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Boddeti AK, Wang Y, Juarez XG, Boltasseva A, Odom TW, Shalaev V, Alaeian H, Jacob Z. Reducing Effective System Dimensionality with Long-Range Collective Dipole-Dipole Interactions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:173803. [PMID: 38728721 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.173803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Dimensionality plays a crucial role in long-range dipole-dipole interactions (DDIs). We demonstrate that a resonant nanophotonic structure modifies the apparent dimensionality in an interacting ensemble of emitters, as revealed by population decay dynamics. Our measurements on a dense ensemble of interacting quantum emitters in a resonant nanophotonic structure with long-range DDIs reveal an effective dimensionality reduction to d[over ¯]=2.20(12), despite the emitters being distributed in 3D. This contrasts with the homogeneous environment, where the apparent dimension is d[over ¯]=3.00. Our work presents a promising avenue to manipulate dimensionality in an ensemble of interacting emitters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwin K Boddeti
- Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Yi Wang
- Graduate Program in Applied Physics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - Xitlali G Juarez
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - Alexandra Boltasseva
- Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Teri W Odom
- Graduate Program in Applied Physics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - Vladimir Shalaev
- Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Hadiseh Alaeian
- Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Zubin Jacob
- Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
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Luo W, Akbarzadeh A, Nahas Y, Prokhorenko S, Bellaiche L. Quantum criticality at cryogenic melting of polar bubble lattices. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7874. [PMID: 38036499 PMCID: PMC10689468 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43598-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantum fluctuations (QFs) caused by zero-point phonon vibrations (ZPPVs) are known to prevent the occurrence of polar phases in bulk incipient ferroelectrics down to 0 K. On the other hand, little is known about the effects of QFs on the recently discovered topological patterns in ferroelectric nanostructures. Here, by using an atomistic effective Hamiltonian within classical Monte Carlo (CMC) and path integral quantum Monte Carlo (PI-QMC), we unveil how QFs affect the topology of several dipolar phases in ultrathin Pb(Zr0.4Ti0.6)O3 (PZT) films. In particular, our PI-QMC simulations show that the ZPPVs do not suppress polar patterns but rather stabilize the labyrinth, bimeron and bubble phases within a wider range of bias field magnitudes. Moreover, we reveal that quantum fluctuations induce a quantum critical point (QCP) separating a hexagonal bubble lattice from a liquid-like state characterized by spontaneous motion, creation and annihilation of polar bubbles at cryogenic temperatures. Finally, we show that the discovered quantum melting is associated with anomalous physical response, as, e.g., demonstrated by a negative longitudinal piezoelectric coefficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Luo
- Physics Department and Institute for Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Alireza Akbarzadeh
- Physics Department and Institute for Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
- Science, Engineering, and Geosciences, Lonestar College, 9191 Barker Cypress Road, Cypress, TX, 77433, USA
| | - Yousra Nahas
- Physics Department and Institute for Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Sergei Prokhorenko
- Physics Department and Institute for Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA.
| | - Laurent Bellaiche
- Physics Department and Institute for Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA.
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Mendes-Santos T, Schmitt M, Heyl M. Highly Resolved Spectral Functions of Two-Dimensional Systems with Neural Quantum States. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:046501. [PMID: 37566857 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.046501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Spectral functions are central to link experimental probes to theoretical models in condensed matter physics. However, performing exact numerical calculations for interacting quantum matter has remained a key challenge especially beyond one spatial dimension. In this work, we develop a versatile approach using neural quantum states to obtain spectral properties based on simulations of the dynamics of excitations initially localized in real or momentum space. We apply this approach to compute the dynamical structure factor in the vicinity of quantum critical points (QCPs) of different two-dimensional quantum Ising models, including one that describes the complex density wave orders of Rydberg atom arrays. When combined with deep network architectures we find that our method reliably describes dynamical structure factors of arrays with up to 24×24 spins, including the diverging timescales at critical points. Our approach is broadly applicable to interacting quantum lattice models in two dimensions and consequently opens up a route to compute spectral properties of correlated quantum matter in yet inaccessible regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Mendes-Santos
- Theoretical Physics III, Center for Electronic Correlations and Magnetism, Institute of Physics, University of Augsburg, 86135 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Markus Schmitt
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Peter Grünberg Institute, Quantum Control (PGI-8), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Markus Heyl
- Theoretical Physics III, Center for Electronic Correlations and Magnetism, Institute of Physics, University of Augsburg, 86135 Augsburg, Germany
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King AD, Raymond J, Lanting T, Harris R, Zucca A, Altomare F, Berkley AJ, Boothby K, Ejtemaee S, Enderud C, Hoskinson E, Huang S, Ladizinsky E, MacDonald AJR, Marsden G, Molavi R, Oh T, Poulin-Lamarre G, Reis M, Rich C, Sato Y, Tsai N, Volkmann M, Whittaker JD, Yao J, Sandvik AW, Amin MH. Quantum critical dynamics in a 5,000-qubit programmable spin glass. Nature 2023; 617:61-66. [PMID: 37076625 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05867-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Experiments on disordered alloys1-3 suggest that spin glasses can be brought into low-energy states faster by annealing quantum fluctuations than by conventional thermal annealing. Owing to the importance of spin glasses as a paradigmatic computational testbed, reproducing this phenomenon in a programmable system has remained a central challenge in quantum optimization4-13. Here we achieve this goal by realizing quantum-critical spin-glass dynamics on thousands of qubits with a superconducting quantum annealer. We first demonstrate quantitative agreement between quantum annealing and time evolution of the Schrödinger equation in small spin glasses. We then measure dynamics in three-dimensional spin glasses on thousands of qubits, for which classical simulation of many-body quantum dynamics is intractable. We extract critical exponents that clearly distinguish quantum annealing from the slower stochastic dynamics of analogous Monte Carlo algorithms, providing both theoretical and experimental support for large-scale quantum simulation and a scaling advantage in energy optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D King
- D-Wave Quantum Inc., Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.
| | - Jack Raymond
- D-Wave Quantum Inc., Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | | | - Alex Zucca
- D-Wave Quantum Inc., Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | | | - Kelly Boothby
- D-Wave Quantum Inc., Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sara Ejtemaee
- D-Wave Quantum Inc., Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Colin Enderud
- D-Wave Quantum Inc., Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Reza Molavi
- D-Wave Quantum Inc., Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Travis Oh
- D-Wave Quantum Inc., Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Mauricio Reis
- D-Wave Quantum Inc., Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Chris Rich
- D-Wave Quantum Inc., Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Yuki Sato
- D-Wave Quantum Inc., Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nicholas Tsai
- D-Wave Quantum Inc., Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Mark Volkmann
- D-Wave Quantum Inc., Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Jason Yao
- D-Wave Quantum Inc., Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Mohammad H Amin
- D-Wave Quantum Inc., Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.
- Department of Physics, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.
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Vlaar PCG, Corboz P. Efficient Tensor Network Algorithm for Layered Systems. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:130601. [PMID: 37067308 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.130601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Strongly correlated layered 2D systems are of central importance in condensed matter physics, but their numerical study is very challenging. Motivated by the enormous successes of tensor networks for 1D and 2D systems, we develop an efficient tensor network approach based on infinite projected entangled-pair states for layered 2D systems. Starting from an anisotropic 3D infinite projected entangled-pair state ansatz, we propose a contraction scheme in which the weakly interacting layers are effectively decoupled away from the center of the layers, such that they can be efficiently contracted using 2D contraction methods while keeping the center of the layers connected in order to capture the most relevant interlayer correlations. We present benchmark data for the anisotropic 3D Heisenberg model on a cubic lattice, which shows close agreement with quantum Monte Carlo and full 3D contraction results. Finally, we study the dimer to Néel phase transition in the Shastry-Sutherland model with interlayer coupling, a frustrated spin model that is out of reach of quantum Monte Carlo due to the negative sign problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick C G Vlaar
- Institute for Theoretical Physics and Delta Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Philippe Corboz
- Institute for Theoretical Physics and Delta Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Rajak A, Suzuki S, Dutta A, Chakrabarti BK. Quantum annealing: an overview. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2023; 381:20210417. [PMID: 36463923 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2021.0417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this review, after providing the basic physical concept behind quantum annealing (or adiabatic quantum computation), we present an overview of some recent theoretical as well as experimental developments pointing to the issues which are still debated. With a brief discussion on the fundamental ideas of continuous and discontinuous quantum phase transitions, we discuss the Kibble-Zurek scaling of defect generation following a ramping of a quantum many body system across a quantum critical point. In the process, we discuss associated models, both pure and disordered, and shed light on implementations and some recent applications of the quantum annealing protocols. Furthermore, we discuss the effect of environmental coupling on quantum annealing. Some possible ways to speed up the annealing protocol in closed systems are elaborated upon: we especially focus on the recipes to avoid discontinuous quantum phase transitions occurring in some models where energy gaps vanish exponentially with the system size. This article is part of the theme issue 'Quantum annealing and computation: challenges and perspectives'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atanu Rajak
- Department of Physics, Presidency University, Kolkata 700073, India
| | - Sei Suzuki
- Department of Liberal Arts, Saitama Medical University, Moroyama, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Amit Dutta
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Bikas K Chakrabarti
- Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700064, India
- Indian Statistical Institute, 203 B. T. Road, Kolkata 700108, India
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Dziarmaga J, Rams MM, Zurek WH. Coherent Many-Body Oscillations Induced by a Superposition of Broken Symmetry States in the Wake of a Quantum Phase Transition. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:260407. [PMID: 36608203 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.260407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
It is now widely accepted that quenches through the critical region of quantum phase transitions result in post-transition states populated with topological defects-analogs of the classical topological defects. However, consequences of the very nonclassical fact that the state after a quench is a superposition of distinct, broken-symmetry vacua with different numbers and locations of defects have remained largely unexplored. We identify coherent quantum oscillations induced by such superpositions in observables complementary to the one involved in symmetry breaking. These oscillations satisfy Kibble-Zurek dynamical scaling laws with the quench rate, with an instantaneous oscillation frequency set primarily by the gap of the system. In addition to the obvious fundamental significance of a superposition of different broken symmetry states, quantum coherent oscillations can be used to verify unitarity and test for imperfections of the experimental implementations of quantum simulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Dziarmaga
- Jagiellonian University, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Łojasiewicza 11, PL-30348 Kraków, Poland
| | - Marek M Rams
- Jagiellonian University, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Łojasiewicza 11, PL-30348 Kraków, Poland
| | - Wojciech H Zurek
- Theory Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
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