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Huang D, Chen L, Wang Y, Wang Z, Wang J, Wang X. Characterization of a secondary hydroxy-acyltransferase for lipid A in Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Microbiol Res 2024; 283:127712. [PMID: 38593580 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Lipid A plays a crucial role in Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Previously we have reported the diversity of secondary acylation of lipid A in V. parahaemolyticus and four V. parahaemolyticus genes VP_RS08405, VP_RS01045, VP_RS12170, and VP_RS00880 exhibiting homology to the secondary acyltransferases in Escherichia coli. In this study, the gene VP_RS12170 was identified as a specific lipid A secondary hydroxy-acyltransferase responsible for transferring a 3-hydroxymyristate to the 2'-position of lipid A. Four E. coli mutant strains WHL00, WHM00, WH300, and WH001 were constructed, and they would synthesize lipid A with different structures due to the absence of genes encoding lipid A secondary acyltransferases or Kdo transferase. Then V. parahaemolyticus VP_RS12170 was overexpressed in W3110, WHL00, WHM00, WH300, and WH001, and lipid A was isolated from these strains and analyzed by using thin-layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The detailed structural changes of lipid A in these mutant strains with and without VP_RS12170 overexpression were compared and conclude that VP_RS12170 can specifically transfer a 3-hydroxymyristate to the 2'-position of lipid A. This study also demonstrated that the function of VP_RS12170 is Kdo-dependent and its favorite substrate is Kdo-lipid IVA. These findings give us better understanding the biosynthetic pathway and the structural diversity of V. parahaemolyticus lipid A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyang Huang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Lingyan Chen
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jianli Wang
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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Shi J, Cheng J, Liu S, Zhu Y, Zhu M. Acinetobacter baumannii: an evolving and cunning opponent. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1332108. [PMID: 38318341 PMCID: PMC10838990 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1332108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the most common multidrug-resistant pathogens causing nosocomial infections. The prevalence of multidrug-resistant A. baumannii infections is increasing because of several factors, including unregulated antibiotic use. A. baumannii drug resistance rate is high; in particular, its resistance rates for tigecycline and polymyxin-the drugs of last resort for extensively drug-resistant A. baumannii-has been increasing annually. Patients with a severe infection of extensively antibiotic-resistant A. baumannii demonstrate a high mortality rate along with a poor prognosis, which makes treating them challenging. Through carbapenem enzyme production and other relevant mechanisms, A. baumannii has rapidly acquired a strong resistance to carbapenem antibiotics-once considered a class of strong antibacterials for A. baumannii infection treatment. Therefore, understanding the resistance mechanism of A. baumannii is particularly crucial. This review summarizes mechanisms underlying common antimicrobial resistance in A. baumannii, particularly those underlying tigecycline and polymyxin resistance. This review will serve as a reference for reasonable antibiotic use at clinics, as well as new antibiotic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingchao Shi
- Open Laboratory Medicine, Hangzhou Xixi Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
- Graduate School, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianghao Cheng
- Open Laboratory Medicine, Hangzhou Xixi Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shourong Liu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Hangzhou Xixi Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yufeng Zhu
- Open Laboratory Medicine, Hangzhou Xixi Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mingli Zhu
- Open Laboratory Medicine, Hangzhou Xixi Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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3
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Yao Y, Chen Q, Zhou H. Virulence Factors and Pathogenicity Mechanisms of Acinetobacter baumannii in Respiratory Infectious Diseases. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1749. [PMID: 38136783 PMCID: PMC10740465 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12121749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) has become a notorious pathogen causing nosocomial and community-acquired infections, especially ventilator-associated pneumonia. This opportunistic pathogen is found to possess powerful genomic plasticity and numerous virulence factors that facilitate its success in the infectious process. Although the interactions between A. baumannii and the pulmonary epitheliums have been extensively studied, a complete and specific description of its overall pathogenic process is lacking. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of the antibiotic resistance and virulence factors of A. baumannii, specifically focusing on the pathogenic mechanisms of this detrimental pathogen in respiratory infectious diseases. An expansion of the knowledge regarding A. baumannii pathogenesis will contribute to the development of effective therapies based on immunopathology or intracellular signaling pathways to eliminate this harmful pathogen during infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hua Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; (Y.Y.); (Q.C.)
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Liu X, Chang Y, Xu Q, Zhang W, Huang Z, Zhang L, Weng S, Leptihn S, Jiang Y, Yu Y, Hua X. Mutation in the two-component regulator BaeSR mediates cefiderocol resistance and enhances virulence in Acinetobacter baumannii. mSystems 2023; 8:e0129122. [PMID: 37345941 PMCID: PMC10469669 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.01291-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii has become one of the most challenging pathogens in many countries with limited treatment options available. Cefiderocol, a novel siderophore-conjugated cephalosporin, shows potent in vitro activity against A. baumannii, including isolates resistant to carbapenems. To date, few reports on the mechanisms of cefiderocol resistance are available. In order to investigate potential mechanisms of cefiderocol resistance in A. baumannii, we performed in vitro evolution experiments at sub-lethal concentrations of the antibiotic. All four cefiderocol-resistant strains obtained harbored mutations in two-component system BaeS-BaeR. When we engineered the mutations of BaeS (D89V) and BaeR (S104N) into the genome of ATCC 17978, these mutations increased cefiderocol minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) by 8-fold to 16-fold. Transcriptome analyses showed that the expression of MacAB-TolC and MFS transporters was up-regulated in BaeSR mutants. Strains over-expressing MFS transporter and MacAB-TolC displayed higher MICs and higher median inhibition concentration (IC50) values, while MICs and IC50 decreased when efflux pump genes were knocked out. In a BaeR mutant with up-regulated csu operon, we observed a higher number of pili, enhanced surface motility, and increased biofilm formation compared to wild-type ATCC 17978. Using the Galleria mellonella infection model, we found that the BaeS mutant in which paa operon was up-regulated exhibited increased virulence. In conclusion, the mutations in BaeSR decreased cefiderocol susceptibility of A. baumannii through up-regulating efflux pumps gene expression. BaeS or BaeR also controls the expression of csu and paa, influencing biofilm formation, surface motility, and virulence in A. baumannii. IMPORTANCE The widespread prevalence of multi-drug-resistant A. baumannii (MDRAB) poses a significant therapeutic challenge. Cefiderocol is considered a promising antibiotic for the treatment of MDRAB infections. Therefore, it is necessary to study the potential resistance mechanisms of cefiderocol to delay the development of bacterial resistance. Here, we demonstrated that mutations in baeS and baeR reduced the susceptibility of A. baumannii to cefiderocol by up-regulating the expression of the MFS family efflux pump and MacAB-TolC efflux pump. We propose that BaeS mutants increase bacterial virulence by up-regulating the expression of the paa operon. This also reports the regulatory effect of BaeSR on csu operon for the first time. This study provides further insights into the role of BaeSR in developing cefiderocol resistance and virulence in A. baumannii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yunjie Chang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Center of Cryo Electron Microscopy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Biophysics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qingye Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wang Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhen Huang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Linyue Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shanshan Weng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sebastian Leptihn
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University, Haining, Zhejiang, China
- University of Edinburgh Medical School, Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Yan Jiang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yunsong Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoting Hua
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Yang Y, Liu X, Zhou D, He J, Chen Q, Xu Q, Wu S, Zhang W, Yao Y, Fu Y, Hua X, Yu Y, Wang X. Alteration of adeS Contributes to Tigecycline Resistance and Collateral Sensitivity to Sulbactam in Acinetobacter baumannii. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0459422. [PMID: 37184390 PMCID: PMC10269438 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04594-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) A. baumannii has emerged as a major problem. Tigecycline (TGC) and sulbactam (SUL) are both effective antibiotics against XDR A. baumannii. Here, we investigated the in-host evolution and mechanism of collateral sensitivity (CS) phenomenon in development of tigecycline resistance accompanied by a concomitant increase of sulbactam susceptibility. A total of four XDR A. baumannii strains were sequentially isolated from the same patient suffering from bacteremia. Core-genome multilocus sequence typing separated all the strains into two clusters. Comparative analysis of isolate pair 1 revealed that multiplication of blaOXA-23 within Tn2006 on the chromosome contributed to the change in the antimicrobial susceptibility phenotype of isolate pair 1. Additionally, we observed the emergence of CS to sulbactam in isolate pair 2, as demonstrated by an 8-fold increase in the TGC MIC with a simultaneous 4-fold decrease in the SUL MIC. Compared to the parental strain Ab-3557, YZM-0406 showed partial deletion in the two-component system sensor adeS. Reconstruction of the adeS mutant in Ab-3557 in situ suggested that TGC resistance and CS to SUL were mainly caused by the mutation of adeS. Overall, our study reported a novel CS combination of TGC and SUL in A. baumannii and further revealed a mechanism of CS attributed to the mutation of adeS. This study provides a valuable foundation for developing effective regimens and sequential combinations of tigecycline and sulbactam against XDR A. baumannii. IMPORTANCE Collateral sensitivity (CS) has become an increasingly common evolutionary trade-off during adaptive bacterial evolution. Here, we report a novel combination of tigecycline (TGC) resistance and CS to sulbactam (SUL) in A. baumannii. TGC and SUL are both effective antibiotics against XDR A. baumannii, and it is essential to reveal the mechanism of CS between TGC and SUL. In our study, the partial deletion of adeS, a two-component system sensor, was confirmed to be the key factor contributing to this CS phenomenon. This study provides a valuable foundation for developing effective regimens and sequential combinations of tigecycline and sulbactam against XDR A. baumannii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxing Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaochen Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Institute of Microbiology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Danyan Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangshan First People’s Hospital Medical and Health Group, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jintao He
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Institute of Microbiology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiong Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingye Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shenghai Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiying Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yue Yao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Institute of Microbiology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Fu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Institute of Microbiology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoting Hua
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Institute of Microbiology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yunsong Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Institute of Microbiology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xianjun Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Sun C, Yu Y, Hua X. Resistance mechanisms of tigecycline in Acinetobacter baumannii. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1141490. [PMID: 37228666 PMCID: PMC10203620 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1141490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is widely distributed in nature and in hospital settings and is a common pathogen causing various infectious diseases. Currently, the drug resistance rate of A. baumannii has been persistently high, showing a worryingly high resistance rate to various antibiotics commonly used in clinical practice, which greatly limits antibiotic treatment options. Tigecycline and polymyxins show rapid and effective bactericidal activity against CRAB, and they are both widely considered to be the last clinical line of defense against multidrug resistant A. baumannii. This review focuses with interest on the mechanisms of tigecycline resistance in A. baumannii. With the explosive increase in the incidence of tigecycline-resistant A. baumannii, controlling and treating such resistance events has been considered a global challenge. Accordingly, there is a need to systematically investigate the mechanisms of tigecycline resistance in A. baumannii. Currently, the resistance mechanism of A. baumannii to tigecycline is complex and not completely clear. This article reviews the proposed resistance mechanisms of A. baumannii to tigecycline, with a view to providing references for the rational clinical application of tigecycline and the development of new candidate antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunli Sun
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh (ZJU-UoE) Institute, Zhejiang University, Haining, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yunsong Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoting Hua
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh (ZJU-UoE) Institute, Zhejiang University, Haining, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Structural Basis of PER-1-Mediated Cefiderocol Resistance and Synergistic Inhibition of PER-1 by Cefiderocol in Combination with Avibactam or Durlobactam in Acinetobacter baumannii. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2022; 66:e0082822. [PMID: 36377939 PMCID: PMC9765288 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00828-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cefiderocol is a novel siderophore cephalosporin that displays activity against Gram-negative bacteria. To establish cefiderocol susceptibility levels of Acinetobacter baumannii strains from China, we performed susceptibility testing and genomic analyses on 131 clinical isolates. Cefiderocol shows high activity against the strains. The production of PER-1 is the key mechanism of cefiderocol resistance. In silico studies predicted that avibactam and durlobactam could inhibit cefiderocol hydrolysis by PER-1, which was confirmed by determining cefiderocol MICs in combination with inhibitors.
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Ramamurthy T, Ghosh A, Chowdhury G, Mukhopadhyay AK, Dutta S, Miyoshi SI. Deciphering the genetic network and programmed regulation of antimicrobial resistance in bacterial pathogens. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:952491. [PMID: 36506027 PMCID: PMC9727169 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.952491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in bacteria is an important global health problem affecting humans, animals, and the environment. AMR is considered as one of the major components in the "global one health". Misuse/overuse of antibiotics in any one of the segments can impact the integrity of the others. In the presence of antibiotic selective pressure, bacteria tend to develop several defense mechanisms, which include structural changes of the bacterial outer membrane, enzymatic processes, gene upregulation, mutations, adaptive resistance, and biofilm formation. Several components of mobile genetic elements (MGEs) play an important role in the dissemination of AMR. Each one of these components has a specific function that lasts long, irrespective of any antibiotic pressure. Integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs), insertion sequence elements (ISs), and transposons carry the antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) on different genetic backbones. Successful transfer of ARGs depends on the class of plasmids, regulons, ISs proximity, and type of recombination systems. Additionally, phage-bacterial networks play a major role in the transmission of ARGs, especially in bacteria from the environment and foods of animal origin. Several other functional attributes of bacteria also get successfully modified to acquire ARGs. These include efflux pumps, toxin-antitoxin systems, regulatory small RNAs, guanosine pentaphosphate signaling, quorum sensing, two-component system, and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) systems. The metabolic and virulence state of bacteria is also associated with a range of genetic and phenotypic resistance mechanisms. In spite of the availability of a considerable information on AMR, the network associations between selection pressures and several of the components mentioned above are poorly understood. Understanding how a pathogen resists and regulates the ARGs in response to antimicrobials can help in controlling the development of resistance. Here, we provide an overview of the importance of genetic network and regulation of AMR in bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thandavarayan Ramamurthy
- Division of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India,*Correspondence: Thandavarayan Ramamurthy,
| | - Amit Ghosh
- Division of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
| | - Goutam Chowdhury
- Division of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
| | - Asish K. Mukhopadhyay
- Division of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
| | - Shanta Dutta
- Division of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
| | - Shin-inchi Miyoshi
- Collaborative Research Centre of Okayama University for Infectious Diseases at ICMR- National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India,Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
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9
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Soontarach R, Nwabor OF, Voravuthikunchai SP. Interaction of lytic phage T1245 with antibiotics for enhancement of antibacterial and anti-biofilm efficacy against multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. BIOFOULING 2022; 38:994-1005. [PMID: 36606321 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2022.2163479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Biofilms associated with multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii on medical devices remain a big clinical problem. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed with eight commonly employed antibiotics against clinical isolates. The effects of antibiotics in combination with well-characterized lytic phage T1245 were studied to assess their antibacterial and anti-biofilm efficacy. Ceftazidime, colistin, imipenem, and meropenem significantly reduced bacterial density up to approximately 80% when combined with phage T1245, compared with control. Phage T1245 in combination with ceftazidime, colistin, and meropenem at subinhibitory concentrations demonstrated significant reduction in biomass and bacterial viability of 3-day established biofilms, compared with antibiotic alone. In addition, electron microscopy further confirmed the disruption of biofilm structure and cell morphology upon treatment with phage T1245 and antibiotics, including ceftazidime, colistin, and meropenem. Combined treatment of phage T1245 with these antibiotics could be employed for the management of A. baumannii infections and eradication of the bacterial biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosesathorn Soontarach
- Division of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
- Natural Product Research Center of Excellence, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
- Center of Antimicrobial Biomaterial Innovation-Southeast Asia, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Ozioma Forstinus Nwabor
- Natural Product Research Center of Excellence, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Supayang Piyawan Voravuthikunchai
- Division of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
- Natural Product Research Center of Excellence, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
- Center of Antimicrobial Biomaterial Innovation-Southeast Asia, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
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10
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Zhang W, Yao Y, Zhou H, He J, Wang J, Li L, Gao M, Liu X, Shi Y, Lin J, Liu J, Chen H, Feng Y, Zhou Z, Yu Y, Hua X. Interactions between host epithelial cells and Acinetobacter baumannii promote the emergence of highly antibiotic resistant and highly mucoid strains. Emerg Microbes Infect 2022; 11:2556-2569. [PMID: 36227610 PMCID: PMC9621264 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2022.2136534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is an important nosocomial pathogen. Upon colonizing a host, A. baumannii are subjected to selective pressure by immune defenses as they adapt to the host environment. However, the mechanism of this pathoadaptation is unknown. Here, we established an in vitro system to evolve A. baumannii driven by the continuous selective pressure exerted by epithelial cells, and we used a combination of experimental evolution, phenotypic characterization and multi-omics analysis to address the underlying mechanism. When continuously exposed to selective pressure by pulmonary epithelial cells, A. baumannii showed ptk mutation-mediated mucoid conversion (reduced adhesion and increased anti-phagocytic ability) by enhancement of capsular exopolysaccharide chain length; rsmG mutation-mediated deficiency of 7-methylguanosine modification in the 524th nucleotide of 16S rRNA, which increased ribosome translation efficiency; and rnaseI mutation-mediated changes in outer membrane permeability and efflux pump expression. Together, these mutations altered susceptibility to a variety of antimicrobial agents, including the novel antibiotic cefiderocol, by regulating siderophore and siderophore-receptor biosynthesis. In conclusion, pulmonary epithelial cells modulate A. baumannii pathoadaptation, implicating the host–microbe interaction in the survival and persistence of A. baumannii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yue Yao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hua Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jintao He
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingfen Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Minsong Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaochen Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ya Shi
- Hangzhou Digital-Micro Biotech Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinzhong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianzhao Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Hangzhou Digital-Micro Biotech Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Feng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Biophysics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhihui Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunsong Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoting Hua
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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11
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Description of a Rare Pyomelanin-Producing Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Strain Coharboring Chromosomal OXA-23 and NDM-1. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0214422. [PMID: 35946816 PMCID: PMC9431530 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02144-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB), which belonged to global clones 1 (GC1) or 2 (GC2), has been widely reported and become a global threat. However, non-GC1 and non-GC2 CRAB strains are not well-studied, especially for those with rare phenotype. Here, one pyomelanin-producing CRAB strain (A. baumannii DETAB-R21) was isolated from oral swab in the ICU. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed it was resistant to carbapenems, ceftazidime, levofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin. DETAB-R21 was ST164Pas and ST1418Oxf with KL47 and OCL5, respectively. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) analysis revealed chromosome contained three copies of blaOXA-23 on three 4,805-bp Tn2006 composite transposons with various novel 9-bp target site duplications (TSD). A Tn125-like structure, including blaNDM-1, a novel 4,343 bp composite transposon encoding blaCARB-16, and three prophage regions were also identified. Importantly, hmgA was interrupted by a Tn2006 and contributed to pyomelanin production and further confirmed by hmgA overexpression. Furthermore, A. baumannii irradiated with UV light, DETAB-R21 showed a higher relatively survival rate compared to a control strain that did not produce pyomelanin. No effects of pyomelanin were observed on disinfectants susceptibility, growth, or virulence. In conclusion, pyomelanin-producing CRAB carrying the blaNDM-1 and blaOXA-23 genes embedded in the bacterial chromosome is of grave concern for health care settings, highlighting the need for effective measures to prevent further dissemination. IMPORTANCE Pyomelanin production is a quite rare phenotype in A. baumannii. Moreover, the mechanisms leading to the pyomelanin production was still unclear. Here, we for the first time, confirmed the mechanism of pyomelanin production, and further investigated the impact of pyomelanin on disinfectants susceptibility, growth, virulence, and UV irradiation. More importantly, many mobile genetic elements (MGEs), including three copies of Tn2006 composite transposons, one copy of blaNDM-1 on the Tn125-like structure and three prophage regions, were identified in the chromosome, demonstrated strong plasticity of A. baumannii genome. Our study provides important insights into the new rare ST164Pas A. baumannii strain with high level carbapenem resistance, which is of great threat for patients. These findings will provide important insights into the resistance gene transfer via transposition events and further spread in the clinic.
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12
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Sato Y, Hatayama N, Ubagai T, Tansho-Nagakawa S, Ono Y, Yoshino Y. Tigecycline Suppresses the Virulence Factors of Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Allowing Human Neutrophils to Act. Infect Drug Resist 2022; 15:3357-3368. [PMID: 35789794 PMCID: PMC9250330 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s368890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To determine the ability of human neutrophils to kill multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MDRAB) in the presence of tigecycline (TGC). Methods Clinical isolates of MDRAB were cultured with human neutrophils and H2O2 in the presence of TGC. The numbers of viable bacteria, catalase activity, gene expression at the K locus of the MDRAB, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and granule exocytosis in human neutrophils were determined. Results There was a time-dependent increase in the numbers of MDRAB after co-culturing with human neutrophils, whereas there was a significant decrease in the MDRAB numbers when co-cultured with both, human neutrophils and TGC for 6 h. The presence or absence of TGC did not affect total ROS production or the expression of CD11b, CD15, and CD63 on human neutrophils occurred when co-cultured with MDRAB. TGC significantly suppressed catalase activity and gene expression at the K locus of MDRAB, and significantly reduced the thickness of the capsule. Additionally, the bacterial viability of TGC-treated MDRAB cultured with H2O2 was lower than that without H2O2 after 6 h of culture. Conclusion TGC significantly suppressed the expression of catalase and the capsule in MDRAB without adverse effects on neutrophil function, allowing human neutrophils to kill MDRAB. TGC is an effective antibiotic for treating MDRAB infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Sato
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
| | - Nami Hatayama
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
| | - Tsuneyuki Ubagai
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
| | - Shigeru Tansho-Nagakawa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
| | - Yasuo Ono
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan.,Teikyo Heisei University, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, Toshima-ku, Tokyo, 170-8445, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yoshino
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
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13
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He J, Du X, Zeng X, Moran RA, van Schaik W, Zou Q, Yu Y, Zhang J, Hua X. Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of a Hypervirulent Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae ST17-KL38 Clinical Isolate Harboring the Carbapenemase IMP-4. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0213421. [PMID: 35225687 PMCID: PMC9045192 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02134-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbapenem-resistant hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (CR-hvKP) is a threat to global public health. We characterized a sequence type 17 (ST17) K. pneumoniae clinical isolate that was resistant to carbapenems and belonged to serotype KL38/O2. Its complete genome is comprised of a 5.1-Mb chromosome and two conjugative plasmids. The 52,578-bp N-type plasmid pXH210-IMP contains the blaIMP-4 carbapenemase gene and the quinolone resistance gene qnrS1. The 272,742-bp FII(K)-9:FIB(K)-10 plasmid pXH210-AMV carries an array of genes that confer resistance to aminoglycosides, chloramphenicol, quinolones, tetracycline, sulfonamides, trimethoprim, arsenic, copper, and silver. However, the XH210 genome otherwise lacks the genes that are considered characteristic markers of hypervirulence in K. pneumoniae. The virulence potential of XH210 was assessed using a random forest algorithm predictive model, as well as Galleria mellonella and mouse infection models. The results of these were concordant and suggested that XH210 is hypervirulent and therefore a CR-hvKP strain. This worrying convergence of virulence and clinically significant antibiotic resistance is particularly concerning given the absence of typical hypervirulence markers. Further investigations are required to understand the virulence mechanisms of XH210 and to improve the diagnostics of hypervirulent K. pneumoniae. IMPORTANCE The combination of drug resistance and hypervirulence significantly limits the available treatment options for life-threatening infections caused by multidrug-resistant hvKP, especially CR-hvKP. To date, research on IMP-producing CR-hvKP is extremely scarce, and the virulence mechanisms of CR-hvKP are far more complicated and diverse than has been described in the literature so far. In this study, we characterized the tigecycline-resistant and IMP-4 carbapenemase-producing ST17 K. pneumoniae isolate XH210 from a human blood sample. Importantly, XH210 exhibits hypervirulence but does not possess traits that are frequently associated with the phenotype, highlighting the urgent need to improve identification of potentially hypervirulent isolates and enhance active surveillance of CR-hvKP strains to prevent their dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jintao He
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoxing Du
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xi Zeng
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacy, The 78th Group Army Hospital of Chinese PLA, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Robert A. Moran
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Willem van Schaik
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Quanming Zou
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunsong Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinyong Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoting Hua
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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14
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Tao Y, Duma L, Rossez Y. Galleria mellonella as a Good Model to Study Acinetobacter baumannii Pathogenesis. Pathogens 2021; 10:1483. [PMID: 34832638 PMCID: PMC8623143 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10111483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The invertebrate model, Galleria mellonella, has been widely used to study host-pathogen interactions due to its cheapness, ease of handling, and similar mammalian innate immune system. G. mellonella larvae have been proven to be useful and a reliable model for analyzing pathogenesis mechanisms of multidrug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, an opportunistic pathogen difficult to kill. This review describes the detailed experimental design of G. mellonella/A. baumannii models, and provides a comprehensive comparison of various virulence factors and therapy strategies using the G. mellonella host. These investigations highlight the importance of this host-pathogen model for in vivo pathogen virulence studies. On the long term, further development of the G. mellonella/A. baumannii model will offer promising insights for clinical treatments of A. baumannii infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Tao
- Université de Technologie de Compiègne, UPJV, UMR CNRS 7025, Enzyme and Cell Engineering, Centre de Recherche Royallieu–CS 60 319 , 60203 Compiègne, France; (Y.T.); (L.D.)
| | - Luminita Duma
- Université de Technologie de Compiègne, UPJV, UMR CNRS 7025, Enzyme and Cell Engineering, Centre de Recherche Royallieu–CS 60 319 , 60203 Compiègne, France; (Y.T.); (L.D.)
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, CNRS, ICMR UMR 7312, 51097 Reims, France
| | - Yannick Rossez
- Université Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000 Lille, France
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15
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Wang X, Loh B, Altamirano FG, Yu Y, Hua X, Leptihn S. Colistin- phage combinations decrease antibiotic resistance in A. baumannii via changes in envelope architecture. Emerg Microbes Infect 2021; 10:2205-2219. [PMID: 34736365 PMCID: PMC8648044 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2021.2002671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant bacterial infections are becoming increasingly common, with only few last-resort antibiotics such as colistin available for clinical therapy. An alternative therapeutic strategy gaining momentum is phage therapy, which has the advantage of not being affected by bacterial resistance to antibiotics. However, a major challenge in phage therapy is the rapid emergence of phage-resistant bacteria. In this work, our main aim was to understand the mechanisms of phage-resistance used by the top priority pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii. We isolated the novel phage Phab24, capable of infecting colistin-sensitive and -resistant strains of A. baumannii. After co-incubating Phab24 with its hosts, we obtained phage-resistant mutants which were characterized on both genotypic and phenotypic levels. Using whole genome sequencing, we identified phage-resistant strains that displayed mutations in genes that alter the architecture of the bacterial envelope at two levels: the capsule and the outer membrane. Using an adsorption assay, we confirmed that phage Phab24 uses the bacterial capsule as its primary receptor, with the outer membrane possibly serving as the secondary receptor. Interestingly, the phage-resistant isolates were less virulent compared to the parental strains in a Galleria mellonella infection model. Most importantly, we observed that phage-resistant bacteria that evolved in the absence of antibiotics exhibited an increased sensitivity to colistin, even though the antibiotic resistance mechanism per se remained unaltered. This increase in antibiotic sensitivity is a direct consequence of the phage-resistance mechanism, and could potentially be exploited in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Wang
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh (ZJU-UoE) Institute, Zhejiang University, Haining, China.,Medical school, Lishui University, Lishui, China
| | | | - Fernando Gordillo Altamirano
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Centre to Impact AMR, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yunsong Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China .,Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoting Hua
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China .,Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sebastian Leptihn
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh (ZJU-UoE) Institute, Zhejiang University, Haining, China.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China .,University of Edinburgh Medical School, Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine & Veterinary Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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16
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Hua X, He J, Wang J, Zhang L, Zhang L, Xu Q, Shi K, Leptihn S, Shi Y, Fu X, Zhu P, Higgins PG, Yu Y. Novel tigecycline resistance mechanisms in Acinetobacter baumannii mediated by mutations in adeS, rpoB and rrf. Emerg Microbes Infect 2021; 10:1404-1417. [PMID: 34170209 PMCID: PMC8274536 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2021.1948804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is an important pathogen in hospital acquired infections. Although tigecycline currently remains a potent antibiotic for treating infections caused by multidrug resistant A. baumannii (MDRAB) strains, reports of tigecycline resistant isolates have substantially increased. The resistance mechanisms to tigecycline in A. baumannii are far more complicated and diverse than what has been described in the literature so far. Here, we characterize in vitro-selected MDRAB strains obtained by increasing concentrations of tigecycline. We have identified mutations in adeS, rrf and rpoB that result in reduced susceptibility to tigecycline. Using in situ complementation experiments, we confirm that mutations in rrf, rpoB, and two types of mutations in adeS correlate with tigecycline resistance. By Western blot and polysome profile analysis, we demonstrate that the rrf mutation results in decreased expression of RRF, which affects the process of ribosome recycling ultimately leading to increased tigecycline tolerance. A transcriptional analysis shows that the mutated rpoB gene plays a role in regulating the expression of the SAM-dependent methyltransferase (trm) and transcriptional regulators, to confer moderate tigecycline resistance. This study provides direct in vitro evidence that mutations in the adeS, rpoB and rrf are associated with tigecycline resistance in A. baumannii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Hua
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jintao He
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingfen Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Linghong Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Linyue Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingye Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Keren Shi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Sebastian Leptihn
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University, Haining, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Shi
- Department of Pathology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoting Fu
- Single-Cell Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels and Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Institute of BioEnergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, People's Republic of China.,Single-cell Center, Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Zhu
- Single-Cell Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels and Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Institute of BioEnergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, People's Republic of China.,Single-cell Center, Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Paul G Higgins
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research, Partner site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Yunsong Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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17
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Lucaßen K, Müller C, Wille J, Xanthopoulou K, Hackel M, Seifert H, Higgins PG. Prevalence of RND efflux pump regulator variants associated with tigecycline resistance in carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii from a worldwide survey. J Antimicrob Chemother 2021; 76:1724-1730. [PMID: 33760099 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkab079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the most common tigecycline resistance mechanisms in carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates obtained during the global Tigecycline Evaluation Surveillance Trial (TEST). METHODS Tigecycline MICs were determined by broth microdilution. WGS was used to screen for the previously identified tigecycline resistance mechanisms, as well as mutations in resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND)-type efflux pump regulators. RESULTS From a total 313 isolates, 113 genetically unique tigecycline-resistant isolates were analysed. The most frequent and worldwide distributed mechanism associated with tigecycline resistance was disruption of adeN, which encodes the repressor of the RND efflux pump AdeIJK, either by IS elements or nucleotide deletions causing premature stop codons. However, mutations leading to amino acid substitutions and disruption by IS elements within the two-component regulatory system adeRS, which regulates expression of the AdeABC efflux pump, correlate with higher tigecycline MICs, but these were found less frequently and were mainly restricted to Southern European countries. Furthermore, an altered version of tviB was identified in several tigecycline-resistant isolates that did not have putative resistance mutations within RND-type regulators. The resistance determinants tet(A) and tet(X), as well as resistance mutations in putative resistance determinants trm, plsC, rrf, msbA and genes encoding 30S ribosomal proteins, were not identified in any isolate. CONCLUSIONS The most prevalent tigecycline resistance mechanisms were caused by alterations in the regulators of RND-type efflux pumps. These data provide the basis for further characterization of regulator alterations and their contribution to increased efflux and tigecycline resistance, and also should be taken into account in drug discovery programmes to overcome the contribution of efflux pumps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Lucaßen
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University of Cologne, Goldenfelsstrasse 19-21, 50935 Cologne, Germany
| | - Carina Müller
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University of Cologne, Goldenfelsstrasse 19-21, 50935 Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Julia Wille
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University of Cologne, Goldenfelsstrasse 19-21, 50935 Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Kyriaki Xanthopoulou
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University of Cologne, Goldenfelsstrasse 19-21, 50935 Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Meredith Hackel
- International Health Management Associates, 2122 Palmer Drive, Schaumburg, IL 60173, USA
| | - Harald Seifert
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University of Cologne, Goldenfelsstrasse 19-21, 50935 Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Paul G Higgins
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University of Cologne, Goldenfelsstrasse 19-21, 50935 Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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18
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Recent chemical syntheses of bacteria related oligosaccharides using modern expeditious approaches. Carbohydr Res 2021; 507:108295. [PMID: 34271477 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2021.108295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Apart from some essential and crucial roles in life processes carbohydrates also are involved in a few detrimental courses of action related to human health, like infections by pathogenic microbes, cancer metastasis, transplanted tissue rejection, etc. Regarding management of pathogenesis by microbes, keeping in mind of multi drug-resistant bacteria and epidemic or endemic incidents, preventive measure by vaccination is the best pathway as also recommended by the WHO; by vaccination, eradication of bacterial diseases is also possible. Although some valid vaccines based on attenuated bacterial cells or isolated pure polysaccharide-antigens or the corresponding conjugates thereof are available in the market for prevention of several bacterial diseases, but these are not devoid of some disadvantages also. In order to develop improved conjugate T-cell dependent vaccines oligosaccharides related to bacterial antigens are synthesized and converted to the corresponding carrier protein conjugates. Marketed Cuban Quimi-Hib is such a vaccine being used since 2004 to resist Haemophilus influenza b infections. During nearly the past two decades research is going on worldwide for improved synthesis of bacteria related oligosaccharides or polysaccharides towards development of such semisynthetic or synthetic glycoconjugate vaccines. The present dissertation is an endeavour to encompass the recent syntheses of several pathogenic bacterial oligosaccharides or polysaccharides, made during the past ten-eleven years with special reference to modern expeditious syntheses.
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19
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Sykes EME, Deo S, Kumar A. Recent Advances in Genetic Tools for Acinetobacter baumannii. Front Genet 2020; 11:601380. [PMID: 33414809 PMCID: PMC7783400 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.601380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is classified as a top priority pathogen by the World Health Organization (WHO) because of its widespread resistance to all classes of antibiotics. This makes the need for understanding the mechanisms of resistance and virulence critical. Therefore, tools that allow genetic manipulations are vital to unravel the mechanisms of multidrug resistance (MDR) and virulence in A. baumannii. A host of current strategies are available for genetic manipulations of A. baumannii laboratory-strains, including ATCC® 17978TM and ATCC® 19606T, but depending on susceptibility profiles, these strategies may not be sufficient when targeting strains newly obtained from clinic, primarily due to the latter's high resistance to antibiotics that are commonly used for selection during genetic manipulations. This review highlights the most recent methods for genetic manipulation of A. baumannii including CRISPR based approaches, transposon mutagenesis, homologous recombination strategies, reporter systems and complementation techniques with the spotlight on those that can be applied to MDR clinical isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen M E Sykes
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Soumya Deo
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Ayush Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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20
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Zhou H, Zhang L, Xu Q, Zhang L, Yu Y, Hua X. The mismatch repair system (mutS and mutL) in Acinetobacter baylyi ADP1. BMC Microbiol 2020; 20:40. [PMID: 32111158 PMCID: PMC7048072 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-020-01729-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Acinetobacter baylyi ADP1 is an ideal bacterial strain for high-throughput genetic analysis as the bacterium is naturally transformable. Thus, ADP1 can be used to investigate DNA mismatch repair, a mechanism for repairing mismatched bases. We used the mutS deletion mutant (XH439) and mutL deletion mutant (XH440), and constructed a mutS mutL double deletion mutant (XH441) to investigate the role of the mismatch repair system in A. baylyi. Results We determined the survival rates after UV irradiation and measured the mutation frequencies, rates and spectra of wild-type ADP1 and mutSL mutant via rifampin resistance assay (RifR assay) and experimental evolution. In addition, transformation efficiencies of genomic DNA in ADP1 and its three mutants were determined. Lastly, the relative growth rates of the wild type strain, three constructed deletion mutants, as well as the rifampin resistant mutants obtained from RifR assays, were measured. All three mutants had higher survival rates after UV irradiation than wild type, especially the double deletion mutant. Three mutants showed higher mutation frequencies than ADP1 and favored transition mutations in RifR assay. All three mutants showed increased mutation rates in the experimental evolution. However, only XH439 and XH441 had higher mutation rates than the wild type strain in RifR assay. XH441 showed higher transformation efficiency than XH438 when donor DNA harbored transition mutations. All three mutants showed higher growth rates than wild-type, and these four strains displayed higher growth rates than almost all their rpoB mutants. The growth rate results showed different amino acid mutations in rpoB resulted in different extents of reduction in the fitness of rifampin resistant mutants. However, the fitness cost brought by the same mutation did not vary with strain background. Conclusions We demonstrated that inactivation of both mutS and mutL increased the mutation rates and frequencies in A. baylyi, which would contribute to the evolution and acquirement of rifampicin resistance. The mutS deletion is also implicated in increased mutation rates and frequencies, suggesting that MutL may be activated even in the absence of mutS. The correlation between fitness cost and rifampin resistance mutations in A. baylyi is firstly established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linyue Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingye Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linghong Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunsong Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. .,Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Xiaoting Hua
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. .,Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
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21
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Crépin S, Ottosen EN, Chandler CE, Sintsova A, Ernst RK, Mobley HLT. The UDP-GalNAcA biosynthesis genes gna-gne2 are required to maintain cell envelope integrity and in vivo fitness in multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Mol Microbiol 2019; 113:153-172. [PMID: 31680352 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.14407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii infects a wide range of anatomic sites including the respiratory tract and bloodstream. Despite its clinical importance, little is known about the molecular basis of A. baumannii pathogenesis. We previously identified the UDP-N-acetyl-d-galactosaminuronic acid (UDP-GalNAcA) biosynthesis genes, gna-gne2, as being critical for survival in vivo. Herein, we demonstrate that Gna-Gne2 are part of a complex network connecting in vivo fitness, cell envelope homeostasis and resistance to antibiotics. The ∆gna-gne2 mutant exhibits a severe fitness defect during bloodstream infection. Capsule production is abolished in the mutant strain, which is concomitant with its inability to survive in human serum. In addition, the ∆gna-gne2 mutant was more susceptible to vancomycin and unable to grow on MacConkey plates, indicating an alteration in cell envelope integrity. Analysis of lipid A by mass spectrometry showed that the hexa- and hepta-acylated species were affected in the gna-gne2 mutant. Finally, the ∆gna-gne2 mutant was more susceptible to several classes of antibiotics. Together, this study demonstrates the importance of UDP-GalNAcA in the pathobiology of A. baumannii. By interrupting its biosynthesis, we showed that this molecule plays a critical role in capsule biosynthesis and maintaining the cell envelope homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Crépin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Elizabeth N Ottosen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Courtney E Chandler
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Anna Sintsova
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Robert K Ernst
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Harry L T Mobley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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