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Meneri M, Abati E, Gagliardi D, Faravelli I, Parente V, Ratti A, Verde F, Ticozzi N, Comi GP, Ottoboni L, Corti S. Identification of Novel Biomarkers of Spinal Muscular Atrophy and Therapeutic Response by Proteomic and Metabolomic Profiling of Human Biological Fluid Samples. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051254. [PMID: 37238925 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a neuromuscular disease resulting from mutations or deletions in SMN1 that lead to progressive death of alpha motor neurons, ultimately leading to severe muscle weakness and atrophy, as well as premature death in the absence of treatment. Recent approval of SMN-increasing medications as SMA therapy has altered the natural course of the disease. Thus, accurate biomarkers are needed to predict SMA severity, prognosis, drug response, and overall treatment efficacy. This article reviews novel non-targeted omics strategies that could become useful clinical tools for patients with SMA. Proteomics and metabolomics can provide insights into molecular events underlying disease progression and treatment response. High-throughput omics data have shown that untreated SMA patients have different profiles than controls. In addition, patients who clinically improved after treatment have a different profile than those who did not. These results provide a glimpse on potential markers that could assist in identifying therapy responders, in tracing the course of the disease, and in predicting its outcome. These studies have been restricted by the limited number of patients, but the approaches are feasible and can unravel severity-specific neuro-proteomic and metabolic SMA signatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megi Meneri
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Stroke Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Abati
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Neurology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Delia Gagliardi
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Neurology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Irene Faravelli
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Neurology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Parente
- Neurology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Antonia Ratti
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20095 Milan, Italy
- Department Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, 20100 Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Verde
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20095 Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Ticozzi
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20095 Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomo P Comi
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Neurology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Linda Ottoboni
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Corti
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Neuromuscular and Rare Diseases Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
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