymocytes but severely reduced numbers of CD8+ immature single positive (ISP) thymocytes. The DN4 thymocytes of these mice showed strongly elevated basal cytosolic Ca2+ levels and a pre-mature CD5 expression, but in contrast to the DP thymocytes they were only mildly prone to apoptosis. Surprisingly, mice with a germline deletion of Pmca4 did not show any signs of altered progression through the developmental thymocyte stages, nor altered Ca2+ homeostasis throughout this process. PMCA1 is, therefore, non-redundant in keeping cellular Ca2+ levels low in the early thymocyte development required for the DN to DP transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Beckmann
- Institute for Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Kristina Langnaese
- Institute for Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anna Gottfried
- Institute for Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Hradsky
- Institute for Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Kerry Tedford
- Institute for Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Nikhil Tiwari
- Department of Cellular Neuroscience, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Thomas
- Department of Cellular Neuroscience, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Klaus-Dieter Fischer
- Institute for Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Mark Korthals
- Institute for Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
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4
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Barak P, Kaur S, Scappini E, Tucker CJ, Parekh AB. Plasma Membrane Ca2+ ATPase Activity Enables Sustained Store-operated Ca2+ Entry in the Absence of a Bulk Cytosolic Ca2+ Rise. FUNCTION 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/function/zqac040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
In many cell types, the rise in cytosolic Ca2+ due to opening of Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels drives a plethora of responses, including secretion, motility, energy production, and gene expression. The amplitude and time course of the cytosolic Ca2+ rise is shaped by the rates of Ca2+ entry into and removal from the cytosol. However, an extended bulk Ca2+ rise is toxic to cells. Here, we show that the plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPase (PMCA) pump plays a major role in preventing a prolonged cytosolic Ca2+ signal following CRAC channel activation. Ca2+ entry through CRAC channels leads to a sustained sub-plasmalemmal Ca2+ rise but bulk Ca2+ is kept low by the activity of PMCA4b. Despite the low cytosolic Ca2+, membrane permeability to Ca2+ is still elevated and Ca2+ continues to enter through CRAC channels. Ca2+-dependent NFAT activation, driven by Ca2+ nanodomains near the open channels, is maintained despite the return of bulk Ca2+ to near pre-stimulation levels. Our data reveal a central role for PMCA4b in determining the pattern of a functional Ca2+ signal and in sharpening local Ca2+ gradients near CRAC channels, whilst protecting cells from a toxic Ca2+ overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Barak
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford University , Oxford OX1 3PT, UK
- Oxford Nanoimaging , Linacre House, Jordan Hill Business Park Banbury Road, Oxford OX2 8TA, UK
| | - Suneet Kaur
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences , NIH, Research Triangle Park NC 27709, USA
| | - Erica Scappini
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences , NIH, Research Triangle Park NC 27709, USA
| | - Charles J Tucker
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences , NIH, Research Triangle Park NC 27709, USA
| | - Anant B Parekh
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford University , Oxford OX1 3PT, UK
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences , NIH, Research Triangle Park NC 27709, USA
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5
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Hegedüs L, Livingstone E, Bánkfalvi Á, Viehof J, Enyedi Á, Bilecz Á, Győrffy B, Baranyi M, Tőkés AM, Gil J, Marko-Varga G, Griewank KG, Zimmer L, Váraljai R, Sucker A, Zaremba A, Schadendorf D, Aigner C, Hegedüs B. The Prognostic Relevance of PMCA4 Expression in Melanoma: Gender Specificity and Implications for Immune Checkpoint Inhibition. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:3324. [PMID: 35328746 PMCID: PMC8949876 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PMCA4 is a critical regulator of Ca2+ homeostasis in mammalian cells. While its biological and prognostic relevance in several cancer types has already been demonstrated, only preclinical investigations suggested a metastasis suppressor function in melanoma. Therefore, we studied the expression pattern of PMCA4 in human skin, nevus, as well as in primary and metastatic melanoma using immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, we analyzed the prognostic power of PMCA4 mRNA levels in cutaneous melanoma both at the non-metastatic stage as well as after PD-1 blockade in advanced disease. PMCA4 localizes to the plasma membrane in a differentiation dependent manner in human skin and mucosa, while nevus cells showed no plasma membrane staining. In contrast, primary cutaneous, choroidal and conjunctival melanoma cells showed specific plasma membrane localization of PMCA4 with a wide range of intensities. Analyzing the TCGA cohort, PMCA4 mRNA levels showed a gender specific prognostic impact in stage I-III melanoma. Female patients with high transcript levels had a significantly longer progression-free survival. Melanoma cell specific PMCA4 protein expression is associated with anaplasticity in melanoma lung metastasis but had no impact on survival after lung metastasectomy. Importantly, high PMCA4 transcript levels derived from RNA-seq of cutaneous melanoma are associated with significantly longer overall survival after PD-1 blockade. In summary, we demonstrated that human melanoma cells express PMCA4 and PMCA4 transcript levels carry prognostic information in a gender specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Hegedüs
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Medicine Essen–Ruhrlandklinik, 45239 Essen, Germany; (L.H.); (J.V.); (C.A.)
| | - Elisabeth Livingstone
- Department of Dermatology, University Medicine Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (E.L.); (K.G.G.); (L.Z.); (R.V.); (A.S.); (A.Z.); (D.S.)
| | - Ágnes Bánkfalvi
- Department of Pathology, University Medicine Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany;
| | - Jan Viehof
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Medicine Essen–Ruhrlandklinik, 45239 Essen, Germany; (L.H.); (J.V.); (C.A.)
| | - Ágnes Enyedi
- Department of Transfusiology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Ágnes Bilecz
- 2nd Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (Á.B.); (M.B.); (A.-M.T.)
| | - Balázs Győrffy
- Department of Bioinformatics, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Marcell Baranyi
- 2nd Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (Á.B.); (M.B.); (A.-M.T.)
| | - Anna-Mária Tőkés
- 2nd Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (Á.B.); (M.B.); (A.-M.T.)
| | - Jeovanis Gil
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden;
| | - György Marko-Varga
- Clinical Protein Science & Imaging, Biomedical Centre, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden;
| | - Klaus G. Griewank
- Department of Dermatology, University Medicine Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (E.L.); (K.G.G.); (L.Z.); (R.V.); (A.S.); (A.Z.); (D.S.)
| | - Lisa Zimmer
- Department of Dermatology, University Medicine Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (E.L.); (K.G.G.); (L.Z.); (R.V.); (A.S.); (A.Z.); (D.S.)
| | - Renáta Váraljai
- Department of Dermatology, University Medicine Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (E.L.); (K.G.G.); (L.Z.); (R.V.); (A.S.); (A.Z.); (D.S.)
| | - Antje Sucker
- Department of Dermatology, University Medicine Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (E.L.); (K.G.G.); (L.Z.); (R.V.); (A.S.); (A.Z.); (D.S.)
| | - Anne Zaremba
- Department of Dermatology, University Medicine Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (E.L.); (K.G.G.); (L.Z.); (R.V.); (A.S.); (A.Z.); (D.S.)
| | - Dirk Schadendorf
- Department of Dermatology, University Medicine Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (E.L.); (K.G.G.); (L.Z.); (R.V.); (A.S.); (A.Z.); (D.S.)
| | - Clemens Aigner
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Medicine Essen–Ruhrlandklinik, 45239 Essen, Germany; (L.H.); (J.V.); (C.A.)
| | - Balázs Hegedüs
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Medicine Essen–Ruhrlandklinik, 45239 Essen, Germany; (L.H.); (J.V.); (C.A.)
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6
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Liu R, Krüger K, Pilat C, Fan W, Xiao Y, Seimetz M, Ringseis R, Baumgart-Vogt E, Eder K, Weissmann N, Mooren FC. Excessive Accumulation of Intracellular Ca 2+ After Acute Exercise Potentiated Impairment of T-cell Function. Front Physiol 2021; 12:728625. [PMID: 34899372 PMCID: PMC8662941 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.728625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Ca2+ is an important intracellular second messenger known to regulate several cellular functions. This research aimed to investigate the mechanisms of exercise-induced immunosuppression by measuring intracellular calcium levels, Ca2+-regulating gene expression, and agonist-evoked proliferation of murine splenic T lymphocytes. Mice were randomly assigned to the control, sedentary group (C), and three experimental groups, which performed a single bout of intensive and exhaustive treadmill exercise. Murine splenic lymphocytes were separated by density-gradient centrifugation immediately (E0), 3h (E3), and 24h after exercise (E24). Fura-2/AM was used to monitor cytoplasmic free Ca2+ concentration in living cells. The combined method of carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFSE) labeling and flow cytometry was used for the detection of T cell proliferation. The transcriptional level of Ca2+-regulating genes was quantified by using qPCR. Both basal intracellular Ca2+ levels and agonist (ConA, OKT3, or thapsigargin)-induced Ca2+ transients were significantly elevated at E3 group (p<0.05 vs. control). However, mitogen-induced cell proliferation was significantly decreased at E3 group (p<0.05 vs. control). In parallel, the transcriptional level of plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPases (PMCA), sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPases (SERCA), TRPC1, and P2X7 was significantly downregulated, and the transcriptional level of IP3R2 and RyR2 was significantly upregulated in E3 (p<0.01 vs. control). In summary, this study demonstrated that acute exercise affected intracellular calcium homeostasis, most likely by enhancing transmembrane Ca2+ influx into cells and by reducing expression of Ca2+-ATPases such as PMCA and SERCA. However, altered Ca2+ signals were not transduced into an enhanced T cell proliferation suggesting other pathways to be responsible for the transient exercise-associated immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renyi Liu
- Department of Physical Education, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan, China.,Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy, Institute of Sports Science, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Karsten Krüger
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy, Institute of Sports Science, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Christian Pilat
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy, Institute of Sports Science, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Wei Fan
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Yu Xiao
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Michael Seimetz
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Lung Center (DZL), Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Robert Ringseis
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Eveline Baumgart-Vogt
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Klaus Eder
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Norbert Weissmann
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Lung Center (DZL), Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Frank Christoph Mooren
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany
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7
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Zhao M, Quintana A, Zhang C, Andreyev AY, Kiosses W, Kuwana T, Murphy A, Hogan PG, Kronenberg M. Calcium signals regulate the functional differentiation of thymic iNKT cells. EMBO J 2021; 40:e107901. [PMID: 34169542 PMCID: PMC8365263 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2021107901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
How natural or innate-like lymphocytes generate the capacity to produce IL-4 and other cytokines characteristic of type 2 immunity remains unknown. Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells differentiate in the thymus into NKT1, NKT2, and NKT17 subsets, similar to mature, peripheral CD4+ T helper cells. The mechanism for this differentiation was not fully understood. Here, we show that NKT2 cells required higher and prolonged calcium (Ca2+ ) signals and continuing activity of the calcium release-activated calcium (CRAC) channel, than their NKT1 counterparts. The sustained Ca2+ entry via CRAC pathway in NKT2 cells was apparently mediated by ORAI and controlled in part by the large mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake. Unique properties of mitochondria in NKT2 cells, including high activity of oxidative phosphorylation, may regulate mitochondrial Ca2+ buffering in NKT2 cells. In addition, the low Ca2+ extrusion rate may also contribute to the higher Ca2+ level in NKT2 cells. Altogether, we identified ORAI-dependent Ca2+ signaling connected with mitochondria and cellular metabolism, as a central regulatory pathway for the differentiation of NKT2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhao
- Division of Developmental ImmunologyLa Jolla Institute for ImmunologyLa JollaCAUSA
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology ProgramOklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOKUSA
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of Oklahoma Health Science CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA
| | - Ariel Quintana
- Division of Signaling and Gene ExpressionLa Jolla Institute for ImmunologyLa JollaCAUSA
- Translational Science DivisionClinical Science DepartmentMoffitt Cancer Center Magnolia CampusTampaFLUSA
| | - Chen Zhang
- Division of Signaling and Gene ExpressionLa Jolla Institute for ImmunologyLa JollaCAUSA
| | | | - William Kiosses
- Core MicroscopyLa Jolla Institute for ImmunologyLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Tomomi Kuwana
- Division of Immune RegulationLa Jolla Institute for ImmunologyLa JollaCAUSA
| | | | - Patrick G Hogan
- Division of Signaling and Gene ExpressionLa Jolla Institute for ImmunologyLa JollaCAUSA
- Moores Cancer CenterUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Mitchell Kronenberg
- Division of Developmental ImmunologyLa Jolla Institute for ImmunologyLa JollaCAUSA
- Division of Biological SciencesUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
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8
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Merino-Wong M, Niemeyer BA, Alansary D. Plasma Membrane Calcium ATPase Regulates Stoichiometry of CD4 + T-Cell Compartments. Front Immunol 2021; 12:687242. [PMID: 34093590 PMCID: PMC8175910 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.687242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune responses involve mobilization of T cells within naïve and memory compartments. Tightly regulated Ca2+ levels are essential for balanced immune outcomes. How Ca2+ contributes to regulating compartment stoichiometry is unknown. Here, we show that plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPase 4 (PMCA4) is differentially expressed in human CD4+ T compartments yielding distinct store operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) profiles. Modulation of PMCA4 yielded a more prominent increase of SOCE in memory than in naïve CD4+ T cell. Interestingly, downregulation of PMCA4 reduced the effector compartment fraction and led to accumulation of cells in the naïve compartment. In silico analysis and chromatin immunoprecipitation point towards Ying Yang 1 (YY1) as a transcription factor regulating PMCA4 expression. Analyses of PMCA and YY1 expression patterns following activation and of PMCA promoter activity following downregulation of YY1 highlight repressive role of YY1 on PMCA expression. Our findings show that PMCA4 adapts Ca2+ levels to cellular requirements during effector and quiescent phases and thereby represent a potential target to intervene with the outcome of the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dalia Alansary
- Molecular Biophysics, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
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9
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A calcium optimum for cytotoxic T lymphocyte and natural killer cell cytotoxicity. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2020; 115:10-18. [PMID: 33358089 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) and natural killer (NK) cells are required for host defense. They destroy malignant target cells like cancer cells. Among metal cations, Ca2+ plays a prescinded role for CTL and NK cytotoxicity as it is the only cation used as ubiquitous second messenger. Measuring intracellular Ca2+ concentrations [Ca2+]int in single cells has greatly changed our understanding of Ca2+ signaling. Yet, comparing the role of Ca2+ in the pre-[Ca2+]int and [Ca2+]int measurement era reveals that even in the pre-[Ca2+]int measurement era (before 1980), the functions of Ca2+ and some other metal cations for the cytotoxic immune response were well established. It was even shown that Ca2+ influx across the plasma membrane but not Ca2+ release from intracellular sources is relevant for lymphocyte cytotoxicity and that very little Ca2+ is needed for efficient lymphocyte cytotoxicity against cancer cells. In the [Ca2+]int measurement era after 1980, many of the important findings were better and more quantitatively refined and in addition the molecules important for Ca2+ transport were defined. The unexpected finding that there is a Ca2+ optimum of CTL and NK cell cytotoxicity deserves some attention and may be important for anti-cancer therapy.
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10
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Korthals M, Tech L, Langnaese K, Gottfried A, Hradsky J, Thomas U, Zenclussen AC, Brunner-Weinzierl MC, Tedford K, Fischer KD. Plasma membrane Ca 2+ ATPase 1 (PMCA1) but not PMCA4 is critical for B-cell development and Ca 2+ homeostasis in mice. Eur J Immunol 2020; 51:594-602. [PMID: 33098669 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202048654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The amplitude and duration of Ca2+ signaling is crucial for B-cell development and self-tolerance; however, the mechanisms for terminating Ca2+ signals in B cells have not been determined. In lymphocytes, plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPase (PMCA) isoforms 1 and 4 (PMCA1 and PMCA4, aka ATP2B1 and ATP2B4) are the main candidates for expelling Ca2+ from the cell through the plasma membrane. We report here that Pmca4 (Atp2b4) KO mice had normal B-cell development, while mice with a conditional KO of Pmca1 (Atp2b1) had greatly reduced numbers of B cells, particularly splenic follicular B cells, marginal zone B cells, and peritoneal B-1a cells. Mouse and naïve human B cells showed only PMCA1 expression and no PMCA4 by western blot, in contrast to T cells, which did express PMCA4. Calcium handling was normal in Pmca4-/- B cells, but Pmca1 KO B cells had elevated basal levels of Ca2+ , elevated levels in ER stores, and reduced Ca2+ clearance. These findings show that the PMCA1 isoform alone is required to ensure normal B-cell Ca2+ signaling and development, which may have implications for therapeutic targeting of PMCAs and Ca2+ in B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Korthals
- Institute for Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Laura Tech
- Institute for Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Kristina Langnaese
- Institute for Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anna Gottfried
- Institute for Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Hradsky
- Institute for Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Thomas
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ana Claudia Zenclussen
- Experimental Obstetrics and Gynecology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | | | - Kerry Tedford
- Institute for Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Klaus-Dieter Fischer
- Institute for Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
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11
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Bruce JIE, James AD. Targeting the Calcium Signalling Machinery in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092351. [PMID: 32825277 PMCID: PMC7565467 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is caused by excessive cell proliferation and a propensity to avoid cell death, while the spread of cancer is facilitated by enhanced cellular migration, invasion, and vascularization. Cytosolic Ca2+ is central to each of these important processes, yet to date, there are no cancer drugs currently being used clinically, and very few undergoing clinical trials, that target the Ca2+ signalling machinery. The aim of this review is to highlight some of the emerging evidence that targeting key components of the Ca2+ signalling machinery represents a novel and relatively untapped therapeutic strategy for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason I. E. Bruce
- Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-(0)-161-275-5484
| | - Andrew D. James
- Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK;
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12
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Barak P, Parekh AB. Signaling through Ca 2+ Microdomains from Store-Operated CRAC Channels. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2020; 12:cshperspect.a035097. [PMID: 31358516 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a035097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) ion microdomains are subcellular regions of high Ca2+ concentration that develop rapidly near open Ca2+ channels in the plasma membrane or internal stores and generate local regions of high Ca2+ concentration. These microdomains are remarkably versatile in that they activate a range of responses that differ enormously in both their temporal and spatial profile. In this review, we describe how Ca2+ microdomains generated by store-operated calcium channels, a widespread and conserved Ca2+ entry pathway, stimulate different signaling pathways, and how the spatial extent of a Ca2+ microdomain can be influenced by Ca2+ ATPase pumps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Barak
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics, Oxford University, Oxford OX1 3PT, United Kingdom
| | - Anant B Parekh
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics, Oxford University, Oxford OX1 3PT, United Kingdom
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13
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Husseini ZN, Hosseini Tafreshi SA, Aghaie P, Toghyani MA. CaCl 2 pretreatment improves gamma toxicity tolerance in microalga Chlorella vulgaris. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 192:110261. [PMID: 32018153 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The Chlorella vulgaris has been generally recognized as a promising microalgal model to study stress-related responses due to its ability to withstand against ionizing and non-ionizing radiation. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of CaCl2 pre-treatment at different concentrations on the responses of microalga C. vulgaris under gamma radiation toxicity. Changes in growth, physiological parameters and biochemical compositions of the algae pretreated with 0.17 (normal), 5, and 10 mM CaCl2 were analyzed under 300 Gy gamma irradiation and compared to those of gamma-free control. The results showed that parameters including specific growth rate, cell size, chlorophyll and protein contents, ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP), and the ratios of nucleic acid to protein negatively affected by gamma irradiation. All these parameters, except for the ratios of nucleic acid to protein significantly increased in the algae when pretreated with a CaCl2 content higher than normal concentration. The analysis also showed that parameters including catalase activity, proline, and carotenoid content, the level of lipid peroxidation, and electrolyte leakage (EL) significantly increased under gamma irradiation but not affected significantly under different CaCl2 pre-treatments. Additionally, specific growth rate, chlorophyll a and protein content, APX and SOD activity, FRAP, lipid peroxidation, electrolyte leakage, and the ratios of nucleic acid to protein were the only parameters that significantly affected by the interaction of gamma toxicity and CaCl2 pretreatment. Overall, the results suggested that regardless of the CaCl2 effect, the algal cells responded to gamma radiation more efficiently by increasing proline, carotenoids content, and CAT activity. More important, it was concluded that calcium had an essential role in modifying the detrimental effect of gamma toxicity on the algae mainly by increasing the activity of ascorbate peroxidase and superoxide dismutase and maintaining the reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) of the cells at a high level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab Naser Husseini
- Biotechnology Division, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran. 8731753153, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Hosseini Tafreshi
- Biotechnology Division, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran. 8731753153, Iran.
| | - Peyman Aghaie
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Payame Noor Universtiy, Po Box 19395-3697, Tehran, Iran
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14
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Yang PC, Jafri MS. Ca 2+ signaling in T lymphocytes: the interplay of the endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, membrane potential, and CRAC channels on transcription factor activation. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03526. [PMID: 32181396 PMCID: PMC7063158 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
T cell receptor stimulation initiates a cascade of reactions that cause an increase in intracellular calcium (Ca2+) concentration mediated through inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3). To understand the basic mechanisms by which the immune response in T cells is activated, it is useful to understand the signaling pathways that contain important targets for drugs in a quantitative fashion. A computational model helps us to understand how the selected elements in the pathways interact with each other, and which component plays the crucial role in systems. We have developed a mathematical model to explore the mechanism for controlling transcription factor activity, which regulates gene expression, by the modulation of calcium signaling triggered during T cell activation. The model simulates the activation and modulation of Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels by mitochondrial dynamics and depletion of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) store, and also includes membrane potential in T-cells. The model simulates the experimental finding that increases in Ca2+ current enhances the activation of transcription factors and the Ca2+ influx through CRAC is also essential for the NFAT and NFκB activation. The model also suggests that plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase (PMCA) controls a majority of the extrusion of Ca2+ and modulates the activation of CRAC channels. Furthermore, the model simulations explain how the complex interaction of the endoplasmic reticulum, membrane potential, mitochondria, and ion channels such as CRAC channels control T cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Chi Yang
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.,Krasnow Institute for Advanced Study and School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA
| | - M Saleet Jafri
- Krasnow Institute for Advanced Study and School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA.,Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 20201, USA
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15
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Arimilli S, Makena P, Prasad GL. Combustible Cigarette and Smokeless Tobacco Product Preparations Differentially Regulate Intracellular Calcium Mobilization in HL60 Cells. Inflammation 2020; 42:1641-1651. [PMID: 31190105 PMCID: PMC6719334 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-019-01025-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Changes in the level of intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) are central to leukocyte signaling and immune response. Although evidence suggests that cigarette smoking affects inflammatory response via an increase in intracellular calcium, it remains unclear if the use of smokeless tobacco (e.g., moist snuff) elicits a similar response. In this study, we evaluated the effects of tobacco product preparations (TPPs), including total particulate matter (TPM) from 3R4F reference cigarettes, smokeless tobacco extract (STE) from 2S3 reference moist snuff, and nicotine alone on Ca2+ mobilization in HL60 cells. Treatment with TPM, but not STE or nicotine alone, significantly increased [Ca2+]i in a concentration-dependent manner in HL60 cells. Moreover, TPM-induced [Ca2+]i increase was not related to extracellular Ca2+ and did not require the activation of the IP3 pathway nor involved the transient receptor potential (TRP) channels. Our findings indicate that, in cells having either intact or depleted endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ stores, TPM-mediated [Ca2+]i increase involves cytosolic Ca2+ pools other than thapsigargin-sensitive ER Ca2+ stores. These results, for the first time, demonstrate that TPM triggers [Ca2+]i increases, while significantly higher nicotine equivalent doses of STE or nicotine alone, did not affect [Ca2+]i under the experimental conditions. In summary, our study suggests that in contrast with STE or nicotine preparations, TPM activates Ca2+ signaling pathways in HL60 cells. The differential effect of combustible and non-combustible TPPs on Ca2+ mobilization could be a useful in vitro endpoint for tobacco product evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Arimilli
- Eurofins Lancaster Laboratories PSS, Winston-Salem, NC, 27105, USA
| | - P Makena
- RAI Services Company, Winston-Salem, NC, 27105, USA.
| | - G L Prasad
- RAI Services Company, Winston-Salem, NC, 27105, USA
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16
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Angenendt A, Steiner R, Knörck A, Schwär G, Konrad M, Krause E, Lis A. Orai, STIM, and PMCA contribute to reduced calcium signal generation in CD8 + T cells of elderly mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:3266-3286. [PMID: 32062611 PMCID: PMC7066920 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Ca2+ is a crucial second messenger for proper T cell function. Considering the relevance of Ca2+ signals for T cell functionality it is surprising that no mechanistic insights into T cell Ca2+ signals from elderly individuals are reported. The main Ca2+ entry mechanism in T cells are STIM-activated Orai channels. Their role during lymphocyte aging is completely unknown. Here, we report not only reduced Ca2+ signals in untouched and stimulated, but also in central and effector memory CD8+ T cells from elderly (18-24 months) compared to adult (3-6 months) mice. Two mechanisms contribute to the overall reduction in Ca2+ signals of CD8+ T cells of elderly mice: 1) Reduced Ca2+ currents through Orai channels due to decreased expressions of STIMs and Orais. 2) A faster extrusion of Ca2+ owing to an increased expression of PMCA4. The reduced Ca2+ signals correlated with a resistance of the cytotoxic efficiency of CD8+ T cells to varying free [Ca2+]ext with age. In summary, reduced STIM/Orai expression and increased Ca2+ clearing rates following enhanced PMCA4 expression contribute to reduced Ca2+ signals in CD8+ T cells of elderly mice. These changes are apparently relevant to immune function as they reduce the Ca2+ dependency of CTL cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Angenendt
- Biophysics, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg 66421, Germany
| | - Romy Steiner
- Biophysics, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg 66421, Germany.,Present address: Section of Transplantation Immunology, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Arne Knörck
- Biophysics, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg 66421, Germany
| | - Gertrud Schwär
- Biophysics, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg 66421, Germany
| | - Maik Konrad
- Molecular Biophysics, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg 66421, Germany
| | - Elmar Krause
- Cellular Neurophysiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg 66421, Germany
| | - Annette Lis
- Biophysics, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg 66421, Germany
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17
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Go CK, Hooper R, Aronson MR, Schultz B, Cangoz T, Nemani N, Zhang Y, Madesh M, Soboloff J. The Ca 2+ export pump PMCA clears near-membrane Ca 2+ to facilitate store-operated Ca 2+ entry and NFAT activation. Sci Signal 2019; 12:12/602/eaaw2627. [PMID: 31594854 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aaw2627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Ca2+ signals, which facilitate pluripotent changes in cell fate, reflect the balance between cation entry and export. We found that overexpression of either isoform of the Ca2+-extruding plasma membrane calcium ATPase 4 (PMCA4) pump in Jurkat T cells unexpectedly increased activation of the Ca2+-dependent transcription factor nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT). Coexpression of the endoplasmic reticulum-resident Ca2+ sensor stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) with the PMCA4b splice variant further enhanced NFAT activity; however, coexpression with PMCA4a depressed NFAT. No PMCA4 splice variant dependence in STIM1 association was observed, whereas partner of STIM1 (POST) preferentially associated with PMCA4b over PMCA4a, which enhanced, rather than inhibited, PMCA4 function. A comparison of global and near-membrane cytosolic Ca2+ abundances during store-operated Ca2+ entry revealed that PMCA4 markedly depressed near-membrane Ca2+ concentrations, particularly when PMCA4b was coexpressed with STIM1. PMCA4b closely associated with both POST and the store-operated Ca2+ channel Orai1. Furthermore, POST knockdown increased the near-membrane Ca2+ concentration, inhibiting the global cytosolic Ca2+ increase. These observations reveal an unexpected role for POST in coupling PMCA4 to Orai1 to promote Ca2+ entry during T cell activation through Ca2+ disinhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina K Go
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.,Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biochemistry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Robert Hooper
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.,Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biochemistry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Matthew R Aronson
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Bryant Schultz
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Taha Cangoz
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Neeharika Nemani
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biochemistry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Muniswamy Madesh
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biochemistry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Jonathan Soboloff
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA. .,Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biochemistry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
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18
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Friedmann KS, Bozem M, Hoth M. Calcium signal dynamics in T lymphocytes: Comparing in vivo and in vitro measurements. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2019; 94:84-93. [PMID: 30630031 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Amplitude and kinetics of intracellular Ca2+ signals ([Ca2+]int) determine many immune cell functions. To mimic in vivo changes of [Ca2+]int in human immune cells, two approaches may be best suited: 1) Analyze primary human immune cells taken from blood under conditions resembling best physiological or pathophysiological conditions. 2.) Analyze the immune system in vivo or ex vivo in explanted tissue from small vertebrate animals, such as mice. With the help of genetically encoded Ca2+ indicators and intravital microscopy, [Ca2+]int have been investigated in murine T lymphocytes (T cells) in vivo during the last five years and in explanted lymph node (LN) during the last 10 years. There are several important reasons to compare [Ca2+]int measured in primary murine T lymphocytes in vivo and in vitro with [Ca2+]int measured in primary human T lymphocytes in vitro. First, how do human and murine data compare? Second, how do in vivo and in vitro data compare? Third, can in vitro data predict in vivo data? The last point is particularly important considering the many technical challenges that limit in vivo measurements and to reduce the number of animals sacrificed. This review summarizes and compares the results of the available publications on in vivo and in vitro [Ca2+]int measurements in T lymphocytes stimulated focally by antigen-presenting cells (APC) after forming an immunological synapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim S Friedmann
- Department of Biophysics, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Monika Bozem
- Department of Biophysics, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Markus Hoth
- Department of Biophysics, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.
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19
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Tuning store-operated calcium entry to modulate Ca 2+-dependent physiological processes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2018; 1866:1037-1045. [PMID: 30521873 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2018.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The intracellular calcium signaling processes are tightly regulated to ensure the generation of calcium signals with the specific spatiotemporal characteristics required for regulating various cell functions. Compartmentalization of the molecular components involved in the generation of these signals at discrete intracellular sites ensures the signaling specificity and transduction fidelity of the signal for regulating downstream effector processes. Store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) is ubiquitously present in cells and is critical for essential cell functions in a variety of tissues. SOCE is mediated via plasma membrane Ca2+ channels that are activated when luminal [Ca2+] of the endoplasmic reticulum ([Ca2+]ER) is decreased. The ER-resident stromal interaction molecules, STIM1 and STIM2, respond to decreases in [Ca2+]ER by undergoing conformational changes that cause them to aggregate at the cell periphery in ER-plasma membrane (ER-PM) junctions. At these sites, STIM proteins recruit Orai1 channels and trigger their activation. Importantly, the two STIM proteins concertedly modulate Orai1 function as well as the sensitivity of SOCE to ER-Ca2+ store depletion. Another family of plasma membrane Ca2+ channels, known as the Transient Receptor Potential Canonical (TRPC) channels (TRPC1-7) also contribute to sustained [Ca2+]i elevation. Although Ca2+ signals generated by these channels overlap with those of Orai1, they regulate distinct functions in the cells. Importantly, STIM1 is also required for plasma membrane localization and activation of some TRPCs. In this review, we will discuss various molecular components and factors that govern the activation, regulation and modulation of the Ca2+ signal generated by Ca2+ entry pathways in response to depletion of ER-Ca2+ stores. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: ECS Meeting edited by Claus Heizmann, Joachim Krebs and Jacques Haiech.
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20
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Sillanpää JK, Sundh H, Sundell KS. Calcium transfer across the outer mantle epithelium in the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. Proc Biol Sci 2018; 285:20181676. [PMID: 30429301 PMCID: PMC6253367 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2018.1676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium transport is essential for bivalves to be able to build and maintain their shells. Ionized calcium (Ca2+) is taken up from the environment and eventually transported through the outer mantle epithelium (OME) to the shell growth area. However, the mechanisms behind this process are poorly understood. The objective of the present study was to characterize the Ca2+ transfer performed by the OME of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, as well as to develop an Ussing chamber technique for the functional assessment of transport activities in epithelia of marine bivalves. Kinetic studies revealed that the Ca2+ transfer across the OME consists of one saturable and one linear component, of which the saturable component fits best to Michaelis-Menten kinetics and is characterized by a Km of 6.2 mM and a Vmax of 3.3 nM min-1 The transcellular transfer of Ca2+ accounts for approximately 60% of the total Ca2+ transfer across the OME of C. gigas at environmental Ca2+ concentrations. The use of the pharmacological inhibitors: verapamil, ouabain and caloxin 1a1 revealed that voltage-gated Ca2+-channels, plasma-membrane Ca2+-ATPase and Na+/Ca2+-exchanger all participate in the transcellular Ca2+ transfer across the OME and a model for this Ca2+ transfer is presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kirsikka Sillanpää
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Swedish Mariculture Research Center, University of Gothenburg, Box 463, Gothenburg 40530, Sweden
| | - Henrik Sundh
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Swedish Mariculture Research Center, University of Gothenburg, Box 463, Gothenburg 40530, Sweden
| | - Kristina S Sundell
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Swedish Mariculture Research Center, University of Gothenburg, Box 463, Gothenburg 40530, Sweden
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21
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Eichinger P, Herrmann AM, Ruck T, Herty M, Gola L, Kovac S, Budde T, Meuth SG, Hundehege P. Human T cells in silico: Modelling dynamic intracellular calcium and its influence on cellular electrophysiology. J Immunol Methods 2018; 461:78-84. [PMID: 30158076 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2018.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A network of ion currents influences basic cellular T cell functions. After T cell receptor activation, changes in highly regulated calcium levels play a central role in triggering effector functions and cell differentiation. A dysregulation of these processes might be involved in the pathogenesis of several diseases. We present a mathematical model based on the NEURON simulation environment that computes dynamic calcium levels in combination with the current output of diverse ion channels (KV1.3, KCa3.1, K2P channels (TASK1-3, TRESK), VRAC, TRPM7, CRAC). In line with experimental data, the simulation shows a strong increase in intracellular calcium after T cell receptor stimulation before reaching a new, elevated calcium plateau in the T cell's activated state. Deactivation of single ion channel modules, mimicking the application of channel blockers, reveals that two types of potassium channels are the main regulators of intracellular calcium level: calcium-dependent potassium (KCa3.1) and two-pore-domain potassium (K2P) channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Eichinger
- Department of Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München TUM, Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander M Herrmann
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A1, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Tobias Ruck
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A1, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Michael Herty
- RWTH Aachen University, Mathematics (Continuous optimization), Templergraben 55, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Lukas Gola
- Department of Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München TUM, Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Stjepana Kovac
- Department of Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München TUM, Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Budde
- Institute of Physiology I, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 27a, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Sven G Meuth
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A1, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Petra Hundehege
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A1, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany.
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22
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A complex of Neuroplastin and Plasma Membrane Ca 2+ ATPase controls T cell activation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8358. [PMID: 28827723 PMCID: PMC5566957 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08519-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The outcome of T cell activation is determined by mechanisms that balance Ca2+ influx and clearance. Here we report that murine CD4 T cells lacking Neuroplastin (Nptn -/-), an immunoglobulin superfamily protein, display elevated cytosolic Ca2+ and impaired post-stimulation Ca2+ clearance, along with increased nuclear levels of NFAT transcription factor and enhanced T cell receptor-induced cytokine production. On the molecular level, we identified plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPases (PMCAs) as the main interaction partners of Neuroplastin. PMCA levels were reduced by over 70% in Nptn -/- T cells, suggesting an explanation for altered Ca2+ handling. Supporting this, Ca2+ extrusion was impaired while Ca2+ levels in internal stores were increased. T cells heterozygous for PMCA1 mimicked the phenotype of Nptn -/- T cells. Consistent with sustained Ca2+ levels, differentiation of Nptn -/- T helper cells was biased towards the Th1 versus Th2 subset. Our study thus establishes Neuroplastin-PMCA modules as important regulators of T cell activation.
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23
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Maccari I, Zhao R, Peglow M, Schwarz K, Hornak I, Pasche M, Quintana A, Hoth M, Qu B, Rieger H. Cytoskeleton rotation relocates mitochondria to the immunological synapse and increases calcium signals. Cell Calcium 2016; 60:309-321. [PMID: 27451384 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2016.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Revised: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Ca2+ microdomains and spatially resolved Ca2+ signals are highly relevant for cell function. In T cells, local Ca2+ signaling at the immunological synapse (IS) is required for downstream effector functions. We present experimental evidence that the relocation of the MTOC towards the IS during polarization drags mitochondria along with the microtubule network. From time-lapse fluorescence microscopy we conclude that mitochondria rotate together with the cytoskeleton towards the IS. We hypothesize that this movement of mitochondria towards the IS together with their functionality of absorption and spatial redistribution of Ca2+ is sufficient to significantly increase the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration. To test this hypothesis we developed a whole cell model for Ca2+ homoeostasis involving specific geometries for mitochondria and use the model to calculate the spatial distribution of Ca2+ concentrations within the cell body as a function of the rotation angle and the distance from the IS. We find that an inhomogeneous distribution of PMCA pumps on the cell membrane, in particular an accumulation of PMCA at the IS, increases the global Ca2+ concentration and decreases the local Ca2+ concentration at the IS with decreasing distance of the MTOC from the IS. Unexpectedly, a change of CRAC/Orai activity is not required to explain the observed Ca2+ changes. We conclude that rotation-driven relocation of the MTOC towards the IS together with an accumulation of PMCA pumps at the IS are sufficient to control the observed Ca2+ dynamics in T-cells during polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Maccari
- Theoretical Physics, Saarland University, 66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Renping Zhao
- Biophysics, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine (CIPMM), School of Medicine, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Martin Peglow
- Theoretical Physics, Saarland University, 66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Karsten Schwarz
- Theoretical Physics, Saarland University, 66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Ivan Hornak
- Theoretical Physics, Saarland University, 66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Mathias Pasche
- Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine (CIPMM), School of Medicine, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Ariel Quintana
- Biophysics, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine (CIPMM), School of Medicine, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Markus Hoth
- Biophysics, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine (CIPMM), School of Medicine, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany.
| | - Bin Qu
- Biophysics, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine (CIPMM), School of Medicine, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Heiko Rieger
- Theoretical Physics, Saarland University, 66041 Saarbrücken, Germany.
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24
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Supper V, Schiller HB, Paster W, Forster F, Boulègue C, Mitulovic G, Leksa V, Ohradanova-Repic A, Machacek C, Schatzlmaier P, Zlabinger GJ, Stockinger H. Association of CD147 and Calcium Exporter PMCA4 Uncouples IL-2 Expression from Early TCR Signaling. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 196:1387-99. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1501889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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25
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Lin W, Suo Y, Deng Y, Fan Z, Zheng Y, Wei X, Chu Y. Morphological change of CD4(+) T cell during contact with DC modulates T-cell activation by accumulation of F-actin in the immunology synapse. BMC Immunol 2015; 16:49. [PMID: 26306899 PMCID: PMC4549951 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-015-0108-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The changes in T-cell morphology during immunological synapse (IS) formation are essential for T-cell activation. Previous researches have shown that T cell changed from spherical to elongated and/or flattened during in contact with B cell. As most powerful antigen presenting cell, dendritic cell (DC) has a strong ability to activate T cells. However, the morphological change of T cell which contacts DC and the relationship between morphological change and T-cell activation are not very clear. Thus, we studied the morphological change of CD4(+) T cell during contact with DC. RESULTS Using live-cell imaging, we discovered diversity in the T-cell morphological changes during contact with DCs. The elongation-flattening of CD4(+) T cells correlated with a low-level Ca(2+) response and a loss of T-cell receptor (TCR) signalling molecules in the IS, including zeta-chain associated protein kinase 70 (ZAP-70), phospholipase C-γ (PLC-γ) and protein kinase C-θ (PKC-θ), whereas rounding-flattening correlated with sufficient CD4(+) T-cell activation. Different morphological changes were correlated with the different amount of accumulated filamentous actin (F-actin) in the IS. Disruption of F-actin by cytochalasin D impaired the morphological change and the localisation of calcium microdomains in the IS and decreased the calcium response in CD4(+) T cells. CONCLUSION Our study discovered the diversity in morphological change of T cells during contacted with DCs. During this process, the different morphological changes of T cells modulate T-cell activation by the different amount of F-actin accumulation in the IS, which controls the distribution of calcium microdomains to affect T-cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lin
- Department of Immunology and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of MOE/MOH, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Biotherapy Research Centre, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yuanzhen Suo
- Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Yuting Deng
- Department of Immunology and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of MOE/MOH, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Biotherapy Research Centre, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhichao Fan
- Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Yijie Zheng
- Department of Immunology and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of MOE/MOH, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Biotherapy Research Centre, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xunbin Wei
- Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China.
| | - Yiwei Chu
- Department of Immunology and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of MOE/MOH, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Biotherapy Research Centre, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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26
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Abstract
The regulatory protein STIM1 controls gating of the Ca(2+) channel ORAI1 by a direct protein-protein interaction. Because STIM1 is anchored in the ER membrane and ORAI1 is in the plasma membrane, the STIM-ORAI pathway can support Ca(2+) influx only where the two membranes come into close apposition, effectively demarcating a microdomain for Ca(2+) signalling. This review begins with a brief summary of the STIM-ORAI pathway of store-operated Ca(2+) influx, then turns to the special geometry of the STIM-ORAI microdomain and the expected characteristics of the microdomain Ca(2+) signal. A final section of the review seeks to place the STIM-ORAI microdomain into a broader context of cellular Ca(2+) signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick G Hogan
- La Jolla Institute for Allergy & Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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27
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Christo SN, Diener KR, Hayball JD. The functional contribution of calcium ion flux heterogeneity in T cells. Immunol Cell Biol 2015; 93:694-704. [PMID: 25823995 DOI: 10.1038/icb.2015.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Revised: 02/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The role of intracellular calcium ion oscillations in T-cell physiology is being increasingly appreciated by studies that describe how unique temporal and spatial calcium ion signatures can control different signalling pathways. Within this review, we provide detailed mechanisms of calcium ion oscillations, and emphasise the pivotal role that calcium signalling plays in directing crucial events pertaining to T-cell functionality. We also describe methods of calcium ion quantification, and take the opportunity to discuss how a deeper understanding of calcium signalling combined with new detection and quantification methodologies can be used to better design immunotherapies targeting T-cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan N Christo
- Experimental Therapeutics Laboratory, Sansom Institute and Hanson Institute, School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Kerrilyn R Diener
- Experimental Therapeutics Laboratory, Sansom Institute and Hanson Institute, School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Robinson Research Institute, School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - John D Hayball
- Experimental Therapeutics Laboratory, Sansom Institute and Hanson Institute, School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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28
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Pászty K, Caride AJ, Bajzer Ž, Offord CP, Padányi R, Hegedűs L, Varga K, Strehler EE, Enyedi A. Plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPases can shape the pattern of Ca2+transients induced by store-operated Ca2+entry. Sci Signal 2015; 8:ra19. [DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2005672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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29
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Pharmacological dose of melatonin reduces cytosolic calcium load in response to cholecystokinin in mouse pancreatic acinar cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2014; 397:75-86. [PMID: 25084987 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-014-2174-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular Ca(2+) overload has been considered a common pathological precursor of pancreatic injury. In this study, the effects of melatonin on Ca(2+) mobilization induced by cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8) in freshly isolated mouse pancreatic acinar cells have been examined. Changes in intracellular free Ca(2+) concentration were followed by single cell fluorimetry. For this purpose, cells were loaded with the Ca(2+)-sensitive fluorescent dye fura-2-acetoxymethyl ester. In order to evaluate the contribution of Ca(2+) transport at the plasma membrane, at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) or at the mitochondria, cells were incubated with CCK-8 alone or in combination with LaCl3, thapsigargin (Tps), or FCCP to, respectively, uncouple Ca(2+) transport at these localizations. The experiments were performed in the absence or in the presence of melatonin in combination with the stimuli mentioned. Our results show that the total Ca(2+) mobilization evoked by CCK-8 was attenuated by a 30% in the presence of 100 µM melatonin compared with the responses induced by CCK-8 alone. Upon inhibition of Ca(2+) transport into the ER by Tps, Ca(2+) mobilization was also reduced in the presence of melatonin. In the presence of LaCl3 plus melatonin, the total Ca(2+) mobilization induced by CCK-8 was significantly decreased, compared with the response obtained without melatonin but in the presence of LaCl3. No major differences were found when the cells were incubated with CCK-8 or Tps alone or in combination with LaCl3 plus melatonin and FCCP, compared with the responses obtained in the absence of FCCP. The initial Ca(2+) release from intracellular stores evoked by CCK-8 or Tps was not significantly reduced in the presence of melatonin. The effect of melatonin could be explained on the basis of a stimulated Ca(2+) transport out of the cell through the plasma membrane and by a stimulation of Ca(2+) reuptake into the ER. Accumulation of Ca(2+) into mitochondria might not be a major mechanism stimulated by melatonin. We conclude that melatonin alleviates intracellular Ca(2+) accumulation, a situation potentially leading to cell damage in the exocrine pancreas.
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30
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Alansary D, Kilch T, Holzmann C, Peinelt C, Hoth M, Lis A. The minimal requirements to use calcium imaging to analyze ICRAC. Cold Spring Harb Protoc 2014; 2014:638-42. [PMID: 24890204 DOI: 10.1101/pdb.prot073262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Endogenous calcium release-activated channel (CRAC) currents are usually quite small and not always easy to measure using the patch-clamp technique. While we have, for instance, successfully recorded very small CRAC currents in primary human effector T cells, we have not yet managed to record CRAC in naïve primary human T cells. Many groups, including ours, therefore use Ca(2+) imaging technologies to analyze CRAC-dependent Ca(2+) influx. However, Ca(2+) signals are quite complex and depend on many different transporter activities; thus, it is not trivial to make quantitative statements about one single transporter, in this case CRAC channels. Therefore, a detailed patch-clamp analysis of ICRAC is always preferred. Since many laboratories use Ca(2+) imaging for ICRAC analysis, we detail here the minimal requirements for reliable measurements. Ca(2+) signals not only depend on the net Ca(2+) influx through CRAC channels but also depend on other Ca(2+) influx mechanisms, K(+) channels or Cl(-) channels (which determine the membrane potential), Ca(2+) export mechanisms like plasma membrane Ca(2+) ATPase (PMCA), sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) ATPase (SERCA) or Na(+)-Ca(2+) exchangers, and (local) Ca(2+) buffering often by mitochondria. In this protocol, we summarize a set of experiments that allow (quantitative) statements about CRAC channel activity using Ca(2+) imaging experiments, including the ability to rule out Ca(2+) signals from other sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Alansary
- Department of Biophysics, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Tatiana Kilch
- Department of Biophysics, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Markus Hoth
- Department of Biophysics, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Annette Lis
- Department of Biophysics, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
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31
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Srikanth S, Gwack Y. Molecular regulation of the pore component of CRAC channels, Orai1. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2014; 71:181-207. [PMID: 23890116 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-407870-3.00008-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) is a fundamental mechanism ubiquitously employed by cells to elevate intracellular Ca(2+) concentrations ([Ca(2+)]i). Increased intracellular Ca(2+) ions act as a second messenger that can stimulate a variety of downstream signaling pathways affecting proliferation, secretion, differentiation, and death of cells. In immune cells, immune receptor stimulation induces endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) store depletion that subsequently activates Ca(2+)-release-activated-Ca(2+) (CRAC) channels, a prototype of store-operated Ca(2+) (SOC) channels. Identification of Orai1 as the pore subunit of CRAC channels has provided the much-needed molecular tool to dissect the mechanism of activation and regulation of these channels. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in understanding the regulatory mechanisms and posttranslational modifications that regulate diverse aspects of CRAC channel function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonal Srikanth
- Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
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32
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Penniston JT, Padányi R, Pászty K, Varga K, Hegedus L, Enyedi A. Apart from its known function, the plasma membrane Ca²⁺ATPase can regulate Ca²⁺ signaling by controlling phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate levels. J Cell Sci 2013; 127:72-84. [PMID: 24198396 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.132548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma membrane Ca(2+) ATPases (PMCAs, also known as ATP2B1-ATP2B4) are known targets of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate [PtdIns(4,5)P₂], but if and how they control the PtdIns(4,5)P₂ pool has not been considered. We demonstrate here that PMCAs protect PtdIns(4,5)P₂ in the plasma membrane from hydrolysis by phospholipase C (PLC). Comparison of active and inactive PMCAs indicates that the protection operates by two mechanisms; one requiring active PMCAs, the other not. It appears that the mechanism requiring activity is the removal of the Ca(2+) required for sustained PLC activity, whereas the mechanism not requiring activity is PtdIns(4,5)P₂ binding. We show that in PMCA overexpressing cells, PtdIns(4,5)P₂ binding can lead to less inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (InsP₃) and diminished Ca(2+) release from intracellular Ca(2+) pools. Inspection of a homology model of PMCA suggests that PMCAs have a conserved cluster of basic residues forming a 'blue collar' at the interface between the membrane core and the cytoplasmic domains. By molecular dynamics simulation, we found that the blue collar forms four binding pockets for the phosphorylated inositol head group of PtdIns(4,5)P₂; these pockets bind PtdIns(4,5)P₂ strongly and frequently. Our studies suggest that by having the ability to bind PtdIns(4,5)P₂, PMCAs can control the accessibility of PtdIns(4,5)P₂ for PLC and other PtdIns(4,5)P₂-mediated processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- John T Penniston
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-1025 Budapest, Hungary
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33
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Schmeitz C, Hernandez-Vargas EA, Fliegert R, Guse AH, Meyer-Hermann M. A mathematical model of T lymphocyte calcium dynamics derived from single transmembrane protein properties. Front Immunol 2013; 4:277. [PMID: 24065966 PMCID: PMC3776162 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2013.00277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Fate decision processes of T lymphocytes are crucial for health and disease. Whether a T lymphocyte is activated, divides, gets anergic, or initiates apoptosis depends on extracellular triggers and intracellular signaling. Free cytosolic calcium dynamics plays an important role in this context. The relative contributions of store-derived calcium entry and calcium entry from extracellular space to T lymphocyte activation are still a matter of debate. Here we develop a quantitative mathematical model of T lymphocyte calcium dynamics in order to establish a tool which allows to disentangle cause-effect relationships between ion fluxes and observed calcium time courses. The model is based on single transmembrane protein characteristics which have been determined in independent experiments. This reduces the number of unknown parameters in the model to a minimum and ensures the predictive power of the model. Simulation results are subsequently used for an analysis of whole cell calcium dynamics measured under various experimental conditions. The model accounts for a variety of these conditions, which supports the suitability of the modeling approach. The simulation results suggest a model in which calcium dynamics dominantly relies on the opening of channels in calcium stores while calcium entry through calcium-release activated channels (CRAC) is more associated with the maintenance of the T lymphocyte calcium levels and prevents the cell from calcium depletion. Our findings indicate that CRAC guarantees a long-term stable calcium level which is required for cell survival and sustained calcium enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Schmeitz
- Department of Systems Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | | | - Ralf Fliegert
- The Calcium Signalling Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas H. Guse
- The Calcium Signalling Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Meyer-Hermann
- Department of Systems Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
- Department of Life Sciences, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
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34
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Joseph N, Reicher B, Barda-Saad M. The calcium feedback loop and T cell activation: how cytoskeleton networks control intracellular calcium flux. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2013; 1838:557-68. [PMID: 23860253 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2013.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Revised: 06/30/2013] [Accepted: 07/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
During T cell activation, the engagement of a T cell with an antigen-presenting cell (APC) results in rapid cytoskeletal rearrangements and a dramatic increase of intracellular calcium (Ca(2+)) concentration, downstream to T cell antigen receptor (TCR) ligation. These events facilitate the organization of an immunological synapse (IS), which supports the redistribution of receptors, signaling molecules and organelles towards the T cell-APC interface to induce downstream signaling events, ultimately supporting T cell effector functions. Thus, Ca(2+) signaling and cytoskeleton rearrangements are essential for T cell activation and T cell-dependent immune response. Rapid release of Ca(2+) from intracellular stores, e.g. the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), triggers the opening of Ca(2+) release-activated Ca(2+) (CRAC) channels, residing in the plasma membrane. These channels facilitate a sustained influx of extracellular Ca(2+) across the plasma membrane in a process termed store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE). Because CRAC channels are themselves inhibited by Ca(2+) ions, additional factors are suggested to enable the sustained Ca(2+) influx required for T cell function. Among these factors, we focus here on the contribution of the actin and microtubule cytoskeleton. The TCR-mediated increase in intracellular Ca(2+) evokes a rapid cytoskeleton-dependent polarization, which involves actin cytoskeleton rearrangements and microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) reorientation. Here, we review the molecular mechanisms of Ca(2+) flux and cytoskeletal rearrangements, and further describe the way by which the cytoskeletal networks feedback to Ca(2+) signaling by controlling the spatial and temporal distribution of Ca(2+) sources and sinks, modulating TCR-dependent Ca(2+) signals, which are required for an appropriate T cell response. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Reciprocal influences between cell cytoskeleton and membrane channels, receptors and transporters. Guest Editor: Jean Claude Hervé.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah Joseph
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Barak Reicher
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Mira Barda-Saad
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel.
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35
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Bandara S, Malmersjö S, Meyer T. Regulators of calcium homeostasis identified by inference of kinetic model parameters from live single cells perturbed by siRNA. Sci Signal 2013; 6:ra56. [PMID: 23838183 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2003649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Assigning molecular functions and revealing dynamic connections between large numbers of partially characterized proteins in regulatory networks are challenges in systems biology. We showed that functions of signaling proteins can be discovered with a differential equations model of the underlying signaling process to extract specific molecular parameter values from single-cell, time-course measurements. By analyzing the effects of 250 small interfering RNAs on Ca(2+) signals in single cells over time, we identified parameters that were specifically altered in the Ca(2+) regulatory system. Analysis of the screen confirmed known functions of the Ca(2+) sensors STIM1 (stromal interaction molecule 1) and calmodulin and of Ca(2+) channels and pumps localized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) or plasma membrane. Furthermore, we showed that the Alzheimer's disease-linked protein presenilin-2 and the channel protein ORAI2 prevented overload of ER Ca(2+) and that feedback from Ca(2+) to phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase and PLCδ (phospholipase Cδ) may regulate the abundance of the plasma membrane lipid PI(4,5)P2 (phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate) to control Ca(2+) extrusion. Thus, functions of signaling proteins and dynamic regulatory connections can be identified by extracting molecular parameter values from single-cell, time-course data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Bandara
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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Abstract
Cytoplasmic Ca(2+) is an universal intracellular messenger that activates cellular responses over a broad temporal range, from neurotransmitter release to cell growth and proliferation. Inherent to the use of the multifarious Ca(2+) signal is the question of specificity: how can some Ca(2+)-dependent responses be activated in a cell and not others? A rise in cytoplasmic Ca(2+) can evoke a response either by binding directly to the target (as occurs with certain Ca(2+)-activated K(+) and Cl(-) channels, for example) or through recruitment of intermediary proteins, such as calmodulin and troponin C. A substantial body of evidence has now established that Ca(2+)-binding proteins differ both in their affinities for Ca(2+) and in their on- and off-rates for Ca(2+) binding/unbinding. Furthermore, different Ca(2+)-binding proteins often occupy distinct locations within the cell. Therefore, the size, kinetics and spatial profile of a cytoplasmic Ca(2+) signal are all important in determining which Ca(2+)-dependent response will be activated, when and for how long.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pulak Kar
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics; University of Oxford; Oxford, UK
| | - Anant Parekh
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics; University of Oxford; Oxford, UK
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Liu L, Pan D, Zeng X, Li H. Effect of selenium-enriched exopolysaccharide produced by Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis on signaling molecules in mouse spleen lymphocytes. Food Funct 2013; 4:1489-95. [DOI: 10.1039/c3fo60216h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Carreras-Sureda A, Cantero-Recasens G, Rubio-Moscardo F, Kiefer K, Peinelt C, Niemeyer BA, Valverde MA, Vicente R. ORMDL3 modulates store-operated calcium entry and lymphocyte activation. Hum Mol Genet 2012; 22:519-30. [PMID: 23100328 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/dds450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
T lymphocytes rely on a Ca(2+) signal known as store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) for their activation. This Ca(2+) signal is generated by activation of a T-cell receptor, depletion of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca(2+) stores and activation of Ca(2+) release-activated Ca(2+) currents (I(CRAC)). Here, we report that the ER protein orosomucoid like 3 (ORMDL3), the product of the ORMDL3 gene associated with several autoimmune and/or inflammatory diseases, negatively modulates I(CRAC), SOCE, nuclear factor of activated T cells nuclear translocation and interleukin-2 production. ORMDL3 inhibits the Ca(2+) influx mechanism at the outer mitochondrial membrane, resulting in a Ca(2+)-dependent inhibition of I(CRAC) and reduced SOCE. The effect of ORMDL3 could be mimicked by interventions that decreased mitochondrial Ca(2+) influx and reverted by buffering of cytosolic Ca(2+) or activation of mitochondrial Ca(2+) influx. In conclusion, ORMDL3 modifies key steps in the process of T-lymphocyte activation, providing a functional link between the genetic associations of the ORMDL3 gene with autoimmune and/or inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amado Carreras-Sureda
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology and Channelopathies, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona 08003, Spain
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Abstract
Store-operated Ca(2+) (SOC) entry is one of the major mechanisms to raise intracellular Ca(2+) concentration in non-excitable cells. Ca(2+)-release-activated Ca(2+) (CRAC) channels are a subtype of SOC channels that are extensively characterized in immune cells. Identification of STIM1 as an endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) sensor and Orai1 as the pore subunit has dramatically advanced the molecular understanding of CRAC channels. Recent efforts have focused on understanding the physiological aspects of CRAC channels at an organism level using transgenic animal models and at a molecular level using electrophysiological and biochemical tools. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of the interacting partners of Orai and STIM proteins in the regulation of CRAC channel activity and other non-CRAC channel-related functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonal Srikanth
- Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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Ritchie MF, Samakai E, Soboloff J. STIM1 is required for attenuation of PMCA-mediated Ca2+ clearance during T-cell activation. EMBO J 2012; 31:1123-33. [PMID: 22246182 DOI: 10.1038/emboj.2011.495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2011] [Accepted: 12/12/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
T-cell activation involves a complex signalling cascade uniquely dependent on elevated cytosolic Ca(2+) levels. Further, the spatiotemporal characteristics of this Ca(2+) signal play a critical role in this process via selective activation of transcription factors. In T cells, store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCe) is the primary Ca(2+) influx pathway; however, cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration depends upon the balance between Ca(2+) influx and extrusion. The plasma membrane Ca(2+) ATPase (PMCA) has previously been identified as a critical player in Ca(2+) clearance in T cells. Here, we provide data revealing both functional and physical links between the activation of stromal interacting molecule 1 (STIM1) and PMCA-mediated Ca(2+) clearance. Due to the ubiquitous expression of both STIM1 and PMCA, these findings have wide-ranging implications for Ca(2+) signalling in multiple cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael F Ritchie
- Department of Biochemistry, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
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POST, partner of stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1), targets STIM1 to multiple transporters. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011; 108:19234-9. [PMID: 22084111 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1117231108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Specialized proteins in the plasma membrane, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and mitochondria tightly regulate intracellular calcium. A unique mechanism called store-operated calcium entry is activated when ER calcium is depleted, serving to restore intra-ER calcium levels. An ER calcium sensor, stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1), translocates within the ER membrane upon store depletion to the juxtaplasma membrane domain, where it interacts with intracellular domains of a highly calcium-selective plasma membrane ion channel, Orai1. STIM1 gates Orai1, allowing calcium to enter the cytoplasm, where it repletes the ER store via calcium-ATPases pumps. Here, we performed affinity purification of Orai1 from Jurkat cells to identify partner of STIM1 (POST), a 10-transmembrane-spanning segment protein of unknown function. The protein is located in the plasma membrane and ER. POST-Orai1 binding is store depletion-independent. On store depletion, the protein binds STIM1 and moves within the ER to localize near the cell membrane. This protein, TMEM20 (POST), does not affect store-operated calcium entry but does reduce plasma membrane Ca(2+) pump activity. Store depletion promotes STIM1-POST complex binding to smooth ER and plasma membrane Ca(2+) ATPases (SERCAs and PMCAs, respectively), Na/K-ATPase, as well as to the nuclear transporters, importins-β and exportins.
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42
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High-dose glucocorticoids induce decreases calcium in hypothalamus neurons via plasma membrane Ca2+ pumps. Neuroreport 2011; 22:660-3. [DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0b013e32834a282a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Calcium microdomains at the immunological synapse: how ORAI channels, mitochondria and calcium pumps generate local calcium signals for efficient T-cell activation. EMBO J 2011; 30:3895-912. [PMID: 21847095 DOI: 10.1038/emboj.2011.289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2010] [Accepted: 07/19/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell polarization enables restriction of signalling into microdomains. Polarization of lymphocytes following formation of a mature immunological synapse (IS) is essential for calcium-dependent T-cell activation. Here, we analyse calcium microdomains at the IS with total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy. We find that the subplasmalemmal calcium signal following IS formation is sufficiently low to prevent calcium-dependent inactivation of ORAI channels. This is achieved by localizing mitochondria close to ORAI channels. Furthermore, we find that plasma membrane calcium ATPases (PMCAs) are re-distributed into areas beneath mitochondria, which prevented PMCA up-modulation and decreased calcium export locally. This nano-scale distribution-only induced following IS formation-maximizes the efficiency of calcium influx through ORAI channels while it decreases calcium clearance by PMCA, resulting in a more sustained NFAT activity and subsequent activation of T cells.
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Ma HT, Beaven MA. Regulators of Ca(2+) signaling in mast cells: potential targets for treatment of mast cell-related diseases? ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2011; 716:62-90. [PMID: 21713652 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-9533-9_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A calcium signal is essential for degranulation, generation of eicosanoids and optimal production of cytokines in mast cells in response to antigen and other stimulants. The signal is initiated by phospholipase C-mediated production of inositol1,4,5-trisphosphate resulting in release of stored Ca(2+) from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi. Depletion of these stores activates influx of extracellular Ca(2+), usually referred to as store-operated calcium entry (SOCE), through the interaction of the Ca(2+)-sensor, stromal interacting molecule-1 (STIM1 ), in ER with Orai1(CRACM1) and transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channel proteins in the plasma membrane (PM). This interaction is enabled by microtubular-directed reorganization of ER to form ER/PM contact points or "punctae" in which STIM1 and channel proteins colocalize. The ensuing influx of Ca(2+) replenishes Ca(2+) stores and sustains elevated levels of cytosolic Ca(2+) ions-the obligatory signal for mast-cell activation. In addition, the signal can acquire spatial and dynamic characteristics (e.g., calcium puffs, waves, oscillations) that encode signals for specific functional outputs. This is achieved by coordinated regulation of Ca(2+) fluxes through ATP-dependent Ca(2+)-pumps and ion exchangers in mitochondria, ER and PM. As discussed in this chapter, studies in mast cells revealed much about the mechanisms described above but little about allergic and autoimmune diseases although studies in other types of cells have exposed genetic defects that lead to aberrant calcium signaling in immune diseases. Pharmacologic agents that inhibit or activate the regulatory components of calcium signaling in mast cells are also discussed along with the prospects for development of novel SOCE inhibitors that may prove beneficial in the treatment inflammatory mast-cell related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Tao Ma
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Rivera-Barreno R, Castillo-Vaquero AD, Salido GM, Gonzalez A. Effect of cinnamtannin B-1 on cholecystokinin-8-evoked responses in mouse pancreatic acinar cells. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2010; 37:980-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.2010.05424.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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46
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Feldman B, Fedida-Metula S, Nita J, Sekler I, Fishman D. Coupling of mitochondria to store-operated Ca(2+)-signaling sustains constitutive activation of protein kinase B/Akt and augments survival of malignant melanoma cells. Cell Calcium 2010; 47:525-37. [PMID: 20605628 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2010.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2009] [Revised: 05/04/2010] [Accepted: 05/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are emerging as a major hub for cellular Ca(2+)-signaling, though their contribution to Ca(2+)-driven growth- and survival-promoting events in cancer is poorly understood. Here employing flow cytometry to monitor mitochondrial and cytosolic Ca(2+), we assessed trans-mitochondrial Ca(2+)-transport and store-operated Ca(2+)-influx (store-operated channels (SOC)) in malignant vs. non-malignant B16BL6 melanoma clones. Remarkably, mitochondrial Ca(2+)-fluxes measured in whole cells or in isolated mitochondria were accelerated in the malignant clones compared to their non-malignant counterpart clones. This coincided with enhanced SOC-mediated Ca(2+)-influx and high levels of constitutively active protein kinase B/Akt (PKB). Interruption of trans-mitochondrial Ca(2+)-transport in the malignant cells with an antagonist of the mitochondrial Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger, CGP-37157, abolsihed SOC-mediated Ca(2+)-influx, inactivated PKB, retarded cell growth and increased vulnerability to apoptosis. Similarly, direct SOC blockade by silencing Stim1 inhibited PKB, indicating that the crosstalk between SOC and mitochondria is essential to preserve PKB in constitutively active state. Finally, the retraction of mitochondria from sub-plasmalemmal micro-domains triggered by Fis1 over-expression inhibited SOC-coupled trans-mitochondrial Ca(2+)-flux, Ca(2+)-entry via SOC and PKB activity. Taken together, our data show that in the malignant melanoma cells, the functional and spatial relationship of up-regulated mitochondrial Ca(2+)-transport to the SOC sustains the robust Ca(2+)-responses and down-stream signaling critical for apoptosis-resistance and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Feldman
- Department of Morphology, Ben-Gurion University Cancer Research Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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Hogan PG, Lewis RS, Rao A. Molecular basis of calcium signaling in lymphocytes: STIM and ORAI. Annu Rev Immunol 2010; 28:491-533. [PMID: 20307213 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.immunol.021908.132550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 589] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Ca(2+) entry into cells of the peripheral immune system occurs through highly Ca(2+)-selective channels known as CRAC (calcium release-activated calcium) channels. CRAC channels are a very well-characterized example of store-operated Ca(2+) channels, so designated because they open when the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca(2+) store becomes depleted. Physiologically, Ca(2+) is released from the ER lumen into the cytoplasm when activated receptors couple to phospholipase C and trigger production of the second messenger inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP(3)). IP(3) binds to IP(3) receptors in the ER membrane and activates Ca(2+) release. The proteins STIM and ORAI were discovered through limited and genome-wide RNAi screens, respectively, performed in Drosophila cells and focused on identifying modulators of store-operated Ca(2+) entry. STIM1 and STIM2 sense the depletion of ER Ca(2+) stores, whereas ORAI1 is a pore subunit of the CRAC channel. In this review, we discuss selected aspects of Ca(2+) signaling in cells of the immune system, focusing on the roles of STIM and ORAI proteins in store-operated Ca(2+) entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick G Hogan
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Immune Disease Institute, Children's Hospital Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
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48
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Covington ED, Wu MM, Lewis RS. Essential role for the CRAC activation domain in store-dependent oligomerization of STIM1. Mol Biol Cell 2010; 21:1897-907. [PMID: 20375143 PMCID: PMC2877647 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e10-02-0145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Oligomerization of the ER Ca2+ sensor, STIM1, is the key triggering step in the activation of store-operated Ca channels. We show that the cytosolic CRAC activation domain, previously known only for its role in binding to and activating Orai1 channels, is also required for stable STIM1 oligomerization. Oligomerization of the ER Ca2+ sensor STIM1 is an essential step in store-operated Ca2+ entry. The lumenal EF-hand and SAM domains of STIM1 are believed to initiate oligomerization after Ca2+ store depletion, but the contributions of STIM1 cytosolic domains (coiled-coil 1, CC1; coiled-coil 2, CC2; CRAC activation domain, CAD) to this process are not well understood. By applying coimmunoprecipitation and fluorescence photobleaching and energy transfer techniques to truncated and mutant STIM1 proteins, we find that STIM1 cytosolic domains play distinct roles in forming both “resting” oligomers in cells with replete Ca2+ stores and higher-order oligomers in store-depleted cells. CC1 supports the formation of resting STIM1 oligomers and appears to interact with cytosolic components to slow STIM1 diffusion. On store depletion, STIM1 lacking all cytosolic domains (STIM1-ΔC) oligomerizes through EF-SAM interactions alone, but these oligomers are unstable. Addition of CC1 + CAD, but not CC1 alone, enables the formation of stable store-dependent oligomers. Within the CAD, both CC2 and C-terminal residues contribute to oligomer formation. Our results reveal a new function for the CAD: in addition to binding and activating Orai1, it is directly involved in STIM1 oligomerization, the initial event triggering store-operated Ca2+ entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth D Covington
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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Plasma membrane calcium pump and sodium–calcium exchanger in maintenance and control of calcium concentrations in platelets. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2010; 392:41-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.12.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2009] [Accepted: 12/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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50
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Abstract
Dynamic changes in cytoplasmic calcium concentration dictate the immunological fate and functions of lymphocytes. During the past few years, important details have been revealed about the mechanism of store-operated calcium entry in lymphocytes, including the molecular identity of calcium release-activated calcium (CRAC) channels and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) calcium sensor (STIM1) responsible for CRAC channel activation following calcium depletion of stores. However, details of the potential fine regulation of CRAC channel activation that may be imposed on lymphocytes following physiologic stimulation within an inflammatory environment have not been fully addressed. In this review, we discuss several underexplored aspects of store-operated (CRAC-mediated) and store-independent calcium signaling in B lymphocytes. First, we discuss results suggesting that coupling between stores and CRAC channels may be regulated, allowing for fine tuning of CRAC channel activation following depletion of ER stores. Second, we discuss mechanisms that sustain the duration of calcium entry via CRAC channels. Finally, we discuss distinct calcium permeant non-selective cation channels (NSCCs) that are activated by innate stimuli in B cells, the potential means by which these innate calcium signaling pathways and CRAC channels crossregulate one another, and the mechanistic basis and physiologic consequences of innate calcium signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie B King
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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