Respuesta a un programa de resiliencia aplicado a padres de niños con Síndrome de Down

This Is My Baby Interview: An Adaptation to the Spanish Language and Culture

Evaluating the emotional state of parents is important for determining the intervention in the context of a family with a baby with Down syndrome. “This is my baby” is an interview that measures the acceptance, commitment and awareness of influence of parents towards their baby. The Spanish adaptation of this instrument helps to better understand the emotional state of parents of children with developmental disorders. A cross-cultural adaptation and reliability analysis was carried out. The results suggest that the Spanish version of the This Is My Baby interview is a reliable instrument to measure the levels of acceptance, commitment and awareness of influence of parents of an infant with Down syndrome.

Avaliação de intervenção para promoção de resiliência em famílias de crianças com Síndrome de Down

Este estudo objetiva avaliar efeitos de uma intervenção que busca promover resiliência em oito famílias de crianças com síndrome de Down (SD) de até dois anos de idade. Classificou-se as famílias segundo arranjos e renda, distribuídas aleatoriamente nos grupos experimental e controle. Visitas domiciliares ocorreram no pré-teste, pós-teste e follow up, onde todos responderam ao questionário sociodemográfico e à entrevista acerca da resiliência familiar, além dos genitores responderem ao Inventário de Sintomas de Estresse de Lipp e ao Inventário de Depressão de Beck. Um diário de campo e entrevistas de avaliação para as famílias foram realizados durante a intervenção. Não foram obtidas diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os valores da resiliência nas famílias nos diferentes momentos (p = 0,77). Entretanto, alguns membros percebem mudanças na família após participação no trabalho, como melhorias na comunicação e aquisição de conhecimentos sobre SD. Estudos com mais participantes e período de tempo prolongado são necessários.

Assessment of emotional intelligence in adults with down syndrome: Psychometric properties of the Emotional Quotient Inventory

Introduction

The Emotional Quotient Inventory: Youth version-EQ-i:YV was developed by Bar-On & Parker in 2000 and later translated and adapted for the general Spanish adolescent population by Ferrandiz et al. in 2012. The Spanish scale presents similar psychometric properties to the original version (54 items and five subdimensions). The Emotional Quotient Inventory assesses a set of personal, emotional, and social skills that influence adaptation to and coping with environmental demands and pressures. These factors can influence an adolescent’s success later in life, health, and psychological well-being. Traditionally, research in Down syndrome (DS) has focused on identifying cognitive deficits, relatively little is known about emotional intelligence (EI) and there are no scales that measure EI in people with DS adults.

Objectives

To validate and analyze the psychometric properties of the scale in the clinical population, specifically in Spanish adults with DS (EQ-i: SVDS).

Methods

A cross-sectional investigation was carried out in several stages. Descriptive, exploratory factorial (n = 345), confirmatory (n = 397), and scale reliability analyses were performed with better goodness-of-adjustment indices.

Results

A new scale named Emotional Quotient Inventory: Short Version for DS adults was obtained with a structure of four factors called mood, stress management, interpersonal, and intrapersonal. This new scale was reduced to 25 items. Goodness-of-fit indices were excellent (RMSEA [95% CI] = 02[.01; .03]; CFI = .99; TLI = .98; GFI = .87; AGFI = .89). The internal consistency of the four dimensions and the calculated total score (α = .91, ω = .93 and divided halves = .90) yielded high values in this clinical sample.

Discussion

The results recommend the use of the revised EQ-i: YV, the EQ-i: SVDS, to assess EI in adults with DS. The psychometric properties of this study are satisfactory but have four factors. The findings are discussed in terms of future research and practical implication to gain a more thorough understanding of how this population behaves on both a general and preventive level in order to teach EI properly.

Conclusions

This new version is a valid and reliable tool to evaluate emotional intelligence in people with intellectual disabilities and specifically in Spanish adults with DS.

Intervención temprana en Síndrome de Down: Una revisión sistemática

Introducción: El síndrome de Down presenta importantes diferencias en tasas de incidencia según territorios y países, siendo además una de los trastornos genéticos más complejos, aunque su detección sea la más precoz de los trastornos genéticos. En España se ha producido una drástica reducción de nacimientos, existiendo un aumento en otras zonas del mundo como Latinoamérica. Objetivo y método: Se pretende realizar una revisión sistemática sobre el conocimiento científico actual relacionado con intervenciones tempranas en SD desde los años 2000 al 2017, utilizando la metodología PRISMA. Resultados: Se observa intensas lagunas metodológicas, enfatizándose las investigaciones transversales por encima de los longitudinales y sobre todo en zonas concretas del mundo. De este síndrome siguen interesando los factores cognitivos en detrimento de variables familiares y otros aspectos claves para un desarrollo psicoevolutivo adecuado. No se observan trabajos de intervención temprana ni de evaluación de programas en países hispanohablantes, y la mayoría de publicaciones científicas mezclan edades y sexos en sus muestras. Discusión: Se discuten los resultados obtenidos de la revisión realizada. Conclusiones: A lo largo del tiempo se observa una importante reducción del interés científico por este síndrome. Se siguen realizando trabajos de manera redundante sobre los mismos aspectos, sin valorar subdimensiones imprescindibles para el desarrollo biopsicosocial de este colectivo.