Dietary supplementation and improved anaerobic performance

Acute Effect of Oral Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Supplementation on Muscular Performance in Trained Adults

INTRODUCTION

Adenosine Triphosphate is a molecule with the function of generating energy, where high levels are directly related to cellular and muscular health. Oral supplementation appears as a possibility to guarantee such levels, and is normally consumed in capsules, which can be acute or chronic.

OBJECTIVES

To verify the influence of a dose of ATP on muscular performance in adults.

METHODS

This is an acute, crossover, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled intervention study. 18 trained men were recruited, with an average age of 27.95 years. Two visits were made to the laboratory, where each of the protocols consisted of randomized supplementation of 400 mg of Peak ATP® or placebo, and 30 min later, five series were performed, where the first consisted of five repetitions and the following four of ten repetitions at 60° per second in knee extension and flexion on a Biodex® 4.0 isokinetic dynamometer, where the volunteers' muscle strength and resistance to fatigue were measured. For data analysis, data normality was assessed using Shapiro Wilk, the ANOVA repeated measures test with Bonferroni post hoc. To identify the size of the effect, the Cohen test was performed, and the statistical package used was SPSS 25 with an applied significance of p < 0.05.

RESULTS

Acute supplementation was unable to achieve significant improvements in muscle strength indicators. The supplement delays drops in strength as the exercise progresses in knee extension compared to the placebo.

CONCLUSIONS

An acute dose of 400 mg of ATP did not improve the volunteers' muscle strength indicators, but it was able to reduce fatigue levels as the exercise progressed, enabling greater performance for longer.

Oral Adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP) Administration Increases Postexercise ATP Levels, Muscle Excitability, and Athletic Performance Following a Repeated Sprint Bout

OBJECTIVE

Oral adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP) administration has failed to increase plasma ATP levels; however, chronic supplementation with ATP has shown to increase power, strength, lean body mass, and blood flow in trained athletes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of ATP supplementation on postexercise ATP levels and on muscle activation and excitability and power following a repeated sprint bout.

METHODS

In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized design, 42 healthy male individuals were given either 400 mg of ATP as disodium salt or placebo for 2 weeks prior to an exercise bout. During the exercise bout, muscle activation and excitability (ME, ratio of power output to muscle activation) and Wingate test peak power were measured during all sprints. ATP and metabolites were measured at baseline, after supplementation, and immediately following exercise.

RESULTS

Oral ATP supplementation prevented a drop in ATP, adenosine-5'-diphosphate (ADP), and adenosine-5'-monophosphate (AMP) levels postexercise (p < 0.05). No group by time interaction was observed for muscle activation. Following the supplementation period, muscle excitability significantly decreased in later bouts 8, 9, and 10 in the placebo group (-30.5, -28.3, and -27.9%, respectively; p < 0.02), whereas ATP supplementation prevented the decline in later bouts. ATP significantly increased Wingate peak power in later bouts compared to baseline (bout 8: +18.3%, bout 10: +16.3%).

CONCLUSIONS

Oral ATP administration prevents exercise-induced declines in ATP and its metabolite and enhances peak power and muscular excitability, which may be beneficial for sports requiring repeated high-intensity sprinting bouts.

Thermogenic effect from nutritionally enriched coffee consumption

BACKGROUND

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of nutritionally enriched JavaFittrade mark (JF) coffee (450 mg of caffeine, 1200 mg of garcinia cambogia, 360 mg of citrus aurantium extract, and 225 mcg of chromium polynicotinate) on resting oxygen uptake (VO2), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), heart rate (HR), and blood pressure (BP) in healthy and physically active individuals.

METHOD

Ten subjects (8 male, 2 female; 20.9 +/- 1.7 y; 178.1 +/- 10.4 cm; 71.8 +/- 12.1 kg) underwent two testing sessions administered in a randomized and double-blind fashion. During each session, subjects reported to the Human Performance Laboratory after at least 3-h post-absorptive state and were provided either 354 ml (1.5 cups) of freshly brewed JF or commercially available caffeinated coffee (P). Subjects then rested in a semi-recumbent position for three hours. VO2 and HR were determined every 5 min during the first 30 min and every 10 min during the next 150 min. BP was determined every 15 min during the first 30 min and every 30 min thereafter. Area under the curve (AUC) analysis was computed for VO2, whereas a session-average was calculated for RER, HR and BP.

RESULTS

Initial analysis revealed no significant differences. However, seven of the ten subjects were considered responders to JF (had a higher AUC for VO2during JF than P). Statistical analysis showed the difference between JF and P (12%) to be significantly different in these responders. In addition, the average systolic BP was higher (p < 0.05) in JF (118 +/- 7 mmHg) than P (115 +/- 8 mmHg) in both the total sample and the subgroup of responders. No differences in average HR and average diastolic BP were observed between JF and P in both the total sample and the subgroup of responders.

CONCLUSION

It appears that consuming a nutritionally-enriched coffee beverage may increase resting energy expenditure in individuals that are sensitive to the caffeine and herbal coffee supplement. In addition, this supplement also appears to affect cardiovascular dynamics by augmenting systolic arterial blood pressure.

Reduction of plasma lactate elevation and proteinuria by a complex dietary supplement in swimmers during over-loading training

Endurance training aiming at eliciting further increase of physical performance of competitive athletes demands serious time and intensity constraints. In addition, very high intensity training could lead to "over-loading" frequently associated with increased concentration of plasma lactate after maximum intensity exercise and proteinuria. We hypothesized that a newly available complex dietary (CD) supplement by providing the necessary substances and cofactors for increased tissue metabolism would reduce the increase in plasma lactate concentration and proteinuria after maximum intensity exercise in swimmers undergoing high intensity training and exercise (70 km/week, for 6 weeks) period. Subjects involved in the investigation were junior swimmers (n = 10). Data were collected four times during the third macrocycle of training; 1st: before, 2nd: after 10 days and 3rd: 14 days after withdrawal of CD-supplement, whereas 4th: after 10 days of placebo treatment. The study was a double-blinded random controlled investigation. In the first period, plasma lactate concentration was 8.4 +/- 2.1 mmol/l, whereas protein level in the urine was 8.9 +/- 5.8 mg/l. After use of CD-supplement plasma lactate concentration significantly decreased to 5.5 +/- 1.9 mmol/l and proteinuria decreased to 1.3 +/- 2.1 mg/l (p<0.05). Importantly, the intensity and the volume of the training did not change during the observation period. Thus, use of CD-supplement significantly reduced the increase in plasma lactate and proteinuria after maximum intensity exercise in athletes (swimmers) undergoing high endurance training despite maintained training load. We propose that the special components of CD-supplement support the mechanisms responsible for lactate elimination and reduction of protein catabolism and/or increase of protein reabsorption. These adaptations are likely to allow the athletes to undergo higher intensity training resulting in greater performance.