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A Critical Assessment of the Congruency between Environmental DNA and Palaeoecology for the Biodiversity Monitoring and Palaeoenvironmental Reconstruction. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19159445. [PMID: 35954801 PMCID: PMC9368151 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The present study suggests that standardized methodology, careful site selection, and stratigraphy are essential for investigating ancient ecosystems in order to evaluate biodiversity and DNA-based time series. Based on specific keywords, this investigation reviewed 146 publications using the SCOPUS, Web of Science (WoS), PUBMED, and Google Scholar databases. Results indicate that environmental deoxyribose nucleic acid (eDNA) can be pivotal for assessing and conserving ecosystems. Our review revealed that in the last 12 years (January 2008–July 2021), 63% of the studies based on eDNA have been reported from aquatic ecosystems, 25% from marine habitats, and 12% from terrestrial environments. Out of studies conducted in aquatic systems using the environmental DNA (eDNA) technique, 63% of the investigations have been reported from freshwater ecosystems, with an utmost focus on fish diversity (40%). Further analysis of the literature reveals that during the same period, 24% of the investigations using the environmental DNA technique were carried out on invertebrates, 8% on mammals, 7% on plants, 6% on reptiles, and 5% on birds. The results obtained clearly indicate that the environmental DNA technique has a clear-cut edge over other biodiversity monitoring methods. Furthermore, we also found that eDNA, in conjunction with different dating techniques, can provide better insight into deciphering eco-evolutionary feedback. Therefore, an attempt has been made to offer extensive information on the application of dating methods for different taxa present in diverse ecosystems. Last, we provide suggestions and elucidations on how to overcome the caveats and delineate some of the research avenues that will likely shape this field in the near future. This paper aims to identify the gaps in environmental DNA (eDNA) investigations to help researchers, ecologists, and decision-makers to develop a holistic understanding of environmental DNA (eDNA) and its utility as a palaeoenvironmental contrivance.
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Scheller EL, Swindle C, Grotzinger J, Barnhart H, Bhattacharjee S, Ehlmann BL, Farley K, Fischer WW, Greenberger R, Ingalls M, Martin PE, Osorio-Rodriguez D, Smith BP. Formation of Magnesium Carbonates on Earth and Implications for Mars. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH. PLANETS 2021; 126:e2021JE006828. [PMID: 34422534 PMCID: PMC8378241 DOI: 10.1029/2021je006828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium carbonates have been identified within the landing site of the Perseverance rover mission. This study reviews terrestrial analog environments and textural, mineral assemblage, isotopic, and elemental analyses that have been applied to establish formation conditions of magnesium carbonates. Magnesium carbonates form in five distinct settings: ultramafic rock-hosted veins, the matrix of carbonated peridotite, nodules in soil, alkaline lake, and playa deposits, and as diagenetic replacements within lime-and dolostones. Dominant textures include fine-grained or microcrystalline veins, nodules, and crusts. Microbial influences on formation are recorded in thrombolites, stromatolites, crinkly, and pustular laminites, spheroids, and filamentous microstructures. Mineral assemblages, fluid inclusions, and carbon, oxygen, magnesium, and clumped isotopes of carbon and oxygen have been used to determine the sources of carbon, magnesium, and fluid for magnesium carbonates as well as their temperatures of formation. Isotopic signatures in ultramafic rock-hosted magnesium carbonates reveal that they form by either low-temperature meteoric water infiltration and alteration, hydrothermal alteration, or metamorphic processes. Isotopic compositions of lacustrine magnesium carbonate record precipitation from lake water, evaporation processes, and ambient formation temperatures. Assessment of these features with similar analytical techniques applied to returned Martian samples can establish whether carbonates on ancient Mars were formed at high or low temperature conditions in the surface or subsurface through abiotic or biotic processes. The timing of carbonate formation processes could be constrained by 147Sm-143Nd isochron, U-Pb concordia, 207Pb-206Pb isochron radiometric dating as well as 3He, 21Ne, 22Ne, or 36Ar surface exposure dating of returned Martian magnesium carbonate samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva L Scheller
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Carl Swindle
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - John Grotzinger
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Holly Barnhart
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Surjyendu Bhattacharjee
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Bethany L Ehlmann
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Ken Farley
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Woodward W Fischer
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Rebecca Greenberger
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Miquela Ingalls
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
- Department of Geosciences, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
| | - Peter E Martin
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
- Geological Sciences Department, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Daniela Osorio-Rodriguez
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Ben P Smith
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
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Zreda MG, Phillips FM. Cosmogenic Nuclide Buildup in Surficial Materials. AGU REFERENCE SHELF 2013. [DOI: 10.1029/rf004p0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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Elmore D, Phillips FM. Accelerator mass spectrometry for measurement of long-lived radioisotopes. Science 2010; 236:543-50. [PMID: 17740475 DOI: 10.1126/science.236.4801.543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Particle accelerators, such as those built for research in nuclear physics, can also be used together with magnetic and electrostatic mass analyzers to measure rare isotopes at very low abundance ratios. All molecular ions can be eliminated when accelerated to energies of millions of electron volts. Some atomic isobars can be eliminated with the use of negative ions; others can be separated at high energies by measuring their rate of energy loss in a detector. The long-lived radioisotopes (10)Be, (14)C,(26)A1, 36Cl, and (129)1 can now be measured in small natural samples having isotopic abundances in the range 10(-12) to 10(- 5) and as few as 10(5) atoms. In the past few years, research applications of accelerator mass spectrometry have been concentrated in the earth sciences (climatology, cosmochemistry, environmental chemistry, geochronology, glaciology, hydrology, igneous petrogenesis, minerals exploration, sedimentology, and volcanology), in anthropology and archeology (radiocarbon dating), and in physics (searches for exotic particles and measurement of halflives). In addition, accelerator mass spectrometry may become an important tool for the materials and biological sciences.
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Phillips FM, Zreda M, Plummer MA, Elmore D, Clark DH. Glacial geology and chronology of Bishop Creek and vicinity, eastern Sierra Nevada, California. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1130/b26271.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fred M. Phillips
- Earth & Environmental Science Department, New Mexico Tech, Socorro, New Mexico 87801, USA
| | - Marek Zreda
- Department of Hydrology & Water Resources, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85712, USA
| | - Mitchell A. Plummer
- Earth & Environmental Science Department, New Mexico Tech, Socorro, New Mexico 87801, USA
| | - David Elmore
- Purdue Rare Isotope Measurement Laboratory, Physics Department, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1396, USA
| | - Douglas H. Clark
- Department of Geology, Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington 98225-9080, USA
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Frankel KL, Brantley KS, Dolan JF, Finkel RC, Klinger RE, Knott JR, Machette MN, Owen LA, Phillips FM, Slate JL, Wernicke BP. Cosmogenic10Be and36Cl geochronology of offset alluvial fans along the northern Death Valley fault zone: Implications for transient strain in the eastern California shear zone. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jb004350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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The Contribution of Cosmogenic Nuclides to Unraveling Alpine Paleoclimate Histories. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/1-4020-3508-x_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Unblocking of the Nares Strait by Greenland and Ellesmere ice-sheet retreat 10,000 years ago. Nature 1999. [DOI: 10.1038/18197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Zreda M, Noller JS. Ages of prehistoric earthquakes revealed by cosmogenic chlorine-36 in a bedrock fault scarp at hebgen lake. Science 1998; 282:1097-9. [PMID: 9804542 DOI: 10.1126/science.282.5391.1097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Cosmogenic chlorine-36 reveals dates of the multiple prehistoric earthquakes that have produced a scarp on the Hebgen Lake fault. Apparent chlorine-36 ages are stratigraphically correct, follow a predicted theoretical pattern, and produce geologically reasonable model ages of 24, 20, 7.0, 2.6, 1.7, and 0.4 thousand years ago. This result demonstrates the feasibility of using cosmogenic chlorine-36 to extract paleoearthquake records from bedrock fault scarps.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zreda
- M. Zreda, Department of Hydrology and Water Resources, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA. J. S. Noller, Department of Geology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
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Phillips FM, Zreda MG, Benson LV, Plummer MA, Elmore D, Sharma P. Chronology for Fluctuations in Late Pleistocene Sierra Nevada Glaciers and Lakes. Science 1996. [DOI: 10.1126/science.274.5288.749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Vasconcelos PM, Becker TA, Renne PR, Brimhall GH. Age and Duration of Weathering by 40K-40Ar and 40Ar/39Ar Analysis of Potassium-Manganese Oxides. Science 1992; 258:451-5. [PMID: 17833140 DOI: 10.1126/science.258.5081.451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Supergene cryptomelane [K(1-2)(Mn(3+)Mn(4+))(8)O(16). chiH(2)O] samples from deeply weathered pegmatites in southeastern Brazil subjected to (40)K-(40)Ar and (40)Ar/(39)Ar analysis yielded (40)K-(40)Ar dates ranging from 10.1 +/- 0.5 to 5.6 +/- 0.2 Ma (million years ago). Laser-probe (40)Ar/(39)Ar step-heating of the two most disparate samples yielded plateau dates of 9.94 +/- 0.05 and 5.59 +/- 0.10 Ma, corresponding, within 2 sigma, to the (40)K-(40)Ar dates. The results imply that deep weathering profiles along the eastern Brazilian margin do not reflect present climatic conditions but are the result of a long-term process that was already advanced by the late Miocene. Weathering ages predate pulses of continental sedimentation along the eastern Brazilian margin and suggest that there was a time lag between weathering and erosion processes and sedimentation processes.
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Phillips FM, Zreda MG, Smith SS, Elmore D, Kubik PW, Sharma P. Cosmogenic Chlorine-36 Chronology for Glacial Deposits at Bloody Canyon, Eastern Sierra Nevada. Science 1990; 248:1529-32. [PMID: 17818313 DOI: 10.1126/science.248.4962.1529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Deposits from mountain glaciers provide an important record of Quaternary climatic fluctuations but have proved difficult to date directly. A chronology has been obtained for glacial deposits at Bloody Canyon, California, by measurement ofthe accumulation of chlorine-36 produced by cosmic rays in boulders exposed on moraine crests. The accumulation ofchlorine-36 indicates that episodes of glaciation occurred at about 21, 24, 65, 115, 145, and 200 ka (thousand years ago). Although the timing of the glaciations correlates well with peaks of global ice volume inferred from the marine oxygen isotope record, the relative magnitudes differ markedly. The lengths of the moraines dating from 115 ka and 65 ka show that the early glacial episodes were more extensive than those during the later Wisconsin and indicate that the transition from interglacial to full glacial conditions was rapid.
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Bilokon H, Castagnoli GC, Castellina A, Piazzoli BD, Mannocchi G, Meroni E, Picchi P, Vernetto S. Flux of the vertical negative muons stopping at depths 0.35–1000 hg/cm2. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1029/jb094ib09p12145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Lal D, Nishiizumi K, Arnold JR. In situ cosmogenic3H,14C, and10Be for determining the net accumulation and ablation rates of ice sheets. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1987. [DOI: 10.1029/jb092ib06p04947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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