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Kong F, Han B, Chen J, Shen X, Hou L, Fang J, Lian M. Role of PPARG in Chemosensitivity-Regulating Network for Hypopharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. PPAR Res 2023; 2023:6019318. [PMID: 37791141 PMCID: PMC10545467 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6019318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PPARG has been reported to promote chemosensitivity in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HSCC). However, few studies tested its significance in the texture of a complex molecular network regulating chemosensitivity in HSCC. Here, we first employed RNA expression data analysis and literature data mining to uncover candidate genes related to HSCC chemosensitivity. Then, we constructed the molecular network regulating chemosensitivity in HSCC. After that, we employed degree centrality (DC) and weighted centrality (WC) to test the significance of PPARG within the regulating network. Pathway enrichment was done to study the cofunctions of PPARG and the rest of the genes within the network. The findings of our study contribute to the construction of a comprehensive network that regulates HSCC chemosensitivity, consisting of 57 genes, including PPARG. Notably, within this network, PPARG demonstrates a ranking of #5 and #13 based on DC and WC, respectively. Moreover, PPARG is connected to 29 out of the 57 genes and plays roles in multiple functional groups. These top related genes include AKT1, TP53, PTEN, MAPK1, NOTCH1, BECN1, PTGS2, SPP1, and RAC1. PPARG gets enriched in several key functional groups that have been implicated in the regulation of chemosensitivity, including those associated with the response to nutrients, vitamins, and peptides, the cellular response to chemical stress, and the regulation of hormone secretion and growth. Our results emphasize the involvement of PPARG and its interconnectedness with other genes in the regulation of HSCC chemosensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanyong Kong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Beijing Shunyi District Hospital, Shunyi Teaching Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 101300, China
| | - Boxuan Han
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jiaming Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xixi Shen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Lizhen Hou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jugao Fang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Meng Lian
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
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2
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Manochkumar J, Singh A, Efferth T, Ramamoorthy S. Untapping the protective role of carotenoids against respiratory diseases. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 104:154286. [PMID: 35820304 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies revealed a substantial role of carotenoids to treat respiratory diseases. This review aimed to give an updated overview of the investigational evidence on the preventive properties of carotenoids against respiratory diseases both in vitro and in vivo along with their pathophysiology and mechanisms of action. HYPOTHESIS Carotenoids as a potential therapeutic class of bioactive compounds to treat respiratory diseases. RESULTS Carotenoids such as β-carotene, lycopene, crocin, bixin, lutein, and astaxanthin show beneficial effects against chronic lung diseases (e.g., asthma, emphysema, fibrosis, COPD, acute lung injury, and lung cancer). Moreover, in vitro and in vivo studies also supported the preventive role of carotenoids. These carotenoids showed a beneficial role by activation of the NRF2/HO-1 pathway and inhibition of the NF-кB, MAPK, JAK/STAT-3, and PI3K/AKT pathways. Additionally, epidemiological studies also showed that dietary intake of carotenoids lowers the risk of lung diseases. CONCLUSION Carotenoids may be used as drugs or can be given in combination with other drugs to prevent and treat respiratory diseases. Although in vitro and in vivo results are encouraging, further well-conducted randomized clinical trials are required to approve carotenoids as drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janani Manochkumar
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014 Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anuma Singh
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014 Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
| | - Siva Ramamoorthy
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014 Tamil Nadu, India.
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3
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Is Autophagy Always a Barrier to Cisplatin Therapy? Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12030463. [PMID: 35327655 PMCID: PMC8946631 DOI: 10.3390/biom12030463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin has long been a first-line chemotherapeutic agent in the treatment of cancer, largely for solid tumors. During the course of the past two decades, autophagy has been identified in response to cancer treatments and almost uniformly detected in studies involving cisplatin. There has been increasing recognition of autophagy as a critical factor affecting tumor cell death and tumor chemoresistance. In this review and commentary, we introduce four mechanisms of resistance to cisplatin followed by a discussion of the factors that affect the role of autophagy in cisplatin-sensitive and resistant cells and explore the two-sided outcomes that occur when autophagy inhibitors are combined with cisplatin. Our goal is to analyze the potential for the combinatorial use of cisplatin and autophagy inhibitors in the clinic.
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4
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Marverti G, Marraccini C, Martello A, D'Arca D, Pacifico S, Guerrini R, Spyrakis F, Gozzi G, Lauriola A, Santucci M, Cannazza G, Tagliazucchi L, Cazzato AS, Losi L, Ferrari S, Ponterini G, Costi MP. Folic Acid-Peptide Conjugates Combine Selective Cancer Cell Internalization with Thymidylate Synthase Dimer Interface Targeting. J Med Chem 2021; 64:3204-3221. [PMID: 33710891 PMCID: PMC8041318 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c02107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Drug-target interaction, cellular internalization, and target engagement should be addressed to design a lead with high chances of success in further optimization stages. Accordingly, we have designed conjugates of folic acid with anticancer peptides able to bind human thymidylate synthase (hTS) and enter cancer cells through folate receptor α (FRα) highly expressed by several cancer cells. Mechanistic analyses and molecular modeling simulations have shown that these conjugates bind the hTS monomer-monomer interface with affinities over 20 times larger than the enzyme active site. When tested on several cancer cell models, these conjugates exhibited FRα selectivity at nanomolar concentrations. A similar selectivity was observed when the conjugates were delivered in synergistic or additive combinations with anticancer agents. At variance with 5-fluorouracil and other anticancer drugs that target the hTS catalytic pocket, these conjugates do not induce overexpression of this protein and can thus help combating drug resistance associated with high hTS levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Marverti
- Department Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Chiara Marraccini
- Department Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Andrea Martello
- Department Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Domenico D'Arca
- Department Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Salvatore Pacifico
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Remo Guerrini
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesca Spyrakis
- Department Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Gaia Gozzi
- Department Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Angela Lauriola
- Department Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Matteo Santucci
- Department Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cannazza
- Department Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Tagliazucchi
- Department Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | | | - Lorena Losi
- Department Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Stefania Ferrari
- Department Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Glauco Ponterini
- Department Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Maria P Costi
- Department Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
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Cheng J, Eroglu A. The Promising Effects of Astaxanthin on Lung Diseases. Adv Nutr 2020; 12:850-864. [PMID: 33179051 PMCID: PMC8166543 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmaa143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Astaxanthin (ASX) is a naturally occurring xanthophyll carotenoid. Both in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that it is a potent antioxidant with anti-inflammatory properties. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide, whereas other lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, emphysema, and asthma are of high prevalence. In the past decade, mounting evidence has suggested a protective role for ASX against lung diseases. This article reviews the potential role of ASX in protecting against lung diseases, including lung cancer. It also summarizes the underlying molecular mechanisms by which ASX protects against pulmonary diseases, including regulating the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor/heme oxygenase-1 pathway, NF-κB signaling, mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling, Janus kinase-signal transducers and activators of transcription-3 signaling, the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt pathway, and modulating immune response. Several future directions are proposed in this review. However, most in vitro and in vivo studies have used ASX at concentrations that are not achievable by humans. Also, no clinical trials have been conducted and/or reported. Thus, preclinical studies with ASX treatment within physiological concentrations as well as human studies are required to examine the health benefits of ASX with respect to lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junrui Cheng
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, USA
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6
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Gąsiorkiewicz BM, Koczurkiewicz-Adamczyk P, Piska K, Pękala E. Autophagy modulating agents as chemosensitizers for cisplatin therapy in cancer. Invest New Drugs 2020; 39:538-563. [PMID: 33159673 PMCID: PMC7960624 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-020-01032-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Although cisplatin is one of the most common antineoplastic drug, its successful utilisation in cancer treatment is limited by the drug resistance. Multiple attempts have been made to find potential cisplatin chemosensitisers which would overcome cancer cells resistance thus improving antineoplastic efficacy. Autophagy modulation has become an important area of interest regarding the aforementioned topic. Autophagy is a highly conservative cellular self-digestive process implicated in response to multiple environmental stressors. The high basal level of autophagy is a common phenomenon in cisplatin-resistant cancer cells which is thought to grant survival benefit. However current evidence supports the role of autophagy in either promoting or limiting carcinogenesis depending on the context. This encourages the search of substances modulating the process to alleviate cisplatin resistance. Such a strategy encompasses not only simple autophagy inhibition but also harnessing the process to induce autophagy-dependent cell death. In this paper, we briefly describe the mechanism of cisplatin resistance with a special emphasis on autophagy and we give an extensive literature review of potential substances with cisplatin chemosensitising properties related to autophagy modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Mateusz Gąsiorkiewicz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Paulina Koczurkiewicz-Adamczyk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Kamil Piska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Pękala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
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7
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Mendoza-Rodríguez MG, Sánchez-Barrera CÁ, Callejas BE, García-Castillo V, Beristain-Terrazas DL, Delgado-Buenrostro NL, Chirino YI, León-Cabrera SA, Rodríguez-Sosa M, Gutierrez-Cirlos EB, Pérez-Plasencia C, Vaca-Paniagua F, Meraz-Ríos MA, Terrazas LI. Use of STAT6 Phosphorylation Inhibitor and Trimethylglycine as New Adjuvant Therapies for 5-Fluorouracil in Colitis-Associated Tumorigenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062130. [PMID: 32244885 PMCID: PMC7139326 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most widespread and deadly types of neoplasia around the world, where the inflammatory microenvironment has critical importance in the process of tumor growth, metastasis, and drug resistance. Despite its limited effectiveness, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is the main drug utilized for CRC treatment. The combination of 5-FU with other agents modestly increases its effectiveness in patients. Here, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory Trimethylglycine and the Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT6) inhibitor AS1517499, as possible adjuvants to 5-FU in already established cancers, using a model of colitis-associated colon cancer (CAC). We found that these adjuvant therapies induced a remarkable reduction of tumor growth when administrated together with 5-FU, correlating with a reduction in STAT6-phosphorylation. This reduction upgraded the effect of 5-FU by increasing both levels of apoptosis and markers of cell adhesion such as E-cadherin, whereas decreased epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers were associated with aggressive phenotypes and drug resistance, such as β-catenin nuclear translocation and Zinc finger protein SNAI1 (SNAI1). Additionally, Il-10, Tgf-β, and Il-17a, critical pro-tumorigenic cytokines, were downmodulated in the colon by these adjuvant therapies. In vitro assays on human colon cancer cells showed that Trimethylglycine also reduced STAT6-phosphorylation. Our study is relatively unique in focusing on the effects of the combined administration of AS1517499 and Trimethylglycine together with 5-FU on already established CAC which synergizes to markedly reduce the colon tumor load. Together, these data point to STAT6 as a valuable target for adjuvant therapy in colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica G. Mendoza-Rodríguez
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (M.G.M.-R.); (C.Á.S.-B.); (B.E.C.); (V.G.-C.); (D.L.B.-T.); (N.L.D.-B.); (Y.I.C.); (S.A.L.-C.); (M.R.-S.); (C.P.-P.); (F.V.-P.)
| | - C. Ángel Sánchez-Barrera
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (M.G.M.-R.); (C.Á.S.-B.); (B.E.C.); (V.G.-C.); (D.L.B.-T.); (N.L.D.-B.); (Y.I.C.); (S.A.L.-C.); (M.R.-S.); (C.P.-P.); (F.V.-P.)
| | - Blanca E. Callejas
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (M.G.M.-R.); (C.Á.S.-B.); (B.E.C.); (V.G.-C.); (D.L.B.-T.); (N.L.D.-B.); (Y.I.C.); (S.A.L.-C.); (M.R.-S.); (C.P.-P.); (F.V.-P.)
| | - Verónica García-Castillo
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (M.G.M.-R.); (C.Á.S.-B.); (B.E.C.); (V.G.-C.); (D.L.B.-T.); (N.L.D.-B.); (Y.I.C.); (S.A.L.-C.); (M.R.-S.); (C.P.-P.); (F.V.-P.)
| | - Diana L. Beristain-Terrazas
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (M.G.M.-R.); (C.Á.S.-B.); (B.E.C.); (V.G.-C.); (D.L.B.-T.); (N.L.D.-B.); (Y.I.C.); (S.A.L.-C.); (M.R.-S.); (C.P.-P.); (F.V.-P.)
| | - Norma L. Delgado-Buenrostro
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (M.G.M.-R.); (C.Á.S.-B.); (B.E.C.); (V.G.-C.); (D.L.B.-T.); (N.L.D.-B.); (Y.I.C.); (S.A.L.-C.); (M.R.-S.); (C.P.-P.); (F.V.-P.)
| | - Yolanda I. Chirino
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (M.G.M.-R.); (C.Á.S.-B.); (B.E.C.); (V.G.-C.); (D.L.B.-T.); (N.L.D.-B.); (Y.I.C.); (S.A.L.-C.); (M.R.-S.); (C.P.-P.); (F.V.-P.)
| | - Sonia A. León-Cabrera
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (M.G.M.-R.); (C.Á.S.-B.); (B.E.C.); (V.G.-C.); (D.L.B.-T.); (N.L.D.-B.); (Y.I.C.); (S.A.L.-C.); (M.R.-S.); (C.P.-P.); (F.V.-P.)
| | - Miriam Rodríguez-Sosa
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (M.G.M.-R.); (C.Á.S.-B.); (B.E.C.); (V.G.-C.); (D.L.B.-T.); (N.L.D.-B.); (Y.I.C.); (S.A.L.-C.); (M.R.-S.); (C.P.-P.); (F.V.-P.)
| | - Emma Bertha Gutierrez-Cirlos
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (M.G.M.-R.); (C.Á.S.-B.); (B.E.C.); (V.G.-C.); (D.L.B.-T.); (N.L.D.-B.); (Y.I.C.); (S.A.L.-C.); (M.R.-S.); (C.P.-P.); (F.V.-P.)
| | - Carlos Pérez-Plasencia
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (M.G.M.-R.); (C.Á.S.-B.); (B.E.C.); (V.G.-C.); (D.L.B.-T.); (N.L.D.-B.); (Y.I.C.); (S.A.L.-C.); (M.R.-S.); (C.P.-P.); (F.V.-P.)
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Av. San Fernando No. 22, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico
| | - Felipe Vaca-Paniagua
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (M.G.M.-R.); (C.Á.S.-B.); (B.E.C.); (V.G.-C.); (D.L.B.-T.); (N.L.D.-B.); (Y.I.C.); (S.A.L.-C.); (M.R.-S.); (C.P.-P.); (F.V.-P.)
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Av. San Fernando No. 22, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico
- Laboratorio Nacional en Salud, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Avenida de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
| | - Marco Antonio Meraz-Ríos
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Avenida IPN 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico;
| | - Luis I. Terrazas
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (M.G.M.-R.); (C.Á.S.-B.); (B.E.C.); (V.G.-C.); (D.L.B.-T.); (N.L.D.-B.); (Y.I.C.); (S.A.L.-C.); (M.R.-S.); (C.P.-P.); (F.V.-P.)
- Laboratorio Nacional en Salud, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Avenida de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
- Correspondence:
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8
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Piro G, Roca MS, Bruzzese F, Carbone C, Iannelli F, Leone A, Volpe MG, Budillon A, Di Gennaro E. Vorinostat Potentiates 5-Fluorouracil/Cisplatin Combination by Inhibiting Chemotherapy-Induced EGFR Nuclear Translocation and Increasing Cisplatin Uptake. Mol Cancer Ther 2019; 18:1405-1417. [PMID: 31189612 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-18-1117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The 5-fluorouracil/cisplatin (5FU/CDDP) combination is one of the most widely used treatment options for several solid tumors. However, despite good anticancer responses, this regimen is often associated with high toxicity and treatment resistance. In our study, we evaluated whether the histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi), vorinostat, may induce synergistic antitumor and proapoptotic effects in combination with 5FU/CDDP in squamous cancer cell models. We demonstrated in cancer cell lines, including the intrinsic CDDP-resistant Cal27 cells, that simultaneous exposure to equitoxic doses of vorinostat plus 5FU/CDDP results in strong synergistic antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects related to cell-cycle perturbation and DNA damage induction. These effects were confirmed in vivo in both orthotopic and heterotopic xenograft mouse models of Cal27 cells. Mechanistically, vorinostat reverted 5FU/CDDP-induced EGFR phosphorylation and nuclear translocation, leading to the impairment of nuclear EGFR noncanonical induction of genes such as thymidylate synthase and cyclin D1. These effects were exerted by vorinostat, at least in part, by increasing lysosomal-mediated EGFR protein degradation. Moreover, vorinostat increased platinum uptake and platinated DNA levels by transcriptionally upregulating the CDDP influx channel copper transporter 1 (CTR1). Overall, to our knowledge, this study is the first to demonstrate the ability of vorinostat to inhibit two well-known mechanisms of CDDP resistance, EGFR nuclear translocation and CTR1 overexpression, adding new insight into the mechanism of the synergistic interaction between HDACi- and CDDP-based chemotherapy and providing the rationale to clinically explore this combination to overcome dose-limiting toxicity and chemotherapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geny Piro
- Experimental Pharmacology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori - IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria Serena Roca
- Experimental Pharmacology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori - IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Francesca Bruzzese
- Experimental Pharmacology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori - IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Carmine Carbone
- Experimental Pharmacology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori - IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Federica Iannelli
- Experimental Pharmacology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori - IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Alessandra Leone
- Experimental Pharmacology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori - IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Volpe
- Institute of Food Science, National Council of Research, Avellino, Italy
| | - Alfredo Budillon
- Experimental Pharmacology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori - IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy.
| | - Elena Di Gennaro
- Experimental Pharmacology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori - IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy
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Salinomycin enhances cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity in human lung cancer cells via down-regulation of AKT-dependent thymidylate synthase expression. Biochem Pharmacol 2016; 122:90-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2016.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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10
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Liao KS, Wei CL, Chen JC, Zheng HY, Chen WC, Wu CH, Wang TJ, Peng YS, Chang PY, Lin YW. Astaxanthin enhances pemetrexed-induced cytotoxicity by downregulation of thymidylate synthase expression in human lung cancer cells. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2016; 81:353-361. [PMID: 27693704 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2016.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Pemetrexed, a multitargeted antifolate agent, has demonstrated clinical activity in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Increased expression of thymidylate synthase (TS) is thought to be associated with resistance to pemetrexed. Astaxanthin exhibits a wide range of beneficial effects including anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we showed that down-regulating of TS expression in two NSCLC cell lines, human lung adenocarcinoma H1650 and squamous cell carcinoma H1703 cells, with astaxanthin were associated with decreased MKK1/2-ERK1/2 activity. Enforced expression of constitutively active MKK1 (MKK1-CA) vector significantly rescued the decreased TS mRNA and protein levels in astaxanthin-treated NSCLC cells. Combined treatment with a MKK1/2 inhibitor (U0126 or PD98059) further decreased the TS expression in astaxanthin-exposed NSCLC cells. Knockdown of TS using small interfering RNA (siRNA) or inhibiting ERK1/2 activity enhanced the cytotoxicity and cell growth inhibition of astaxanthin. Combination of pemetrexed and astaxanthin resulted in synergistic enhancing cytotoxicity and cell growth inhibition in NSCLC cells, accompanied with reduced activation of phospho-MKK1/2, phopho-ERK1/2, and TS expression. Overexpression of MKK1/2-CA reversed the astaxanthin and pemetrexed-induced synergistic cytotoxicity. Our findings suggested that the down-regulation of MKK1/2-ERK1/2-mediated TS expression by astaxanthin is an important regulator of enhancing the pemetrexed-induced cytotoxicity in NSCLC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Sheng Liao
- Department of Pathology, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan; School of Nursing, Chung Jen Junior College of Nursing, Health Science and Management, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Li Wei
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Cheng Chen
- Department of Food Science, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Yu Zheng
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ching Chen
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Wu
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Jing Wang
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Shuan Peng
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yuan Chang
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Wei Lin
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan.
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11
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Yang D, Qu J, Qu X, Cao Y, Xu L, Hou K, Feng W, Liu Y. Gossypol sensitizes the antitumor activity of 5-FU through down-regulation of thymidylate synthase in human colon carcinoma cells. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2015. [PMID: 26208739 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-015-2749-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is the basic chemotherapeutic agent used to treat colon cancer. However, the sensitivity of colon cancer cells to 5-FU is limited. Gossypol is a polyphenolic extract of cottonseeds. The purpose of this study was to investigate the activities and related mechanism of gossypol alone or in combination with 5-FU against human colon carcinoma cells. METHODS The IC50 of gossypol or/and 5-FU in vitro was tested by 3-(4,5-dimethyl thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, and the drug interaction was analyzed using the CalcuSyn method. Cell apoptosis was determined using presidium iodide staining and flow cytometric analysis. Western blotting was used to determine the expression of proteins. Transient transfection method was used to silence protein. RESULTS The IC₅₀ at 48 h of gossypol in colon cancer cells was 26.11 ± 1.04 μmol/L in HT-29 cells, 14.11 ± 1.08 μmol/L in HCT116 cells, and 21.83 ± 1.05 μmol/L in RKO cells. When gossypol was combined with 5-FU, a synergistic cytotoxic effect was observed in HT-29 cells, HCT116 cells, and RKO cells compared with treatment with gossypol or 5-FU alone. The Western blotting results indicated that gossypol down-regulated thymidylate synthase (TS) rather than thymidine phosphorylase protein expression. Furthermore, the mTOR/p70S6K1 signaling pathway was inhibited in gossypol-treated colon cancer cells, and consequently, cyclin D1 expression was decreased, suggesting an additional mechanism of the observed antiproliferative synergistic interactions. All the observation was confirmed by silencing TS and inactivating the mTOR/p70S6K1 signaling pathway by rapamycin, both of which increased the chemo-sensitizing efficacy of 5-FU. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that gossypol-mediated down-regulation of TS, cyclin D1, and the mTOR/p70S6K1 signaling pathways enhances the anti-tumor effect of 5-FU. Ultimately, our data exposed a new action for gossypol as an enhancer of 5-FU-induced cell growth suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang City, 110122, People's Republic of China
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12
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Luo Y, Li Z, Cui S, Shen C, Zhao J, Wu M, Li Y, Wang M, Chen R, Liu Z, Ri-Li G. Joint detection of ERCC1, TUBB3, and TYMS guidance selection of docetaxel, 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin (DDP) individual chemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer patients. Eur J Med Res 2014; 19:50. [PMID: 25223338 PMCID: PMC4176854 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-014-0050-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To investigate the guidance selection of docetaxel (D), cisplatin (DDP) (C), and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) (F) as individual chemotherapy agents via joint detection of ERCC1, TUBB3, and TYMS genes in patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC). Method Clinical data of 120 patients with AGC who enrolled in our hospital between May 2009 and May 2012 were analyzed. These patients were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The mRNA expression of ERCC1, TUBB3, and TYMS was measured by DNA chip technology in the experimental group. Different chemotherapies were administered according to the mRNA expression levels of the three genes, while DCF chemotherapy was directly applied to the control group. Correlation between the three genes’ mRNA levels, efficiency rate, the median time to progression (MTP), median survival time (MST) and adverse reactions was evaluated. Results As a result, there was a significant correlation between ERCC1 and TUBB3 mRNA expression (P = 0.005), but no obvious correlation between TUBB3 and TYMS or ERCC1 and TYMS. There was also no significant difference in the efficiency rate of chemotherapy (50% versus 55%; P = 0.357) and the MTP (10 months versus 7 months; P = 0.091) between the two groups. However, there was obvious significance in MST (13.7 months versus 11.6 months; P = 0.004). Additionally, the experimental group provided us with a more effective way for controlling adverse reactions to chemotherapy. Conclusion Combination regimen of D, C, and F in AGC patients according to their ERCC1, TUBB3, and TYMS mRNA expression level may reduce adverse reactions and improve MST.
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Ko JC, Chiu HC, Syu JJ, Jian YJ, Chen CY, Jian YT, Huang YJ, Wo TY, Lin YW. Tamoxifen enhances erlotinib-induced cytotoxicity through down-regulating AKT-mediated thymidine phosphorylase expression in human non-small-cell lung cancer cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2014; 88:119-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2014.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Revised: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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14
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Interferon-α enhances 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine-induced apoptosis by ERK-dependant upregulation of thymidine phosphorylase. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:132793. [PMID: 24027750 PMCID: PMC3762072 DOI: 10.1155/2013/132793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Revised: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/19/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
5-Florouracil (5-FU) is the basic agent used in the treatment of gastric cancer. Capecitabine, a prodrug of 5-FU, displays increased antitumor efficacy compared with 5-FU in the clinic. 5′-Deoxy-5-fluorouracil (5′-DFUR), the metabolite of capecitabine, is converted to 5-FU by the enzyme thymidine phosphorylase (TP), which is present at high concentrations in human tumors. In this study, we investigated the effect of interferon-α (IFN-α) on the sensitivity of gastric cancer cells to treatment with 5′-DFUR and its relationship with TP expression. Preincubation of gastric cancer cells with IFN-α enhanced 5′-DFUR-induced apoptosis via IFN-α-mediated upregulation of TP. The depletion of TP with small interfering RNA (siRNA) obviously inhibited IFN-α-induced upregulation of TP expression and thus prevented apoptosis induced by IFN-α and 5′-DFUR. Treatment with IFN-α and combined IFN-α and 5′-DFUR treatment were also associated with concomitant activation of ERK signaling. Treatment with the ERK inhibitor PD98059 or depletion of ERK with siRNA partially reversed IFN-α-induced upregulation of TP expression, thus partially preventing apoptosis induced by IFN-α and 5′-DFUR. Taken together, our study shows that IFN-α enhanced 5′-DFUR-induced apoptosis in gastric cancer cells by upregulation of TP expression, which is partially regulated by activation of ERK signaling.
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Zhang SH, Zhang H, He HW, Li L, Li XQ, Zhang YP, Shao RG. Lidamycin up-regulates the expression of thymidine phosphorylase and enhances the effects of capecitabine on the growth and pulmonary metastases of murine breast carcinoma. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2013; 72:777-88. [DOI: 10.1007/s00280-013-2253-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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16
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Ide H, Kikuchi E, Hasegawa M, Hattori S, Yasumizu Y, Miyajima A, Oya M. Therapeutic enhancement of S-1 with CPT-11 through down-regulation of thymidylate synthase in bladder cancer. Cancer Med 2013; 2:488-95. [PMID: 24156021 PMCID: PMC3799283 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2013] [Revised: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 05/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Thymidylate synthase (TS), a target enzyme of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), is significantly associated with prognosis in various cancers. Recently, it has been reported that S-1, a novel 5-FU-based agent has an effect on bladder cancer. However, in cells with high TS level, S-1 did not have significant effects. Therefore, we examined whether down-regulation of TS enhanced effects of S-1 in them. First, we measured TS level in an aggressive bladder cancer cell line, KU-19-19 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and evaluated its sensitivity to 5-FU using a small interfering RNA (siRNA) for TS. Next, we measured TS mRNA after exposure to various agents. Finally, we evaluated enhancement of cytotoxicity of S-1 by CPT-11 (7-ethyl-10-[4-(1-piperidino)-1-piperidino]carbonyloxycamptothecin) which down-regulated TS in in vivo study. The median TS and dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) level was 53.3 ng/mg and 80.3 ng/mg in KU-19-19 cells, respectively. The 5-FU treatment in KU-19-19 cells transfected with siRNA for TS gene (TYMS) inhibited cell growth more significantly than that for nontargeting control. Down-regulation of TS was observed after exposure to SN-38 (7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin) in a dose-dependent manner. The combination treatment of 5-FU and SN-38 significantly inhibited cell growth, as compared to the single treatment. Meanwhile, in cells transfected with siRNA for TYMS, neither an additive nor a synergistic effect was observed. Also, combined S-1 and CPT-11 dramatically inhibited tumor growth, compared to S-1 or CPT-11 alone in in vivo study. In conclusion, CPT-11 down-regulated TS level and enhanced the effect of S-1. Thus, the combination therapy with S-1 and CPT-11 might be a novel modality for bladder cancer, even with high TS level. This study confirmed that thymidylate synthase (TS) level in an aggressive human bladder cancer cell line, KU-19-19, was relatively higher than that in other cancer and presented that irinotecan (CPT-11) could down-regulate TS. Finally, the combination therapy with S-1 and CPT-11 resulted in significant tumor growth inhibition through down-regulation of TS in KU-19-19. Thus, combined S-1 and CPT-11 might be a novel treatment in bladder cancer, even with high TS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Ide
- Department of Urology, Keio University School of Medicine Tokyo, Japan
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Ko JC, Huang YC, Chen HJ, Tseng SC, Chiu HC, Wo TY, Huang YJ, Weng SH, Chiou RYY, Lin YW. Metformin induces cytotoxicity by down-regulating thymidine phosphorylase and excision repair cross-complementation 1 expression in non-small cell lung cancer cells. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2013; 113:56-65. [PMID: 23362830 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Metformin is an antidiabetic drug recently shown to inhibit cancer cell proliferation and growth, although the involved molecular mechanisms have not been elucidated. In many cancer cells, high expression of thymidine phosphorylase (TP) and Excision repair cross-complementation 1 (ERCC1) is associated with poor prognosis. We used A549 and H1975 human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines to investigate the role of TP and ERCC1 expression in metformin-induced cytotoxicity. Metformin treatment decreased cellular TP and ERCC1 protein and mRNA levels by down-regulating phosphorylated MEK1/2-ERK1/2 protein levels in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The enforced expression of the constitutively active MEK1 (MEK1-CA) vectors significantly restored cellular TP and ERCC1 protein levels and cell viability. Specific inhibition of TP and ERCC1 expression by siRNA enhanced the metformin-induced cytotoxicity and growth inhibition. Arachidin-1, an antioxidant stilbenoid, further decreased TP and ERCC1 expression and augmented metformin's cytotoxic effect, which was abrogated in lung cancer cells transfected with MEK1/2-CA expression vector. In conclusion, metformin induces cytotoxicity by down-regulating TP and ERCC1 expression in NSCLC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jen-Chung Ko
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Hsin-Chu Branch, Taiwan
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18
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Inhibition of thymidine phosphorylase expression by using an HSP90 inhibitor potentiates the cytotoxic effect of cisplatin in non-small-cell lung cancer cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2012; 84:126-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2012.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2012] [Revised: 03/17/2012] [Accepted: 03/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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