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Zhang P, Liu Y, Li X, Siri G, Wang J, Li Z, Jian Y, Gao Z. Copper Catalyzed Three-Component Ullmann C-S Coupling in PEG for the Synthesis of 6-Aryl/alkylthio-purines. J Org Chem 2024; 89:2212-2222. [PMID: 38311847 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
To tackle the environmental unfriendly issue in existing synthesis strategies for 6-substitued thiopurine derivatives, such as poor step economy, frequent use of malodorous organic sulfur starting materials, toxic organic solvents, and equivalent dosage of base, we have developed a CuI-catalyzed base-free three-component Ullmann C-S coupling synthetic strategy, featured using inorganic salt Na2S as the sulfur source and nontoxic PEG-600 as the solvent. The newly developed strategy is particularly effective for the synthesis of 6-arylthiopurines. The high catalytic efficiency in PEG-600 can be rationalized by the high soluble ability of CuI catalyst, likely due to the presence of multiple oxygen coordination sites in PEG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, MOE, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Organometallic Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Yunfang Liu
- South China Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Xulian Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, MOE, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Organometallic Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Geling Siri
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, MOE, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Organometallic Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Jieyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, MOE, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Organometallic Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, MOE, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Organometallic Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Yajun Jian
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, MOE, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Organometallic Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Ziwei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, MOE, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Organometallic Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119, China
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2
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Bergant Loboda K, Janežič M, Štampar M, Žegura B, Filipič M, Perdih A. Substituted 4,5'-Bithiazoles as Catalytic Inhibitors of Human DNA Topoisomerase IIα. J Chem Inf Model 2020; 60:3662-3678. [PMID: 32484690 PMCID: PMC7469689 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.0c00202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Human type II topoisomerases, molecular motors that alter the DNA topology, are a major target of modern chemotherapy. Groups of catalytic inhibitors represent a new approach to overcome the known limitations of topoisomerase II poisons such as cardiotoxicity and induction of secondary tumors. Here, we present a class of substituted 4,5'-bithiazoles as catalytic inhibitors targeting the human DNA topoisomerase IIα. Based on a structural comparison of the ATPase domains of human and bacterial type II topoisomerase, a focused chemical library of 4,5'-bithiazoles was assembled and screened to identify compounds that better fit the topology of the human topo IIα adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) binding site. Selected compounds showed inhibition of human topo IIα comparable to that of the etoposide topo II drug, revealing a new class of inhibitors targeting this molecular motor. Further investigations showed that compounds act as catalytic inhibitors via competitive ATP inhibition. We also confirmed binding to the truncated ATPase domain of topo IIα and modeled the inhibitor molecular recognition with molecular simulations and dynophore models. The compounds also displayed promising cytotoxicity against HepG2 and MCF-7 cell lines comparable to that of etoposide. In a more detailed study with the HepG2 cell line, there was no induction of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), and the compounds were able to reduce cell proliferation and stop the cell cycle mainly in the G1 phase. This confirms the mechanism of action of these compounds, which differs from topo II poisons also at the cellular level. Substituted 4,5'-bithiazoles appear to be a promising class for further development toward efficient and potentially safer cancer therapies exploiting the alternative topo II inhibition paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaja Bergant Loboda
- National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Matej Janežič
- Laboratory for Structural Bioinformatics, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Martina Štampar
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology, National Institute of Biology, Večna pot 111, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Bojana Žegura
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology, National Institute of Biology, Večna pot 111, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Metka Filipič
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology, National Institute of Biology, Večna pot 111, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Andrej Perdih
- National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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3
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Design and synthesis of 3,5-substituted 1,2,4-oxadiazoles as catalytic inhibitors of human DNA topoisomerase IIα. Bioorg Chem 2020; 99:103828. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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4
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Ragno R. www.3d-qsar.com: a web portal that brings 3-D QSAR to all electronic devices—the Py-CoMFA web application as tool to build models from pre-aligned datasets. J Comput Aided Mol Des 2019; 33:855-864. [DOI: 10.1007/s10822-019-00231-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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5
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Jun KY, Kwon Y. Proposal of Dual Inhibitor Targeting ATPase Domains of Topoisomerase II and Heat Shock Protein 90. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2016; 24:453-68. [PMID: 27582553 PMCID: PMC5012869 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2016.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a conserved ATPase domain in topoisomerase II (topo II) and heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) which belong to the GHKL (gyrase, Hsp90, histidine kinase, and MutL) family. The inhibitors that target each of topo II and Hsp90 are intensively studied as anti-cancer drugs since they play very important roles in cell proliferation and survival. Therefore the development of dual targeting anti-cancer drugs for topo II and Hsp90 is suggested to be a promising area. The topo II and Hsp90 inhibitors, known to bind to their ATP binding site, were searched. All the inhibitors investigated were docked to both topo II and Hsp90. Four candidate compounds as possible dual inhibitors were selected by analyzing the molecular docking study. The pharmacophore model of dual inhibitors for topo II and Hsp90 were generated and the design of novel dual inhibitor was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu-Yeon Jun
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjoo Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
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6
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Pogorelčnik B, Janežič M, Sosič I, Gobec S, Solmajer T, Perdih A. 4,6-Substituted-1,3,5-triazin-2(1H)-ones as monocyclic catalytic inhibitors of human DNA topoisomerase IIα targeting the ATP binding site. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:4218-4229. [PMID: 26183545 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Human DNA topoisomerase IIα (htIIα) is a validated target for the development of novel anticancer agents. Starting from our discovered 4-amino-1,3,5-triazine inhibitors of htIIα, we investigated a library of 2,4,6-trisubstituted-1,3,5-triazines for novel inhibitors that bind to the htIIα ATP binding site using a combination of structure-based and ligand-based pharmacophore models and molecular docking. 4,6-substituted-1,3,5-triazin-2(1H)-ones 8, 9 and 14 were identified as novel inhibitors with activity comparable to the established drug etoposide (1). Compound 8 inhibits the htIIα decatenation in a superior fashion to etoposide. Cleavage assays demonstrated that selected compounds 8 and 14 do not act as poisons and antagonize the poison effect of etoposide. Microscale thermophoresis (MST) confirmed binding of compound 8 to the htIIα ATPase domain and compound 14 effectively inhibits the htIIα mediated ATP hydrolysis. The molecular dynamics simulation study provides further insight into the molecular recognition. The 4,6-disubstituted-1,3,5-triazin-2(1H)-ones represent the first validated monocyclic class of catalytic inhibitors that bind to the to the htIIα ATPase domain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matej Janežič
- National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Izidor Sosič
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Stanislav Gobec
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tom Solmajer
- National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Andrej Perdih
- National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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7
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Pogorelčnik B, Brvar M, Žegura B, Filipič M, Solmajer T, Perdih A. Discovery of Mono- and Disubstituted 1H-Pyrazolo[3,4]pyrimidines and 9H-Purines as Catalytic Inhibitors of Human DNA Topoisomerase IIα. ChemMedChem 2014; 10:345-59. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201402459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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8
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Pogorelčnik B, Brvar M, Zajc I, Filipič M, Solmajer T, Perdih A. Monocyclic 4-amino-6-(phenylamino)-1,3,5-triazines as inhibitors of human DNA topoisomerase IIα. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:5762-5768. [PMID: 25453816 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Revised: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Human DNA topoisomerase IIα (htIIα) is a validated target for the development of anticancer agents. Starting from the available information about the binding of the purine-based htIIα inhibitors in the ATP binding site we designed a virtual screening campaign combining structure-based and ligand-based pharmacophores with a molecular docking calculation searching for compounds that would contain a monocycle mimetic of the purine moiety. We discovered novel 4-amino-6-(phenylamino)-1,3,5-triazines 6, 7 and 11 as monocyclic htIIα inhibitors targeting the ATP binding site. Compound 6 from the 1,3,5-triazine series also displayed cytotoxicity properties in hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell lines and selectivity against human umbilical vein endothelial (HUVEC) cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matjaž Brvar
- National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Irena Zajc
- National Institute of Biology, Department of Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology, Večna pot 111, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Metka Filipič
- National Institute of Biology, Department of Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology, Večna pot 111, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tom Solmajer
- National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Andrej Perdih
- National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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9
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Ha K, Lebedyeva I, Hamedzadeh S, Li Z, Quiñones R, Pillai GG, Williams B, Nasajpour A, Martin K, Asiri AM, Katritzky AR. Tandem Deprotection-Dimerization-Macrocyclization Route toC2Symmetriccyclo-Tetrapeptides. Chemistry 2014; 20:4874-9. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201304262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Revised: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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10
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Novosjolova I, Bizdēna Ē, Turks M. Application of 2,6-diazidopurine derivatives in the synthesis of thiopurine nucleosides. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.09.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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11
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Ha K, Lebedyeva I, Li Z, Martin K, Williams B, Faby E, Nasajpour A, Pillai GG, Al-Youbi AO, Katritzky AR. Conformationally Assisted Lactamizations for the Synthesis of Symmetrical and Unsymmetrical Bis-2,5-diketopiperazines. J Org Chem 2013; 78:8510-23. [DOI: 10.1021/jo401235k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Khanh Ha
- Center for Heterocyclic
Compounds,
Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Iryna Lebedyeva
- Center for Heterocyclic
Compounds,
Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Zhiliang Li
- Center for Heterocyclic
Compounds,
Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Kristin Martin
- Center for Heterocyclic
Compounds,
Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Byron Williams
- Center for Heterocyclic
Compounds,
Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Eric Faby
- Center for Heterocyclic
Compounds,
Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Amir Nasajpour
- Center for Heterocyclic
Compounds,
Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Girinath G. Pillai
- Center for Heterocyclic
Compounds,
Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Tartu 50411, Estonia
| | - Abdulrahman O. Al-Youbi
- Chemistry Department, Faculty
of Science, King Abdulaziz University,
Jeddah, 21589 Saudi Arabia
| | - Alan R. Katritzky
- Center for Heterocyclic
Compounds,
Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
- Chemistry Department, Faculty
of Science, King Abdulaziz University,
Jeddah, 21589 Saudi Arabia
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12
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Bauer DLV, Marie R, Rasmussen KH, Kristensen A, Mir KU. DNA catenation maintains structure of human metaphase chromosomes. Nucleic Acids Res 2012; 40:11428-34. [PMID: 23066100 PMCID: PMC3526300 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gks931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitotic chromosome structure is pivotal to cell division but difficult to observe in fine detail using conventional methods. DNA catenation has been implicated in both sister chromatid cohesion and chromosome condensation, but has never been observed directly. We have used a lab-on-a-chip microfluidic device and fluorescence microscopy, coupled with a simple image analysis pipeline, to digest chromosomal proteins and examine the structure of the remaining DNA, which maintains the canonical 'X' shape. By directly staining DNA, we observe that DNA catenation between sister chromatids (separated by fluid flow) is composed of distinct fibres of DNA concentrated at the centromeres. Disrupting the catenation of the chromosomes with Topoisomerase IIα significantly alters overall chromosome shape, suggesting that DNA catenation must be simultaneously maintained for correct chromosome condensation, and destroyed to complete sister chromatid disjunction. In addition to demonstrating the value of microfluidics as a tool for examining chromosome structure, these results lend support to certain models of DNA catenation organization and regulation: in particular, we conclude from our observation of centromere-concentrated catenation that spindle forces could play a driving role in decatenation and that Topoisomerase IIα is differentially regulated at the centromeres, perhaps in conjunction with cohesin.
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Affiliation(s)
- David L V Bauer
- The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
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13
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Kawamura R, Pope LH, Christensen MO, Sun M, Terekhova K, Boege F, Mielke C, Andersen AH, Marko JF. Mitotic chromosomes are constrained by topoisomerase II-sensitive DNA entanglements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 188:653-63. [PMID: 20194637 PMCID: PMC2835934 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.200910085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Chromatin entanglements undergo specific protein-mediated compaction to fold into mitotic chromosomes. We have analyzed the topological organization of chromatin inside mitotic chromosomes. We show that mitotic chromatin is heavily self-entangled through experiments in which topoisomerase (topo) II is observed to reduce mitotic chromosome elastic stiffness. Single chromosomes were relaxed by 35% by exogenously added topo II in a manner that depends on hydrolysable adenosine triphosphate (ATP), whereas an inactive topo II cleavage mutant did not change chromosome stiffness. Moreover, experiments using type I topos produced much smaller relaxation effects than topo II, indicating that chromosome relaxation by topo II is caused by decatenation and/or unknotting of double-stranded DNA. In further experiments in which chromosomes are first exposed to protease to partially release protein constraints on chromatin, ATP alone relaxes mitotic chromosomes. The topo II–specific inhibitor ICRF-187 blocks this effect, indicating that it is caused by endogenous topo II bound to the chromosome. Our experiments show that DNA entanglements act in concert with protein-mediated compaction to fold chromatin into mitotic chromosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Kawamura
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
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14
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Mittal RR, McKinnon RA, Sorich MJ. Comparison data sets for benchmarking QSAR methodologies in lead optimization. J Chem Inf Model 2009; 49:1810-20. [PMID: 19569715 DOI: 10.1021/ci900117m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
2D and 3D QSAR techniques are widely used in lead optimization-like processes. A compilation of 40 diverse data sets is described. It is proposed that these can be used as a common benchmark sample for comparisons of QSAR methodologies, primarily in terms of predictive ability. Use of this benchmark set will be useful for both assessment of new methods and for optimization of existing methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi R Mittal
- Sansom Institute, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
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15
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Mittal R, McKinnon R, Sorich M. The Effect of Molecular Fields, Lattice Spacing and Analysis Options on CoMFA Predictive Ability. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/qsar.200860128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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16
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Chène P, Rudloff J, Schoepfer J, Furet P, Meier P, Qian Z, Schlaeppi JM, Schmitz R, Radimerski T. Catalytic inhibition of topoisomerase II by a novel rationally designed ATP-competitive purine analogue. BMC CHEMICAL BIOLOGY 2009; 9:1. [PMID: 19128485 PMCID: PMC2628638 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6769-9-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2008] [Accepted: 01/07/2009] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background Topoisomerase II poisons are in clinical use as anti-cancer therapy for decades and work by stabilizing the enzyme-induced DNA breaks. In contrast, catalytic inhibitors block the enzyme before DNA scission. Although several catalytic inhibitors of topoisomerase II have been described, preclinical concepts for exploiting their anti-proliferative activity based on molecular characteristics of the tumor cell have only recently started to emerge. Topoisomerase II is an ATPase and uses the energy derived from ATP hydrolysis to orchestrate the movement of the DNA double strands along the enzyme. Thus, interfering with ATPase function with low molecular weight inhibitors that target the nucleotide binding pocket should profoundly affect cells that are committed to undergo mitosis. Results Here we describe the discovery and characterization of a novel purine diamine analogue as a potent ATP-competitive catalytic inhibitor of topoisomerase II. Quinoline aminopurine compound 1 (QAP 1) inhibited topoisomerase II ATPase activity and decatenation reaction at sub-micromolar concentrations, targeted both topoisomerase II alpha and beta in cell free assays and, using a quantitative cell-based assay and a chromosome segregation assay, displayed catalytic enzyme inhibition in cells. In agreement with recent hypothesis, we show that BRCA1 mutant breast cancer cells have increased sensitivity to QAP 1. Conclusion The results obtained with QAP 1 demonstrate that potent and selective catalytic inhibition of human topoisomerase II function with an ATP-competitive inhibitor is feasible. Our data suggest that further drug discovery efforts on ATP-competitive catalytic inhibitors are warranted and that such drugs could potentially be developed as anti-cancer therapy for tumors that bear the appropriate combination of molecular alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Chène
- Department of Oncology, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Joëlle Rudloff
- Department of Oncology, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Joseph Schoepfer
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Furet
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter Meier
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Zhiyan Qian
- Department of Oncology, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Marc Schlaeppi
- Biologics Center, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rita Schmitz
- Biologics Center, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Radimerski
- Department of Oncology, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
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17
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Liang H, Wu X, Yalowich JC, Hasinoff BB. A Three-Dimensional Quantitative Structure-Activity Analysis of a New Class of Bisphenol Topoisomerase IIα Inhibitors. Mol Pharmacol 2007; 73:686-96. [DOI: 10.1124/mol.107.041624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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