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Birgül Iyison N, Abboud C, Abboud D, Abdulrahman AO, Bondar AN, Dam J, Georgoussi Z, Giraldo J, Horvat A, Karoussiotis C, Paz-Castro A, Scarpa M, Schihada H, Scholz N, Güvenc Tuna B, Vardjan N. ERNEST COST action overview on the (patho)physiology of GPCRs and orphan GPCRs in the nervous system. Br J Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 38825750 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are a large family of cell surface receptors that play a critical role in nervous system function by transmitting signals between cells and their environment. They are involved in many, if not all, nervous system processes, and their dysfunction has been linked to various neurological disorders representing important drug targets. This overview emphasises the GPCRs of the nervous system, which are the research focus of the members of ERNEST COST action (CA18133) working group 'Biological roles of signal transduction'. First, the (patho)physiological role of the nervous system GPCRs in the modulation of synapse function is discussed. We then debate the (patho)physiology and pharmacology of opioid, acetylcholine, chemokine, melatonin and adhesion GPCRs in the nervous system. Finally, we address the orphan GPCRs, their implication in the nervous system function and disease, and the challenges that need to be addressed to deorphanize them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Necla Birgül Iyison
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, University of Bogazici, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Clauda Abboud
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, GIGA-Molecular Biology of Diseases, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Dayana Abboud
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, GIGA-Molecular Biology of Diseases, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | | | - Ana-Nicoleta Bondar
- Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, Magurele, Romania
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institute for Computational Biomedicine (IAS-5/INM-9), Jülich, Germany
| | - Julie Dam
- Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Zafiroula Georgoussi
- Laboratory of Cellular Signalling and Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Athens, Greece
| | - Jesús Giraldo
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology and Bioinformatics, Unitat de Bioestadística and Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
- Unitat de Neurociència Traslacional, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anemari Horvat
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology - Molecular Cell Physiology, Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Celica Biomedical, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Christos Karoussiotis
- Laboratory of Cellular Signalling and Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Athens, Greece
| | - Alba Paz-Castro
- Molecular Pharmacology of GPCRs research group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago, Spain
| | - Miriam Scarpa
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hannes Schihada
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Nicole Scholz
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Division of General Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bilge Güvenc Tuna
- Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nina Vardjan
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology - Molecular Cell Physiology, Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Celica Biomedical, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Zhao B, Wang H, Li CX, Song SW, Fang SH, Wei EQ, Shi QJ. GPR17 mediates ischemia-like neuronal injury via microglial activation. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:2750-2762. [PMID: 30226562 PMCID: PMC6192776 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
GPR17 is a G (i)-coupled dual receptor, linked to P2Y and CysLT receptors stimulated by uracil nucleotides and cysteinyl leukotrienes, respectively. Recent evidence has demonstrated that GPR17 inhibition ameliorates the progression of cerebral ischemic injury by regulating neuronal death and microglial activation. The present study aimed to assess the detailed regulatory roles of this receptor in oxygen-glucose deprivation/recovery (OGD/R)-induced ischemia-like injury in vitro and explore the underlying mechanism. The results demonstrated that OGD/R induced ischemic neuronal injury and microglial activation, including enhanced phagocytosis and increased inflammatory cytokine release in neuron‑glial mixed cultures of cortical cells. GPR17 upregulation during OGD/R was spatially and temporally correlated with neuronal injury and microglial activation. In addition, GPR17 knockdown inhibited OGD/R-induced responses in neuron-glial mixed cultures. GPR17 knockdown also attenuated cell injury induced by the agonist leukotriene D4 (LTD4) or uridine 5′-diphosphate (UDP) in neuron-glial mixed cultures. However, GPR17 knockdown did not affect OGD/R-induced ischemic neuronal injury in primary cultures of neurons. In primary astrocyte cultures, neither GPR17 nor OGD/R induced injury. By contrast, GPR17 knockdown ameliorated OGD/R-induced microglial activation, boosting phagocytosis and inflammatory cytokine release in primary microglia cultures. Finally, the results demonstrated that the conditioned medium of microglia pretreated with OGD/R induced neuronal death, and the neuronal injury was significantly inhibited by GPR17 knockdown. These findings suggested that GPR17 may mediate ischemia-like neuronal injury and microglial activation in vitro; however, the protective effects on ischemic neuronal injury might depend upon microglial activation. Whether GPR17 regulates neuronal injury mediated by oligodendrocyte linkage remains to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, P.R. China
| | - Cai-Xia Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Sheng-Wen Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - San-Hua Fang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Er-Qing Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Qiao-Juan Shi
- Experimental Animal Center, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, P.R. China
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Simon K, Merten N, Schröder R, Hennen S, Preis P, Schmitt NK, Peters L, Schrage R, Vermeiren C, Gillard M, Mohr K, Gomeza J, Kostenis E. The Orphan Receptor GPR17 Is Unresponsive to Uracil Nucleotides and Cysteinyl Leukotrienes. Mol Pharmacol 2017; 91:518-532. [PMID: 28254957 DOI: 10.1124/mol.116.107904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Pairing orphan G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) with their cognate endogenous ligands is expected to have a major impact on our understanding of GPCR biology. It follows that the reproducibility of orphan receptor ligand pairs should be of fundamental importance to guide meaningful investigations into the pharmacology and function of individual receptors. GPR17 is an orphan receptor characterized by some as a dualistic uracil nucleotide/cysteinyl leukotriene receptor and by others as inactive toward these stimuli altogether. Whereas regulation of central nervous system myelination by GPR17 is well established, verification of activity of its putative endogenous ligands has proven elusive so far. Herein we report that uracil nucleotides and cysteinyl leukotrienes do not activate human, mouse, or rat GPR17 in various cellular backgrounds, including primary cells, using eight distinct functional assay platforms based on labelfree pathway-unbiased biosensor technologies, as well as canonical second-messenger or biochemical assays. Appraisal of GPR17 activity can neither be accomplished with co-application of both ligand classes, nor with exogenous transfection of partner receptors (nucleotide P2Y12, cysteinyl-leukotriene CysLT1) to reconstitute the elusive pharmacology. Moreover, our study does not support the inhibition of GPR17 by the marketed antiplatelet drugs cangrelor and ticagrelor, previously suggested to antagonize GPR17. Whereas our data do not disagree with a role of GPR17 per se as an orchestrator of central nervous system functions, they challenge the utility of the proposed (ant)agonists as tools to imply direct contribution of GPR17 in complex biologic settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Simon
- Molecular, Cellular and Pharmacobiology Section, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology (K.S., N.M., Ral.S., S.H., P.P., N.-K.S, L.P., J.G., E.K.), Research Training Group 1873 (K.S., E.K.), Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, Institute of Pharmacy (Ram.S., K.M.), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; UCB Pharma, CNS Research, Braine l'Alleud, Belgium (C.V., M.G.)
| | - Nicole Merten
- Molecular, Cellular and Pharmacobiology Section, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology (K.S., N.M., Ral.S., S.H., P.P., N.-K.S, L.P., J.G., E.K.), Research Training Group 1873 (K.S., E.K.), Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, Institute of Pharmacy (Ram.S., K.M.), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; UCB Pharma, CNS Research, Braine l'Alleud, Belgium (C.V., M.G.)
| | - Ralf Schröder
- Molecular, Cellular and Pharmacobiology Section, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology (K.S., N.M., Ral.S., S.H., P.P., N.-K.S, L.P., J.G., E.K.), Research Training Group 1873 (K.S., E.K.), Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, Institute of Pharmacy (Ram.S., K.M.), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; UCB Pharma, CNS Research, Braine l'Alleud, Belgium (C.V., M.G.)
| | - Stephanie Hennen
- Molecular, Cellular and Pharmacobiology Section, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology (K.S., N.M., Ral.S., S.H., P.P., N.-K.S, L.P., J.G., E.K.), Research Training Group 1873 (K.S., E.K.), Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, Institute of Pharmacy (Ram.S., K.M.), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; UCB Pharma, CNS Research, Braine l'Alleud, Belgium (C.V., M.G.)
| | - Philip Preis
- Molecular, Cellular and Pharmacobiology Section, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology (K.S., N.M., Ral.S., S.H., P.P., N.-K.S, L.P., J.G., E.K.), Research Training Group 1873 (K.S., E.K.), Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, Institute of Pharmacy (Ram.S., K.M.), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; UCB Pharma, CNS Research, Braine l'Alleud, Belgium (C.V., M.G.)
| | - Nina-Katharina Schmitt
- Molecular, Cellular and Pharmacobiology Section, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology (K.S., N.M., Ral.S., S.H., P.P., N.-K.S, L.P., J.G., E.K.), Research Training Group 1873 (K.S., E.K.), Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, Institute of Pharmacy (Ram.S., K.M.), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; UCB Pharma, CNS Research, Braine l'Alleud, Belgium (C.V., M.G.)
| | - Lucas Peters
- Molecular, Cellular and Pharmacobiology Section, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology (K.S., N.M., Ral.S., S.H., P.P., N.-K.S, L.P., J.G., E.K.), Research Training Group 1873 (K.S., E.K.), Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, Institute of Pharmacy (Ram.S., K.M.), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; UCB Pharma, CNS Research, Braine l'Alleud, Belgium (C.V., M.G.)
| | - Ramona Schrage
- Molecular, Cellular and Pharmacobiology Section, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology (K.S., N.M., Ral.S., S.H., P.P., N.-K.S, L.P., J.G., E.K.), Research Training Group 1873 (K.S., E.K.), Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, Institute of Pharmacy (Ram.S., K.M.), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; UCB Pharma, CNS Research, Braine l'Alleud, Belgium (C.V., M.G.)
| | - Celine Vermeiren
- Molecular, Cellular and Pharmacobiology Section, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology (K.S., N.M., Ral.S., S.H., P.P., N.-K.S, L.P., J.G., E.K.), Research Training Group 1873 (K.S., E.K.), Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, Institute of Pharmacy (Ram.S., K.M.), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; UCB Pharma, CNS Research, Braine l'Alleud, Belgium (C.V., M.G.)
| | - Michel Gillard
- Molecular, Cellular and Pharmacobiology Section, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology (K.S., N.M., Ral.S., S.H., P.P., N.-K.S, L.P., J.G., E.K.), Research Training Group 1873 (K.S., E.K.), Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, Institute of Pharmacy (Ram.S., K.M.), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; UCB Pharma, CNS Research, Braine l'Alleud, Belgium (C.V., M.G.)
| | - Klaus Mohr
- Molecular, Cellular and Pharmacobiology Section, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology (K.S., N.M., Ral.S., S.H., P.P., N.-K.S, L.P., J.G., E.K.), Research Training Group 1873 (K.S., E.K.), Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, Institute of Pharmacy (Ram.S., K.M.), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; UCB Pharma, CNS Research, Braine l'Alleud, Belgium (C.V., M.G.)
| | - Jesus Gomeza
- Molecular, Cellular and Pharmacobiology Section, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology (K.S., N.M., Ral.S., S.H., P.P., N.-K.S, L.P., J.G., E.K.), Research Training Group 1873 (K.S., E.K.), Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, Institute of Pharmacy (Ram.S., K.M.), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; UCB Pharma, CNS Research, Braine l'Alleud, Belgium (C.V., M.G.)
| | - Evi Kostenis
- Molecular, Cellular and Pharmacobiology Section, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology (K.S., N.M., Ral.S., S.H., P.P., N.-K.S, L.P., J.G., E.K.), Research Training Group 1873 (K.S., E.K.), Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, Institute of Pharmacy (Ram.S., K.M.), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; UCB Pharma, CNS Research, Braine l'Alleud, Belgium (C.V., M.G.).
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