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Fasano F, Bolgar P, Iadevaia G, Hunter CA. Supramolecular template-directed synthesis of triazole oligomers. Chem Sci 2022; 13:13085-13093. [PMID: 36425510 PMCID: PMC9667925 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc04155c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sandwich complexes formed by two zinc porphyrins and a diamine ligand (DABCO) have been used as a supramolecular template to direct the synthesis of triazole oligomers. Monomer units equipped with two polymerizable functional groups, an alkyne and an azide, were attached to the template via ester bonds between a phenol unit on the monomer and benzoic acid units on the porphyrin. Self-assembly of the zinc porphyrins by addition of DABCO led to a supramolecular complex containing four of the monomer units, two on each porphyrin. CuAAC oligomerisation was carried out in the presence of a chain capping agent to prevent intermolecular reactions between the templated products, which carry reactive chain ends. The templated-directed oligomerisation resulted in selective formation of a duplex, which contains two identical chains of triazole oligomers connecting the porphyrin linkers. The effective molarity for the intramolecular CuAAC reactions on the template is 3–9 mM, and because the triazole backbone has a direction, the product duplex was obtained as a 4 : 1 mixture of the parallel and antiparallel isomers. Hydrolysis of the ester bonds connecting the oligomers to the template gave a single product, the phenol 2-mer, in excellent yield. The introduction of a supramolecular element into the template considerably broadens the scope of the covalent template-directed oligomerisation methodology that we previously developed for the replication of sequence information in synthetic oligomers. A supramolecular metalloporphyrin assembly was used as a disposable template for controlling the oligomerisation of covalently attached monomer building blocks to give a linear oligomeric product that is not accessible via untemplated reactions.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Fasano
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Peter Bolgar
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Giulia Iadevaia
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Christopher A. Hunter
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
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2
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Carpenter SH, Billow BS, Tondreau AM. Diastereoselective Template Synthesis on Iron and Uranium. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Brennan S. Billow
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544, United States
| | - Aaron M. Tondreau
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544, United States
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3
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Ciaccia M, Núñez-Villanueva D, Hunter CA. Capping Strategies for Covalent Template-Directed Synthesis of Linear Oligomers Using CuAAC. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:10862-10875. [PMID: 31251047 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b04973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Covalent templating provides an attractive solution to the controlled synthesis of linear oligomers because a template oligomer can be used to define the precise length and sequence of the product. If the monomer units are attached to the template using kinetically inert covalent bonds it should be possible to operate at high dilution to favor intramolecular over intermolecular reaction. However, for oligomerization reactions using copper-catalyzed azide alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) this is not the case. The rate-limiting step is formation of an activated copper complex, so any alkyne that is activated by copper reacts rapidly with the nearest available azide. As a result, every time a chain end alkyne is activated, rapid intermolecular reaction takes place with a different oligomer leading to the formation of higher order products. It proved possible to block these intermolecular reactions by adding an excess of an azide capping agent that intercepts the chain end of the growing oligomer on the template. By adjusting the concentration of the capping agent to compete effectively with the unwanted intermolecular reactions without interfering with the desired intramolecular reactions, it was possible to obtain quantitative yields of copy strands from covalent template-directed oligomerization reactions. Remarkably, the capping agent could also be used to control the stereochemistry of the duplex formed in the templated oligomerization reaction to give exclusively the antiparallel product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ciaccia
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , United Kingdom
| | - Diego Núñez-Villanueva
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , United Kingdom
| | - Christopher A Hunter
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , United Kingdom
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4
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von Krbek LKS, Roberts DA, Pilgrim BS, Schalley CA, Nitschke JR. Multivalent Crown Ether Receptors Enable Allosteric Regulation of Anion Exchange in an Fe4
L6
Tetrahedron. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201808534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Larissa K. S. von Krbek
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie; Freie Universität Berlin; Takustrasse 3 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Derrick A. Roberts
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics; Karolinska Institutet; Solnavägen 9 171 65 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Ben S. Pilgrim
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Christoph A. Schalley
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie; Freie Universität Berlin; Takustrasse 3 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Jonathan R. Nitschke
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
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5
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von Krbek LKS, Roberts DA, Pilgrim BS, Schalley CA, Nitschke JR. Multivalent Crown Ether Receptors Enable Allosteric Regulation of Anion Exchange in an Fe4
L6
Tetrahedron. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:14121-14124. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201808534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Larissa K. S. von Krbek
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie; Freie Universität Berlin; Takustrasse 3 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Derrick A. Roberts
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics; Karolinska Institutet; Solnavägen 9 171 65 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Ben S. Pilgrim
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Christoph A. Schalley
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie; Freie Universität Berlin; Takustrasse 3 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Jonathan R. Nitschke
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
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6
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Tieu W, Lifa T, Katsifis A, Codd R. Octadentate Zirconium(IV)-Loaded Macrocycles with Varied Stoichiometry Assembled From Hydroxamic Acid Monomers using Metal-Templated Synthesis. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:3719-3728. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- William Tieu
- School of Medical
Sciences (Pharmacology) and Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, New
South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Tulip Lifa
- School of Medical
Sciences (Pharmacology) and Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, New
South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Andrew Katsifis
- Department of Molecular Imaging, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales 2050, Australia
| | - Rachel Codd
- School of Medical
Sciences (Pharmacology) and Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, New
South Wales 2006, Australia
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7
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Giani AM, Vágner A, Negri R, Baranyai Z, Giovenzana GB. cis-IPDTA: An original polyaminopolycarboxylic chelating agent from isophoronediamine. Synthesis and thermodynamic characterization of metal complexes. Polyhedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2016.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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8
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Foscato M, Houghton BJ, Occhipinti G, Deeth RJ, Jensen VR. Ring Closure To Form Metal Chelates in 3D Fragment-Based de Novo Design. J Chem Inf Model 2015; 55:1844-56. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.5b00424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Foscato
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Benjamin J. Houghton
- Inorganic
Computational Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, Great Britain
| | - Giovanni Occhipinti
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Robert J. Deeth
- Inorganic
Computational Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, Great Britain
| | - Vidar R. Jensen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
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9
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Chan AKW, Wong KMC, Yam VWW. Supramolecular Assembly of Isocyanorhodium(I) Complexes: An Interplay of Rhodium(I)···Rhodium(I) Interactions, Hydrophobic–Hydrophobic Interactions, and Host–Guest Chemistry. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:6920-31. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b03396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alan Kwun-Wa Chan
- Institute of Molecular Functional
Materials (Areas of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee,
Hong Kong) and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Keith Man-Chung Wong
- Institute of Molecular Functional
Materials (Areas of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee,
Hong Kong) and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Vivian Wing-Wah Yam
- Institute of Molecular Functional
Materials (Areas of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee,
Hong Kong) and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, PR China
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10
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Multiaddressable molecular rectangles with reversible host-guest interactions: modulation of pH-controlled guest release and capture. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:690-5. [PMID: 25568083 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1423709112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of multiaddressable platinum(II) molecular rectangles with different rigidities and cavity sizes has been synthesized by endcapping the U-shaped diplatinum(II) terpyridine moiety with various bis-alkynyl ligands. The studies of the host-guest association with various square planar platinum(II), palladium(II), and gold(III) complexes and the related low-dimensional gold(I) complexes, most of which are potential anticancer therapeutics, have been performed. Excellent guest confinement and selectivity of the rectangular architecture have been shown. Introduction of pH-responsive functionalities to the ligand backbone generates multifunctional molecular rectangles that exhibit reversible guest release and capture on the addition of acids and bases, indicating their potential in controlled therapeutics delivery on pH modulation. The reversible host-guest interactions are found to be strongly perturbed by metal-metal and π-π interactions and to a certain extent, electrostatic interactions, giving rise to various spectroscopic changes depending on the nature of the guest molecules. Their binding mode and thermodynamic parameters have been determined by 2D NMR and van't Hoff analysis and supported by computational study.
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11
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Kumari H, Kline SR, Atwood JL. Aqueous solubilization of hydrophobic supramolecular metal–organic nanocapsules. Chem Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4sc00035h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Micelles of surfactant solubilized metal-seamed pyrogallol[4]arene based organic nanocapsules are synthesized and characterized using in situ neutron scattering and dynamic light scattering techniques, which show trends in sizes as a function of alkyl tails of pyrogallols and surfactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Kumari
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Missouri-Columbia
- Columbia, USA
| | - S. R. Kline
- NIST Center for Neutron Research
- National Institute of Standards and Technology
- Gaithersburg, USA
| | - J. L. Atwood
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Missouri-Columbia
- Columbia, USA
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12
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Medina-Morales A, Perez A, Brodin JD, Tezcan FA. In vitro and cellular self-assembly of a Zn-binding protein cryptand via templated disulfide bonds. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:12013-22. [PMID: 23905754 DOI: 10.1021/ja405318d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Simultaneously strong and reversible through redox chemistry, disulfide bonds play a unique and often irreplaceable role in the formation of biological and synthetic assemblies. In an approach inspired by supramolecular chemistry, we report here that engineered noncovalent interactions on the surface of a monomeric protein can template its assembly into a unique cryptand-like protein complex ((C81/C96)RIDC14) by guiding the selective formation of multiple disulfide bonds across different interfaces. Owing to its highly interconnected framework, (C81/C96)RIDC14 is well preorganized for metal coordination in its interior, can support a large internal cavity surrounding the metal sites, and can withstand significant alterations in inner-sphere metal coordination. (C81/C96)RIDC14 self-assembles with high fidelity and yield in the periplasmic space of E. coli cells, where it can successfully compete for Zn(II) binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette Medina-Morales
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0356, USA
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13
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Choi KY, Jung EO, Yun H, Yang YH, Kazlauskas RJ, Kim BG. Development of colorimetric HTS assay of cytochrome p450 for ortho-specific hydroxylation, and engineering of CYP102D1 with enhanced catalytic activity and regioselectivity. Chembiochem 2013; 14:1231-8. [PMID: 23780920 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201300212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A current challenge in high-throughput screening (HTS) of hydroxylation reactions by P450 is a fast and sensitive assay for regioselective hydroxylation against millions of mutants. We have developed a solid-agar plate-based HTS assay for screening ortho-specific hydroxylation of daidzein by sensing formaldehyde generated from the O-dealkylation reaction. This method adopts a colorimetric dye, pararosaniline, which has previously been used as an aldehyde-specific probe within cells. The rationale for this method lies in the fact that the hydroxylation activity at ortho-carbon position to COH correlates with a linear relationship to O-dealkylation activity on chemically introduced methoxy group at the corresponding COH. As a model system, a 4',7-dihydroxyisoflavone (daidzein) hydroxylase (CYP102D1 F96V/M246I), which catalyzes hydroxylation at ortho positions of the daidzein A/B-ring, was examined for O-dealklyation activity, by using permethylated daidzein as a surrogate substrate. By using the developed indirect bishydroxylation screening assay, the correlation coefficient between O-dealkylation and bishydroxylation activity for the template enzyme was 0.72. For further application of this assay, saturation mutants at A273/G274/T277 were examined by mutant screening with a permethylated daidzein analogue substrate (A-ring inactivated in order to find enhanced 3'-regioselectiviy). The whole-cell biotransformation of daidzein by final screened mutant G1 (A273H/G274E/T277G) showed fourfold increased conversion yield, with 14.3 mg L(-1) production titer and greatly increased 3'-regioselectiviy (3'/6=11.8). These results show that there is a remarkably high correlation (both in vitro and in vivo), thus suggesting that this assay would be ideal for a primary HTS assay for P450 reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwon-Young Choi
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Kwanak-ro, 151-742 Seoul, South Korea
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14
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Selivanova NM, Galeeva AI, Sukhanov AA, Gnezdilov OI, Chachkov DV, Galyametdinov YG. N,N-dimethyldodecylamine oxide self-organization in the presence of lanthanide ions in aqueous and aqueous-decanol solutions. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:5355-64. [PMID: 23557206 DOI: 10.1021/jp400875b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The article represents the results of research in self-organization of new lanthanide systems in water-decanol medium. The systems are based on N,N-dimethyldodecylamine oxide, a zwitterionic surfactant. The study covers the complex formation of lanthanide ions with C12DMAO molecules and the influence of Ln(III) ions and medium composition on surfactant association in diluted solutions. The analysis of adsorption isotherms was carried out on the basis of the combination of Gibbs and Langmuir adsorption equations. The results were used to determine physicochemical properties and parameters of a monomolecular adsorption layer. The research objects were various lanthanide ions with identical coordination centers. A number of spectroscopic methods (UV, NMR self-diffusion, EPR, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and fluorescent analysis) were involved in the research for comparative estimations of molecular dynamics, critical micellization concentration, geometry, sizes, and aggregation numbers of micellar aggregates. Micelle structure simulation revealed good agreement between experimental data and quantum chemical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia M Selivanova
- Kazan National Research Technological University, 68 Karl Marx, Kazan, Russia, 420015.
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15
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KOBAYASHI NAGAO, FURUYA FUMIO, YUG GYEONGCHANG. A One-pot, One-step, High-yield Reaction Leading to Metal–Metal Dimacrocycles: the Phthalocyanine Dimer with a Direct Si—Si Linkage. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-1409(199908/10)3:6/7<433::aid-jpp152>3.0.co;2-j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A new concept widely applicable in organometallic chemistry has been introduced for the preparation of cofacial macrocyclic dimers or oligomers. The most notable feature is the use of dimetal or oligometal salts/compounds as templates. In order to exemplify the advantage of this method, a cofacial diphthalocyanine linked by an Si—Si bond has been synthesized in 30% yield in a one-step reaction using hexachlorodisilane as a template and characterized. The cofacial dimer structures are supported by various spectroscopic techniques, including electronic absorption, magnetic circular dichroism, nuclear magnetic resonance and differential pulse voltammetry. However, the unusual phenomenon of a red shift of the main band in the Soret band region was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- NAGAO KOBAYASHI
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - FUMIO FURUYA
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - GYEONG-CHANG YUG
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
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16
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Salgado EN, Brodin JD, To MM, Tezcan FA. Templated construction of a Zn-selective protein dimerization motif. Inorg Chem 2011; 50:6323-9. [PMID: 21648390 DOI: 10.1021/ic200746m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report that the approach of metal-templated ligand synthesis can be applied to construct a dimeric protein assembly ((BMOE)RIDC1(2)), which is stabilized by noncovalent interactions and flexible covalent cross-linkers around the Zn templates. Despite its flexibility, (BMOE)RIDC1(2) selectively binds Zn(II) over other divalent metals and undergoes dimerization upon metal binding. Such simultaneous fulfillment of plasticity and selectivity is a hallmark of cellular signaling events that involve ligand/metal-induced protein dimerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric N Salgado
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0356, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
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17
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Brodin JD, Medina-Morales A, Ni T, Salgado EN, Ambroggio XI, Tezcan FA. Evolution of metal selectivity in templated protein interfaces. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:8610-7. [PMID: 20515031 PMCID: PMC2896502 DOI: 10.1021/ja910844n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Selective binding by metalloproteins to their cognate metal ions is essential to cellular survival. How proteins originally acquired the ability to selectively bind metals and evolved a diverse array of metal-centered functions despite the availability of only a few metal-coordinating functionalities remains an open question. Using a rational design approach (Metal-Templated Interface Redesign), we describe the transformation of a monomeric electron transfer protein, cytochrome cb(562), into a tetrameric assembly ((C96)RIDC-1(4)) that stably and selectively binds Zn(2+) and displays a metal-dependent conformational change reminiscent of a signaling protein. A thorough analysis of the metal binding properties of (C96)RIDC-1(4) reveals that it can also stably harbor other divalent metals with affinities that rival (Ni(2+)) or even exceed (Cu(2+)) those of Zn(2+) on a per site basis. Nevertheless, this analysis suggests that our templating strategy simultaneously introduces an increased bias toward binding a higher number of Zn(2+) ions (four high affinity sites) versus Cu(2+) or Ni(2+) (two high affinity sites), ultimately leading to the exclusive selectivity of (C96)RIDC-1(4) for Zn(2+) over those ions. More generally, our results indicate that an initial metal-driven nucleation event followed by the formation of a stable protein architecture around the metal provides a straightforward path for generating structural and functional diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey D. Brodin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0356
| | - Annette Medina-Morales
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0356
| | - Thomas Ni
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0356
| | - Eric N. Salgado
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0356
| | | | - F. Akif Tezcan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0356
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18
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Malashikhin SA, Baldridge KK, Finney NS. Efficient Discovery of Fluorescent Chemosensors Based on a Biarylpyridine Scaffold. Org Lett 2010; 12:940-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol902902m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergey A. Malashikhin
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kim K. Baldridge
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nathaniel S. Finney
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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19
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Constable EC, Zhang G, Housecroft CE, Zampese JA. Mix and match: templating chiral Schiff base ligands to suit the needs of the metal ion. Dalton Trans 2010; 39:5332-40. [DOI: 10.1039/c001145b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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20
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Brusilowskij B, Neubacher S, Schalley CA. A double intramolecular cage contraction within a self-assembled metallo-supramolecular bowl. Chem Commun (Camb) 2009:785-7. [DOI: 10.1039/b819412b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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21
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Yu M, Urban MW, Sheng Y, Leszczynski J. Molecular recognition at methyl methacrylate/n-butyl acrylate (MMA/nBA) monomer unit boundaries of phospholipids at p-MMA/nBA copolymer surfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:10382-10389. [PMID: 18693704 DOI: 10.1021/la801765n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Lipid structural features and their interactions with proteins provide a useful vehicle for further advances in membrane proteins research. To mimic one of potential lipid-protein interactions we synthesized poly(methyl methacrylate/ n-butyl acrylate) (p-MMA/nBA) colloidal particles that were stabilized by phospholipid (PLs). Upon the particle coalescence, PL stratification resulted in the formation of surface localized ionic clusters (SLICs). These entities are capable of recognizing MMA/nBA monomer interfaces along the p-MMA/nBA copolymer backbone and form crystalline SLICs at the monomer interface. By utilizing attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR FT-IR) spectroscopy and selected area electron diffraction (SAD) combined with ab initio calculations, studies were conducted that identified the origin of SLICs as well as their structural features formed on the surface of p-MMA/nBA copolymer films stabilized by 1,2-dilauroyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DLPC) PL. Specific entities responsible for SLIC formation are selective noncovalent bonds of anionic phosphate and cationic quaternary ammonium segments of DLPC that interact with two neighboring carbonyl groups of nBA and MMA monomers of the p-MMA/nBA polymer backbone. To the best of our knowledge this is the first example of molecular recognition facilitated by coalescence of copolymer colloidal particles and the ability of PLs to form SLICs at the boundaries of the neighboring MMA and nBA monomer units of the p-MMA/nBA chain. The dominating noncovalent bonds responsible for the molecular recognition is a combination of H-bonding and electrostatic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yu
- School of Polymers and High Performance Materials, Shelby F. Thames Polymer Science Research Center, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS 39406, USA
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Johnson DW, Raymond KN. The self-assembly of a [Ga4L6](12-) tetrahedral cluster thermodynamically driven by host-guest interactions. Inorg Chem 2001; 40:5157-61. [PMID: 11559075 DOI: 10.1021/ic0102283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The guest-induced synthesis of a [Ga4L6](12-) tetrahedral metal-ligand cluster resulting from a predictive design strategy is described. Each of the six dicatecholamide ligands spans an edge of the molecular tetrahedron with four Ga(III) ions at the vertices. Small cationic species not only were found to occupy the large void volume (ca. 300-400 A(3)) inside this cluster but also are necessary thermodynamically to drive cluster assembly via formation of a host-guest complex. NMe4(+), NEt4(+), and NPr4(+) all suit this purpose, and in addition the cluster exhibits a preference in the binding of these three guests: NEt4(+) is bound 300 times more strongly than NPr4(+), which is in turn bound 4 times more strongly than NMe4(+), as determined by 1H NMR spectroscopy. The K6(NEt4)6[Ga4L6] cluster was characterized by NMR spectroscopy, high- (Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance, FT-ICR) and low-resolution electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry, elemental analysis, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The binding of the NEt4(+) guest molecule was confirmed in the solid state structure, which reveals that the molecule contains large channels in the solid state. As this result exemplifies, it is suggested that guest molecules will play an increasing role in the formation of larger, predesigned metal-ligand clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- D W Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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Rybak-Akimova EV, Alcock NW, Busch DH. Dicompartmental Ligands with Hexa- and Tetradentate Coordination Sites: One-Step Synthesis of Ligands and Metal Complexes and Their X-ray Structure Analysis. Inorg Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/ic9712737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena V. Rybak-Akimova
- Departments of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, and University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Nathaniel W. Alcock
- Departments of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, and University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Daryle H. Busch
- Departments of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, and University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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Villanueva ND, Bocarsly JR, Ziller JW. A Trapped Intermediate in the Copper(II)-Mediated Template Synthesis of an Amino Acid-Containing Ligand. Inorg Chem 1997; 36:4585-4592. [PMID: 11670125 DOI: 10.1021/ic961409l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A transition metal ion-templating reaction that has been widely exploited for the synthesis of nitrogen macrocycles, sepulchrates, and linear tetradentate ligands is the template-directed Mannich condensation of carbon acid and aldehyde equivalents with amines. In the course of investigating the copper(II) template-directed synthesis of linear tetradentate amino acid-containing ligands for the design and synthesis of double-strand DNA cleavage agents, we have trapped and characterized an intermediate in the templating reaction. Condensation of bis(phenylalaninato)copper(II) with formaldehyde and nitroethane led to a nitro-substituent-bearing precursor complex that upon reduction is crystallographically characterized as ((2S)-5-amino-2-benzyl-6-hydroxy-5-methyl-3-azahexanoate)copper(II) (space group P2(1)2(1)2(1), a = 9.0066(5) Å, b = 11.1040(6) Å, c = 16.009(2) Å, alpha = beta = gamma = 90.0 degrees, Z = 4, R(1) = 0.0265, wR(2) = 0.0612). NMR investigation of the precursor complex and the precursor and product ligands shows that the templated ligands each contain only a single phenylalanine unit, not the two phenylalanine units expected on the basis of similar synthetic procedures. The structure of the reduced product confirms this conclusion and provides structural characterization of a template intermediate trapped during ligand assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nydia D. Villanueva
- Departments of Chemistry, The University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, and University of California, Irvine, California 92697
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Abstract
Although synthetic materials are now widely used in implanted medical devices, they are not engineered for recognition and specificity. This article considers the design of polymer surfaces that might be specifically recognized and trigger normal healing pathways. The technological advances that will contribute to biorecognition biomaterials include surfaces to inhibit non-specific interactions, self-assembly to create ordered surface structures and strategies to place recognition sites on surfaces by random arrays of groups and by templates.
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Affiliation(s)
- B D Ratner
- Center for Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle 98195, USA
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Structural definition of chemical templates and the prediction of new and unusual materials. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01053876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Bell TW, Liu J. Torandsynthese durch Trimerisierung — neue Rezeptoren für Guanidinium. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1990. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19901020820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Liu J, Quinn N, Berchtold GA, Walsh CT. Overexpression, purification, and characterization of isochorismate synthase (EntC), the first enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of enterobactin from chorismate. Biochemistry 1990; 29:1417-25. [PMID: 2139795 DOI: 10.1021/bi00458a012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Isochorismate synthase (EC 5.4.99.6), the entC gene product of Escherichia coli, catalyzes the conversion of chorismate to isochorismate, the first step in the biosynthesis of the powerful iron-chelating agent enterobactin. A sequence-specific deletion method has been used to construct an EntC overproducer, which allows for the purification and characterization of the E. coli isochorismate synthase for the first time. The N-terminal sequence and the subunit molecular weight (43,000) of the polypeptide derived from SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis agree with those deduced from DNA sequence data. The enzyme is an active monomer with a native molecular weight of 42,000. It was shown that EntC alone is fully capable of catalyzing the interconversion of chorismate and isochorismate in both directions and the associated activity is not affected by EntA of the same biosynthetic pathway as has recently been speculated [Elkins, M. F., & Earhart, C. F. (1988) FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 56, 35; Liu, J., Duncan, K., & Walsh, C.T. (1989) J. Bacteriol. 171, 791; Ozenberger, B. A., Brickman, T.J., & McIntosh, M. A. (1989) J. Bacteriol. 171, 775]. The kinetic constants were determined with Km = 14 microM and kcat = 173 min-1 for chorismate in the forward direction and Km = 5 microM and kcat = 108 min-1 for isochorismate in the backward direction. The equilibrium constant for the reaction derived from the kinetic data is 0.56 with the equilibrium lying toward the side of chorismate, corresponding to a free energy difference of 0.36 kcal/mol between chorismate and isochorismate.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- J Liu
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
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