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Ameen C, Feuerborn TR, Brown SK, Linderholm A, Hulme-Beaman A, Lebrasseur O, Sinding MHS, Lounsberry ZT, Lin AT, Appelt M, Bachmann L, Betts M, Britton K, Darwent J, Dietz R, Fredholm M, Gopalakrishnan S, Goriunova OI, Grønnow B, Haile J, Hallsson JH, Harrison R, Heide-Jørgensen MP, Knecht R, Losey RJ, Masson-MacLean E, McGovern TH, McManus-Fry E, Meldgaard M, Midtdal Å, Moss ML, Nikitin IG, Nomokonova T, Pálsdóttir AH, Perri A, Popov AN, Rankin L, Reuther JD, Sablin M, Schmidt AL, Shirar S, Smiarowski K, Sonne C, Stiner MC, Vasyukov M, West CF, Ween GB, Wennerberg SE, Wiig Ø, Woollett J, Dalén L, Hansen AJ, P Gilbert MT, Sacks BN, Frantz L, Larson G, Dobney K, Darwent CM, Evin A. Specialized sledge dogs accompanied Inuit dispersal across the North American Arctic. Proc Biol Sci 2019; 286:20191929. [PMID: 31771471 PMCID: PMC6939252 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2019.1929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Domestic dogs have been central to life in the North American Arctic for millennia. The ancestors of the Inuit were the first to introduce the widespread usage of dog sledge transportation technology to the Americas, but whether the Inuit adopted local Palaeo-Inuit dogs or introduced a new dog population to the region remains unknown. To test these hypotheses, we generated mitochondrial DNA and geometric morphometric data of skull and dental elements from a total of 922 North American Arctic dogs and wolves spanning over 4500 years. Our analyses revealed that dogs from Inuit sites dating from 2000 BP possess morphological and genetic signatures that distinguish them from earlier Palaeo-Inuit dogs, and identified a novel mitochondrial clade in eastern Siberia and Alaska. The genetic legacy of these Inuit dogs survives today in modern Arctic sledge dogs despite phenotypic differences between archaeological and modern Arctic dogs. Together, our data reveal that Inuit dogs derive from a secondary pre-contact migration of dogs distinct from Palaeo-Inuit dogs, and probably aided the Inuit expansion across the North American Arctic beginning around 1000 BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carly Ameen
- Department of Archaeology, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon, UK.,Department of Archaeology, Classics and Egyptology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, Merseyside, UK
| | - Tatiana R Feuerborn
- Department of Archaeology and Classical Studies, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.,Centre for GeoGenetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,The Qimmeq Project, University of Greenland, Nuussuaq, Greenland.,Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden.,Centre for Palaeogenetics, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sarah K Brown
- Department of Anthropology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.,Mammalian Ecology and Conservation Unit of the Veterinary Genetics Laboratory, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.,Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, Olympia, WA, USA
| | - Anna Linderholm
- Department of Anthropology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.,The Palaeogenomics and Bio-archaeology Research Network, Research Laboratory for Archaeology and History of Art, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ardern Hulme-Beaman
- Department of Archaeology, Classics and Egyptology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, Merseyside, UK.,The Palaeogenomics and Bio-archaeology Research Network, Research Laboratory for Archaeology and History of Art, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,School of Natural Sciences and Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Ophélie Lebrasseur
- Department of Archaeology, Classics and Egyptology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, Merseyside, UK.,The Palaeogenomics and Bio-archaeology Research Network, Research Laboratory for Archaeology and History of Art, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,GCRF One Health Regional Network for the Horn of Africa (HORN) Project, Institute of Infection and Global Health, Liverpool, UK
| | - Mikkel-Holger S Sinding
- Section for Evolutionary Genomics, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,The Qimmeq Project, University of Greenland, Nuussuaq, Greenland.,Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Greenland Institute of Natural Resources, Nuuk, Greenland
| | - Zachary T Lounsberry
- Mammalian Ecology and Conservation Unit of the Veterinary Genetics Laboratory, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Audrey T Lin
- The Palaeogenomics and Bio-archaeology Research Network, Research Laboratory for Archaeology and History of Art, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Lutz Bachmann
- Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Matthew Betts
- Canadian Museum of History, Gatineau, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Anthropology, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Kate Britton
- Department of Archaeology, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.,Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Sachsen, Germany
| | - John Darwent
- Department of Anthropology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Rune Dietz
- Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus Universitet, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Bioscience Roskilde, Aarhus Universitet, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Merete Fredholm
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Shyam Gopalakrishnan
- Centre for GeoGenetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Section for Evolutionary Genomics, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Olga I Goriunova
- Laboratory of Archaeology and Paleoecology of the Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography (Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Science), Irkutsk, Russian Federation
| | | | - James Haile
- The Palaeogenomics and Bio-archaeology Research Network, Research Laboratory for Archaeology and History of Art, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jón Hallsteinn Hallsson
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The Agricultural University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Ramona Harrison
- Department of Archaeology, History, Cultural Studies, and Religion, University of Bergen, Bergen, Hordaland, Norway
| | | | - Rick Knecht
- Department of Archaeology, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Robert J Losey
- Department of Anthropology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Thomas H McGovern
- Department of Anthropology, Hunter College CUNY, New York, NY, USA.,The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Morten Meldgaard
- Centre for GeoGenetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,The Qimmeq Project, University of Greenland, Nuussuaq, Greenland
| | | | - Madonna L Moss
- Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Iurii G Nikitin
- Museum of Archaeology and Ethnography at the Institute of History, Archaeology and Ethnography of the Peoples of the Far East (Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Science), Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Tatiana Nomokonova
- Department of Archaeology and Anthropology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Albína Hulda Pálsdóttir
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES) Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The Agricultural University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Angela Perri
- Department of Archaeology, Durham University, Durham, UK
| | - Aleksandr N Popov
- Museum of Archaeology and Ethnography at the Institute of History, Archaeology and Ethnography of the Peoples of the Far East (Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Science), Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Lisa Rankin
- Department of Archaeology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, Canada
| | - Joshua D Reuther
- Department of Anthropology, University of Alaska Museum of the North, Fairbanks, AK, USA
| | - Mikhail Sablin
- Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, St Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | | | - Scott Shirar
- Department of Anthropology, University of Alaska Museum of the North, Fairbanks, AK, USA
| | - Konrad Smiarowski
- The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.,Section for Cultural Heritage Management, Department of Cultural History, University Museum of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Christian Sonne
- Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus Universitet, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Bioscience, Aarhus Universitet, Aarhus, Denmark.,School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mary C Stiner
- School of Anthropology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Mitya Vasyukov
- Department of Biological Diversity and Sustainable Use of Biological Resources, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moskow, Russian Federation
| | - Catherine F West
- Department of Anthropology and Archaeology Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Øystein Wiig
- Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - James Woollett
- Département des Sciences Historiques, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Love Dalén
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden.,Centre for Palaeogenetics, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders J Hansen
- Centre for GeoGenetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,The Qimmeq Project, University of Greenland, Nuussuaq, Greenland
| | - M Thomas P Gilbert
- Section for Evolutionary Genomics, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Norwegian University of Science and Technology, University Museum, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Benjamin N Sacks
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.,Mammalian Ecology and Conservation Unit of the Veterinary Genetics Laboratory, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Laurent Frantz
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Greger Larson
- The Palaeogenomics and Bio-archaeology Research Network, Research Laboratory for Archaeology and History of Art, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,School of Archaeology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Keith Dobney
- Department of Archaeology, Classics and Egyptology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, Merseyside, UK.,Department of Archaeology, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.,Department of Archaeology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Allowen Evin
- Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution-Montpellier, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, IRD, EPHE, Montpellier, Occitanie, France
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