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Barkeer S, Pothuraju R, Malakar P, Pimentel TC, Siddiqui JA, Nair SA. Gum acacia dietary fiber: Significance in immunomodulation, inflammatory diseases, and cancer. Phytother Res 2024; 38:1509-1521. [PMID: 38272848 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Gum arabic/acacia (GA), derived from Acacia trees, is a versatile natural product offering a broad spectrum of applications. Its rich content of soluble dietary fibers, coupled with a low caloric profile, renders GA a valuable dietary component associated with numerous health benefits. Furthermore, its fermentation by gut microbiota yields short-chain fatty acids, renowned for their positive impact on health. Immunomodulation, a crucially regulated mechanism in the body, serves to fend off pathogenic infections by releasing pro-inflammatory cytokines. However, prolonged synthesis of these cytokines can lead to chronic inflammation, tissue damage, and potentially contribute to the development of autoimmune diseases and cancer. Hence, there is an urgent need to identify plant-based biomolecules that can effectively reduce inflammation and inhibit inflammation-induced complications or disorders. In this context, edible biomolecules like GA are gaining prominence for their noteworthy immunomodulatory properties. Therefore, in the present review we have explored the role of GA in immunomodulation, inflammation, and inflammation-associated metabolic diseases, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srikanth Barkeer
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Agriculture, Gangavathi, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, India
| | - Ramesh Pothuraju
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Pushkar Malakar
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, School of Biological Sciences, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Educational and Research Institute, Narendrapur, India
| | | | - Jawed A Siddiqui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA
| | - S Asha Nair
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
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Kamrani S, Aghamiri SMR, Hashemi S. Dose characteristics of Au-198 eye brachytherapy applicator: A Monte Carlo study. Appl Radiat Isot 2021; 176:109866. [PMID: 34293507 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2021.109866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The use of ocular plaques is a promising treatment option for eye melanoma brachytherapy. Although several studies have been done on various ocular plaques, little is known about the dose characterization of 198Au plaque. MATERIALS AND METHOD The full mathematical model of the eye phantom, tumor, 106Ru/106Rh CCA, and 198Au plaque were simulated using the Monte Carlo MCNPX code. The dose distribution was measured in the plaque's central axis direction, and a dose profile was also measured at a distance of 2.5 mm from the plaque surface. RESULTS The findings showed that 198Au plaque has superior dosimetric characteristics than CCA plaque for tumors with a thickness of greater than 3.5 mm, while CCA plaque is better for tumors with a thickness of less than 3.5 mm. The dose to the sclera and choroid is higher in the case of CCA plaque, while the dose to the organs at risk (lens and optic nerve) is greater in the case of 198Au applicator. In the case of 198Au plaque, however, the dose to sensitive organs was within their permissible dose range. CONCLUSION In the treatment of medium and large tumors, 198Au plaque is more successful than CCA plaque. It can produce a much more homogeneous lateral dose profile in the target. In the treatment of dome-shaped tumors, 198Au plaque may be more successful than CCA plaque. As a result, the tumor's shape influences the plaque type selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Kamrani
- Medical Radiation Department, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Samaneh Hashemi
- Medical Radiation Department, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
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Thomson RM, Furutani KM, Kaulich TW, Mourtada F, Rivard MJ, Soares CG, Vanneste FM, Melhus CS. AAPM recommendations on medical physics practices for ocular plaque brachytherapy: Report of task group 221. Med Phys 2020; 47:e92-e124. [PMID: 31883269 DOI: 10.1002/mp.13996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) formed Task Group 221 (TG-221) to discuss a generalized commissioning process, quality management considerations, and clinical physics practice standards for ocular plaque brachytherapy. The purpose of this report is also, in part, to aid the clinician to implement recommendations of the AAPM TG-129 report, which placed emphasis on dosimetric considerations for ocular brachytherapy applicators used in the Collaborative Ocular Melanoma Study (COMS). This report is intended to assist medical physicists in establishing a new ocular brachytherapy program and, for existing programs, in reviewing and updating clinical practices. The report scope includes photon- and beta-emitting sources and source:applicator combinations. Dosimetric studies for photon and beta sources are reviewed to summarize the salient issues and provide references for additional study. The components of an ocular plaque brachytherapy quality management program are discussed, including radiation safety considerations, source calibration methodology, applicator commissioning, imaging quality assurance tests for treatment planning, treatment planning strategies, and treatment planning system commissioning. Finally, specific guidelines for commissioning an ocular plaque brachytherapy program, clinical physics practice standards in ocular plaque brachytherapy, and other areas reflecting the need for specialized treatment planning systems, measurement phantoms, and detectors (among other topics) to support the clinical practice of ocular brachytherapy are presented. Expected future advances and developments for ocular brachytherapy are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rowan M Thomson
- Carleton Laboratory for Radiotherapy Physics, Physics Department, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Keith M Furutani
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Theodor W Kaulich
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Tübingen, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Firas Mourtada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Christiana Care Hospital, Newark, DE, 19713, USA
| | - Mark J Rivard
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | | | | | - Christopher S Melhus
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
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Anjomrouz M, Bakht MK, Sadeghi M. Feasibility study of FLUKA Monte Carlo simulation for a beta-emitting brachytherapy source: dosimetric parameters of 142Pr glass seed. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-016-4744-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Axiak-Bechtel SM, Upendran A, Lattimer JC, Kelsey J, Cutler CS, Selting KA, Bryan JN, Henry CJ, Boote E, Tate DJ, Bryan ME, Katti KV, Kannan R. Gum arabic-coated radioactive gold nanoparticles cause no short-term local or systemic toxicity in the clinically relevant canine model of prostate cancer. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9:5001-11. [PMID: 25378926 PMCID: PMC4218919 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s67333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Gum arabic-coated radioactive gold nanoparticles (GA-198AuNPs) offer several advantages over traditional brachytherapy in the treatment of prostate cancer, including homogenous dose distribution and higher dose-rate irradiation. Our objective was to determine the short-term safety profile of GA-198AuNPs injected intralesionally. We proposed that a single treatment of GA-198AuNPs would be safe with minimal-to-no evidence of systemic or local toxicity. Methods Nine dogs with spontaneously occurring prostatic cancer were treated. Injections were performed with ultrasound or computerized tomography guidance. Complete blood counts, chemistry panels, and urinalyses were performed at weekly intervals for 1 month and imaging was repeated 4 weeks postinjection. Planar scintigraphic images were obtained within 30 minutes of injection. Results No statistically significant difference was found in any hematologic or biochemical parameter studied, nor was any evidence of tumor swelling or abscessation found in eight dogs with repeat imaging; one dog died secondary to urethral obstruction 12 days following injection. At 30 minutes postinjection, an average of 53% of injected dose in seven dogs was retained in the prostate, with loss of remaining activity in the bladder and urethra; no systemic uptake was detected. Conclusion GA-198AuNP therapy had no short-term toxicity in the treatment of prostatic cancer. While therapeutic agent was found in the prostate immediately following injection, some loss of agent was detected in the bladder and urethra. Localization of radioactivity within the prostate was lower than anticipated and likely due to normal vestigial prostatic ducts. Therefore, further study of retention, dosimetry, long-term toxicity, and efficacy of this treatment is warranted prior to Phase I trials in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra M Axiak-Bechtel
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Anandhi Upendran
- Department of Physics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA ; Nanoparticle Biochem, Inc., and Shasun-NBI LLC, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Jimmy C Lattimer
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - James Kelsey
- Nanoparticle Biochem, Inc., and Shasun-NBI LLC, Columbia, MO, USA ; Missouri University Research Reactor, Columbia, MO, USA
| | | | - Kim A Selting
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Jeffrey N Bryan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Carolyn J Henry
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA ; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | | | - Deborah J Tate
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Margaret E Bryan
- Department of Statistics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Kattesh V Katti
- Nanoparticle Biochem, Inc., and Shasun-NBI LLC, Columbia, MO, USA ; Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Raghuraman Kannan
- Nanoparticle Biochem, Inc., and Shasun-NBI LLC, Columbia, MO, USA ; Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
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A Monte Carlo evaluation of dose enhancement by cisplatin and titanocene dichloride chemotherapy drugs in brachytherapy with photon emitting sources. AUSTRALASIAN PHYSICAL & ENGINEERING SCIENCES IN MEDICINE 2014; 37:327-36. [DOI: 10.1007/s13246-014-0266-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2013] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Bahreyni Toossi MT, Ghorbani M, Mehrpouyan M, Akbari F, Sobhkhiz Sabet L, Soleimani Meigooni A. A Monte Carlo study on tissue dose enhancement in brachytherapy: a comparison between gadolinium and gold nanoparticles. AUSTRALASIAN PHYSICAL & ENGINEERING SCIENCES IN MEDICINE 2012; 35:177-85. [PMID: 22700179 DOI: 10.1007/s13246-012-0143-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2012] [Accepted: 05/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to quantify the dose enhancement by gadolinium and gold nanoparticles in brachytherapy. MCNPX Monte Carlo code was used to simulate four brachytherapy sources: (60)Co, (198)Au, (192)Ir, (169)Yb. To verify the accuracy of our simulations, the obtained values of dose rate constants and radial dose functions were compared with corresponding published values for these sources. To study dose enhancements, a spherical soft tissue phantom with 15 cm in radius was simulated. Gadolinium and gold nanoparticles at 10, 20 and 30 mg/ml concentrations were separately assumed in a 1 × 1 × 1 cm(3) volume simulating tumour. The simulated dose to the tumour with the impurity was compared to the dose without impurity, as a function of radial distance and concentration of the impurity, to determine the enhancement of dose due to the presence of the impurity. Dose enhancements in the tumour obtained in the presence of gadolinium and gold nanoparticles with concentration of 30 mg/ml, were found to be in the range of -0.5-106.1 and 0.4-153.1 % respectively. In addition, at higher radial distances from the source center, higher dose enhancements were observed. GdNPs can be used as a high atomic number material to enhance dose in tumour volume with dose enhancements up to 106.1 % when used in brachytherapy. Regardless considering the clinical limitations of the here-in presented model, for a similar source and concentration of nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles show higher dose enhancement than gadolinium nanoparticles and can have more clinical usefulness as dose enhancer material.
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Sinclair WK. 198Au seeds. Med Phys 2006; 32:3862; author reply 3863. [PMID: 16475786 DOI: 10.1118/1.2128764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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