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Vásquez-Montoya GA, Emeršič T, Atzin N, Tavera-Vázquez A, Mozaffari A, Zhang R, Guzmán O, Snezhko A, Nealey PF, de Pablo JJ. Control of liquid crystals combining surface acoustic waves, nematic flows, and microfluidic confinement. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:397-406. [PMID: 38105746 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm01443f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
The optical properties of liquid crystals serve as the basis for display, diagnostic, and sensing technologies. Such properties are generally controlled by relying on electric fields. In this work, we investigate the effects of microfluidic flows and acoustic fields on the molecular orientation and the corresponding optical response of nematic liquid crystals. Several previously unknown structures are identified, which are rationalized in terms of a state diagram as a function of the strengths of the flow and the acoustic field. The new structures are interpreted by relying on calculations with a free energy functional expressed in terms of the tensorial order parameter, using continuum theory simulations in the Landau-de Gennes framework. Taken together, the findings presented here offer promise for the development of new systems based on combinations of sound, flow, and confinement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tadej Emeršič
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
| | - Noe Atzin
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
| | - Antonio Tavera-Vázquez
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
| | - Ali Mozaffari
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
- OpenEye Scientific, Cadence Molecular Sciences, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Physics, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Orlando Guzmán
- Departamento de Física, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Ciudad de México 09340, Mexico
| | - Alexey Snezhko
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Paul F Nealey
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Juan J de Pablo
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
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Omidali M, Mardanshahi A, Särestöniemi M, Zhao Z, Myllylä T. Acousto-Optics: Recent Studies and Medical Applications. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13020186. [PMID: 36831952 PMCID: PMC9953934 DOI: 10.3390/bios13020186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Development of acousto-optic (AO) techniques has made progress in recent years across a range of medical application fields, especially in improving resolution, detection speed, and imaging depth. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in AO-based techniques that have been presented after the previously published review in 2017. The survey covers a description of theoretical modeling strategies and numerical simulation methods as well as recent applications in medical fields. It also provides a comparison between different techniques in terms of complexity, achieved depth in tissue, and resolution. In addition, a comparison between different numerical simulation methods will be outlined. Additionally, a number of challenges faced by AO techniques are considered, particularly in the context of realistic in vivo imaging. Finally, the paper discusses prospects of AO-based medical diagnosis methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Omidali
- Optoelectronics and Measurement Techniques Research Unit, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, 90570 Oulu, Finland
| | - Ali Mardanshahi
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland
| | - Mariella Särestöniemi
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland
- Center for Wireless Communications, University of Oulu, 90570 Oulu, Finland
| | - Zuomin Zhao
- Optoelectronics and Measurement Techniques Research Unit, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, 90570 Oulu, Finland
| | - Teemu Myllylä
- Optoelectronics and Measurement Techniques Research Unit, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, 90570 Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland
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Cao Y, Zhong X, Diao W, Mu J, Cheng Y, Jia Z. Radiomics in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer and Nodules: Explorations, Application, and Limitations. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2436. [PMID: 34069887 PMCID: PMC8157383 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiomics is an emerging technique that allows the quantitative extraction of high-throughput features from single or multiple medical images, which cannot be observed directly with the naked eye, and then applies to machine learning approaches to construct classification or prediction models. This method makes it possible to evaluate tumor status and to differentiate malignant from benign tumors or nodules in a more objective manner. To date, the classification and prediction value of radiomics in DTC patients have been inconsistent. Herein, we summarize the available literature on the classification and prediction performance of radiomics-based DTC in various imaging techniques. More specifically, we reviewed the recent literature to discuss the capacity of radiomics to predict lymph node (LN) metastasis, distant metastasis, tumor extrathyroidal extension, disease-free survival, and B-Raf proto-oncogene serine/threonine kinase (BRAF) mutation and differentiate malignant from benign nodules. This review discusses the application and limitations of the radiomics process, and explores its ability to improve clinical decision-making with the hope of emphasizing its utility for DTC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Cao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610040, China; (Y.C.); (X.Z.); (W.D.); (J.M.)
| | - Xiao Zhong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610040, China; (Y.C.); (X.Z.); (W.D.); (J.M.)
| | - Wei Diao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610040, China; (Y.C.); (X.Z.); (W.D.); (J.M.)
| | - Jingshi Mu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610040, China; (Y.C.); (X.Z.); (W.D.); (J.M.)
| | - Yue Cheng
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610040, China;
| | - Zhiyun Jia
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610040, China; (Y.C.); (X.Z.); (W.D.); (J.M.)
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Biscari P, DiCarlo A, Turzi SS. Anisotropic wave propagation in nematic liquid crystals. SOFT MATTER 2014; 10:8296-8307. [PMID: 25191829 DOI: 10.1039/c4sm01067a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Despite the fact that quantitative experimental data have been available for more than forty years now, nematoacoustics still poses intriguing theoretical and experimental problems. In this paper, we prove that the main observed features of acoustic wave propagation through a nematic liquid crystal cell - namely, the frequency-dependent anisotropy of sound velocity and acoustic attenuation - can be explained by properly accounting for two fundamental features of the nematic response: anisotropy and relaxation. The latter concept - new in liquid crystal modelling - provides the first theoretical explanation of the structural relaxation process hypothesised long ago by Mullen and co-workers [Mullen et al., Phys. Rev. Lett., 1972, 28, 799]. We compare and contrast our proposal with an alternative theory where the liquid crystal is modelled as an anisotropic second-gradient fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Biscari
- Dipartimento di Matematica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32 20133 Milano, Italy.
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Liu YJ, Lu M, Ding X, Leong ESP, Lin SCS, Shi J, Teng JH, Wang L, Bunning TJ, Huang TJ. Holographically formed, acoustically switchable gratings based on polymer-dispersed liquid crystals. JOURNAL OF LABORATORY AUTOMATION 2012; 18:291-5. [PMID: 22909448 DOI: 10.1177/2211068212455632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
We report holographic polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (H-PDLC) gratings driven by surface acoustic waves (SAWs). Our experiments show that upon applying SAWs, the H-PDLC grating exhibited switchable properties: The diffraction of the H-PDLC grating decreased, whereas the transmission increased. This acoustically switchable behavior is due to the acoustic streaming-induced realignment of liquid crystals as well as absorption-resulted thermal diffusion. Such SAW-driven H-PDLC gratings are potentially useful in many photonic applications, such as optical switches, spatial light modulators, and switchable add/drop filters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Jun Liu
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, PA, USA
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Sandhu JS, Schoonover RW, Weber JI, Tawiah J, Kunin V, Anastasio MA. TRANSDUCER FIELD IMAGING USING ACOUSTOGRAPHY. ADVANCES IN ACOUSTICS AND VIBRATION 2012; 2012:275858. [PMID: 23967016 PMCID: PMC3746745 DOI: 10.1155/2012/275858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A common current practice for transducer field mapping is to scan, point-by-point, a hydrophone element in a 2D raster at various distances from the transducer radiating surface. This approach is tedious, requiring hours of scanning time to generate full cross-sectional and/or axial field distributions. Moreover, the lateral resolution of the field distribution image is dependent on the indexing steps between data points. Acoustography is an imaging process in which an acousto-optical (AO) area sensor is employed to record the intensity of an ultrasound wavefield on a two-dimensional plane. This paper reports on the application of acoustography as a simple but practical method for assessing transducer field characteristics. A case study performed on a commercial transducer is reported, where the radiated fields are imaged using acoustography and compared to the corresponding quantities that are predicted numerically.
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Rodríguez GL, Weber J, Sandhu JS, Anastasio MA. Feasibility study of complex wavefield retrieval in off-axis acoustic holography employing an acousto-optic sensor. ULTRASONICS 2011; 51:847-852. [PMID: 21669451 PMCID: PMC3143226 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2011.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2011] [Revised: 04/29/2011] [Accepted: 05/03/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We propose and experimentally demonstrate a new method for complex-valued wavefield retrieval in off-axis acoustic holography. The method involves use of an intensity-sensitive acousto-optic (AO) sensor, optimized for use at 3.3 MHz, to record the acoustic hologram and a computational method for reconstruction of the object wavefield. The proposed method may circumvent limitations of conventional implementations of acoustic holography and may facilitate the development of acoustic-holography-based biomedical imaging methods.
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Liu YJ, Ding X, Lin SCS, Shi J, Chiang IK, Huang TJ. Surface acoustic wave driven light shutters using polymer-dispersed liquid crystals. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2011; 23:1656-1659. [PMID: 21438028 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201003708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2010] [Revised: 11/24/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Jun Liu
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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