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Wang Q, Zhang C, Li R. Impact of different geopolitical factors on the energy transition: The role of geopolitical threats, geopolitical acts, and geopolitical risks. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 352:119962. [PMID: 38183914 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
In order to better understand the impact of different geopolitical factors on energy transition, the impact of geopolitical threats (war threats, peace threats, military buildups, nuclear threats and terror threats), geopolitical acts (beginning of war, escalation of war and terror acts), and geopolitical risks on energy transition were systematically investigated. Green technologies, natural resource rents and trade openness were incorporated into the analytical framework, and a dynamic panel threshold model was utilized to explore the impact of geopolitical risks on energy transition across different income levels. To this end, data on geopolitical threats, geopolitical acts, geopolitical risks, energy transitions and other key social economic factors for 38 countries from 2000 to 2022 were collected. The heterogeneity simulation results show that there is a negative correlation between geopolitical threats, geopolitical acts, geopolitical risks and energy transition. Moreover, geopolitical threats have more significant hindrance to the energy transition than geopolitical acts. The results of the nonlinear panel simulation show that there is a double threshold effect of geopolitical risks on energy transition. When geopolitical risk crosses the threshold (0.5197), the coefficient decreases to -0.29, which means that the rising geopolitical risk increases the inhibition on energy transition, and the inhibitory effect is slightly weakened after a certain level. Finally, policy implications are offered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- School of Economics and Management, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, People's Republic of China; School of Economics and Management, Xinjiang University, Wulumuqi, 830046, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chen Zhang
- School of Economics and Management, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongrong Li
- School of Economics and Management, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, People's Republic of China; School of Economics and Management, Xinjiang University, Wulumuqi, 830046, People's Republic of China.
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Wolfsberger W, Chhugani K, Shchubelka K, Frolova A, Salyha Y, Zlenko O, Arych M, Dziuba D, Parkhomenko A, Smolanka V, Gümüş ZH, Sezgin E, Diaz-Lameiro A, Toth VR, Maci M, Bortz E, Kondrashov F, Morton PM, Łabaj PP, Romero V, Hlávka J, Mangul S, Oleksyk TK. Scientists without borders: lessons from Ukraine. Gigascience 2022; 12:giad045. [PMID: 37496156 PMCID: PMC10372202 DOI: 10.1093/gigascience/giad045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Conflicts and natural disasters affect entire populations of the countries involved and, in addition to the thousands of lives destroyed, have a substantial negative impact on the scientific advances these countries provide. The unprovoked invasion of Ukraine by Russia, the devastating earthquake in Turkey and Syria, and the ongoing conflicts in the Middle East are just a few examples. Millions of people have been killed or displaced, their futures uncertain. These events have resulted in extensive infrastructure collapse, with loss of electricity, transportation, and access to services. Schools, universities, and research centers have been destroyed along with decades' worth of data, samples, and findings. Scholars in disaster areas face short- and long-term problems in terms of what they can accomplish now for obtaining grants and for employment in the long run. In our interconnected world, conflicts and disasters are no longer a local problem but have wide-ranging impacts on the entire world, both now and in the future. Here, we focus on the current and ongoing impact of war on the scientific community within Ukraine and from this draw lessons that can be applied to all affected countries where scientists at risk are facing hardship. We present and classify examples of effective and feasible mechanisms used to support researchers in countries facing hardship and discuss how these can be implemented with help from the international scientific community and what more is desperately needed. Reaching out, providing accessible training opportunities, and developing collaborations should increase inclusion and connectivity, support scientific advancements within affected communities, and expedite postwar and disaster recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Wolfsberger
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University,
Rochester, MI 48309-4479, USA
| | - Karishma Chhugani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, USC Alfred E. Mann School of Pharmacy and
Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California,
Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Khrystyna Shchubelka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University,
Rochester, MI 48309-4479, USA
| | - Alina Frolova
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics of National Academy of Sciences
of Ukraine, Kyiv Academic University, Kyiv 03143,
Ukraine
| | - Yuriy Salyha
- Institute of Animal Biology, National Academy of Agrarian Sciences (NAAS)
of Ukraine, Lviv 79034, Ukraine
| | - Oksana Zlenko
- National Scientific Center “Institute of Experimental and Clinical
Veterinary Medicine,” Kharkiv 61023, Ukraine
| | - Mykhailo Arych
- Institute of Economics and Management, National University of Food
Technologies (NUFT) of Ukraine, Kyiv 01601,
Ukraine
| | - Dmytro Dziuba
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, P.L. Shpyk
NUHC Ukraine, Kyiv 04112, Ukraine
| | - Andrii Parkhomenko
- Department of Finance and Business Economics, Marshall School
of Business, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Volodymyr Smolanka
- Department of Medicine, Uzhhorod National University,
Uzhhorod 88000, Ukraine
| | - Zeynep H Gümüş
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at
Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Efe Sezgin
- Department of Food Engineering, Izmir Institute of
Technology, Urla, Izmir 35430, Turkey
| | - Alondra Diaz-Lameiro
- Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez,
Mayagüez 00681, Puerto
Rico
| | - Viktor R Toth
- Aquatic Botany and Microbial Ecology Research Group, Balaton Limnological
Research Institute, Tihany 8237, Hungary
| | - Megi Maci
- Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago,
Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Eric Bortz
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alaska,
Anchorage, AK 99508, USA
| | - Fyodor Kondrashov
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria,
Klosterneuburg 3400, Austria
| | - Patricia M Morton
- Department of Sociology, Department of Public Health, Wayne State
University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Paweł P Łabaj
- Małopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University,
Kraków 30-348, Poland
| | - Veronika Romero
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake
City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Jakub Hlávka
- Price School of Public Policy, University of Southern
California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-3333, USA
- Masaryk University, Brno 6017, Czech Republic
| | - Serghei Mangul
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, USC Alfred E. Mann School of Pharmacy and
Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California,
Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Southern
California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Taras K Oleksyk
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University,
Rochester, MI 48309-4479, USA
- Department of Biology, Uzhhorod National University, Uzhhorod
88000, Ukraine
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