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Wang Z, Li X, Zhao L, Liu S, Du J, Jia X, Ge L, Xu J, Cui K, Ga Y, Wang J, Xia X. Matrine Restores Colistin Efficacy Against mcr-1-Carrying Escherichia coli. Molecules 2025; 30:2122. [PMID: 40430295 PMCID: PMC12113751 DOI: 10.3390/molecules30102122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2025] [Revised: 05/06/2025] [Accepted: 05/09/2025] [Indexed: 05/29/2025] Open
Abstract
The emergence of mcr-1-mediated colistin resistance has become a critical global health concern, highlighting the urgent need for innovative approaches to restore colistin's therapeutic potential. In this study, we evaluated the antibacterial activity of four matrine-type alkaloids-namely, matrine, oxymatrine, sophocarpine, and sophoramine-against mcr-1-positive Escherichia coli. While these alkaloids showed limited efficacy when used alone, the combination of matrine with colistin exhibited remarkable synergistic effects, as demonstrated by checkerboard assays and time-kill curve analyses. The matrine-colistin combination caused minimal erythrocyte damage while effectively attenuating resistance development in vitro. This synergy was further corroborated in a murine infection model, where the combination significantly reduced bacterial loads in target tissues. Mechanistic studies revealed that the matrine-colistin combination enhances antimicrobial activity by disrupting bacterial membrane integrity, increasing intracellular colistin accumulation, and triggering reactive oxygen species-mediated oxidative damage. Collectively, these findings highlight the potential of matrine as a promising adjuvant to overcome colistin resistance, providing a novel therapeutic approach to address the challenge of infections cause by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhinan Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Z.W.); (X.L.); (L.Z.); (S.L.); (J.D.); (X.J.); (L.G.); (J.X.); (K.C.); (Y.G.)
| | - Xiaowei Li
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Z.W.); (X.L.); (L.Z.); (S.L.); (J.D.); (X.J.); (L.G.); (J.X.); (K.C.); (Y.G.)
| | - Liang Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Z.W.); (X.L.); (L.Z.); (S.L.); (J.D.); (X.J.); (L.G.); (J.X.); (K.C.); (Y.G.)
| | - Saiwa Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Z.W.); (X.L.); (L.Z.); (S.L.); (J.D.); (X.J.); (L.G.); (J.X.); (K.C.); (Y.G.)
| | - Jingjing Du
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Z.W.); (X.L.); (L.Z.); (S.L.); (J.D.); (X.J.); (L.G.); (J.X.); (K.C.); (Y.G.)
| | - Xi Jia
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Z.W.); (X.L.); (L.Z.); (S.L.); (J.D.); (X.J.); (L.G.); (J.X.); (K.C.); (Y.G.)
| | - Lirui Ge
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Z.W.); (X.L.); (L.Z.); (S.L.); (J.D.); (X.J.); (L.G.); (J.X.); (K.C.); (Y.G.)
| | - Jian Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Z.W.); (X.L.); (L.Z.); (S.L.); (J.D.); (X.J.); (L.G.); (J.X.); (K.C.); (Y.G.)
| | - Kexin Cui
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Z.W.); (X.L.); (L.Z.); (S.L.); (J.D.); (X.J.); (L.G.); (J.X.); (K.C.); (Y.G.)
| | - Yu Ga
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Z.W.); (X.L.); (L.Z.); (S.L.); (J.D.); (X.J.); (L.G.); (J.X.); (K.C.); (Y.G.)
| | - Jinxiu Wang
- Hainan Provincial Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Haikou 571100, China
| | - Xi Xia
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Z.W.); (X.L.); (L.Z.); (S.L.); (J.D.); (X.J.); (L.G.); (J.X.); (K.C.); (Y.G.)
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