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Shamsabadi R, Baghani HR. DNA-damage RBE assessment for combined boron and gadolinium neutron capture therapy. J Appl Clin Med Phys 2024:e14399. [PMID: 38767333 DOI: 10.1002/acm2.14399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Neutron capture therapy (NCT) by 10B and 157Gd agents is a unique irradiation-based method which can be used to treat brain tumors. Current study aims to quantitatively evaluate the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) and dose distributions during the combined BNCT and GdNCT modalities through a hybrid Monte Carlo (MC) simulation approach. METHODS Snyder head phantom as well as a cubic hypothetical tumor was at first modeled by Geant4 MC Code. Then, the energy spectra and dose distribution relevant to the released secondary particles during the combined Gd/BNCT were scored for different concentrations of 157Gd and 10B inside tumor volume. Finally, the scored energy spectra were imported to the MCDS code to estimate both RBESSB and RBEDSB values for different 157Gd concentrations. RESULTS The results showed that combined Gd/BNCT increases the fluence-averaged RBESSB values by about 1.7 times when 157Gd concentration increments from 0 to 2000 µg/g for both considered cell oxygen levels (pO2 = 10% and 100%). Besides, a reduction of about 26% was found for fluence-averaged RBEDSB values with an increment of 157Gd concentration in tumor volume. CONCLUSION From the results, it can be concluded that combined Gd/BNCT technique can improve tumor coverage with higher dose levels but in the expense of RBEDSB reduction which can affect the clinical efficacy of the NCT technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Shamsabadi
- Physics Department, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran
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Ge Y, Zhong Y, Murata I, Tamaki S, Yuan N, Sun Y, Ma W, Zou L, Yang Z, Lu L. Efficient optimization of an accelerator neutron source for neutron capture therapy using genetic algorithms. Med Phys 2024. [PMID: 38734991 DOI: 10.1002/mp.17132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, genetic algorithms have been applied in the field of nuclear technology design, producing superior optimization results compared to traditional methods. They can be employed in the design and optimization of beam shaping assemblies (BSA) BSA to obtain the desired neutron beams. But it should be noted that the direct combination of Monte Carlo methods with genetic algorithms requires a significant amount of computational resources and time. PURPOSE Design and optimize BSA more efficiently to achieve neutron beams that meet specified recommendations. METHODS We propose an approach of NSGA II with crucial variables which are identified by multivariate statistical techniques. This approach significantly reduces the problem sizes, thus reducing the time required for optimization. We illustrate this methodology using the example of BSA design for AB-BNCT. RESULTS The computational efficiency has tripled with crucial variables. By using NSGA II, we obtained optimized models conforming to both the new and old version IAEA BNCT guidelines through a single optimization process and subjected them to phantom analysis. The results demonstrate that models obtained through this method can meet the IAEA recommendations with deep advantage depth (AD) and high absorbed ratio (AR). CONCLUSION The genetic algorithm with crucial variables displays tremendous potential in addressing BSA optimization challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Ge
- Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
- Department of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- United Laboratory of Frontier Radiotherapy Technology of Sun Yat-sen University & Chinese Academy of Sciences Ion Medical Technology Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao Zhong
- Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Isao Murata
- Department of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shingo Tamaki
- Department of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nan Yuan
- Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanbing Sun
- Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Ma
- Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Liping Zou
- Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Liang Lu
- Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
- United Laboratory of Frontier Radiotherapy Technology of Sun Yat-sen University & Chinese Academy of Sciences Ion Medical Technology Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
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Romanelli G, Capuani S, Onorati D, Ulpiani P, Preziosi E, Andreani C, Senesi R. Fluorinated borono-phenylalanine for optimizing BNCT: Enhancing boron absorption against hydrogen scattering for thermal neutrons. Med Phys 2024; 51:439-446. [PMID: 37956252 DOI: 10.1002/mp.16802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Boron-containing compounds, such as 4-borono-phenylalanine (BPA) are used as drugs for cancer treatment in the framework of Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT). Neutron irradiation of boron-rich compounds delivered to cancer cells triggers nuclear reactions that destroy cancer cells. PURPOSE We provide a modeling of the thermal neutron cross section of BPA, a drug used in Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT), to quantify the competing contributions of boron absorption against hydrogen scattering, for optimizing BNCT by minimizing the latter. METHODS We perform the experimental determination of the total neutron scattering cross section of BPA at thermal and epithermal neutron energies using neutron transmission measurements. We isolate the contribution related to the incoherent scattering by hydrogen atoms as a function of the neutron energy by means of the Average Functional Group Approximation, and we calculate the probability for a neutron of being absorbed as a function of the neutron energy both for BPA and for its variants where either one or all four aromatic hydrogen atoms are substituted by 19 F, and both for the samples with natural occurrence or enriched concentration of 10 B. RESULTS While referring to the already available literature for in vivo use of fluorinated BPA, we show that fluorine-rich variants of BPA increase the probability of neutrons being captured by the molecule. As the higher absorption efficiency of fluorinated BPA does not depend on whether the molecule is used in vivo or not, our results are promising for the higher efficiency of the boron neutron capture treatment. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest a new advantage using fluorinated compounds for BNCT, in their optimized interaction with neutrons, in addition to their already known capability to be used for monitoring and pharmacokinetics studies using 19 F-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance or in 18 F-Positron Emission Tomography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Romanelli
- Dipartimento di Fisica and NAST Centre, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Capuani
- National Research Council, Institute for Complex Systems (ISC), Rome, Italy
| | - Dalila Onorati
- Dipartimento di Fisica and NAST Centre, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Ulpiani
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Preziosi
- Dipartimento di Fisica and NAST Centre, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Carla Andreani
- Dipartimento di Fisica and NAST Centre, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
- National Research Council, Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB), Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Senesi
- Dipartimento di Fisica and NAST Centre, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
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Murata I, Tamaki S, Kusaka S, Maemunah IR, Sato F, Miyamaru H, Yoshida S. Neutronics Design of Fusion Reactor–Based Boron Neutron Capture Therapy in ITER. FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/15361055.2022.2151280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Isao Murata
- Osaka University, Graduate School of Engineering, Division of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Engineering, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shingo Tamaki
- Osaka University, Graduate School of Engineering, Division of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Engineering, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Sachie Kusaka
- Osaka University, Graduate School of Engineering, Division of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Engineering, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Indah Rosidah Maemunah
- Osaka University, Graduate School of Engineering, Division of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Engineering, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Fuminobu Sato
- Osaka University, Graduate School of Engineering, Division of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Engineering, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Miyamaru
- Osaka Metropolitan University, Graduate School of Engineering, Division of Quantum and Radiation Engineering, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Shigeo Yoshida
- Tokai University, School of Engineering, Department of Applied Chemistry, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan
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Mokhtari Dorostkar M, Rasouli FS, Salehkoutahi SM. A simulation study on proton accelerator-based sources for BNCT of shallow tumors. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR ENERGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pnucene.2022.104444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Chabod S, Giraud J, Hervé M, Santos D, Sauzet N. Heavy-water-based moderator design for an AB-BNCT unit using a topology optimization algorithm. Phys Med Biol 2022; 67. [DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ac6723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective. The design of neutron moderators for BNCT treatment units currently relies on parametric approaches, which yield quality results but are ultimately limited by human imagination. Efficient but non-intuitive design solutions may thus be missed out. This limitation needs to be addressed. Approach. To overcome this limitation, we propose to use a topology optimization algorithm coupled with a state-of-the-art Monte-Carlo transport code. This approach recently proved capable of finding complex optimal configurations of particle propagators with limited human intervention. Main results. In this study, we apply this algorithmic solution to optimize some heavy-water neutron moderators for a specific AB-BNCT treatment unit. The moderators thus generated are compact yet succeed in limiting the exposure of patient’s healthy tissues to levels below recommended limits. They present subtle, original geometries inaccessible to standard parametric approaches or human intuition. Significance. This approach could be used to automatically fit the design of a BNCT moderator to the location and shape of the tumor or to the morphology of the patient to be treated, opening a path for more targeted BNCT treatment.
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Golshani M, Mowlavi AA, Azadegan B. Gadolinium neutron capture therapy: Calculation of 157Gd kerma factor and a dosimetry study using MCNP Monte Carlo code. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2022.110155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Rasouli FS. On the feasibility of using an 8 MeV electron linac for beam designing in BNCT of head tumors. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08239-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Hu N, Tanaka H, Kakino R, Yoshikawa S, Miyao M, Akita K, Isohashi K, Aihara T, Nihei K, Ono K. Evaluation of a treatment planning system developed for clinical boron neutron capture therapy and validation against an independent Monte Carlo dose calculation system. Radiat Oncol 2021; 16:243. [PMID: 34952608 PMCID: PMC8709965 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-021-01968-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) for the treatment of unresectable, locally advanced, and recurrent carcinoma of the head and neck cancer has been approved by the Japanese government for reimbursement under the national health insurance as of June 2020. A new treatment planning system for clinical BNCT has been developed by Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd. (Sumitomo), NeuCure® Dose Engine. To safely implement this system for clinical use, the simulated neutron flux and gamma ray dose rate inside a water phantom was compared against experimental measurements. Furthermore, to validate and verify the new planning system, the dose distribution inside an anthropomorphic head phantom was compared against a BNCT treatment planning system SERA and an in-house developed Monte Carlo dose calculation program. The simulated results closely matched the experimental results, within 5% for the thermal neutron flux and 10% for the gamma ray dose rate. The dose distribution inside the head phantom closely matched with SERA and the in-house developed dose calculation program, within 3% for the tumour and a difference of 0.3 Gyw for the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naonori Hu
- Kansai BNCT Medical Center, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka-fu Takatsuki-shi Daigakumachi 2-7, Takatsuki, Japan. .,Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Hiroki Tanaka
- Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryo Kakino
- Kansai BNCT Medical Center, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka-fu Takatsuki-shi Daigakumachi 2-7, Takatsuki, Japan
| | - Syuushi Yoshikawa
- Kansai BNCT Medical Center, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka-fu Takatsuki-shi Daigakumachi 2-7, Takatsuki, Japan
| | - Mamoru Miyao
- Central Department of Radiology, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University Hospital, Takatsuki, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Akita
- Kansai BNCT Medical Center, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka-fu Takatsuki-shi Daigakumachi 2-7, Takatsuki, Japan
| | - Kayako Isohashi
- Kansai BNCT Medical Center, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka-fu Takatsuki-shi Daigakumachi 2-7, Takatsuki, Japan
| | - Teruhito Aihara
- Kansai BNCT Medical Center, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka-fu Takatsuki-shi Daigakumachi 2-7, Takatsuki, Japan
| | - Keiji Nihei
- Kansai BNCT Medical Center, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka-fu Takatsuki-shi Daigakumachi 2-7, Takatsuki, Japan.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University Hospital, Takatsuki, Japan
| | - Koji Ono
- Kansai BNCT Medical Center, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka-fu Takatsuki-shi Daigakumachi 2-7, Takatsuki, Japan
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Torres-Sánchez P, Porras I, Arias de Saavedra F, Praena J. Study of the upper energy limit of useful epithermal neutrons for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy in different tissues. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2021.109490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Hervé M, Sauzet N, Santos D. On the eptihermal neutron energy limit for Accelerator-Based Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (AB-BNCT): Study and impact of new energy limits. Phys Med 2021; 88:148-157. [PMID: 34265549 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2021.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Accelerator-Based Boron Neutron Capture Therapy is a radiotherapy based on compact accelerator neutron sources requiring an epithermal neutron field for tumour irradiations. Neutrons of 10 keV are considered as the maximum optimised energy to treat deep-seated tumours. We investigated, by means of Monte Carlo simulations, the epithermal range from 10 eV to 10 keV in order to optimise the maximum epithermal neutron energy as a function of the tumour depth. METHODS A Snyder head phantom was simulated and mono-energetic neutrons with 4 different incident energies were used: 10 eV, 100 eV, 1 keV and 10 keV. 10B capture rates and absorbed dose composition on every tissue were calculated to describe and compare the effects of lowering the maximum epithermal energy. The Therapeutic Gain (TG) was estimated considering the whole brain volume. RESULTS For tumours seated at 4 cm depth, 10 eV, 100 eV and 1 keV neutrons provided respectively 54%, 36% and 18% increase on the TG compared to 10 keV neutrons. Neutrons with energies between 10 eV and 1 keV provided higher TG than 10 keV neutrons for tumours seated up to 6.4 cm depth inside the head. The size of the tumour does not change these results. CONCLUSIONS Using lower epithermal energy neutrons for AB-BNCT tumour irradiation could improve treatment efficacy, delivering more therapeutic dose while reducing the dose in healthy tissues. This could lead to new Beam Shape Assembly designs in order to optimise the BNCT irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Hervé
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Nadine Sauzet
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Daniel Santos
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38000 Grenoble, France
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Van Delinder KW, Khan R, Gräfe JL. Radiobiological impact of gadolinium neutron capture from proton therapy and alternative neutron sources using TOPAS-nBio. Med Phys 2021; 48:4004-4016. [PMID: 33959981 DOI: 10.1002/mp.14928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE A multi-scale investigation of the biological properties of gadolinium neutron capture (GdNC) therapy with applications in particle therapy is conducted using the TOPAS Monte Carlo (MC) simulation code. The simulation results are used to quantify the amount of gadolinium dose enhancement produced as a result of the secondary neutron production from proton therapy scaled by measured data. MATERIALS AND METHODS MC modeling was performed using the radiobiology extension TOol for PArticle Simulation TOPAS-nBio MC simulation code to study the radiobiological effects produced from GdNC on a segment of DNA, a spherical cellular model, and from the modeling of previous experimental measurements. The average RBE values were calculated from two methods, microdosimetric kinematic (MK) and biological weighting r(y) within a 2 nm DNA segment for GdNC. The single-strand breaks (SSBs) and double-strand breaks (DSBs) were calculated from within the nucleus of a 20 µm diameter, spherical cell model. From a previous experimental proton therapy measurement using a spread-out Bragg peak (SOBP) of 4.5-9.5 cm and a delivered absorbed dose of 10.4 Gy, the amount of Gd neutron captures was calculated and used to quantify the amount of GdNC absolute dose from particle therapy. RESULTS The average RBE from microdosimetric kinematic and biological weighting was 1.35, and 1.70 for a 10% cell survival on HSG cell-line and weighting function data from early intestinal tolerance of mice. From a central isotropic GdNC source, the energy deposition is found to decrease from roughly 2.7 eV per capture down to approximately 0.01 eV per capture, a drop of two orders of magnitude within 50 nm. This result suggests that Gd needs to be close to the DNA (within 10-20 nm) in order for neutron capture to induce a significant dose enhancement due to the short-range electrons emitted after Gd neutron capture. Within a spherical cell model, the SSBs, and DSBs were determined to be 39 and 1.5 per neutron capture, respectively. From the total neutron captures produced from an experimental proton therapy measurement on a 3000 PPM Gd solution, an insignificant absolute Gd dose enhancement was quantified to be 5.4 × 10-6 Gy per Gy of administered proton dose. CONCLUSION From this study and literature review, the production of secondary thermal neutrons from proton therapy is determined to be a limiting factor and unlikely to produce a clinically useful dose enhancement for secondary neutron capture therapy. Moreover, alternative neutron sources, such as, a compact deuterium-tritium (D-T) neutron generator, a "high yield" deuterium-deuterium (D-D) generator, or an industrial strength (100 mg) 252 Cf source were investigated, with the 252 Cf source the most likely to be capable of producing enough neutrons for 1 Gy of localized GdNC absolute dose within a reasonable treatment time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt W Van Delinder
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria St., Toronto, ON, M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Rao Khan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Physics Division, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, St Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - James L Gräfe
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria St., Toronto, ON, M5B 2K3, Canada
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Lee PY, Tang X, Geng C, Liu YH. A bi-tapered and air-gapped beam shaping assembly used for AB-BNCT. Appl Radiat Isot 2020; 167:109392. [PMID: 33065400 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2020.109392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The 7Li(p,n)7Be reaction, which leads to a soft neutron field, is often chosen as the neutron producing reaction used for accelerator-based boron neutron capture therapy (AB-BNCT). This study aims to design a compact beam shaping assembly (BSA) and auxiliary system for a 7Li(p,n)7Be reaction-based neutron source and to evaluate the relationship between the BSA design and the consequent neutron beam quality for further optimization. In this study, five types of moderator shapes for the BSA model were designed. Both the in-air and in-phantom figures of merit were considered to evaluate the performance of the BSA designs. It was found that the BSA with a bi-tapered and air-gapped design could generate a high-intensity epithermal neutron beam, which could be used to treat deep-seated brain tumors within a reasonable time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Yi Lee
- Neuboron Therapy System Ltd., Nanjing, China.
| | - Xiaobin Tang
- Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China
| | - Changran Geng
- Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan-Hao Liu
- Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China; Neuboron Medtech Ltd., Nanjing, China
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Pedrosa-Rivera M, Praena J, Porras I, Sabariego MP, Köster U, Haertlein M, Forsyth VT, Ramírez JC, Jover C, Jimena D, Osorio JL, Álvarez P, Ruiz-Ruiz C, Ruiz-Magaña MJ. Thermal Neutron Relative Biological Effectiveness Factors for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy from In Vitro Irradiations. Cells 2020; 9:cells9102144. [PMID: 32977400 PMCID: PMC7598166 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The experimental determination of the relative biological effectiveness of thermal neutron factors is fundamental in Boron Neutron Capture Therapy. The present values have been obtained while using mixed beams that consist of both neutrons and photons of various energies. A common weighting factor has been used for both thermal and fast neutron doses, although such an approach has been questioned. At the nuclear reactor of the Institut Laue-Langevin a pure low-energy neutron beam has been used to determine thermal neutron relative biological effectiveness factors. Different cancer cell lines, which correspond to glioblastoma, melanoma, and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, and non-tumor cell lines (lung fibroblast and embryonic kidney), have been irradiated while using an experimental arrangement designed to minimize neutron-induced secondary gamma radiation. Additionally, the cells were irradiated with photons at a medical linear accelerator, providing reference data for comparison with that from neutron irradiation. The survival and proliferation were studied after irradiation, yielding the Relative Biological Effectiveness that corresponds to the damage of thermal neutrons for the different tissue types.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Pedrosa-Rivera
- Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.P.-R.); (J.P.); (M.P.S.)
| | - Javier Praena
- Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.P.-R.); (J.P.); (M.P.S.)
| | - Ignacio Porras
- Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.P.-R.); (J.P.); (M.P.S.)
- Correspondence: (I.P.); (C.R.-R.)
| | - Manuel P. Sabariego
- Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.P.-R.); (J.P.); (M.P.S.)
| | - Ulli Köster
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CEDEX 9, 38042 Grenoble, France; (U.K.); (M.H.); (V.T.F.)
| | - Michael Haertlein
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CEDEX 9, 38042 Grenoble, France; (U.K.); (M.H.); (V.T.F.)
- Partnership for Structural Biology (PSB), CEDEX 9, 38042 Grenoble, France
| | - V. Trevor Forsyth
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CEDEX 9, 38042 Grenoble, France; (U.K.); (M.H.); (V.T.F.)
- Partnership for Structural Biology (PSB), CEDEX 9, 38042 Grenoble, France
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK
| | - José C. Ramírez
- Servicio de Radiofísica y Protección Radiológica, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Avda. Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014 Granada, Spain; (J.C.R.); (C.J.); (D.J.); (J.L.O.)
| | - Clara Jover
- Servicio de Radiofísica y Protección Radiológica, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Avda. Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014 Granada, Spain; (J.C.R.); (C.J.); (D.J.); (J.L.O.)
| | - Daniel Jimena
- Servicio de Radiofísica y Protección Radiológica, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Avda. Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014 Granada, Spain; (J.C.R.); (C.J.); (D.J.); (J.L.O.)
| | - Juan L. Osorio
- Servicio de Radiofísica y Protección Radiológica, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Avda. Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014 Granada, Spain; (J.C.R.); (C.J.); (D.J.); (J.L.O.)
| | - Patricia Álvarez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular III e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (P.Á.); (M.J.R.-M.)
| | - Carmen Ruiz-Ruiz
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular III e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (P.Á.); (M.J.R.-M.)
- Correspondence: (I.P.); (C.R.-R.)
| | - María J. Ruiz-Magaña
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular III e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (P.Á.); (M.J.R.-M.)
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15
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Magni C, Postuma I, Ferrarini M, Protti N, Fatemi S, Gong C, Anselmi-Tamburini U, Vercesi V, Battistoni G, Altieri S, Bortolussi S. Design of a BNCT irradiation room based on proton accelerator and beryllium target. Appl Radiat Isot 2020; 165:109314. [PMID: 32768928 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2020.109314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Preliminary studies for the design of an accelerator-based BNCT clinical facility are presented. The Beam Shaping Assembly neutron activation was evaluated experimentally and with Monte Carlo simulations. The activations of patient, air and walls in the room, the absorbed doses by the patient and the in-air dose distributions were evaluated. Based on these calculations, different walls compositions were tested to optimize the environmental conditions. Borated concrete, advantageously reducing the thermal flux in the room, was proven the best choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Magni
- Department of Physics, University of Pavia, V. Bassi 6, Pavia, Italy; INFN (National Institute of Nuclear Physics) Pavia, V. Bassi 6, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Ian Postuma
- INFN (National Institute of Nuclear Physics) Pavia, V. Bassi 6, Pavia, Italy
| | - Michele Ferrarini
- CNAO (National Center of Oncological Hadrontherapy), Str. Campeggi 53, Pavia, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Protti
- INFN (National Institute of Nuclear Physics) Pavia, V. Bassi 6, Pavia, Italy
| | - Setareh Fatemi
- INFN (National Institute of Nuclear Physics) Pavia, V. Bassi 6, Pavia, Italy
| | - Chunhui Gong
- INFN (National Institute of Nuclear Physics) Pavia, V. Bassi 6, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Valerio Vercesi
- INFN (National Institute of Nuclear Physics) Pavia, V. Bassi 6, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Battistoni
- INFN (National Institute of Nuclear Physics) Milan, V. G. Celoria 16, Milan, Italy
| | - Saverio Altieri
- Department of Physics, University of Pavia, V. Bassi 6, Pavia, Italy; INFN (National Institute of Nuclear Physics) Pavia, V. Bassi 6, Pavia, Italy
| | - Silva Bortolussi
- Department of Physics, University of Pavia, V. Bassi 6, Pavia, Italy; INFN (National Institute of Nuclear Physics) Pavia, V. Bassi 6, Pavia, Italy
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16
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BNCT research activities at the Granada group and the project NeMeSis: Neutrons for medicine and sciences, towards an accelerator-based facility for new BNCT therapies, medical isotope production and other scientific neutron applications. Appl Radiat Isot 2020; 165:109247. [PMID: 32692657 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2020.109247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The Granada group in BNCT research is currently performing studies on: nuclear and radiobiological data for BNCT, new boron compounds and a new design for a neutron source for BNCT and other applications, including the production of medical radioisotopes. All these activities are described in this report.
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17
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Exploring neutron capture therapy with 33S and 10B. Appl Radiat Isot 2020; 163:109220. [PMID: 32561057 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2020.109220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The 33S(n,α)30Si reaction was proposed as cooperative neutron capturer to 10B(n,α)7Li in Neutron Capture Therapy (NCT). At that moment, the available 33S(n,α)30Si cross-section data were scarce and discrepant in key energy ranges for its use in NCT. Since then, three experiments have been carried out at n_TOF facility at CERN and at Institut Laue-Langevin. These new data are used for the calculation of the dose rate on ICRU-4 tissue by using kerma factors, a simplified model of tissue and a 13.45 keV neutron beam, energy of the most important 33S(n,α)30Si resonance. A significant enhancement of the dose rate due to the presence of 33S is shown. In spite of the limitations, the cooperative action of 33S and 10B is an interesting possibility to be studied for accelerator-based neutron sources with non-moderated neutrons.
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18
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Zavjalov E, Zaboronok A, Kanygin V, Kasatova A, Kichigin A, Mukhamadiyarov R, Razumov I, Sycheva T, Mathis BJ, Maezono SEB, Matsumura A, Taskaev S. Accelerator-based boron neutron capture therapy for malignant glioma: a pilot neutron irradiation study using boron phenylalanine, sodium borocaptate and liposomal borocaptate with a heterotopic U87 glioblastoma model in SCID mice. Int J Radiat Biol 2020; 96:868-878. [PMID: 32339057 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2020.1761039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) for a heterotopic U87 glioblastoma model in SCID mice using boron phenylalanine (BPA), sodium borocaptate (BSH) and liposomal BSH as boron compounds at a unique, accelerator-based neutron source.Materials and methods: Glioblastoma models were obtained by subcutaneous implantation of U87 cells in the right thighs of SCID mice before administration of 350 mg/kg of BPA (BPA-group), 100 mg/kg of BSH (BSH-group) or 100 mg/kg of BSH in PEGylated liposomes (liposomal BSH-group) into the retroorbital sinus. Liposomes were prepared by reverse-phase evaporation. Neutron irradiation was carried out at a proton accelerator with a lithium target developed for BNCT at the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation. A proton beam current integral of 3 mA/h and energy of 2.05 MeV were used for neutron generation.Results: Boron compound accumulation in tumor tissues at the beginning of irradiation was higher in the BPA group, followed by the Liposomal BSH and BSH groups. Tumor growth was significantly slower in all irradiated mice from the 7th day after BNCT compared to untreated controls (p < .05). Tumor growth in all treated groups showed no large variation, apart from the Irradiation only group and the BPA group on the 7th day after BNCT. The overall trend of tumor growth was clear and the differences between treatment groups became significant from the 50th day after BNCT. Tumor growth was significantly slower in the Liposomal BSH group compared to the Irradiation only group on the 50th (p = .012), 53rd (p = .005), and the 57th (p = .021) days after treatment. Tumor growth in the Liposomal BSH group was significantly different from that in the BPA group on the 53rd day after BNCT (p = .021) and in the BSH group on the 50th (p = .024), 53rd (p = .015), and 57th (p = .038) days after BNCT. Skin reactions in the form of erosions and ulcers in the tumor area developed in treated as well as untreated animals with further formation of fistulas and necrotic decay cavities in most irradiated mice.Conclusions: We observed a tendency of BNCT at the accelerator-based neutron source to reduce or suspend the growth of human glioblastoma in immunodeficient animals. Liposomal BSH showed better long-term results compared to BPA and non-liposomal BSH. Further modifications in liposomal boron delivery are being studied to improve treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgenii Zavjalov
- Laboratory of medical and biological problems of BNCT, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Center for Genetic Resources of Laboratory Animals, Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alexander Zaboronok
- Laboratory of medical and biological problems of BNCT, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Vladimir Kanygin
- Laboratory of medical and biological problems of BNCT, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Anna Kasatova
- Laboratory of medical and biological problems of BNCT, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Aleksandr Kichigin
- Laboratory of medical and biological problems of BNCT, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Rinat Mukhamadiyarov
- Laboratory of medical and biological problems of BNCT, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases SB RAS, Kemerovo, Russia
| | - Ivan Razumov
- Laboratory of medical and biological problems of BNCT, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Center for Genetic Resources of Laboratory Animals, Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | | | - Bryan J Mathis
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Sakura Eri B Maezono
- PhD Program in Human Biology, School of Integrative and Global Majors and International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Akira Matsumura
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Sergey Taskaev
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Laboratory of BNCT, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
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19
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Radiobiology data of melanoma cells after low-energy neutron irradiation and boron compound administration. Appl Radiat Isot 2020; 163:109205. [PMID: 32392166 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2020.109205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The cold neutron beam at the PF1b line at the Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL), without fast neutrons and a low contribution of gamma rays, is a very suitable facility to measure cell damage following low-energy neutron irradiation. The biological damage associated with the thermal and the boron doses can be obtained in order to evaluate the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy. Three different experiments were carried out on the A375 melanoma cell line: the first one in a hospital LINAC, to obtain the reference radiation data, and the other two at the ILL, in which the damage to cells with and without boron compounds added was measured.
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20
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Pereira LO, Freitas RP, Ferreira DS, Felix VS, Gonçalves EA, Pimenta AR, de Sousa Dutra R, Xavier da Silva A. Dose distribution in boron neutron capture therapy for the treatment of brain cancer. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2019.108611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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21
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A simple approximation for the evaluation of the photon iso-effective dose in Boron Neutron Capture Therapy based on dose-independent weighting factors. Appl Radiat Isot 2020; 157:109018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2019.109018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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22
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Praena J, L IC, Sabat MG, Arias FDS, Porras I. Measurements of the 33S ( n, α) 30Si cross-section at n_TOF and ILL: Implications in neutron capture therapy. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202023901020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Up to a couple of years ago, the 33S(n, α)30Si cross-section data had been limited and scarce. The origin in the solar system of 36S had been the only motivation to study that cross-section. However, a few years ago, the 33S(n, α)30Si reaction was proposed as a possible target in neutron capture therapy (NCT) due to the excellent bio-properties of 33S and the significant resonance at 13.45 keV of the cross-section for which a high-energy α is emitted. Prior to the experiments carried out at n_TOF-CERN and at the Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL) facilities, the data situation was: no data from the thermal point up to 10 keV; from 10 keV to 300 keV, there was only one (n, α) measurement able to resolve the resonances with a questionable value of the 13.45-keV resonance; and the thermal point did not have a consistent value. Here we summarize three experiments that have been performed covering the whole energy range of interest in NCT and astrophysics. These experiments have solved the most important issues. The data of the present work and the evaluated data are used to calculate the dose rate in the tissue.
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23
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Paul M, Silverman I, Halfon S, Sukoriansky S, Mikhailovich B, Palchan T, Kapusta A, Shoihet A, Kijel D, Arenshtam A, Barami E. A 50 kW Liquid-Lithium Target for BNCT and Material-Science Applications. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202023103004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A compact Liquid Lithium Target (LiLiT) has been operating at SARAF for several years with beam power of several kW (1.9-2.5 MeV, up to 2 mA). When bombarding the lithium with low energy protons neutrons are generated. The neutron source, mainly used for nuclear astrophysics research, was decommissioned in 2016 towards an upgraded model - with possible applications to Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) and material-science studies. The improved version has been designed to sustain 50 kW proton beam power (2.5 MeV, ~20 mA) to provide sufficient neutron flux required for clinical BNCT application. The new model has a 50 mm wide lithium jet to enable dissipation of the higher beam power and an improved heat exchanger to remove the power to a secondary cooling loop. A new Annular Linear INduction electro-magnetic pump (ALIN) has been designed and built to provide the required lithium flow rate. Other mechanical improvements facilitate the maintenance of the system and the robustness of operation. Radiological risks due to the 7Be produced in the reaction are reduced by using an integrated lead shielding of the lithium reservoir. An integrated neutron moderator is being designed to adjust the neutron energy to the spectrum best suited to BNCT. A low power (6 kW) model of the new design with a narrower nozzle (18 mm wide) and a rotating-magnet electro-magnetic pump is operating at SARAF to support the ongoing astrophysics and nuclear research program [1], [2]. To fulfill clinical BNCT, the upgraded LiLiT model will require an accelerator of appropriate energy and intensity. The design features of the new system are presented in this paper.
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24
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Chen Z, Yang P, Lei Q, Wen Y, He D, Wu Z, Gou C. COMPARISON OF BNCT DOSIMETRY CALCULATIONS USING DIFFERENT GEANT4 PHYSICS LISTS. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2019; 187:88-97. [PMID: 31135899 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncz144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A comparison of Geant4 physics lists is conducted in the calculation of the total absorbed dose, boron dose, and non-boron dose in phantom, and the total depth-dose, boron depth-dose, and non-boron depth-dose along the beam axis for neutrons in a range of 0.0253 eV to 10 MeV. Physics processes are included for neutrons, photons, and charged particles, and calculations are conducted for neutrons and secondary particles. The results obtained from QBBC, QGSP_BERT, and neutron high precision physics lists with and without S(α, β) data are compared with the FLUKA values. Neutron high precision physics lists with S(α, β) data showed the best agreement with FLUKA in the studied energy range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education and Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Peng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education and Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qin Lei
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education and Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yumei Wen
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education and Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Donglin He
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education and Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhangwen Wu
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education and Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chengjun Gou
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education and Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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25
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Izadi Vasafi G, Firoozabadi MM. 10B Concentration, Phantom Size and Tumor Location Dependent Dose Enhancement and Neutron Spectra in Boron Neutron Capture Therapy. J Biomed Phys Eng 2019; 9:653-660. [PMID: 32039096 PMCID: PMC6943846 DOI: 10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background: The amount of average dose enhancement in tumor loaded with 10B may vary due to various factors in boron neutron capture therapy Objective: This study aims to evaluate dose enhancement in tumor loaded with 10B under influence of various factors and investigate the dependence of this dose enhancement on neutron spectra changes Material and Methods: In this simulation study, using 252Cf as a neutron source, the average in-tumor dose enhancement factor (DEF) and neutron energy spectra were calculated for various 10B concentrations, phantom with different sizes and for different tumor locations, through MCNPX code. Results: Obtained results showed that the values of average DEF rise with increasing 10B concentration, phantom diameter (˂ 30 cm) and tumor distance from the source, but this increment is not linear Conclusion: It was concluded that inequality in average dose enhancement rates, in tumor loaded with 10B under influence of various factors in boron neutron capture therapy, is due to non-identical changes of both the thermal neutron flux with increasing same number of 10B atoms and same thickness of scattering material, and the thermal to fast neutron flux ratio with increasing equal distances of tumor from the source
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Affiliation(s)
- Gh Izadi Vasafi
- PhD, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
| | - M M Firoozabadi
- PhD, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
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26
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Perry CC, Ramos-Méndez J, Milligan JR. DNA Condensation with a Boron-Containing Cationic Peptide for Modeling Boron Neutron Capture Therapy. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2019; 166. [PMID: 32454570 DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2019.108521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The amino acid derivative 4-borono-L-phenylalanine (BPA) has been used in the radiation medicine technique boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT). Here we have characterized its interaction with DNA when incorporated into a positively charged hexa-L-arginine peptide. This ligand binds strongly to DNA and induces its condensation, an effect which is attenuated at higher ionic strengths. The use of an additional tetra-L-arginine ligand enables the preparation of a DNA condensate in the presence of a negligible concentration of unbound boron. Under these conditions, Monte Carlo simulation indicates that >85% of energy deposition events resulting from thermal neutron irradiation derive from boron fission. The combination of experimental model systems and simulations that we describe here provides a valuable tool for accurate track structure modeling of the DNA damage produced by the high LET particles involved in BNCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris C Perry
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, 11085 Campus Street, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Jose Ramos-Méndez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California San Francisco, 1600 Divisadero Street, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA
| | - Jamie R Milligan
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, 11085 Campus Street, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
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27
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On the upper limit for the energy of epithermal neutrons for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2018.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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28
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Safavi-Naeini M, Chacon A, Guatelli S, Franklin DR, Bambery K, Gregoire MC, Rosenfeld A. Opportunistic dose amplification for proton and carbon ion therapy via capture of internally generated thermal neutrons. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16257. [PMID: 30390002 PMCID: PMC6215016 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34643-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper presents Neutron Capture Enhanced Particle Therapy (NCEPT), a method for enhancing the radiation dose delivered to a tumour relative to surrounding healthy tissues during proton and carbon ion therapy by capturing thermal neutrons produced inside the treatment volume during irradiation. NCEPT utilises extant and in-development boron-10 and gadolinium-157-based drugs from the related field of neutron capture therapy. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we demonstrate that a typical proton or carbon ion therapy treatment plan generates an approximately uniform thermal neutron field within the target volume, centred around the beam path. The tissue concentrations of neutron capture agents required to obtain an arbitrary 10% increase in biological effective dose are estimated for realistic treatment plans, and compared to concentrations previously reported in the literature. We conclude that the proposed method is theoretically feasible, and can provide a worthwhile improvement in the dose delivered to the tumour relative to healthy tissue with readily achievable concentrations of neutron capture enhancement drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Safavi-Naeini
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Sydney, Australia.
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Andrew Chacon
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Sydney, Australia
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Sydney, Australia
| | - Susanna Guatelli
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Sydney, Australia
| | - Daniel R Franklin
- Faculty of Engineering & IT, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Keith Bambery
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Sydney, Australia
| | - Marie-Claude Gregoire
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Sydney, Australia
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Sydney, Australia
| | - Anatoly Rosenfeld
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Sydney, Australia
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29
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Tamaki S, Kusaka S, Sato F, Murata I. DESIGN IMPROVEMENT OF A LIQUID-MODERATOR-BASED NEUTRON SPECTROMETER FOR BNCT. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2018; 180:300-303. [PMID: 29088420 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncx237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Boron neutron capture therapy is known to be an effective radiation cancer therapy that requires neutron irradiation. A neutron field generated by an accelerator-based neutron source has various energy spectra, and it is necessary to evaluate the neutron spectrum in the treatment field. However, the method used to measure the neutron spectrum in the treatment field is not well established. Many researchers are making efforts to improve the spectrometers. To solve this problem, we are developing a liquid-moderator-based neutron spectrometer that is based on the same theory as that of the Bonner sphere spectrometer. The spectrometer uses a liquid moderator and absorber. In the present study, we performed a design study to improve the previously developed liquid-moderator-based neutron spectrometer. By carrying out a numerical simulation of the designed new spectrometer, we finally assessed and confirmed the validity of this spectrometer numerically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Tamaki
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Kojimachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sachie Kusaka
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Fuminobu Sato
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Isao Murata
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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30
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Elazhar H, Deschler T, Létang JM, Nourreddine A, Arbor N. Neutron track length estimator for GATE Monte Carlo dose calculation in radiotherapy. Phys Med Biol 2018; 63:125018. [PMID: 29790859 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/aac768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The out-of-field dose in radiation therapy is a growing concern in regards to the late side-effects and secondary cancer induction. In high-energy x-ray therapy, the secondary neutrons generated through photonuclear reactions in the accelerator are part of this secondary dose. The neutron dose is currently not estimated by the treatment planning system while it appears to be preponderant for distances greater than 50 cm from the isocenter. Monte Carlo simulation has become the gold standard for accurately calculating the neutron dose under specific treatment conditions but the method is also known for having a slow statistical convergence, which makes it difficult to be used on a clinical basis. The neutron track length estimator, a neutron variance reduction technique inspired by the track length estimator method has thus been developped for the first time in the Monte Carlo code GATE to allow a fast computation of the neutron dose in radiotherapy. The details of its implementation, as well as the comparison of its performances against the analog MC method, are presented here. A gain of time from 15 to 400 can be obtained by our method, with a mean difference in the dose calculation of about 1% in comparison with the analog MC method.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Elazhar
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
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Zaidi L, Belgaid M, Taskaev S, Khelifi R. Beam shaping assembly design of 7Li(p,n) 7Be neutron source for boron neutron capture therapy of deep-seated tumor. Appl Radiat Isot 2018; 139:316-324. [PMID: 29890472 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2018.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The development of a medical facility for boron neutron capture therapy at Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics is under way. The neutron source is based on a tandem accelerator with vacuum insulation and lithium target. The proposed accelerator is conceived to deliver a proton beam around 10 mA at 2.3 MeV proton beam. To deliver a therapeutic beam for treatment of deep-seated tumors a typical Beam Shaping Assembly (BSA) based on the source specifications has been explored. In this article, an optimized BSA based on the 7Li(p,n)7Be neutron production reaction is proposed. To evaluate the performance of the designed beam in a phantom, the parameters and the dose profiles in tissues due to the irradiation have been considered. In the simulations, we considered a proton energy of 2.3 MeV, a current of 10 mA, and boron concentrations in tumor, healthy tissues and skin of 52.5 ppm, 15 ppm and 22.5 ppm, respectively. It is found that, for a maximum punctual healthy tissue dose seated to 11 RBE-Gy, a mean dose of 56.5 RBE Gy with a minimum of 52.2 RBE Gy can be delivered to a tumor in 40 min, where the therapeutic ratio is estimated to 5.38. All of these calculations were carried out using the Monte Carlo MCNP code.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Zaidi
- University of Science and Technology Houari Boumediene, Faculty of Physics, SNIRM Laboratory, BP 32 El Alia 16111, Bab Ezzouar 16111, Algeria.
| | - M Belgaid
- University of Science and Technology Houari Boumediene, Faculty of Physics, SNIRM Laboratory, BP 32 El Alia 16111, Bab Ezzouar 16111, Algeria
| | - S Taskaev
- Novosibirsk State University, st. Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademika Lavrentieva 11, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - R Khelifi
- Saad Dahlab University, Departement of Physics, LPTHIRM Laboratory, BP 270 Soumaa, Algeria
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Sahoo GS, Sharma SD, Tripathy SP, Bandyopadhyay T. Design and dosimetric evaluation of beam shaping assembly for BNCT of compact D–T neutron generator by Monte Carlo simulation. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2017. [DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/aa96e0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Ghal–Eh N, Goudarzi H, Rahmani F. FLUKA simulation studies on in–phantom dosimetric parameters of a LINAC–based BNCT. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2017.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Seki R, Wakisaka Y, Morimoto N, Takashina M, Koizumi M, Toki H, Fukuda M. Physics of epi-thermal boron neutron capture therapy (epi-thermal BNCT). Radiol Phys Technol 2017; 10:387-408. [DOI: 10.1007/s12194-017-0430-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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A 13C(d,n)-based epithermal neutron source for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy. Phys Med 2016; 33:106-113. [PMID: 28049613 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2016.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) requires neutron sources suitable for in-hospital siting. Low-energy particle accelerators working in conjunction with a neutron producing reaction are the most appropriate choice for this purpose. One of the possible nuclear reactions is 13C(d,n)14N. The aim of this work is to evaluate the therapeutic capabilities of the neutron beam produced by this reaction, through a 30mA beam of deuterons of 1.45MeV. METHODS A Beam Shaping Assembly design was computationally optimized. Depth dose profiles in a Snyder head phantom were simulated with the MCNP code for a number of BSA configurations. In order to optimize the treatment capabilities, the BSA configuration was determined as the one that allows maximizing both the tumor dose and the penetration depth while keeping doses to healthy tissues under the tolerance limits. RESULTS Significant doses to tumor tissues were achieved up to ∼6cm in depth. Peak doses up to 57Gy-Eq can be delivered in a fractionated scheme of 2 irradiations of approximately 1h each. In a single 1h irradiation, lower but still acceptable doses to tumor are also feasible. CONCLUSIONS Treatment capabilities obtained here are comparable to those achieved with other accelerator-based neutron sources, making of the 13C(d,n)14N reaction a realistic option for producing therapeutic neutron beams through a low-energy particle accelerator.
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Farías RO, Garabalino MA, Ferraris S, Santa María J, Rovati O, Lange F, Trivillin VA, Monti Hughes A, Pozzi ECC, Thorp SI, Curotto P, Miller ME, Santa Cruz GA, Bortolussi S, Altieri S, Portu AM, Saint Martin G, Schwint AE, González SJ. Toward a clinical application of ex situ boron neutron capture therapy for lung tumors at the RA-3 reactor in Argentina. Med Phys 2016; 42:4161-73. [PMID: 26133616 DOI: 10.1118/1.4922158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Many types of lung tumors have a very poor prognosis due to their spread in the whole organ volume. The fact that boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) would allow for selective targeting of all the nodules regardless of their position, prompted a preclinical feasibility study of ex situ BNCT at the thermal neutron facility of RA-3 reactor in the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina. (l)-4p-dihydroxy-borylphenylalanine fructose complex (BPA-F) biodistribution studies in an adult sheep model and computational dosimetry for a human explanted lung were performed to evaluate the feasibility and the therapeutic potential of ex situ BNCT. METHODS Two kinds of boron biodistribution studies were carried out in the healthy sheep: a set of pharmacokinetic studies without lung excision, and a set that consisted of evaluation of boron concentration in the explanted and perfused lung. In order to assess the feasibility of the clinical application of ex situ BNCT at RA-3, a case of multiple lung metastases was analyzed. A detailed computational representation of the geometry of the lung was built based on a real collapsed human lung. Dosimetric calculations and dose limiting considerations were based on the experimental results from the adult sheep, and on the most suitable information published in the literature. In addition, a workable treatment plan was considered to assess the clinical application in a realistic scenario. RESULTS Concentration-time profiles for the normal sheep showed that the boron kinetics in blood, lung, and skin would adequately represent the boron behavior and absolute uptake expected in human tissues. Results strongly suggest that the distribution of the boron compound is spatially homogeneous in the lung. A constant lung-to-blood ratio of 1.3 ± 0.1 was observed from 80 min after the end of BPA-F infusion. The fact that this ratio remains constant during time would allow the blood boron concentration to be used as a surrogate and indirect quantification of the estimated value in the explanted healthy lung. The proposed preclinical animal model allowed for the study of the explanted lung. As expected, the boron concentration values fell as a result of the application of the preservation protocol required to preserve the lung function. The distribution of the boron concentration retention factor was obtained for healthy lung, with a mean value of 0.46 ± 0.14 consistent with that reported for metastatic colon carcinoma model in rat perfused lung. Considering the human lung model and suitable tumor control probability for lung cancer, a promising average fraction of controlled lesions higher than 85% was obtained even for a low tumor-to-normal boron concentration ratio of 2. CONCLUSIONS This work reports for the first time data supporting the validity of the ovine model as an adequate human surrogate in terms of boron kinetics and uptake in clinically relevant tissues. Collectively, the results and analysis presented would strongly suggest that ex situ whole lung BNCT irradiation is a feasible and highly promising technique that could greatly contribute to the treatment of metastatic lung disease in those patients without extrapulmonary spread, increasing not only the expected overall survival but also the resulting quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- R O Farías
- Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA), San Martín 1650, Argentina and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires 1033, Argentina
| | - M A Garabalino
- Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA), San Martín 1650, Argentina
| | - S Ferraris
- CIDME, Universidad Maimónides, Buenos Aires 1405, Argentina
| | - J Santa María
- CIDME, Universidad Maimónides, Buenos Aires 1405, Argentina
| | - O Rovati
- CIDME, Universidad Maimónides, Buenos Aires 1405, Argentina
| | - F Lange
- CIDME, Universidad Maimónides, Buenos Aires 1405, Argentina
| | - V A Trivillin
- Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA), San Martín 1650, Argentina and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires 1033, Argentina
| | - A Monti Hughes
- Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA), San Martín 1650, Argentina
| | - E C C Pozzi
- Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA), San Martín 1650, Argentina
| | - S I Thorp
- Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA), San Martín 1650, Argentina
| | - P Curotto
- Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA), San Martín 1650, Argentina
| | - M E Miller
- Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA), San Martín 1650, Argentina
| | - G A Santa Cruz
- Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA), San Martín 1650, Argentina
| | - S Bortolussi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - S Altieri
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pavia 27100, Italy and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - A M Portu
- Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA), San Martín 1650, Argentina and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires 1033, Argentina
| | - G Saint Martin
- Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA), San Martín 1650, Argentina
| | - A E Schwint
- Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA), San Martín 1650, Argentina and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires 1033, Argentina
| | - S J González
- Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA), San Martín 1650, Argentina and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires 1033, Argentina
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Sabaté-Gilarte M, Praena J, Porras I, Quesada JM, Mastinu P. Measurement of the (33)S(n,α) cross-section at n_TOF(CERN): Applications to BNCT. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother 2016; 21:113-6. [PMID: 26933393 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpor.2014.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The main purpose of this work is to present a new (n,α) cross-section measurement for a stable isotope of sulfur, (33)S, in order to solve existing discrepancies. BACKGROUND (33)S has been studied as a cooperating target for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) because of its large (n,α) cross-section in the epithermal neutron energy range, the most suitable one for BNCT. Although the most important evaluated databases, such as ENDF, do not show any resonances in the cross-section, experimental measurements which provided data from 10 keV to 1 MeV showed that the lowest-lying and strongest resonance of (33)S(n,α) cross-section occurs at 13.5 keV. Nevertheless, the set of resonance parameters that describe such resonance shows important discrepancies (more than a factor of 2) between them. MATERIALS AND METHODS A new measurement of the (33)S(n,α)(30)Si reaction cross-section was proposed to the ISOLDE and Neutron Time-of-Flight Experiments Committee of CERN. It was performed at n_TOF(CERN) in 2012 using MicroMegas detectors. RESULTS In this work, we will present a brief overview of the experiment as well as preliminary results of the data analysis in the neutron energy range from thermal to 100 keV. These results will be taken into account to calculate the kerma-fluence factors corresponding to (33)S in addition to (10)B and those of a standard four-component ICRU tissue. CONCLUSIONS MCNP simulations of the deposited dose, including our experimental data, shows an important kerma rate enhancement at the surface of the tissue, mainly due to the presence of (33)S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Sabaté-Gilarte
- Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Sevilla, Facultad de Física, Av. Reina Mercedes s/n, E-41012 Seville, Spain; Centro Nacional de Aceleradores (US-JA-CSIC), C/ Thomas Alva Edison 7, E-41092 Seville, Spain
| | - Javier Praena
- Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Sevilla, Facultad de Física, Av. Reina Mercedes s/n, E-41012 Seville, Spain; Centro Nacional de Aceleradores (US-JA-CSIC), C/ Thomas Alva Edison 7, E-41092 Seville, Spain
| | - Ignacio Porras
- Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain
| | - José Manuel Quesada
- Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Sevilla, Facultad de Física, Av. Reina Mercedes s/n, E-41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Pierfrancesco Mastinu
- Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, INFN, Viale dell'Università, 2, 35020 Padova, Italy
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Zaidi L, Belgaid M, Khelifi R. Monte Carlo based dosimetry for neutron capture therapy of brain tumors. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2016. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201612804003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Halfon S, Arenshtam A, Kijel D, Paul M, Weissman L, Berkovits D, Eliyahu I, Feinberg G, Kreisel A, Mardor I, Shimel G, Shor A, Silverman I, Tessler M. Demonstration of a high-intensity neutron source based on a liquid-lithium target for Accelerator based Boron Neutron Capture Therapy. Appl Radiat Isot 2015; 106:57-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2015.07.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 06/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/25/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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40
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Ramos RL, Sztejnberg Gonçalves-Carralves ML, Cantargi F. Reprint of Bioneutronics: Thermal scattering in organics tissues and its impact on BNCT dosimetry. Appl Radiat Isot 2015; 106:156-60. [PMID: 26515135 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2015.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Revised: 05/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Neutron transport calculation is a key factor in BNCT numerical dosimetry assessments where thermal neutron flux is intimately related to the neutron dose, specially, the therapeutic boron dose. In this work, numerical calculations in phantoms were performed to determine the importance of utilizing the appropriate thermal scattering treatment for different organic tissues. Two thermal treatments for the neutron scattering were included in the simulations: hydrogen bounded in bulk water and hydrogen bounded in a lipid like carbon chain (polyethylene). The results showed difference between both thermal treatments that can reach several percent points depending on the type of source and irradiated geometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- R L Ramos
- Instituto Dan Beninson, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Av. General Paz 1499 (1650), San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | | | - F Cantargi
- Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Centro Atómico Bariloche, Av. Bustillo 9500 (8500), Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
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Ramos R, Sztejnberg Gonçalves-Carralves M, Cantargi F. Bioneutronics: Thermal scattering in organics tissues and its impact on BNCT dosimetry. Appl Radiat Isot 2015; 104:55-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2015.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Revised: 05/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Minsky DM, Kreiner AJ. Near threshold ⁷Li(p,n) ⁷Be reaction as neutron source for BNCT. Appl Radiat Isot 2015; 106:68-71. [PMID: 26235187 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2015.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
(7)Li(p,n)(7)Be is an endothermic reaction and working near its threshold (1.88 MeV) has the advantage of neutron spectra with maximum energies of about 100 keV, considerably lower than at higher beam energies, or than using other neutron-producing reactions or as for the uranium fission spectrum, relevant for BNCT based on nuclear reactors. With this primary energy it is much easier to obtain the energies needed for treating deep seated tumors by BNCT (about 10 keV). This work studies bombarding energies up to 2.05 MeV, different beam incidence angles and the effect of the undesirable gamma production via the (7)Li(p,γp') (7)Li reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Minsky
- Gerencia de Investigación y Aplicaciones, CNEA, Av. Gral Paz 1499 (B1650KNA), San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Escuela de Ciencia y Tecnología, UNSAM, M. de Irigoyen 3100 (1650), San Martín, Argentina; CONICET, Av. Rivadavia 1917 (C1033AAJ), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - A J Kreiner
- Gerencia de Investigación y Aplicaciones, CNEA, Av. Gral Paz 1499 (B1650KNA), San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Escuela de Ciencia y Tecnología, UNSAM, M. de Irigoyen 3100 (1650), San Martín, Argentina; CONICET, Av. Rivadavia 1917 (C1033AAJ), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Lee PY, Liu YH, Jiang SH. Dosimetric performance evaluation regarding proton beam incident angles of a lithium-based AB-BNCT design. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2014; 161:403-409. [PMID: 24493784 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/nct362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The (7)Li(p,xn)(7)Be nuclear reaction, based on the low-energy protons, could produce soft neutrons for accelerator-based boron neutron capture therapy (AB-BNCT). Based on the fact that the induced neutron field is relatively divergent, the relationship between the incident angle of proton beam and the neutron beam quality was evaluated in this study. To provide an intense epithermal neutron beam, a beam-shaping assembly (BSA) was designed. And a modified Snyder head phantom was used in the calculations for evaluating the dosimetric performance. From the calculated results, the intensity of epithermal neutrons increased with the increase in proton incident angle. Hence, either the irradiation time or the required proton current can be reduced. When the incident angle of 2.5-MeV proton beam is 120°, the required proton current is ∼13.3 mA for an irradiation time of half an hour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Yi Lee
- Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Hao Liu
- Nuclear Science and Technology Development Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Shiang-Huei Jiang
- Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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Farías RO, Bortolussi S, Menéndez PR, González SJ. Exploring Boron Neutron Capture Therapy for non-small cell lung cancer. Phys Med 2014; 30:888-97. [PMID: 25176019 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2014.07.342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Revised: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) is a radiotherapy that combines biological targeting and high LET radiation. It consists in the enrichment of tumour with (10)B and in the successive irradiation of the target with low energy neutrons producing charged particles that mainly cause non-repairable damages to the cells. The feasibility to treat Non Small Cells Lung Cancer (NSCLC) with BNCT was explored. This paper proposes a new approach to determine treatment plans, introducing the possibility to choose the irradiation start and duration to maximize the tumour dose. A Tumour Control Probability (TCP) suited for lung BNCT as well as other high dose radiotherapy schemes was also introduced. Treatment plans were evaluated in localized and disseminated lung tumours. Semi-ideal and real energy spectra beams were employed to assess the best energy range and the performance of non-tailored neutron sources for lung tumour treatments. The optimal neutron energy is within [500 eV-3 keV], lower than the 10 keV suggested for the treatment of deep-seated tumours in the brain. TCPs higher than 0.6 and up to 0.95 are obtained for all cases. Conclusions drawn from [Suzuki et al., Int Canc Conf J 1 (4) (2012) 235-238] supporting the feasibility of BNCT for shallow lung tumours are confirmed, however discussions favouring the treatment of deeper lesions and disseminated disease are also opened. Since BNCT gives the possibility to deliver a safe and potentially effective treatment for NSCLC, it can be considered a suitable alternative for patients with few or no treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén O Farías
- Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA), Av. Gral. Paz 1499, Buenos Aires B1650KNA, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Av. Rivadavia 1917, Buenos Aires C1033AAJ, Argentina
| | - Silva Bortolussi
- Department of Physics, University of Pavia, via Bassi 6, Pavia 27100, Italy; National Institute of Nuclear Physics (INFN), via Bassi 6, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Pablo R Menéndez
- Insituto de Oncología "Angel H. Roffo", Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. San Martin, n° 5421, Buenos Aires C1417DTB, Argentina
| | - Sara J González
- Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA), Av. Gral. Paz 1499, Buenos Aires B1650KNA, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Av. Rivadavia 1917, Buenos Aires C1033AAJ, Argentina.
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45
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9Be(d,n)10B-based neutron sources for BNCT. Appl Radiat Isot 2014; 88:190-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2013.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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46
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Minsky D, Kreiner A. Beam shaping assembly optimization for 7Li(p,n)7Be accelerator based BNCT. Appl Radiat Isot 2014; 88:233-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2013.11.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Revised: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 11/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Lee PY, Liu YH, Jiang SH. Are high energy proton beams ideal for AB-BNCT? A brief discussion from the viewpoint of fast neutron contamination control. Appl Radiat Isot 2014; 88:206-10. [PMID: 24721900 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2014.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Revised: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
High energy proton beam (>8MeV) is favorable for producing neutrons with high yield. However, the produced neutrons are of high energies. These high energy neutrons can cause severe fast neutron contamination and degrade the BNCT treatment quality if they are not appropriately moderated. Hence, this study aims to briefly discuss the issue, from the viewpoint of fast neutron contamination control, whether high energy proton beam is ideal for AB-BNCT or not. In this study, D2O, PbF4, CaF2, and Fluental(™) were used standalone as moderator materials to slow down 1-, 6-, and 10-MeV parallelly incident neutrons. From the calculated results, we concluded that neutrons produced by high energy proton beam could not be easily moderated by a single moderator to an acceptable contamination level and still with reasonable epithermal neutron beam intensity. Hence, much more complicated and sophisticated designs of beam shaping assembly have to be developed when using high energy proton beams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Yi Lee
- Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Hao Liu
- Nuclear Science and Technology Development Center, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
| | - Shiang-Huei Jiang
- Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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Praena J, Sabaté-Gilarte M, Porras I, Esquinas PL, Quesada JM, Mastinu P. (33)S as a cooperative capturer for BNCT. Appl Radiat Isot 2014; 88:203-5. [PMID: 24491680 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2013.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Revised: 12/31/2013] [Accepted: 12/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
(33)S is a stable isotope of sulfur for which the emission of an α-particle is the dominant exit channel for neutron-induced reactions. In this work the enhancement of both the absorbed and the equivalent biologically weighted dose in a BNCT treatment with 13.5keV neutrons, due to the presence of (33)S, has been tested by means of Monte Carlo simulations. The kerma-fluence factors for the ICRU-4 tissue have been calculated using standard weighting factors. The simulations depend crucially on the scarce (33)S(n,α)(30)Si cross-section data. The presence of a high resonance at 13.5keV was established by previous authors providing discrepant resonance parameters. No experimental data below 10keV are available. All of this has motivated a proposal of experiment at the n_TOF facility at CERN. A setup was designed and tested in 2011. Some results of the successful test will be shown. The experiment is scheduled for the period November to December 2012.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Praena
- Universidad de Sevilla, Spain; Centro Nacional de Aceleradores (US-JA-CSIC), Seville, Spain.
| | - M Sabaté-Gilarte
- Universidad de Sevilla, Spain; Centro Nacional de Aceleradores (US-JA-CSIC), Seville, Spain
| | | | - P L Esquinas
- Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | | | - P Mastinu
- Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, INFN, Padova, Italy
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Investigation on F/M material aspects of IRT-Sofia NCT channel. Appl Radiat Isot 2013; 88:180-4. [PMID: 24359789 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2013.11.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Revised: 11/24/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The filter/moderator area of IRT-Sofia BNCT channel was investigated in this study in order to find a higher radiation resistant material as a suitable substitution for the Teflon(®). Two options - Al2O3 and graphite - were investigated. The results show, that both graphite and the Al2O3 can be successfully used as a filter/moderator material at IRT-Sofia. Initial evaluation of the in-phantom performance of the IRT-Sofia BNCT channel was made and merits similar to the best existing ones were found.
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50
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Enger SA, Giusti V, Fortin MA, Lundqvist H, af Rosenschöld PM. Dosimetry for gadolinium neutron capture therapy (GdNCT). RADIAT MEAS 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2013.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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