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Anjana RM, Ranjani H, Cerin E, Akram M, Salmon J, Conway TL, Cain KL, Pradeepa R, Barnett A, Sit CHP, Van Dyck D, Hino AA, Pizarro A, Oyeyemi AL, Muda WAMW, Moran MR, Troelsen J, Mitáš J, Islam MZ, Queralt A, Mohan V, Hinckson E, Sallis JF. Associations of perceived neighbourhood and home environments with sedentary behaviour among adolescents in 14 countries: the IPEN adolescent cross sectional observational study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2024; 21:136. [PMID: 39614267 PMCID: PMC11606016 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-024-01678-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 10/29/2024] [Indexed: 12/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding environmental correlates of sedentary behaviour (SB) among young people is important as such data can identify approaches to limit sedentary time. This paper estimates associations of parent-reported neighbourhood and adolescent-reported home environments with SB among adolescents aged 11-19 years from 14 countries. METHODS In the International Physical activity and the Environment Network (IPEN) Adolescent Study (an observational, cross-sectional multi-country study), adolescents wore a triaxial accelerometer for seven days that assessed sedentary time (ST). Adolescents completed survey measures of sedentary behaviour (SB) related to recreational screen time and sitting time in motor vehicles. Parents and adolescents completed surveys assessing neighbourhood and home environments. Accelerometer based ST was available in 3,982 adolescents while survey data were available for 6,302 dyads. We estimated the total and direct effects of each environmental attribute on ST and SB. Sex of the adolescent and city/country were examined as moderators. RESULTS The average ST in adolescents from 14 countries ranged from 7.8 to 10.5 h/day. Personal social media was the only significant correlate of total ST across both sexes. With respect to self-reported SB, adolescents accumulated an average of 3.8 h of non-school screen time per day and nearly 40 min of transport-related sitting time. Screen time was associated with all home environment variables, including social media account, as well as land use mix-diversity, traffic safety, and crime safety. Transport-related sitting time was related to land use mix-diversity, recreation facilities, walking facilities, and pedestrian infrastructure, but no home environment variables. City/country and sex were significant moderators of several associations. CONCLUSIONS Both home and neighbourhood environment features were related to ST and SB. Having social media accounts emerged as a major contributor towards sedentarism in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjit Mohan Anjana
- Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialities Centre and Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Harish Ranjani
- Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialities Centre and Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Ester Cerin
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Muhammad Akram
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jo Salmon
- Institute for Physical Activity, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Terry L Conway
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| | - Kelli L Cain
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| | - Rajendra Pradeepa
- Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialities Centre and Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anthony Barnett
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Cindy H P Sit
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Delfien Van Dyck
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Adriano Akira Hino
- Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Andreia Pizarro
- Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Porto, Portugal
| | - Adewale L Oyeyemi
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | | | - Mika R Moran
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Jens Troelsen
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Josef Mitáš
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - M Zakiul Islam
- Department of Architecture, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ana Queralt
- Department of Nursing, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Viswanathan Mohan
- Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialities Centre and Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Erica Hinckson
- Department of Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Sport & Recreation, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - James F Sallis
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA
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Firkin CJ, Obrusnikova I, Koch LC. Quantifying Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in Adults with Intellectual Disability: A Scoping Review of Assessment Methodologies. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1912. [PMID: 39408092 PMCID: PMC11476182 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12191912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2024] [Revised: 09/14/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 10/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Methodologies for assessing behavior form the foundation of health promotion and disease prevention. Physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) assessment methodologies have predominantly been developed for adults without an intellectual disability (ID), raising credibility concerns for adults with ID. The purpose was to synthesize the current state of assessment methodologies for quantifying PA and SB volume in the free-living setting for adults with an ID. Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, eleven databases were searched through December 2023, yielding 8174 records. Data were extracted in Covidence (v.2.0), obtaining quantified PA and SB volume and assessment methodology characteristics across data collection and analysis, including tool(s) and technique(s) used, preparatory actions taken, instructions provided, and behavioral strategies employed during data collection. Results: Of the 8174 articles screened, 91 met the inclusion criteria. Common metrics included minutes/hours per day/week and steps per day/week. Despite 80% of the studies using objective techniques, substantial variation existed across studies regarding wearable models, sampling frequency and epoch length settings, calibration protocols, wearable placements, and data processing techniques. Limited studies provided instructions that did not exclusively rely on spoken language. Behavioral strategies varied, including self-monitoring, providing assistance or supervision, administering questionnaires verbally, issuing reminders, and offering monetary incentives. Conclusions: This review underscores the need for greater consistency and accessibility in PA and SB assessment methodology for adults with ID. Tailored preparation, instruction, and behavioral strategies may enhance assessment viability and suitability for adults with ID, with or without caregiver or researcher involvement in the free-living setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cora J. Firkin
- Department of Health Behavior and Nutrition Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA;
| | - Iva Obrusnikova
- Department of Health Behavior and Nutrition Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA;
| | - Laura C. Koch
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada;
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Campos-Garzón P, Stewart T, Palma-Leal X, Molina-García J, Herrador-Colmenero M, Schipperijn J, Chillón P, Barranco-Ruiz Y. Are Spanish adolescents who actively commute to and from school more active in other domains? A spatiotemporal investigation. Health Place 2024; 86:103211. [PMID: 38428065 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
We examined the association between mode of commuting to/from school (i.e., walking, multimodal, and motorized-vehicle) and movement behaviours in several space-time domains (i.e., total day, home, school, transport, and other locations). Walking to and/or from school was associated with higher MVPA in all space-time domains except home, where no associations were found. After subtracting commuting time to/from school from total day domain, the associations in favour of walking to/from school were maintained compared to those using other commuting modes, and in transport domain these associations dissipated. The study suggests the importance of promoting walking to/from school for increasing MVPA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Campos-Garzón
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - T Stewart
- Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand
| | - X Palma-Leal
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain; IRyS Group, School of Physical Education, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Viña Del Mar, Chile
| | - J Molina-García
- AFIPS Research Group, Department of Teaching of Physical Education, Arts and Music, University of Valencia, Spain; Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-UJI-UV, Valencia, Spain.
| | - M Herrador-Colmenero
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain; La Inmaculada Teacher Training Centre, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - J Schipperijn
- Active Living, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense, Denmark
| | - P Chillón
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Y Barranco-Ruiz
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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Van Dyck D, Barnett A, Cerin E, Conway TL, Esteban-Cornejo I, Hinckson E, Rubín L, Rush E, Baron-Epel O, Cain KL, Christiansen LB, Islam MZ, Mitáš J, Molina-García J, Oyeyemi A, Ranjani H, Reis R, Santos MP, Sit C, Timperio A, Muda WAMW, Sallis JF. Associations of accelerometer measured school- and non-school based physical activity and sedentary time with body mass index: IPEN Adolescent study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2022; 19:85. [PMID: 35836235 PMCID: PMC9284738 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-022-01324-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study examined the strength, shape and direction of associations of accelerometer-assessed overall, school- and non-school-based moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time (ST) with BMI among adolescents across the world. Second, we examined whether these associations differed by study site and sex. Methods Cross-sectional data from the IPEN Adolescent study, an observational multi-country study, were used. Participants wore an accelerometer for seven days, reported height and weight, and completed a socio-demographic survey. In total, 4852 adolescents (46.6% boys), aged 11–19 years (mean age = 14.6, SD = 1.7 years) were included in the analyses, using generalized additive mixed models. Results Adolescents accumulated on average 41.3 (SD = 22.6) min/day of MVPA and 531.8 (SD = 81.1) min/day of ST, and the prevalence of overweight and obesity was 17.2% (IOTF), but these mean values differed by country. Linear negative associations of accelerometer-based MVPA and ST with standardized BMI scores and the likelihood of being overweight/obese were found. School-based ST and non-school-based MVPA were more strongly negatively associated to the outcomes than non-school based ST and school-based MVPA. Study site moderated the associations; adolescent sex did not. No curvilinear associations were found. Conclusions This multi-country study confirmed the importance of MVPA as a potential protective factor against overweight/obesity in adolescents. Non-school-based MVPA seemed to be the main driver of these associations. Unexpected results were found for ST, calling for further examination in methodologically sound international studies but using inclinometers or pressure sensors to provide more precise ST measures. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12966-022-01324-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delfien Van Dyck
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Anthony Barnett
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ester Cerin
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia.,School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Baker Health and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Terry L Conway
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Irene Esteban-Cornejo
- PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Erica Hinckson
- Faculty of Health and Environmental Science, School of Sport and Recreation, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Lukáš Rubín
- Institute of Active Lifestyle, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.,Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Science, Humanities and Education, Technical University of Liberec, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Elaine Rush
- Faculty of Health and Environmental Science, School of Sport and Recreation, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Kelli L Cain
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Lars Breum Christiansen
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Mohammed Zakiul Islam
- Department of Architecture, Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology (BUET), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Josef Mitáš
- Institute of Active Lifestyle, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Javier Molina-García
- AFIPS Research Group, Department of Musical, Visual and Corporal Expression Teaching, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Adewale Oyeyemi
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
| | | | - Rodrigo Reis
- Prevention Research Center, Brown School, Washington University, St Louis, USA.,Graduate Program in Urban Management, Pontifical Catholic University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Maria Paula Santos
- Faculty of Sport, Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cindy Sit
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Anna Timperio
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | | | - James F Sallis
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia.,Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
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5
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Oh AY, Caporaso A, Davis T, Dwyer LA, Nebeling LC, Liu B, Hennessy E. Effect of incentive amount on US adolescents' participation in an accelerometer data collection component of a national survey. FIELD METHODS 2021; 33:219-235. [PMID: 34326708 PMCID: PMC8315722 DOI: 10.1177/1525822x21989841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Behavioral research increasingly uses accelerometers to provide objective estimates of physical activity. This study extends research on methods for collecting accelerometer data among youth by examining whether the amount of a monetary incentive affects enrollment and compliance in a mail-based accelerometer study of adolescents. We invited a subset of adolescents in a national web-based study to wear an accelerometer for seven days and return it by mail; participants received either $20 or $40 for participating. Enrollment did not significantly differ by incentive amount. However, adolescents receiving the $40 incentive had significantly higher compliance (accelerometer wear and return). This difference was largely consistent across demographic subgroups. Those in the $40 group also wore the accelerometer for more time than the $20 group on the first two days of the study. Compared to $20, a $40 incentive may promote youth completion of mail-based accelerometer studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- April Y Oh
- Behavioral Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | | | | | | | - Linda C Nebeling
- Behavioral Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Benmei Liu
- Surveillance Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Erin Hennessy
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA
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Carver A, Akram M, Barnett A, Huang WY, Gao GY, Mellecker RR, Cerin E. Family, school and individual characteristics associated with adolescents' physical activity at school in Hong Kong: the iHealt(H) study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2021; 18:14. [PMID: 33468170 PMCID: PMC7816388 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-021-01085-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescents (11-18-year-olds) are at risk of physical inactivity. There is limited knowledge of physical activity (PA) levels among adolescents in the school setting in Hong Kong. We developed and tested a novel theoretical model of how household/family characteristics, school-level social and physical environmental factors and individual adolescent's characteristics impact on their school-based PA during and after school hours. METHODS Cross-sectional study participants were Hong Kong adolescents attending secondary school, paired with their parent/caregiver (n = 1299 dyads). Parents survey-reported on household/family characteristics, parental PA and rules related to PA. Adolescents survey-reported on school PA-friendly policy, PA equipment at school (combined to create PA-friendly index), social support for PA from peers, athletic ability, attitude to and enjoyment of PA. Adolescents self-reported their school-based PA during school hours (physical education; recess) and after school (sports teams/classes). Objectively-measured moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) was measured using accelerometers for a sub-sample of adolescents (n = 588). Generalized additive mixed models were used to estimate how household/family-level and school-level factors, and adolescents' individual characteristics were related to adolescents' school-based PA in Hong Kong, and to identify potential mediators of these associations. RESULTS A complex network of potential pathways of influence on adolescents' school-based PA was identified. Overall, most of the significant effects were indirect ones. However, there were far fewer significant pathways between household/family characteristics and objectively-measured MVPA at school than there were for self-reported PA at school. In fact, there were no indirect pathways between these variables and MVPA at school. Gender disparities among pathways were identified. For example, school PA-friendly index was significantly associated with MVPA after school only among girls (eb = 1.06, 95%CI (1.02,1.12)). CONCLUSIONS Key points of intervention identified by our study may be in the re-design of PE classes so that adolescents spend more time being physically active during these classes, and promotion of active play during recess. Further research measuring amount, intensity and location of adolescents' PA using accelerometer and Global Positioning Systems is required in Hong Kong, as well as observational studies of PA during PE classes and in the schoolyard during recess, to guide the design of PA interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Carver
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Level 5, 215 Spring Street, Melbourne, Victoria 3000 Australia
| | - Muhammad Akram
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Level 5, 215 Spring Street, Melbourne, Victoria 3000 Australia
| | - Anthony Barnett
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Level 5, 215 Spring Street, Melbourne, Victoria 3000 Australia
| | | | | | | | - Ester Cerin
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Level 5, 215 Spring Street, Melbourne, Victoria 3000 Australia
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Cain KL, Salmon J, Conway TL, Cerin E, Hinckson E, Mitáš J, Schipperijn J, Frank LD, Anjana RM, Barnett A, Dygrýn J, Islam MZ, Molina-García J, Moran M, Wan Muda WAM, Oyeyemi AL, Reis R, Santos MP, Schmidt T, Schofield GM, Timperio A, Van Dyck D, Sallis JF. International Physical Activity and Built Environment Study of adolescents: IPEN Adolescent design, protocol and measures. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e046636. [PMID: 33462102 PMCID: PMC7813342 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Only international studies can provide the full variability of built environments and accurately estimate effect sizes of relations between contrasting environments and health-related outcomes. The aims of the International Physical Activity and Environment Study of Adolescents (IPEN Adolescent) are to estimate the strength, shape and generalisability of associations of the community environment (geographic information systems (GIS)-based and self-reported) with physical activity and sedentary behaviour (accelerometer-measured and self-reported) and weight status (normal/overweight/obese). METHODS AND ANALYSIS The IPEN Adolescent observational, cross-sectional, multicountry study involves recruiting adolescent participants (ages 11-19 years) and one parent/guardian from neighbourhoods selected to ensure wide variations in walkability and socioeconomic status using common protocols and measures. Fifteen geographically, economically and culturally diverse countries, from six continents, participated: Australia, Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil, Czech Republic, Denmark, Hong Kong SAR, India, Israel, Malaysia, New Zealand, Nigeria, Portugal, Spain and USA. Countries provided survey and accelerometer data (15 countries), GIS data (11), global positioning system data (10), and pedestrian environment audit data (8). A sample of n=6950 (52.6% female; mean age=14.5, SD=1.7) adolescents provided survey data, n=4852 had 4 or more 8+ hours valid days of accelerometer data, and n=5473 had GIS measures. Physical activity and sedentary behaviour were measured by waist-worn ActiGraph accelerometers and self-reports, and body mass index was used to categorise weight status. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval was received from each study site's Institutional Review Board for their in-country studies. Informed assent by adolescents and consent by parents was obtained for all participants. No personally identifiable information was transferred to the IPEN coordinating centre for pooled datasets. Results will be communicated through standard scientific channels and findings used to advance the science of environmental correlates of physical activity, sedentary behaviour and weight status, with the ultimate goal to stimulate and guide actions to create more activity-supportive environments internationally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelli L Cain
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jo Salmon
- Institute of Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Terry L Conway
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ester Cerin
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- School of Public Health, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Erica Hinckson
- School of Sport & Recreation, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Josef Mitáš
- Institute of Active Lifestyle, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Olomoucký, Czech Republic
| | - Jasper Schipperijn
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Lawrence D Frank
- Urban Design 4 Health, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Urban Studies and Planning, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | | | - Anthony Barnett
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jan Dygrýn
- Institute of Active Lifestyle, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Olomoucký, Czech Republic
| | - Mohammed Zakiul Islam
- Department of Architecture, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka, Dhaka District, Bangladesh
| | - Javier Molina-García
- AFIPS research group, Department of Musical, Visual and Corporal Expression Teaching, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mika Moran
- Institute of Urban and Regional Development, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
- School of Public Health, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | | | - Adewale L Oyeyemi
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Borno, Nigeria
| | - Rodrigo Reis
- Prevention Research Center, Brown School at Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
- Graduate Program in Urban Management, Pontifical Catholic University of Parana, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Maria Paula Santos
- Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Tanja Schmidt
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Grant M Schofield
- School of Sport & Recreation, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Anna Timperio
- Institute of Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Delfien Van Dyck
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - James F Sallis
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Sallis JF, Conway TL, Cain KL, Geremia C, Bonilla E, Spoon C. Electronic Devices as Correlates of Sedentary Behavior and Screen Time Among Diverse Low-Income Adolescents During the School Year and Summer Time. JOURNAL OF HEALTHY EATING AND ACTIVE LIVING 2020; 1:27-40. [PMID: 37790138 PMCID: PMC10544927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Excessive screen time among adolescents increases risk for overweight and obesity. Having electronic devices in the adolescent's bedroom is associated with more screen time. The present study expanded on previous studies by also examining portable personal electronic devices and social media membership as correlates of screen time use and total sedentary time in the school year and summer among diverse low-income adolescents. Adolescents aged 10-17 years were recruited from lower-income areas; n=150 (34 African Americans, 23 American Indians, 16 Asian/Pacific Islanders, 39 Latinos, and 38 White/non-Hispanics) completed surveys and wore accelerometers in both the school year and summer. Total sedentary time was computed from accelerometers. Recreational screen time was assessed with a 3-item validated scale. Adolescents reported the presence of 6 electronic devices in their bedrooms, ownership of 4 portable devices, and social media membership. General linear modeling was conducted for both time periods, with demographic covariates and interactions with sex and race/ethnicity. More electronic devices in bedrooms were related to more screen time during the school year and summer, and to more total sedentary time in summer. Personal electronics were related only to more screen time in the school year. Social media membership was related to more total sedentary time in summer, but only among African Americans, American Indians, and non-Hispanic Whites. Electronic devices in bedrooms was confirmed as a risk factor for sedentary behavior among low-income adolescents of color. Social media membership and use should be further studied with diverse adolescents.
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Pratt M, Sallis JF, Cain KL, Conway TL, Palacios-Lopez A, Zezza A, Spoon C, Geremia CM, Gaddis I, Amankwah A, Friedman J, Kilic T. Physical activity and sedentary time in a rural adult population in Malawi compared with an age-matched US urban population. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2020; 6:e000812. [PMID: 33180060 PMCID: PMC7640500 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2020-000812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study was designed to assess patterns of objectively measured physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour in a sample of adults in a rural setting from a low-income Sub-Saharan African country (Malawi). The patterns of PA and sedentary behaviour in Malawi were compared with US data collected and analysed using the same methodology. Methods The Malawi PA data were collected as part of a survey experiment on the measurement of agricultural labor conducted under the World Bank Living Standards Measurement Study program. ActiGraph accelerometers (model GT3X) were worn on the right hip in a household-based sample of 414 working-age adults (15-85 years). Results Mean total and 95% CIs for PA by category in min/day for Malawi adults were: sedentary 387.6 (377.4-397.8), low-light 222.1 (214.7-229.5), high-light 136.3 (132.7-139.9), moderate 71.6 (68.8-74.5), vigorous 1.1 (0.5-1.8) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) 72.8 (69.7-75.9). Mean of PA and sedentary behavior (min/day) summed across age and sex groups are compared between Malawi and US samples: sedentary behaviour, 387.6 vs 525.8 (p<0.001); low-light, 222.1 vs 217.0 (p=ns); high-light, 136.3 vs 45.6 (p<0.001); moderate, 71.6 vs 28.0 (p<0.001); vigorous, 1.1 vs 2.5 (p<0.001); MVPA, 72.8 vs 30.5 (p<0.001). Compared with the USA, Malawi participants averaged consistently less sedentary time/day and more minutes/day in all intensity levels of PA, except for low-light and vigorous PA. Conclusion Overall, levels of MVPA and high-light activity in adults in Malawi were substantially higher and sedentary time was substantially lower than those observed in US samples using near identical data collection, scoring and analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Pratt
- Institute for Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - James F Sallis
- Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Kelli L Cain
- Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Terry L Conway
- Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | | | - Alberto Zezza
- World Bank Group, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Chad Spoon
- Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Carrie M Geremia
- Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Isis Gaddis
- World Bank Group, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | | | - Jed Friedman
- World Bank Group, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Talip Kilic
- World Bank Group, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
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Müller C, Hassel H. [Childcare Center Characteristics Associated with Children's MVPA: A Multilevel Analysis with Cross-Sectional Data from the QueB 2 Project]. DAS GESUNDHEITSWESEN 2020; 83:903-909. [PMID: 32869241 DOI: 10.1055/a-1205-0917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Characteristics of childcare centers influence the daily time spent on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) by children younger than 6 years. The study explores the characteristics of childcare centers and the behavior of staff that influence children's MVPA levels. METHODS We used cross-sectional data from 8 childcare centers in the research project QueB 2. MVPA per day was measured with ActiGraph GT3X+accelerometers. Independent variables included were age, sex, staff MVPA levels and 8 items from a self-assessment-checklist for childcare centers. Hierarchical linear regression models were run with SAS. RESULTS Valid accelerometer data on 126 children (51.59% girls) were available. Girls spent a mean of 33.01, boys of 49.11 min per day in MVPA. Childcare centers accounted for only 1.72% of variance. Indoor space, rules concerning physical activity and staff participating in activities were significantly associated with children's MVPA. CONCLUSIONS Individual variables (age, sex) seem to have a greater influence on children's daily time spent on MVPA than childcare center characteristics and should be taken into account when implementing interventions to promote physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Müller
- Institut für angewandte Gesundheitswissenschaften, Hochschule für angewandte Wissenschaften Coburg, Coburg
| | - Holger Hassel
- Institut für angewandte Gesundheitswissenschaften, Hochschule für angewandte Wissenschaften Coburg, Coburg
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Cleland CL, Ferguson S, McCrorie P, Schipperijn J, Ellis G, Hunter RF. Considerations in Processing Accelerometry Data to Explore Physical Activity and Sedentary Time in Older Adults. J Aging Phys Act 2020; 28:623-633. [PMID: 31968305 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2019-0244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Processing decisions for accelerometry data can have important implications for outcome measures, yet little evidence exists exploring these in older adults. The aim of the current study was to investigate the impact of three potentially important criteria on older adults, physical activity, and sedentary time. Participants (n = 222: mean age 71.75 years [SD = 6.58], 57% male) wore ActiGraph GT3X+ for 7 days. Eight data processing combinations from three criteria were explored: low-frequency extension (on/off), nonwear time (90/120 min), and intensity cut points (moderate-to-vigorous physical activity ≥1,041 and >2,000 counts/min). Analyses included Wilcoxon signed-rank test, paired t tests, and correlation coefficients (significance, p < .05). Results for low-frequency extension on 90-min nonwear time and >1,041 counts/min showed significantly higher light and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and lower sedentary time. Cut points had the greatest impact on physical activity and sedentary time. Processing criteria can significantly impact physical activity and/or sedentary time, potentially leading to data inaccuracies, preventing cross-study comparisons and influencing the accuracy of population surveillance.
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Sallis JF, Conway TL, Cain KL, Geremia C, Bonilla E, Spoon C. Race/ethnic variations in school-year versus summer differences in adolescent physical activity. Prev Med 2019; 129:105795. [PMID: 31400375 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.105795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Children and adolescents gain more weight in the summer than the school year, and there are race/ethnic differences in this pattern. Youth physical activity is lower in the summer, and the main aim of the present study was to examine race/ethnic and sex differences in adolescent physical activity, sedentary behavior, and related variables, comparing the school-year and summer. Adolescents aged 11-17 years were recruited from lower-income areas of five states in 2017-2018, and n = 207 completed surveys in both the school-year and summer: 56 African Americans, 30 American Indians, 21 Asian/Pacific Islanders, 49 Latinos, and 51 White, non-Hispanics. Of these, n = 150 also had accelerometer data. Objectively-measured physical activity was lower in the summer, especially among American Indian, Asian/Pacific Islander, and Latino subgroups. Reported screen time was substantially higher in the summer (p < .04), with the biggest increase among African Americans. Reported enjoyment of physical activity was generally lower in the summer (p < .02), which could help explain reduced physical activity. Which race/ethnic groups were at higher risk in the summer varied for physical activity and screen time, so interventions should be tailored for each group. Improved strategies to increase physical activity in the summer, especially among higher-risk groups, could contribute to youth obesity control.
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Affiliation(s)
- James F Sallis
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, United States of America.
| | - Terry L Conway
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, United States of America
| | - Kelli L Cain
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, United States of America
| | - Carrie Geremia
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, United States of America
| | - Edith Bonilla
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, United States of America
| | - Chad Spoon
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, United States of America
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